EP1966429B1 - Circuit arrangement comprising a peltier module - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement comprising a peltier module Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1966429B1
EP1966429B1 EP06830086A EP06830086A EP1966429B1 EP 1966429 B1 EP1966429 B1 EP 1966429B1 EP 06830086 A EP06830086 A EP 06830086A EP 06830086 A EP06830086 A EP 06830086A EP 1966429 B1 EP1966429 B1 EP 1966429B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
peltier
circuit arrangement
voltage
peltier module
arrangement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06830086A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1966429A1 (en
Inventor
Hasan Gökcer ALBAYRAK
Andreas Stolze
Thomas Ludenia
Günter Steffens
Klaus Grunert
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication of EP1966429A1 publication Critical patent/EP1966429A1/en
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Publication of EP1966429B1 publication Critical patent/EP1966429B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/08—Control circuits or arrangements thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/44—Current or voltage
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/50—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers related to heat pumps, e.g. pressure or flow rate
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/26—Heat pumps
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/62—Stopping or disabling machine operation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/206—Heat pump arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/021—Control thereof
    • F25B2321/0212—Control thereof of electric power, current or voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement comprising a Peltier module for use in a Peltier heat pump, another consumer (11, 12) and a power supply for a tumble dryer, wherein the Peltier module comprises at least one series arrangement of Peltier elements, and wherein each series arrangement can be acted upon by a DC voltage ,
  • Peltier element in construction and function is known, which has the structure described above.
  • the half elements of this Peltier element are columnar or cuboidal and consist of doped semiconductors as materials.
  • the semiconductors are in particular bismuth telluride, and a p-type doped semiconductor and an n-type doped semiconductor are used.
  • a half element of the p-type doped semiconductor and a half element of the n-type doped semiconductor are each connected to one side via a printed circuit board, also referred to as a metal bridge, and at another side, which is opposite to said one side , connected in each case via a further printed circuit board with a further half-element or a connection contact for connection of the Peltier element to an electrical network.
  • a printed circuit board also referred to as a metal bridge
  • the DE 1 410 206 A is a washing machine, in which laundry not only washed, but also can be dried.
  • an electric heating device for heating an air stream used for drying laundry and a simple heat exchanger for cooling the heated Air flow may be provided after applying the laundry, but the heater and the radiator may also belong to a heat pump.
  • the heat pump device may be a heat pump device which operates with Peltier elements for use of the thermoelectric effect.
  • a proper English Kurzauszug resulting device for drying laundry which in turn corresponds to the type described input, contains in its first channel system in addition to a heater and a radiator, both of which belong to a thermoelectrically operable heat pump, a cooler upstream of the additional heat exchanger for cooling the of the Laundry goods discharged air flow and a heater downstream additional heating device for further heating of the air flow before applying the laundry.
  • a tumble dryer with a Peltier heat pump is off EP 1 342 828 A2 known.
  • the invention discloses the Seebeck effect which occurs in the separate Peltier module from each power supply as a reversal of the thermoelectric effect for the optional supply of other consumers and also makes specific electrical properties and measured variables available for use.
  • the switch takes account of the fact that another consumer in the tumble dryer can use an electrical voltage that arises due to the sea-bake effect when the Peltier module is exposed to a temperature difference between the associated heater and the associated cooler without connection of an external electrical voltage.
  • the switch can be controlled by a drive unit of the tumble dryer.
  • the control unit can thereby control the switch at least optionally as a function of a temperature at the Peltier module or another suitable location in the tumble dryer and thus periodically perform corresponding measurements. This makes it possible to introduce a control in which the Peltier module is turned off when the temperature leaves a critical area.
  • the control temperature depends on the temperature sensor data and the dimensioning of the control circuit.
  • the other consumer comprises an interior lighting of the tumble dryer.
  • interior lighting is primarily important when the tumble dryer is open for loading or unloading, and thus need not necessarily be operated simultaneously with the Peltier module.
  • Further preferred consumers which can be connected to the Peltier module as an alternative to the power supply, are sensors and controllers for suitable partial aspects of the processes and display elements taking place in the tumble dryer. Such another consumer is integrated with further preference in a drive unit for the tumble dryer.
  • the other consumer comprises a sensor for a voltage across the Peltier module. Due to the dependence of this generated by the Seebeck effect voltage of the voltage across the Peltier module temperature difference is a determination of this temperature difference, in particular for use as input to control the running in the dryer drying process, by measuring this voltage possible.
  • the other consumer comprises a sensor for electrical resistance of the Peltier module. Due to the strong negative temperature coefficient of a conventional Peltier element is via a measurement of electrical resistance Measurement of the operating temperature of the Peltier module possible - whereby the operating temperature is an excellent and preferred measure for detecting a malfunction of the dryer.
  • the DC voltage for supplying the Peltier module is preferably generated by rectification of the mains voltage, in particular of 230 volts AC, in a mains rectifier.
  • the number of Peltier elements and the manufacturer of the Peltier elements are selected so that they are adapted to this rectified mains voltage optimized.
  • the number of Peltier elements and the manufacturer type are selected such that the Peltier elements of the series arrangement are operated by applying the rectified mains voltage arrangement at an operating point which is at least suitable and preferably optimized for the use of the Peltier module in a Peltier heat pump is.
  • the Peltier module is operated indirectly with mains voltage.
  • a tumble dryer which is connected to the mains voltage, this represents a particularly simple way of providing a DC voltage.
  • a switch can be controlled, which can interrupt the entire voltage supply, for example because it is located on the AC side of the power rectifier and can interrupt the AC power supply. This then takes into account the fact that the other consumers do not need the voltage during the temperature control of the Peltier module in the meantime, so that the rectifier can be completely turned off in the context of the scheme.
  • the temperature control of the type mentioned serves to regulate the temperature in a certain range.
  • an over-temperature protection can be provided. This can be made much more direct than it takes place via the intermediate path of a special temperature sensor.
  • a thermal switch can be coupled. If the Peltier module (at the coupling point) exceeds a certain temperature, the thermal switch switches.
  • the thermal switch may be located on the DC side, it is preferred to be on the DC side AC power supply side to the mains rectifier arranged so that it interrupts the AC power supply in the event of excessive temperature.
  • a buffer capacitor may be arranged downstream.
  • the charging current on the buffer capacitor is preferably limited by a charging current limiter (for example of the NTC type).
  • the corresponding interconnection results in a logical manner such that the buffer capacitor is connected in parallel to two outputs of the mains rectifier, and that the charging current limiter is arranged in the current path between a terminal of the mains rectifier and a terminal of the buffer capacitor.
  • FIG. illustrates the circuit diagram of the circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. schematically illustrates a Peltier module 1, which is to serve for use in a Peltier heat pump for a tumble dryer.
  • the Peltier module comprises Peltier elements 2 connected in rows, although twelve Peltier elements 2 are shown here, but the Peltier module need not be fixed to the number twelve.
  • the number of Peltier elements 2 and the operating values of the Peltier elements 2 are jointly designed so that the series arrangement of the Peltier elements 2 can be operated with a voltage that results in rectification of the mains voltage.
  • the mains voltage of 230 volts AC (230 Vac) is initially provided, wherein here the connections L and N are shown schematically.
  • the AC voltage is rectified by a mains rectifier 3, which has a conventional construction of a rectifier.
  • a buffer capacitor 4 is provided, which is connected in parallel with the DC-side terminals of the mains rectifier 3.
  • NTC resistor i.e. resistance with a negative temperature coefficient
  • Thermally coupled to the Peltier module 1 is a corresponding temperature change automatically switching thermal switch 6.
  • the thermal switch 6 switches on the AC side of the mains rectifier 3, interrupts the AC voltage supply and thus switches off the Peltier module 1.
  • the temperature control can also be designed somewhat more precisely.
  • a temperature sensor 7 is provided on the Peltier module 1 at a predefined location. This leads to electronic measured values of a control unit 11 controlling the tumble dryer for the corresponding control of a relay control circuit (shown as a transistor circuit).
  • a relay control circuit shown as a transistor circuit.
  • About the Relaisan Kunststoff Vietnamese also an AC-side switch 9 is actuated, d. H. the entire Peltier module 1 are turned off.
  • the Relaisan Kunststoff Vietnamese 11 has as a further input a DC voltage signal from the drive unit 11 of the tumble dryer.
  • the Peltier module 1 is thus also indirectly by means of a corresponding Relaisan Kunststoffnikes and the switch 9 switched off.
  • a switch 10 (relay) is provided. With the help of the switch 10, the rectified mains voltage can also be separated from the Peltier module 1. However, the rectifier 3 remains active and the DC voltage is therefore still available. After separation from the DC voltage, the Peltier module 1 is switched to an interior lighting 12 of the tumble dryer. For the interior lighting 12, four light-emitting diodes and an additional resistor connected in series to the light-emitting diodes are illustrated schematically here. The interior lighting 12 is connected in parallel another, in the drive unit 11th integrated and in the drawing by this symbolized consumer. This other consumer may be another sensor, a controller, a display element or a plurality of such other consumers. Another consumer in the form of a voltage or resistance measuring device can be periodically repeatedly connected to the Peltier module 1 by switching the changeover switch 10 in order to obtain measured values for controlling a drying process taking place in the tumble dryer.
  • the changeover switch 10 is also controlled via the Relaisan Kunststoffnik 11, so it can be optionally regulated depending on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 7.
  • the changeover switch 10 By switching the Peltier module 1 is separated from the DC voltage, whereby the temperature is lowered again. If the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 7 drops below a certain limit value, the drive unit 11 becomes active again and switches the switch 10 again, so that the Peltier module 1 is again connected to the rectified mains voltage.
  • a throttle 8 for power factor correction (Power Factor Correction, PFC) is connected upstream of the rectifier 3.
  • the Peltier module 1 has operating values which are optimized by suitable choice of the number of individual Peltier elements 2 and by suitable selection of this type in such a way that it can be operated with a rectified mains voltage.
  • the operating point is optimized for the operation of the Peltier module 1 for use in the context of a Peltier heat pump in providing the rectified mains voltage.
  • thermo switch 6 There are over-temperature protection by means of the thermal switch 6. With the help of the temperature sensor 7 and the switches 9 and 10, which are controlled by the drive unit 11, a self-temperature control is possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit arrangement for a Peltier module for use in a Peltier heat pump for a tumble dryer with the circuit arrangement including a Peltier module having at least one series arrangement of Peltier elements, with each series arrangement of Peltier elements being configured to receive voltage; and a two-position transfer switch wherein at a first position voltage is applied to the Peltier module and at a second position voltage is not applied to the Peltier module and the Peltier module is connected to another electrical device.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung umfassend ein Peltiermodul zur Verwendung in einer Peltier-Wärmepumpe, einen anderen Verbraucher (11, 12) und eine Spannungsversorgung für einen Wäschetrockner, wobei das Peltiermodul zumindest eine Reihenanordnung aus Peltierelementen umfasst, und wobei jede Reihenanordnung mit einer Gleichspannung beaufschlagbar ist.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement comprising a Peltier module for use in a Peltier heat pump, another consumer (11, 12) and a power supply for a tumble dryer, wherein the Peltier module comprises at least one series arrangement of Peltier elements, and wherein each series arrangement can be acted upon by a DC voltage ,

