EP1961275A1 - Ensemble circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner des lampes à décharge à haute pression - Google Patents

Ensemble circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner des lampes à décharge à haute pression

Info

Publication number
EP1961275A1
EP1961275A1 EP06830240A EP06830240A EP1961275A1 EP 1961275 A1 EP1961275 A1 EP 1961275A1 EP 06830240 A EP06830240 A EP 06830240A EP 06830240 A EP06830240 A EP 06830240A EP 1961275 A1 EP1961275 A1 EP 1961275A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
lamp
supply voltage
circuit arrangement
operating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06830240A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Warren Moskowitz
Joachim MÜHLSCHLEGEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Osram GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram GmbH filed Critical Osram GmbH
Publication of EP1961275A1 publication Critical patent/EP1961275A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2921—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2923—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal power supply conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating high-pressure gas discharge lamps.
  • High-pressure gas discharge lamps are also referred to below as lamps.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating such lamps.
  • the invention deals with the avoidance of acoustic resonances which can occur during the operation of these lamps.
  • ballasts have tet Spread ⁇ who operate the lamp in the so-called square-wave operation.
  • the rectangular operation requires a high circuit complexity, which is why there are efforts to operate the lamp despite the risk of acoustic resonances in the so-called.
  • High frequency operation In this operation, the lamps with an AC in the specified Frequency range fed, because just in this frequency range, an operating device is particularly inexpensive reali ⁇ sierbar.
  • a disadvantage of the described prior art is that a frequency range must be sought in which the lamp has only weak resonances.
  • the Brafrequenzbe ⁇ rich, which is covered by the modulation thus avoids frequency ranges in which strong main resonances of the lamp to be operated occur.
  • This results in the prior art that a frequency range in which the operating frequency moves, must be adapted to the lamp to be operated.
  • the prior art does not warrant that two lamps have comparable performance data can be operated on the same operating device.
  • the inverter gas discharge lamp supplies the high pressure a lamp current that is in Wesent ⁇ union, an alternating current with a modulated operating frequency which continuously oscillates within a range between a minimum frequency and a maximum frequency
  • a coupling network which is connected between the inverter and the lamp and has a transfer function which describes the dependence of the amplitude of the lamp current on the operating frequency
  • At the difference between maximum value and minimum ⁇ value is at least 50 V.
  • the expression of the resonance points of the lamp generally decreases with increasing frequency. Ie. At low frequencies, it is critical to provide the lamp with much energy because strong resonances can form. At higher frequencies, however, the lamp more energy can be fed, since the resonances are less pronounced there.
  • the coupling network generally has a low-pass character. Ie. At low frequencies, the lamp is fed more energy than at high frequencies.
  • the invention is now based on the finding that the frequency dependence of the coupling network can trigger the instability of the lamp, because it is just the frequencies are less attenuated at which strong resonances occur. It follows from this finding that the Frequenzabphasen ⁇ must be compensated dependence of the coupling network. This is done according to the invention by a strong modulation of the supply voltage. In the time domain, the frequency dependence of the coupling network causes a decreasing amplitude of the lamp current with increasing frequency.
  • the frequency dependence of the Koppelnetz- factory shows the power spectrum of the lamp line such that the spectral power density decreases towards high frequencies from ⁇ .
  • the inventive strong modulation of the supply voltage is achieved that the amplitude of the Lam ⁇ penstroms is approximately independent of the frequency of the operating or even increases towards higher frequencies.
  • the power spectrum of the lamp power is evenly distributed or even increases towards higher frequencies.
  • the supply voltage passes between ei ⁇ nem maximum value and a minimum value, which is min ⁇ differ least 50 volts.
  • ⁇ is function of the coupling network compensated.
  • the modulation of the supply voltage alone, ie without modulation of the operating frequency, does not lead to a noticeable modulation of the lamp current and thus of the light current of an operated lamp.
  • the supply voltage is generally generated from a rectified mains voltage, which has twice the mains frequency.
