EP1958217A2 - Electrical winding - Google Patents

Electrical winding

Info

Publication number
EP1958217A2
EP1958217A2 EP06830352A EP06830352A EP1958217A2 EP 1958217 A2 EP1958217 A2 EP 1958217A2 EP 06830352 A EP06830352 A EP 06830352A EP 06830352 A EP06830352 A EP 06830352A EP 1958217 A2 EP1958217 A2 EP 1958217A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
insulating material
electrical
electrical winding
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06830352A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1958217B1 (en
Inventor
Fritz Sorg
Mirko Windisch
Volker Wandelt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Steinert Elektromagnetbau GmbH
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Steinert Elektromagnetbau GmbH
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steinert Elektromagnetbau GmbH, Siemens AG filed Critical Steinert Elektromagnetbau GmbH
Priority to PL06830352T priority Critical patent/PL1958217T3/en
Publication of EP1958217A2 publication Critical patent/EP1958217A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1958217B1 publication Critical patent/EP1958217B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2871—Pancake coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/323—Insulation between winding turns, between winding layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/12—Insulating of windings
    • H01F41/122—Insulating between turns or between winding layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823—Wires
    • H01F27/2828—Construction of conductive connections, of leads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/10—Connecting leads to windings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical winding with a metallic winding conductor which forms individual windings, the metallic winding conductor having a metallic conductor and an electrically insulating material enclosing the metallic conductor. Furthermore, the invention relates to electrical insulation of a metallic, electrical conductor and the formation of an anodized Al strip for electrical windings.
  • an electrical winding in particular for use as a primary - or secondary Wick ⁇ lung in transformer - ter is electrically isolate the electrical Wicklungslei ⁇ .
  • the winding conductor is continuously wound on a carrier, in the following the single winding of the winding conductor around the carrier is defined as a single winding.
  • the individual windings of the electrical winding conductor lying immediately after a winding must have electrical insulation with such an insulation effect that a voltage breakdown between the individual windings or within the winding is prevented.
  • the use of a metallic conductor, in particular aluminum tape, in conjunction with a layer insulation (Geafol technique), which is usually made of plastics, is known, particularly for use in the medium and high voltage range.
  • DE 40 06 697 A1 describes a transformer of small size, the primary and secondary windings being wound around a core in such a way that they overlap one another and at least one of the primary and secondary windings has a sheathed conductor made of insulating plastic.
  • the isolation can also be prepared from a ren On the other insulation material such as a resin, hen best ⁇ .
  • DE 69 629 318 T2 describes a dry-insulated transformer whose high-voltage winding contains an insulating sleeve made of thermoplastic resin and whose low-voltage winding is encased by an electrically conductive resin.
  • the task of the present development is therefore to provide an electrical winding which ensures adequate insulation and nevertheless has good thermal conductivity properties.
  • the object is achieved in that the me ⁇ -metallic winding conductor has a metalli ⁇ the surface of the conductor's enveloping metal oxide layer.
  • the metal oxide layer is produced by means of an electrolytical oxidation process (Eloxation).
  • Eloxation electrolytical oxidation process
  • the electrical winding according to the invention preferably consists of a strip material with an aluminum conductor which is coated with an aluminum oxide layer.
  • the electrically insulating material has a variable thickness depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding. Reaches the thickness of the anodized layer to insulate not exclude a conductor Mate ⁇ according to the invention can also additional insulation of reduced thickness are introduced, as when using rials without anodic coating.
  • the combination of the insulating metal oxide layer and the electrically insulating material above prevents the voltage breakdown between the individual windings lying next to each other.
  • the purpose maximum required dielectric strength varies ⁇ but within the electrical winding, in particular due to structural and physical, for example due to non linea ⁇ rer surge voltage distribution or thermal conditions within the winding.
  • maximum required surfaces within the electrical winding is also the thickness of the electrically insulating material verwen- Deten adjusted.