Aus einem Dokument, welches am 25. November 2005 von der Internet-Adresse http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peltier-Element
herunterladbar war, ist ein Peltierelement in Aufbau und Funktion bekannt, welches den vorstehend beschriebenen Aufbau aufweist. Die Halbelemente dieses Peltierelements sind säulen- oder quaderförmig ausgebildet und bestehen aus dotierten Halbleitern als Werkstoffe. Die Halbleiter sind insbesondere Wismut-Tellurid, und es kommen ein p-leitend dotierter und ein n-leitend dotierter Halbleiter zum Einsatz. Jeweils ein Halbelement aus dem p-leitend dotierten Halbleiter und ein Halbelement aus dem n-leitend dotierten Halbleiter sind jeweils an einer Seite über ein Leiterplättchen, auch als Metallbrücke bezeichnet, miteinander verbunden, und an einer anderen Seite, welche der genannten einen Seite gegenüber liegt, über jeweils ein weiteres Leiterplättchen mit einem weiteren Halbelement oder einem Anschlusskontakt zum Anschluss des Peltierelements an ein elektrisches Netzwerk verbunden.From a document published on November 25, 2005 from the Internet address http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peltier-Element
was downloadable, a Peltier element in construction and function is known, which has the structure described above. The half elements of this Peltier element are columnar or cuboidal and consist of doped semiconductors as materials. The semiconductors are in particular bismuth telluride, and a p-type doped semiconductor and an n-type doped semiconductor are used. In each case, a half element of the p-type doped semiconductor and a half element of the n-type doped semiconductor are each connected to one side via a printed circuit board, also referred to as a metal bridge, and at another side, which is opposite to said one side , connected in each case via a further printed circuit board with a further half-element or a connection contact for connection of the Peltier element to an electrical network.