  • the prior art attempts to filter the double mains frequency as completely as possible. Since this is not possible with reasonable effort, the supply voltage has a residual modulation of its amplitude at twice the mains frequency.
  • the Restmodula ⁇ tion is indeed low, but sufficient to control a modulator, which causes the frequency modulation of the operating frequency.
  • the inventive scarf ⁇ tion arrangement causes a time course of the supply voltage, which alone, ie without modulation of the operating frequency, quite a modulation of the lamp current and thus causes the luminous flux.
  • the Modula ⁇ acts tion of the lamp current through the modulation of the supply ⁇ the modulation voltage of the lamp current counter by the frequency modulation of the operating frequency. Both modulations compensate each other.
  • the overcompensation causes more energy to be coupled into the lamp as the operating frequency increases. This has an advantageous effect on the stability of the Lampenbe ⁇ drive, since resonance points of the lamp tend to be more attenuated with increasing frequency. The lamp thus translates more energy at operating frequencies where the resonant locations of the lamp are more heavily attenuated.
  • a modulator characteristic which can neutralize overcompensation to make the power spectrum of the lamp power substantially equal at all operating frequencies. For example, the length of time that the inverter generates a particular operating frequency decreases with increasing frequency. Ie. the switching transistors of the inverter are clocked at high frequencies for a shorter time than would be the case without overcompensation. This leads to a reduction of the switching losses in the switching transistors. High frequencies mean frequencies that are closer to the maximum frequency than the minimum frequency. An overcompensation can tion thus for stabilizing the lamp operation, or to encourage improvements ⁇ the efficiency of the circuit arrangement can be used. Mixed forms are also possible in which both advantages are exploited by the overcompensation being only partially neutralized by a modulator characteristic.
  • the line frequency does not have to be used to control a modulator. It is also possible to use another frequency which is less than approximately 1000 Hz and thus lies below the frequency range in which resonances occur.
  • the modulation of the operating frequency must also not be periodic. The modulation may, for example, be controlled by a noise generator or by chaos.
  • the supply voltage generally already has an amplitude modulation of twice the mains frequency, it is advantageous to use this modulation.
  • the time profile of the supply voltage is fed to a modulator input.
  • a modulator output controls the frequency that an oscillator provides as the operating frequency.
  • the modulator can vary the timing of the supply voltage in a temporal Implement the course of the operating frequency. Since the coupling network usually has a low-pass character and therefore strongly attenuates at high operating frequencies, it is advantageous that at the maximum of the supply voltage of the modulator sets the maximum frequency.
  • the relationship between operating frequency and supply voltage defines a modulator characteristic.
  • the modulator characteristic establishes a linear to ⁇ connexion with a modulation factor between operating frequency and supply voltage.
  • Frequency deviation of the operating frequency results in a necessary amplitude modulation of the supply voltage for a given coupling network to the o.
  • the modulation factor must therefore be set so that the compensation condition is met.
  • the time course of the modulation supply voltage is generally approximately sinusoidal. In the case of a linear modulator characteristic, the time profile of the operating frequency is then also sinusoidal.
  • the control of the operating frequency by the modulator can be extended to a control of the operating frequency.
  • the modulator requires a measuring input which is supplied with a measure of the amplitude of the lamp current or the power of the lamp.
  • the modulator sets its modulator characteristic or its modulation factor so that the measured value remains constant.
  • the amplitude modulation of the supply voltage can usually be set by selecting the value of a storage capacitor.
  • the storage capacitor is connected in parallel with the output of a device which provides the supply voltage.
  • this Einrich ⁇ tion consists of a rectifier, which is coupled to the mains voltage.
  • a power factor correction circuit provides the supply voltage. Then, the amplitude modulation of the supply voltage can also be adjusted by the control characteristics of the power factor correction circuit.
  • the inverter superimposed on the lamp current has a DC component whose sign alternates with an alternating frequency which is less than one tenth of the minimum frequency.
  • the DC component is generated by a bridge circuit whose switches have a duty factor that deviates from 50%.