  • the greater the required maximum dielectric strength in a certain region of the electrical winding the greater the thickness of the insulation, for example the thickness and / or the material properties, in particular the insulation class. se, of the electrically insulating material, in the respective segment of the electrical winding. This allows the size of the electrical winding to be reduced and, at the same time, the electrical insulating material to be used in a more targeted and therefore more cost-effective manner.
  • the thickness of the metal oxide layer on the metallic conductors in the manner is varied in that, depending on the maximum REQUIRED ⁇ chen withstand voltage, an insulation property is further added within the electrical winding.
  • an insulation property is further added within the electrical winding.
  • thermal conditions within the electrical winding of the thickness of the electrically insulating material and / or the variation of the thickness of the metal oxide can thus be due to a variation in each case a fine-tuned isolation for the ready ⁇ provide electrical winding.
  • the metal oxide layer on the metallic conductor has a constant thickness and the thickness of the electrically insulating material varies depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding.
  • the metal oxide layer such case ⁇ play the anodized layer on an aluminum conductor has good temperature properties, and therefore reduces the thermal load on the electrical winding.
  • the electrically insulating material has a variable thickness and / or variable material properties.
  • the electrically insulating material is more strongly shaped and has a greater thickness and / or better material properties, such as a higher-quality insulation material classification.
  • an electrically insulating material such as a plastic film, correspondingly thinner selected and / or reduced Materialei ⁇ be used properties.
  • the thickness of the electrically insulating material are almost to zero Bezie ⁇ hung cases even omitted entirely locally, so that the insulation effect between the individual windings on the corresponding points only, due to the metal oxide layer of the electrical winding conductor is given.
  • the invention provides that the elekt ⁇ driven insulating material has a constant thickness and / or kon ⁇ stante material property, in particular with respect to their iso ⁇ lierstofftex, comprising and depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding, the metal oxide layer has a different thickness.
  • a constant thickness and / or material properties of the electrically insulating material a minimal insulation property is specified for the electrical winding.
  • the thickness of the metal oxide layer is adjusted depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding.
  • the maximum he ⁇ ford variable dielectric strength within the electrical winding the nature of the metal oxide layer varies in dependency.
  • a thin film is run in during the winding process. If the dielectric strength at the most stressed point is still not sufficient, a second or even third film (parallel) can be run in here. In this way, need be used for the winding process only 2 Materials: a) Wi ⁇ ckelmaterial same with anodized coating thickness and b) the film of the same thickness. This does not require retooling during the winding process and allows an effective Mate ⁇ rialfoli of the materials.
  • the purity of the anodized or carried on ⁇ metal has a large influence on the insulation and thermal properties of the electrical winding.
  • Impurities in the metal oxide layer affect the insulation and heat properties.
  • Appropriate through targeted use of output and oxidation products to produce the metal oxide and corresponding manufacturing methods are opinion within the electrical winding affects the insulating properties, depending on the maximum required dielectric strength, making it ideal for space-saving in the OF INVENTION ⁇ to the invention implemented electrical winding.
  • the maximum required voltage ⁇ varies depending strength within the electrical winding, the contractual quality of the electrically insulating material.
  • the electrically insulating material layers placed ⁇ builds.
  • the layer-by-layer structure ensures that in the event of damage to a layer, even a microscopic one, for example a plastic film layer, the adjacent layers of the electrically insulating material ensure insulation of the electrical winding.
  • the variation of the material properties of the respective plastic film layer can be adapted, in particular depending on the dielectric strength. Only if the electrically insulating material is completely damaged at one point is there no longer an insulating effect of the electrically insulating material.
  • the metal oxide layer can be built up in layers.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the electrical winding is characterized in that the surface of the metal oxide ⁇ layer and the electrically insulating material are so ⁇ beschaf fen that no relative displacements talloxidtik between the metal contact and the electrically insulating material on ⁇ . , In particular roughened by use of a, surface is ensured, is that during the manufacturing ⁇ process and during operation, a displacement of the e lectric insulating material and the conductor relative to-each other out, and thus a frequent and time- ⁇ expensive follow-up of the electric Winding is not necessary with regard to its insulation properties.