Weitere Hinweise zu Grundlagen, anwendungsbezogener Auswahl und Montage von Peltierelementen ergeben sich aus Dokumenten, die am 25. November 2005 von den Internet-Adressen

  • http://www.quick-ohm.de/waernie/download/Erlaeuterung-zu-Peltierementen.pdf und
  • http://www.quick-ohm.de/waerme/downioad/Einbau.pdf
  • herunterladbar waren.
Further information on the basics, application-specific selection and assembly of Peltier elements can be found in documents published on 25 November 2005 by the Internet addresses
  • http://www.quick-ohm.de/waernie/download/Erlaeuterung-zu-Peltierementen.pdf and
  • http://www.quick-ohm.de/waerme/downioad/Einbau.pdf
  • were downloadable.

Aus der DE 1 410 206 A geht eine Waschmaschine hervor, in welcher Waschgut nicht nur gewaschen, sondern auch getrocknet werden kann. Für die dazu erforderlichen zusätzlichen Einrichtungen zeigt die Schrift mehrere Alternativen; insbesondere können eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines zur Trocknung von Waschgut eingesetzten Luftstroms und ein einfacher Wärmetauscher zum Abkühlen des erwärmten Luftstroms nach dem Beaufschlagen des Waschguts vorgesehen sein, der Heizer und der Kühler können aber auch zu einer Wärmepumpeinrichtung gehören. Die Wärmepumpeinrichtung kann eine Wärmepumpeinrichtung sein, welche mit Peltierelementen zur Nutzung des thermoelektrischen Effekts arbeitet.From the DE 1 410 206 A is a washing machine, in which laundry not only washed, but also can be dried. For the additional facilities required for this, the document shows several alternatives; In particular, an electric heating device for heating an air stream used for drying laundry and a simple heat exchanger for cooling the heated Air flow may be provided after applying the laundry, but the heater and the radiator may also belong to a heat pump. The heat pump device may be a heat pump device which operates with Peltier elements for use of the thermoelectric effect.

Eine aus einem in der Datensammlung "Patent Abstracts of Japan" zur JP 08 057 194 A gehörigen englischen Kurzauszug hervorgehende Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Waschgut, welche wiederum der Eingangs beschriebenen Gattung entspricht, enthält in ihrem ersten Kanalsystem neben einem Heizer und einem Kühler, welche beide zu einer thermoelektrisch betreibbaren Wärmepumpeinrichtung gehören, einen dem Kühler vorgeschalteten zusätzlichen Wärmetauscher zur Abkühlung des von dem Waschgut abgeführten Luftstroms und eine dem Heizer nachgeschaltete zusätzliche Heizeinrichtung zum weiteren Erwärmen des Luftstroms vor dem Beaufschlagen des Waschguts.One from one in the "Patent Abstracts of Japan" data collection JP 08 057 194 A proper English Kurzauszug resulting device for drying laundry, which in turn corresponds to the type described input, contains in its first channel system in addition to a heater and a radiator, both of which belong to a thermoelectrically operable heat pump, a cooler upstream of the additional heat exchanger for cooling the of the Laundry goods discharged air flow and a heater downstream additional heating device for further heating of the air flow before applying the laundry.