  • the popular half-bridge inverter includes a first and a second switch. If a first time of the first switch is equal to a second time of the second switch, the half-bridge inverter generates a square wave voltage without DC component.
  • the AC voltage generated by the half-bridge inverter includes a DC component.
  • the asymmetry time is subtracted alternately between the first and the second on-time with the alternating frequency and added.
  • the change of asymmetry does not have to be abrupt. Less stress on the components used, if the change from subtracting to adding the asymmetry time is continuous.
  • the time profile of the value of the asymmetry times can be triangular. At any time, the sum of the asymmetry times of the first and second switches is zero.
  • the power spectrum of the Lam ⁇ comprises pen juice play in a frequency range between twice the minimum frequency and twice the maximum frequency.
  • additional components occur in a frequency range between the minimum frequency and the maximum frequency. It also shares above double the maximum frequency, but generally play no role in terms of stable lamp operation.
  • Will be twice the minimum frequency greater than the maximum frequency is generated between the maximum frequency and twice the minimum frequency a spectral gap in which no power to the lamp till ⁇ .
  • the minimum frequency and the maximum frequency are selected so that particularly pronounced resonances of the lamp fall into this spectral gap.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram for a circuit arrangement with which the invention can be realized
  • FIG. 2 shows the time profile of a supply voltage and a rectified mains voltage
  • 3 shows output voltage the time characteristic of an AC output ⁇ lessons and a lamp current
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a circuit ⁇ arrangement, with which the present invention can be realized.
  • the circuit arrangement has two input terminals Jl and J2 to which a rectified mains voltage can be connected.
  • the input terminals J1 and J2 are coupled to a PFC stage which effects a power factor correction and provides a supply voltage Us.
  • Parallel to the supply voltage Us a storage capacitor Cl is connected, which is to buffer the supply voltage Us.
  • a value of 4.7 microfarads has proved to be favorable for the storage capacitor Cl. With this value, an alternating component for the supply voltage with which the invention can be realized.
  • a potential of the supply voltage serves as the reference potential GND of the circuit arrangement.
  • the supply voltage represents the power supply for an inverter, which is designed as a half-bridge inverter. It comprises the series connection of an upper and a lower switch Tl and T2, which are connected in parallel to the supply voltage.
  • the switches are designed as a MOSFET, but can also be designed as other semicon ⁇ terschalter.
  • Source of the upper switch Tl is connected to the drain of the lower switch at the connection point ⁇ M connected.
  • the control terminals of the switches, in the present case the gates of Tl and T2 are connected to a control device Cont.
  • the spainrich- tung Cont is also connected to the connection point M, the SpeI ⁇ sebond Us, and the reference potential GND.
  • the control device Cont comprises an oscillator which generates an operating frequency with which the gates of the switches Tl and T2 are alternately driven. This results in the connection point M with respect to the jacketspoten ⁇ cial GND a rectangular AC voltage Uw, whose amplitude follows the supply voltage and the frequency corresponds to the operating frequency.
  • the alternating voltage Uw represents the inverter output voltage of the half-bridge inverter.
  • a series circuit consisting of a lamp inductor Ll and two capacitors C2 and C3 forms a coupling network which is connected between the connection point M and the reference ⁇ potential GND.
  • a lamp Lp can be coupled to the capacitor C3 via terminals J3 and J4.
  • an ignition device that briefly provides a high voltage to start the lamp.
  • the coupling network accomplishes an impedance transformation from the AC voltage Uw to the lamp. It can also contain a transformer.
  • the impedance transformation of the coupling network has a transfer function which describes the frequency dependence of the lamp current Il relative to the AC voltage Uw.
  • the transfer function has band pass character.
  • the operating frequency is always above the resonance frequency of the transfer function, so that a Switching relief of the switches Sl and S2 can be used. Above the resonance frequency has to the delegation ⁇ -cleaning function to a low-pass character.
  • the control device Cont comprises a modulator with a modulator output.
  • the modulator output is coupled to the oscillator such that the operating frequency can be influenced by the modulator.
  • the modulator is controllable via a modulator input, which is coupled to the supply voltage. This results in an operating frequency which depends on the supply voltage.