  • the electrically insulating mate rial ⁇ advantageously contains paints, plastics, insbeson ⁇ particular plastic film and / or paper, wherein the electrically insulating material is advantageously listed in layers is built and the electrically insulating material at least partially surrounds the metal oxide layer.
  • an anodized aluminum tape as an electrical winding with insulating material, in particular if the value of the winding voltage should correspond to the value of the layer voltage in the sense of a high breakdown protection of electrical windings.
  • the anodized Al strip as the metallic winding conductor with Me ⁇ is first on the removable support talloxid für wound into a coil, then several ⁇ re coils as segments of a total winding with taps electrically connected in series arranged and tikwicklung in the Ge ⁇ at the entrance and coils located at the exit are supplemented with additional layers of insulating material, which may consist of additional layers of foil.
  • Punctual additional insulation is provided on the taps at the beginning / end of the coils or the overall winding, whereby the punctual additional insulation should also consist of a film, paper or insulating varnish.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of an electrical winding conductor according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a single ⁇ winding the electrical winding according to the invention during the winding process; 3 shows a schematically merged representation of configurations of an AI tape as coils (6.1) for electrical windings (6) to form an overall winding in segments; Fig. 4 sections of Figure 3 through the overall winding.
  • FIG. 5 sections of Fig. 3 through a segment with taps (8) of the overall winding.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the metallic winding conductor 4 according to the invention.
  • the metallic winding conductor 4 consists of a metallic aluminum conductor 1, at least one aluminum oxide layer 2 and an ner electrical plastic insulation film 3, the metal oxide layer ⁇ 2 encloses or at least between two disclosed Benach ⁇ superposed individual windings is located. If segments are connected in series, only the final segments receive this additional insulation, the segments in between are designed without additional insulation, except for the areas with taps.
  • the electrical winding conductor 4 can either be completely enclosed by a metal oxide layer 2 or, alternatively, a metal oxide layer 2 can only be present at certain points on the metallic conductor 1. In the example shown in FIG.
  • a metal oxide layer 2 is shown on the conductor 1 as a sheath with a constant thickness, which is enclosed by an electrically insulating material 3 with a variable thickness.
  • the electrically insulating material 3 can either be wrapped around the metallic conductor 1 as an additional sheathing or as an intermediate layer, or alternatively it can only be placed on the metallic conductor 1 or on the metal oxide layer 2 of the electrical conductor 1 (at certain points.
  • FIG. 2 shows an electrical winding 6 according to the invention, the metallic conductor 1, the metal oxide layer 2 and the electrically insulating material 3 being wound onto a carrier 5 in the form of a plastic film.
  • the metal oxide layer 2 is arranged at least on the top and bottom of the metallic conductor 1.
  • the carrier 5 is preferably formed as a cylindrical body and ensures, in the course of the manufacturing process of the electrical winding, that the electrically insulating material 3 and the metallic conductor 1 with the metal oxide layer 2 are each wound one above the other in defined paths.
  • the winding conductor 4 thus formed is continuously wound onto the carrier 5 during the manufacturing process.
  • Axial direction in the present example shown in FIG. 2 there is only one insulation effect with respect to the metal oxide layer 2 in the axial direction.
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 shows schematically the Ausbil ⁇ dung of an AI belt as windings for electric 6.1 Wick ⁇ lungs 6 to an application in segments total winding as it may be used in a transformer.
  • FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity alone, the configurations of the Al tape are shown schematically merged as windings 6 to form the overall winding carried out in segments.
  • the Al band forms the metallic conductor 1 and the metallic winding conductor 4 and its sheathing anodized layer forms the metal oxide layer 2.
  • the anodized Al band is wound on the removable carrier 5 (FIG. 2) to form a coil 6.