Ein Wäschetrockner mit einer Peltier-Wärmepumpe ist aus EP 1 342 828 A2 bekannt.A tumble dryer with a Peltier heat pump is off EP 1 342 828 A2 known.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Eigenschaften des Peltiermoduls im laufenden Betrieb auf möglichst einfache und günstige Weise nutzbar zu machen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf ine möglichst einfache und günstige Lösung der Frage eines Funktionsüberwachung des Peltiermoduls und des Wäschetrockners, in welchen das Peltiermodul eingebaut ist.It is an object of the invention to make the properties of the Peltier module during operation in the simplest possible and most beneficial manner, in particular with regard to a possible simple and inexpensive solution to the question of a functional monitoring of the Peltier module and the tumble dryer, in which the Peltier module is installed.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Schaltungsanordnung gemäß Anspruch 1.The object is achieved by a circuit arrangement according to claim 1.

Die Erfindung erschließt insbesondere den in dem von jeder Spannungsversorgung getrennten Peltiermodul als Umkehrung des thermoelektrischen Effektes auftretenden Seebeck-Effekt zur optionalen Versorgung geeigneter anderer Verbraucher und macht außerdem spezifische elektrische Eigenschaften und Messgrößen der Nutzung zugänglich.In particular, the invention discloses the Seebeck effect which occurs in the separate Peltier module from each power supply as a reversal of the thermoelectric effect for the optional supply of other consumers and also makes specific electrical properties and measured variables available for use.

Der Umschalter trägt der Tatsache Rechnung, dass ein anderer Verbraucher im Wäschetrockner eine elektrische Spannung nutzen kann, welche aufgrund des Seeback-Effektes entsteht, wenn das Peltiermodul ohne Anschluss einer externen elektrischen Spannung einer Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem zugeordneten Heizer und dem zugeordneten Kühler ausgesetzt ist. Der Umschalter kann von einer Ansteuereinheit des Wäschetrockners angesteuert sein. Die Ansteuereinheit kann dabei zumindest optional in Abhängigkeit von einer Temperatur am Peltiermodul oder einem anderen geeigneten Ort im Wäschetrockner den Umschalter steuern und somit periodisch wiederholend entsprechende Messungen durchführen. Dadurch wird es möglich, eine Regelung einzuführen, im Rahmen derer das Peltiermodul ausgeschaltet wird, wenn die Temperatur einen kritischen Bereich verlässt. Die Regeltemperatur ist abhängig von den Temperatursensordaten und der Dimensionierung des Ansteuerkreises.The switch takes account of the fact that another consumer in the tumble dryer can use an electrical voltage that arises due to the sea-bake effect when the Peltier module is exposed to a temperature difference between the associated heater and the associated cooler without connection of an external electrical voltage. The switch can be controlled by a drive unit of the tumble dryer. The control unit can thereby control the switch at least optionally as a function of a temperature at the Peltier module or another suitable location in the tumble dryer and thus periodically perform corresponding measurements. This makes it possible to introduce a control in which the Peltier module is turned off when the temperature leaves a critical area. The control temperature depends on the temperature sensor data and the dimensioning of the control circuit.

Vorzugsweise umfasst der andere Verbraucher eine Innenraumbeleuchtung des Wäschetrockners. Eine solche Innenraumbeleuchtung ist in erster Linie dann wichtig, wenn der Wäschetrockner zur Beladung oder Entladung geöffnet ist, und muss somit nicht notwendigerweise gleichzeitig mit dem Peltiermodul betrieben werden.Preferably, the other consumer comprises an interior lighting of the tumble dryer. Such interior lighting is primarily important when the tumble dryer is open for loading or unloading, and thus need not necessarily be operated simultaneously with the Peltier module.

Weitere bevorzugte Verbraucher, die alternativ zur Spannungsversorgung an das Peltiermodul anschließbar sind, sind Sensoren und Steuerungen für geeignete Teilaspekte der im Wäschetrockner ablaufenden Prozesse und Anzeigeelemente. Ein solcher weiterer Verbraucher ist mit weiterem Vorzug in eine Ansteuereinheit für den Wäschetrockner integriert.Further preferred consumers, which can be connected to the Peltier module as an alternative to the power supply, are sensors and controllers for suitable partial aspects of the processes and display elements taking place in the tumble dryer. Such another consumer is integrated with further preference in a drive unit for the tumble dryer.

Mit besonderem Vorzug umfasst der andere Verbraucher einen Sensor für eine über dem Peltiermodul anfallende Spannung. Aufgrund der Abhängigkeit dieser durch den Seebeck-Effekt erzeugten Spannung von der über dem Peltiermodul anliegenden Temperaturdifferenz ist eine Bestimmung dieser Temperaturdifferenz, insbesondere zur Nutzung als Eingangsgröße zur Steuerung des in dem Wäschetrockner ablaufenden Trocknungsprozesses, durch eine Messung dieser Spannung möglich.With particular preference, the other consumer comprises a sensor for a voltage across the Peltier module. Due to the dependence of this generated by the Seebeck effect voltage of the voltage across the Peltier module temperature difference is a determination of this temperature difference, in particular for use as input to control the running in the dryer drying process, by measuring this voltage possible.