  • the modulator consists of a resistor which is connected between the supply voltage and one at the point in the oscillator to which a magnitude is applied which influences the operating frequency.
  • the modulator can also be realized by a microcontroller in which a modulator characteristic is stored by software.
  • the modulator characteristic can also be tuned to a lamp to be operated in an optimization process. Other frequency-dependent effects which are not based on the coupling network can also be taken into account in the modulator characteristic. For example Zulei ⁇ may obligations or the lamp itself have a frequency dependence.
  • Figure 2 shows in curve 2 the time course of a rectified mains voltage, as it is measurable at the terminals Jl and J2 of Figure 1.
  • this is a 230 Veff mains voltage with a mains frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the time profile of the supply voltage Us from FIG. 1 is shown by way of example.
  • the AC voltage component of the supply voltage has an amplitude of nearly 12Vpp up.
  • the skilled person will also try to keep the supply voltage as constant as possible.
  • the storage capacitor Cl and / or the regulation of the power factor circuit PFC is chosen so that a much greater fluctuation than in the prior art arises.
  • the supply voltage Us is a sinusoidal Amplitu ⁇ denmodulation between about 380 V and about 500 V on. This results in an amplitude of the AC voltage component of the supply voltage of about 120 Vpp. Ie.
  • the difference between maximum values and minimum value of the supply voltage amounts to 120 V. Investigations have shown that a stable and flicker-free operation of different lamps is possible from a difference of 50 V and a difference between maximum frequency and minimum frequency of 10 kHz.
  • FIG. 3 shows in the upper part the time profile of the envelope of the inverter output voltage Uw from FIG. 1.
  • the lower limit of the envelope is zero, and corresponds to the voltage which is present at the connection point M when the switch T2 is closed.
  • the upper limit of the envelope corresponds to the voltage applied to the connection point M when the switch Tl is closed ge ⁇ . It can be clearly seen how the upper limit of the envelope follows the value of the supply voltage from FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows in the lower part the time profile of the envelope of the lamp current II from FIG. 1. Both the lower and the upper limit of the envelope of the lamp current II show hardly any fluctuations, although the amplitude of the inverter output voltage Uw is as shown in FIG. ren part of Figure 3 shown a strong modulation on ⁇ points. This is advantageously achieved in that the amplitude modulation of the inverter output voltage Uw is just so strong that the transfer function of the coupling network is compensated in conjunction with a Frequenzmodulati ⁇ on the operating frequency.
  • FIG. 4a shows the spectral power density log PL of the power fed into the lamp Lp in logarithmic representation.
  • the occurring frequencies are doubled compared to the spectrum of the lamp current Il.
  • the frequency band between ⁇ 360 kHz and 620 kHz, which results from a frequency modulation of the operating frequency between a minimum frequency of 180 kHz and a maximum frequency of 310 kHz.
  • the power density is band in this frequency ⁇ substantially constant. This is an advantageous consequence of the compensation of the transfer function of the coupling network.
  • FIG. 4a shows a further frequency band in which power is coupled into the lamp.
  • This frequency band is produced by the above-described direct component, which is superimposed on the lamp current Il.
  • the amplitude of this frequency band depends on the value of the superimposed DC component.
  • the DC component is only small.
  • FIG. 4b shows another example of a power density spectrum of a lamp power in which a stronger DC component was selected.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble circuit destiné à fournir une puissance de lampe à une lampe à décharge à haute pression (Lp) sous la forme d'un courant alternatif présentant une fréquence de service. Cette fréquence de service est modulée dans de larges limites, de sorte qu'aucune résonance acoustique ne se forme dans la lampe. Une modulation d'amplitude par la réponse en fréquence d'un réseau de connexion est compensée par une modulation d'amplitude d'une tension d'alimentation.
EP06830240A 2005-12-14 2006-11-30 Ensemble circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner des lampes à décharge à haute pression Withdrawn EP1961275A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005059763A DE102005059763A1 (de) 2005-12-14 2005-12-14 Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben von Hochdruck-Gasentladungslampen
PCT/EP2006/069139 WO2007068601A1 (fr) 2005-12-14 2006-11-30 Ensemble circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner des lampes à décharge à haute pression