  • FIG. 3 The arrangement and electrically connected connection of several coils 6 as segments of the overall winding with taps 8 can be seen in FIG. 3.
  • the coil 6 lying in the overall winding at the entrance is supplemented with layers 3.1 of insulating material 3 which are additionally wound only at the beginning 7, the subsequent coil 6 only has layers of the e- anodized AI tape as a metallic conductor 1 with a metal oxide layer 2 and the coil 6 lying in the overall winding at the output is in turn supplemented with layers 3.1 of insulating material 3 additionally wound at the other end 7 thereof.
  • FIG. 4 show sections according to Fig. 3 se ⁇ by the total coil and analogous to FIG. 5 sections, each by one segment with taps 8, the overall winding from which selective in connection with FIG. 3 additional insulations 9 on the
  • the additional layers 3.1 and the punctual additional insulation 9 on the taps 8 at the beginning / end of the overall winding 7 consist of plastic film, paper or lacquer and the connections of the taps 8, not shown, and the connections for winding or coil start and winding or End of coil made of non-anodized AI tape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)

Abstract

An electrical winding contains a metallic winding conductor forming individual windings. The metallic winding conductor contains a metallic conductor and an electrically insulating material surrounding the metallic conductor. An insulation inside the electrical winding can be ensured in a targeted manner by combining an electrically insulating material with a metal oxide layer surrounding the metallic winding conductor, according to the maximum electric strength required inside the electrical winding. In this way, a reduced-size electrical winding can be produced with improved heat properties. An electrical insulation of a metallic electric conductor is further described.

Description

Elektrische Wicklung Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Wicklung mit einem metallischen Wicklungsleiter, der Einzelwicklungen ausbildet, wobei der metallische Wicklungsleiter einen metallischen Leiter und ein den metallischen Leiter umschließendes elektrisch isolierendes Material aufweist. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfin- düng eine elektrische Isolierung eines metallischen, elektrischen Leiters sowie die Ausbildung eines eloxierten AI-Bandes für elektrische Wicklungen. Electrical winding The invention relates to an electrical winding with a metallic winding conductor which forms individual windings, the metallic winding conductor having a metallic conductor and an electrically insulating material enclosing the metallic conductor. Furthermore, the invention relates to electrical insulation of a metallic, electrical conductor and the formation of an anodized Al strip for electrical windings.
Bei der Herstellung einer elektrischen Wicklung, insbesondere zur Verwendung als primäre - beziehungsweise sekundäre Wick¬ lung im Transformatorbau - ist der elektrische Wicklungslei¬ ter elektrisch zu isolieren. Der Wicklungsleiter wird kontinuierlich auf einen Träger gewickelt, wobei im Folgenden die einmalige Wicklung des Wicklungsleiters um den Träger als Einzelwicklung definiert wird. Insbesondere die unmittelbar nach einer Wicklung liegenden Einzelwicklungen des elektrischen Wicklungsleiters müssen eine elektrische Isolation mit einer solchen Isolationswirkung aufweisen, dass ein Spannungsdurchschlag zwischen den Einzelwicklungen bzw. innerhalb der Wicklung verhindert wird. Vor allem für die Verwendung im Mittel- und Hochspannungsbereich ist die Verwendung eines metallischen Leiters, insbesondere Aluminiumband, in Verbindung mit einer meist aus Kunststoffen bestehenden Lagenisolation (Geafol-Technik) bekannt. In the production of an electrical winding, in particular for use as a primary - or secondary Wick ¬ lung in transformer - ter is electrically isolate the electrical Wicklungslei ¬. The winding conductor is continuously wound on a carrier, in the following the single winding of the winding conductor around the carrier is defined as a single winding. In particular, the individual windings of the electrical winding conductor lying immediately after a winding must have electrical insulation with such an insulation effect that a voltage breakdown between the individual windings or within the winding is prevented. The use of a metallic conductor, in particular aluminum tape, in conjunction with a layer insulation (Geafol technique), which is usually made of plastics, is known, particularly for use in the medium and high voltage range.