Ebenfalls bevorzugt umfasst der andere Verbraucher einen Sensor für einen elektrischen Widerstand des Peltiermoduls. Aufgrund des stark negativen Temperaturkoeffizienten eines üblichen Peltierelements ist über eine Messung des elektrischen Widerstandes eine Messung der Betriebstemperatur des Peltiermoduls möglich - wobei die Betriebstemperatur eine hervorragende und bevorzugte Messgröße zur Erkennung einer Fehlfunktion des Trockners ist.Also preferably, the other consumer comprises a sensor for electrical resistance of the Peltier module. Due to the strong negative temperature coefficient of a conventional Peltier element is via a measurement of electrical resistance Measurement of the operating temperature of the Peltier module possible - whereby the operating temperature is an excellent and preferred measure for detecting a malfunction of the dryer.

Die Gleichspannung zur Versorgung des Peltiermoduls wird vorzugsweise durch Gleichrichtung der Netzspannung, insbesondere von 230 Volt Wechselstrom, in einem Netzgleichrichter erzeugt. Die Anzahl der Peltierelemente und der Herstellertyp der Peltierelemente sind so ausgewählt, dass sie an diese gleichgerichtete Netzspannung optimiert angepasst sind. Mit anderen Worten sind die Anzahl der Peltierelemente und der Herstellertyp so ausgewählt, dass die Peltierelemente der Reihenanordnung durch Beaufschlagung der Reihenanordung mit der gleichgerichteten Netzspannung in einem Arbeitspunkt betrieben werden, der für die Verwendung des Peltiermoduls in einer Peltier-Wärmepumpe zumindest geeignet ist und bevorzugt optimiert ist. Damit wird das Peltiermodul mittelbar mit Netzspannung betrieben. Insbesondere im Rahmen eines Wäschetrockners, der an die Netzspannung angeschlossen wird, stellt dies eine besonders einfache Art der Bereitstellung einer Gleichspannung dar.The DC voltage for supplying the Peltier module is preferably generated by rectification of the mains voltage, in particular of 230 volts AC, in a mains rectifier. The number of Peltier elements and the manufacturer of the Peltier elements are selected so that they are adapted to this rectified mains voltage optimized. In other words, the number of Peltier elements and the manufacturer type are selected such that the Peltier elements of the series arrangement are operated by applying the rectified mains voltage arrangement at an operating point which is at least suitable and preferably optimized for the use of the Peltier module in a Peltier heat pump is. Thus, the Peltier module is operated indirectly with mains voltage. In particular, in the context of a tumble dryer, which is connected to the mains voltage, this represents a particularly simple way of providing a DC voltage.

Es ist nicht notwendig, dass die Ansteuereinheit den genannten Umschalter ansteuert, um die Temperatur zu regeln. Stattdessen kann auch ein Schalter angesteuert werden, der die gesamte Spannungszufuhr unterbrechen kann, weil er beispielsweise auf der Wechselstromseite des Netzgleichrichters angeordnet ist und die Wechselstromzufuhr unterbrechen kann. Dies trägt dann der Tatsache Rechnung, dass die anderen Verbraucher während der Temperaturregelung des Peltiermoduls nicht zwischenzeitlich die Spannung benötigen, so dass der Gleichrichter im Rahmen der Regelung komplett ausgeschaltet werden kann.It is not necessary that the drive unit controls the said switch to regulate the temperature. Instead, a switch can be controlled, which can interrupt the entire voltage supply, for example because it is located on the AC side of the power rectifier and can interrupt the AC power supply. This then takes into account the fact that the other consumers do not need the voltage during the temperature control of the Peltier module in the meantime, so that the rectifier can be completely turned off in the context of the scheme.

Die Temperatursteuerung der genannten Art dient der Regelung der Temperatur in einem bestimmten Bereich. Zusätzlich kann ein Übertemperaturschutz vorgesehen sein. Dieser kann wesentlich direkter ausgestaltet sein als es über den Zwischenweg eines besonderen Temperatursensors erfolgt. Direkt thermisch an das Peltiermodul kann ein Thermoschalter angekoppelt sein. Überschreitet das Peltiermodul (an der Ankoppelstelle) eine bestimmte Temperatur, so schaltet der Thermoschalter. Zwar kann der Thermoschalter auf der Gleichstromseite angeordnet sein, bevorzugt ist er jedoch auf der Wechselstromzufuhrseite zu dem Netzgleichrichter angeordnet, so dass er im Übertemperaturfall die Wechselstromzufuhr gänzlich unterbricht.The temperature control of the type mentioned serves to regulate the temperature in a certain range. In addition, an over-temperature protection can be provided. This can be made much more direct than it takes place via the intermediate path of a special temperature sensor. Direct thermally to the Peltier module, a thermal switch can be coupled. If the Peltier module (at the coupling point) exceeds a certain temperature, the thermal switch switches. Although the thermal switch may be located on the DC side, it is preferred to be on the DC side AC power supply side to the mains rectifier arranged so that it interrupts the AC power supply in the event of excessive temperature.