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1961275A1 true EP1961275A1 (fr) 2008-08-27

Family

ID=37728276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06830240A Withdrawn EP1961275A1 (fr) 2005-12-14 2006-11-30 Ensemble circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner des lampes à décharge à haute pression

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8283872B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1961275A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4991752B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101331807B (fr)
CA (1) CA2633449A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005059763A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007068601A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200804375B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2103193B1 (fr) 2006-12-18 2010-10-20 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Montage électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner une lampe à décharge à haute pression
JP4636169B2 (ja) * 2008-12-11 2011-02-23 ウシオ電機株式会社 高圧放電ランプ点灯装置
DE102010005276B4 (de) 2010-01-21 2019-02-28 Texas Instruments Deutschland Gmbh Elektronische Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Frequenzmodulationsindexes und Verfahren zur Frequenzmodulation

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3149526A1 (de) 1981-12-14 1983-06-23 Philips Patentverwaltung Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb von hochdruck-gasentladungslampen
DE4234358A1 (de) 1992-10-12 1993-02-25 Juerg Nigg Verfahren zum betrieb einer gasentladungs- oder fluoreszenzlampe und vorschaltgeraet hierfuer sowie verwendungen hierfuer
US5404082A (en) 1993-04-23 1995-04-04 North American Philips Corporation High frequency inverter with power-line-controlled frequency modulation
JPH06318496A (ja) 1993-05-10 1994-11-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 放電灯点灯装置
US5428268A (en) * 1993-07-12 1995-06-27 Led Corporation N.V. Low frequency square wave electronic ballast for gas discharge
US5684367A (en) 1996-01-16 1997-11-04 Osram Sylvania Inc. Color control and arc stabilization for high-intensity, discharge lamps
US6483252B2 (en) 2000-12-08 2002-11-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Optimal FM for HF operation of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps
US6680585B2 (en) 2001-12-17 2004-01-20 Osram Sylvania Inc. Method and apparatus for modulating HID ballast operating frequency using DC bus ripple voltage
CN1613277B (zh) 2002-01-08 2011-04-20 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于气体放电灯的电路和操作方法
JP4569067B2 (ja) 2002-05-29 2010-10-27 東芝ライテック株式会社 高圧放電ランプ点灯装置及び照明装置
US7758738B2 (en) * 2002-08-07 2010-07-20 National Tank Company Separating multiple components of a stream
JP4087292B2 (ja) * 2003-05-26 2008-05-21 三菱電機株式会社 高輝度放電ランプ点灯装置およびその点灯方法
DE102004004828A1 (de) 2004-01-30 2005-08-18 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Betriebsverfahren für den Resonanzbetrieb von Hochdrucklampen im longitudinalen Mode und zugehöriges System und EVG

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2007068601A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101331807A (zh) 2008-12-24
DE102005059763A1 (de) 2007-06-21
ZA200804375B (en) 2009-03-25
US8283872B2 (en) 2012-10-09
US20090224684A1 (en) 2009-09-10
JP4991752B2 (ja) 2012-08-01
CA2633449A1 (fr) 2007-06-21
CN101331807B (zh) 2013-02-27
WO2007068601A1 (fr) 2007-06-21
JP2009519569A (ja) 2009-05-14

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