Um die gleichgerichtete Spannung des Netzgleichrichters zu stabilisieren, kann dem Netzgleichrichter auf der Gleichstromseite ein Pufferkondensator nachgeordnet sein. Bevorzugt ist der Ladestrom auf dem Pufferkondensator durch einen Ladestrombegrenzer (beispielsweise vom NTC-Typ) begrenzt. Die entsprechende Verschaltung ergibt sich in logischer Weise derart, dass der Pufferkondensator parallel zu zwei Ausgängen des Netzgleichrichters geschaltet ist, und dass der Ladestrombegrenzer im Strompfad zwischen einem Anschluss des Netzgleichrichters und einem Anschluss des Pufferkondensators angeordnet ist.In order to stabilize the rectified voltage of the mains rectifier, the power rectifier on the DC side, a buffer capacitor may be arranged downstream. The charging current on the buffer capacitor is preferably limited by a charging current limiter (for example of the NTC type). The corresponding interconnection results in a logical manner such that the buffer capacitor is connected in parallel to two outputs of the mains rectifier, and that the charging current limiter is arranged in the current path between a terminal of the mains rectifier and a terminal of the buffer capacitor.

Da die Schaltungsanordnung in einem elektrischen Gerät (Wäschetrockner) zur Benutzung durch einen beliebigen Endverbraucher vertrieben werden soll und dieses Gerät entsprechenden gesetzlichen Bestimmungen unterliegt, soll zur Erfüllung dieser Bestimmungen hinsichtlich einer möglichen Netzrückwirkung einer Drossel auf der Wechselstromseite, des Netzgleichrichters angeordnet sein, welche der Power-Faktor-Korrektur dient (PFC-Drossel).Since the circuitry in an electrical device (dryer) for use by any end user to be distributed and this device is subject to appropriate statutory provisions should be arranged to meet these provisions regarding a possible network feedback of a choke on the AC side of the power rectifier, which of the power Factor Correction (PFC Throttle).

Es wird nachfolgend eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung unter Bezug auf die Zeichnung beschrieben, wobei die FIG. den Schaltplan der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung veranschaulicht.Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawing, wherein FIG. illustrates the circuit diagram of the circuit arrangement according to the invention.

In der FIG. ist schematisch ein Peltiermodul 1 veranschaulicht, welches zur Verwendung in einer Peltier-Wärmepumpe für einen Wäschetrockner dienen soll. Das Peltiermodul umfasst in Reihen geschaltete Peltierelemente 2, wobei hier zwar zwölf Peltierelemente 2 gezeigt sind, das Peltiermodul aber nicht auf die Zahl zwölf festgelegt sein muss. Im Gegenteil: Die Anzahl der Peltierelemente 2 und die Betriebswerte der Peltierelemente 2 (d. h. der Herstellertyp der Peltierelemente 2) sind gemeinsam so ausgelegt, dass die Reihenanordnung der Peltierelemente 2 mit einer Spannung betrieben werden kann, die sich bei Gleichrichtung der Netzspannung ergibt. Es ist auch ein Peltiermodul 1 mit mehr als einer hier gezeigten Reihenanordnung denkbar, wobei die einzelnen Reihenanordnungen üblicherweise parallel zueinander angeordnet werden.In FIG. schematically illustrates a Peltier module 1, which is to serve for use in a Peltier heat pump for a tumble dryer. The Peltier module comprises Peltier elements 2 connected in rows, although twelve Peltier elements 2 are shown here, but the Peltier module need not be fixed to the number twelve. On the contrary, the number of Peltier elements 2 and the operating values of the Peltier elements 2 (ie the manufacturer of the Peltier elements 2) are jointly designed so that the series arrangement of the Peltier elements 2 can be operated with a voltage that results in rectification of the mains voltage. It is also a Peltier module 1 with more than one series arrangement shown here conceivable, wherein the individual row arrangements are usually arranged parallel to each other.

Zur Erzeugung der gleichgerichteten Netzspannung wird zunächst die Netzspannung von 230 Volt Wechselstrom (230 Vac) bereitgestellt, wobei hier schematisch die Anschlüsse L und N gezeigt sind. Die Wechselspannung wird von einem Netzgleichrichter 3 gleichgerichtet, der einen herkömmlichen Aufbau eines Gleichrichters hat. Zur Stabilisierung der gleichgerichteten Spannung ist ein Pufferkondensator 4 vorgesehen, der parallel zu den gleichstromseitigen Anschlüssen des Netzgleichrichters 3 geschaltet ist. Im Schaltweg von dem einen Anschluss des Netzgleichrichters 3 zu dem einen Anschluss des Pufferkondensators 4 befindet sich ein Ladestrombegrenzer 5 (NTC-Widerstand, d. h. Widerstand mit negativem Temperaturkoeffizienten).To generate the rectified mains voltage, the mains voltage of 230 volts AC (230 Vac) is initially provided, wherein here the connections L and N are shown schematically. The AC voltage is rectified by a mains rectifier 3, which has a conventional construction of a rectifier. To stabilize the rectified voltage, a buffer capacitor 4 is provided, which is connected in parallel with the DC-side terminals of the mains rectifier 3. In the switching path from the one terminal of the mains rectifier 3 to the one terminal of the buffer capacitor 4 there is a charge current limiter 5 (NTC resistor, i.e. resistance with a negative temperature coefficient).

Thermisch an das Peltiermodul 1 angekoppelt ist ein bei entsprechender Temperaturveränderung selbsttätig schaltender Thermoschalter 6. Bei einer Übertemperatur des Peltiermoduls 1 schaltet der Thermoschalter 6 auf der Wechselstromseite des Netzgleichrichters 3, unterbricht die Wechselspannungszufuhr und schaltet somit das Peltiermodul 1 aus.Thermally coupled to the Peltier module 1 is a corresponding temperature change automatically switching thermal switch 6. At an overtemperature of the Peltier module 1, the thermal switch 6 switches on the AC side of the mains rectifier 3, interrupts the AC voltage supply and thus switches off the Peltier module 1.

Die Temperaturregelung kann auch etwas genauer gestaltet sein. Hierfür ist auf dem Peltiermodul 1 an einer vordefinierten Stelle ein Temperatursensor 7 vorgesehen. Dieser führt elektronische Messwerte einer den Wäschetrockner steuernden Ansteuereinheit 11 zur entsprechenden Ansteuerung eines Relaisansteuerkreises (dargestellt als Transistor-Schaltkreis) zu. Über den Relaisansteuerkreis kann ebenfalls ein wechselstromseitiger Schalter 9 betätigt, d. h. das gesamte Peltiermodul 1 ausgeschaltet werden. Der Relaisansteuerkreis 11 hat als weiteren Eingang ein Gleichspannungssignal von der Ansteuereinheit 11 des Wäschetrockners. Das Peltiermodul 1 ist so auch mittelbar mittels eines entsprechenden Relaisansteuerkreises und des Schalters 9 ausschaltbar.The temperature control can also be designed somewhat more precisely. For this purpose, a temperature sensor 7 is provided on the Peltier module 1 at a predefined location. This leads to electronic measured values of a control unit 11 controlling the tumble dryer for the corresponding control of a relay control circuit (shown as a transistor circuit). About the Relaisansteuerkreis also an AC-side switch 9 is actuated, d. H. the entire Peltier module 1 are turned off. The Relaisansteuerkreis 11 has as a further input a DC voltage signal from the drive unit 11 of the tumble dryer. The Peltier module 1 is thus also indirectly by means of a corresponding Relaisansteuerkreises and the switch 9 switched off.

Zusätzlich ist ein Umschalter 10 (Relais) vorgesehen. Mit Hilfe des Umschalters 10 kann ebenfalls die gleichgerichtete Netzspannung von dem Peltiermodul 1 getrennt werden. Dabei bleibt der Gleichrichter 3 allerdings weiter aktiv und die Gleichspannung demnach weiter verfügbar. Nach der Trennung von der Gleichspannung wird das Peltiermodul 1 an eine Innenraumbeleuchtung 12 des Wäschetrockners geschaltet. Für die Innenraumbeleuchtung 12 sind hier schematisch vier Leuchtdioden und ein zusätzlicher, zu den Leuchtdioden in Reihe geschalteter Widerstand veranschaulicht. Der Innenraumbeleuchtung 12 parallel geschaltet ist ein anderer, in die Ansteuereinheit 11 integrierter und in der Zeichnung durch diese symbolisierter Verbraucher. Dieser andere Verbraucher kann ein weiterer Sensor, eine Steuerung, ein Anzeigeelement oder eine Mehrzahl solcher weiterer Verbraucher sein. Ein weiterer Verbraucher in Form einer Spannungs- oder Widerstandsmesseinrichtung kann durch Umschalten des Umschalters 10 periodisch wiederholt mit dem Peltiermodul 1 verbunden werden, um Messwerte zur Steuerung eines im Wäschetrockner ablaufenden Trocknungsprozesses zu gewinnen.In addition, a switch 10 (relay) is provided. With the help of the switch 10, the rectified mains voltage can also be separated from the Peltier module 1. However, the rectifier 3 remains active and the DC voltage is therefore still available. After separation from the DC voltage, the Peltier module 1 is switched to an interior lighting 12 of the tumble dryer. For the interior lighting 12, four light-emitting diodes and an additional resistor connected in series to the light-emitting diodes are illustrated schematically here. The interior lighting 12 is connected in parallel another, in the drive unit 11th integrated and in the drawing by this symbolized consumer. This other consumer may be another sensor, a controller, a display element or a plurality of such other consumers. Another consumer in the form of a voltage or resistance measuring device can be periodically repeatedly connected to the Peltier module 1 by switching the changeover switch 10 in order to obtain measured values for controlling a drying process taking place in the tumble dryer.

Der Umschalter 10 wird ebenfalls über den Relaisansteuerkreis 11 angesteuert, kann also gegebenenfalls in Abhängigkeit von der vom Temperatursensor 7 gemessenen Temperatur geregelt werden. Durch Umschalten wird das Peltiermodul 1 von der Gleichspannung abgetrennt, wodurch sich die Temperatur wieder erniedrigt. Sinkt die vom Temperatursensor 7 gemessene Temperatur unter einen bestimmten Grenzwert, wird die Ansteuereinheit 11 wieder aktiv und schaltet den Schalter 10 abermals um, so dass das Peltiermodul 1 wieder an die gleichgerichtete Netzspannung angeschlossen wird.The changeover switch 10 is also controlled via the Relaisansteuerkreis 11, so it can be optionally regulated depending on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 7. By switching the Peltier module 1 is separated from the DC voltage, whereby the temperature is lowered again. If the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 7 drops below a certain limit value, the drive unit 11 becomes active again and switches the switch 10 again, so that the Peltier module 1 is again connected to the rectified mains voltage.

Zur Erfüllung gesetzlicher Vorschriften betreffend die Netzrückwirkung der Schaltungsanordnung ist eine Drossel 8 zur Power-Faktor-Korrektur (Power-Factor-Correction, PFC) dem Gleichrichter 3 vorgeschaltet.To meet legal requirements regarding the network feedback of the circuit arrangement, a throttle 8 for power factor correction (Power Factor Correction, PFC) is connected upstream of the rectifier 3.

Das Peltiermodul 1 hat Betriebswerte, die durch geeignete Wahl der Anzahl der einzelnen Peltierelemente 2 und durch geeignete Auswahl derer Typus dahingehend optimiert sind, dass es mit einer gleichgerichteten Netzspannung betrieben werden kann. Mit anderen Worten ist der Arbeitspunkt bei Bereitstellung der gleichgerichteten Netzspannung zum Betrieb des Peltiermoduls 1 für die Verwendung im Rahmen einer Peltier-Wärmepumpe optimiert.The Peltier module 1 has operating values which are optimized by suitable choice of the number of individual Peltier elements 2 and by suitable selection of this type in such a way that it can be operated with a rectified mains voltage. In other words, the operating point is optimized for the operation of the Peltier module 1 for use in the context of a Peltier heat pump in providing the rectified mains voltage.

Es gibt vermittels des Thermoschalters 6 einen Übertemperaturschutz. Mit Hilfe des Temperatursensors 7 und der Schalter 9 bzw. 10, die von der Ansteuereinheit 11 angesteuert werden, ist eine Selbsttemperaturregelung ermöglicht.There are over-temperature protection by means of the thermal switch 6. With the help of the temperature sensor 7 and the switches 9 and 10, which are controlled by the drive unit 11, a self-temperature control is possible.

Claims (14)

  1. Circuit arrangement comprising a Peltier module (1) for use in a Peltier heat pump, another load (11, 12) and a voltage supply for a laundry dryer, wherein the Peltier module (1) comprises at least one series arrangement of Peltier elements (2) and wherein each series arrangement is loadable with a direct voltage, characterised in that a changeover switch (10) with two settings is provided, in the first setting of which the direct voltage acts on the Peltier module (1) and in the second setting of which the direct voltage does not act on the Peltier module (1), but the Peltier module (1) is connected with the other load (11, 12).
  2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, in which the other load (11, 12) comprises an interior lighting means (12) of the laundry dryer.
  3. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in which the other load (11, 12) comprises at least one further load (11), particularly an element or several elements from the group comprising a further sensor, a control and an indicating element.
  4. Circuit arrangement according to claim 3, in which the further load (11) is integrated in a control unit (11) for the laundry dryer.
  5. Circuit arrangement according to claim 3 or 4, in which the other load (11, 12) comprises a sensor (11) for a direct voltage arising by way of the Peltier module (1).
  6. Circuit arrangement according to any one of claims 3 to 5, in which the other load (11, 12) comprises a sensor (11) for an electrical resistance of the Peltier module (1).
  7. Circuit arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, which comprises a temperature sensor (7), which is mounted at the Peltier module (1) and connected with a control unit (11) and by which a temperature of the Peltier module (1) is detectable.
  8. Circuit arrangement according to claim 7, in which the control unit (11) is arranged for control of the changeover switch (10) in dependence on the temperature.
  9. Circuit arrangement according to claim 7, in which the control unit (11) is arranged for control of a switch (9) which can interrupt the entire voltage supply.
  10. Circuit arrangement according to claim 9, in which the direct voltage is generated by rectification of the mains voltage in a mains rectifier (3) and the switch (9) is arranged on an alternating current side of the mains rectifier (3) and can interrupt the alternating current feed.
  11. Circuit arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the direct voltage is produced by rectification of the mains voltage in a mains rectifier (3) and a thermoswitch (6) is thermally coupled with the Peltier module (1), which thermoswitch on exceeding of a defined temperature of the Peltier module (1) interrupts the alternating current feed to the mains rectifier (3).
  12. Circuit arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the direct voltage is produced by rectification of the mains voltage in a mains rectifier (3) and for stabilisation of the rectified voltage a buffer capacitor (4) is arranged downstream of the mains rectifier (3) on a direct current side, wherein the charging current at the buffer capacitor (4) is limited by a charging current limiter (5).
  13. Circuit arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the direct voltage is produced by rectification of the mains voltage in a mains rectifier (3) and a choke (8) for power factor correction is connected upstream of the mains rectifier (3) on an alternating current side.
  14. Circuit arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, in which:
    - the direct voltage is produced by rectification of the mains voltage, particularly of 230 V alternating current, in a mains rectifier (3), and
    - the number of Peltier elements (2) and the manufacturer type of the Peltier elements (2) are so selected that the Peltier elements (2) of the series arrangement are operated by loading of the series arrangement with the rectified mains voltage at an operating point suitable, in particular optimised, for use of the Peltier module (1) in a Peltier heat pump.
EP06830086A 2005-12-15 2006-11-23 Circuit arrangement comprising a peltier module Not-in-force EP1966429B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102005060040A DE102005060040A1 (en) 2005-12-15 2005-12-15 Circuit arrangement for a Peltier module
PCT/EP2006/068802 WO2007071517A1 (en) 2005-12-15 2006-11-23 Circuit arrangement for a peltier module

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EP1966429A1 EP1966429A1 (en) 2008-09-10
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CN101471337B (en) * 2007-12-28 2012-03-14 富士迈半导体精密工业（上海）有限公司 Light source die set with good radiating performance

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EP1966429A1 (en) 2008-09-10
KR101306378B1 (en) 2013-09-09
WO2007071517A1 (en) 2007-06-28
US20090031734A1 (en) 2009-02-05
KR20080089346A (en) 2008-10-06
DE102005060040A1 (en) 2007-06-21
DE502006006612D1 (en) 2010-05-12
ATE462820T1 (en) 2010-04-15

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