Nachteilig bei dieser Technik ist jedoch, dass die verwende¬ ten Kunststoffe schlechte Temperatureigenschaften aufweisen und daher die so hergestellte elektrische Wicklung entweder zusätzliche Kühlsysteme aufweisen beziehungsweise baulich größer als erforderlich dimensioniert werden muss. However, a disadvantage with this technique is that the use ¬ th plastics have poor temperature characteristics and therefore the electrical winding thus produced either have additional cooling systems or must be structurally larger than necessary.
So beschreibt zum Beispiel die DE 40 06 697 Al einen Trans- formator kleiner Größe, wobei die Primär- und Sekundärwicklungen derart um einen Kern gewickelt sind, dass sie einander übergreifen und wenigstens eine der Primär- und Sekundärwicklungen einen ummantelnden Leiter aus isolierendem Kunststoff aufweist. Die Isolierung kann alternativ auch aus einem ande- ren Isolationsmaterial, wie zum Beispiel einem Harz, beste¬ hen. So beschreibt zum Beispiel die DE 69 629 318 T2 einen trocken isolierten Transformator, dessen Oberspannungswicklung eine Isolierhülle aus thermoplastischem Harz enthält und dessen Unterspannungswicklung durch ein elektrisch leitfähi- ges Harz umhüllt ist. For example, DE 40 06 697 A1 describes a transformer of small size, the primary and secondary windings being wound around a core in such a way that they overlap one another and at least one of the primary and secondary windings has a sheathed conductor made of insulating plastic. The isolation can also be prepared from a ren On the other insulation material such as a resin, hen best ¬. For example, DE 69 629 318 T2 describes a dry-insulated transformer whose high-voltage winding contains an insulating sleeve made of thermoplastic resin and whose low-voltage winding is encased by an electrically conductive resin.
Bei der Herstellung von elektrischen Wicklungen im niederen Spannungsbereich können aufgrund der verringerten Durchschlagsspannungen auch dünne Isolierungen benutzt werden. Hierbei wird ein Aluminiumleiter verwendet, auf dessen Oberfläche mittels Eloxation eine Aluminiumoxidschicht gebildet wird, die nach der Wicklung dieses so hergestellten Wicklungsleiters eine ausreichende Isolation bereitstellt. Bei der Verwendung von hohen Spannungen und/oder Strömen ist die- se Form der Isolation jedoch nicht mehr ausreichend. In the manufacture of electrical windings in the low voltage range, thin insulation can also be used due to the reduced breakdown voltages. Here, an aluminum conductor is used, on the surface of which an aluminum oxide layer is formed by means of anodization, which provides sufficient insulation after the winding of this winding conductor produced in this way. When using high voltages and / or currents, however, this form of insulation is no longer sufficient.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Entwicklung ist es daher, eine e- lektrische Wicklung bereitzustellen, die eine ausreichende Isolation gewährleistet und dennoch gute Wärmeleiteigenschaf- ten aufweist. Dabei sollen entsprechend den jeweiligen Anfor¬ derungen Betriebstemperaturen, Leitungsverluste, Leiterquerschnitte sowie Wärmeverluste verringert werden und somit zu kleineren Baumasse mit geringeren Gewichten und Zusatzisolationen führen. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass der me¬ tallische Wicklungsleiter eine die Oberfläche des metalli¬ schen Leiters umhüllende Metalloxidschicht aufweist. Vorteil¬ hafterweise wird die Metalloxidschicht mittels eines elektro- lytischen Oxidationsverfahrens (Eloxation) erzeugt. Alterna¬ tiv ist die separate Auftragung einer Metalloxidschicht auf den metallischen Leiter, wie z.B. Verkleben oder Verlöten, möglich. Bevorzugt besteht die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Wicklung aus einem Bandmaterial mit einem Aluminiumleiter, der mit einer Aluminiumoxidschicht überzogen ist. The task of the present development is therefore to provide an electrical winding which ensures adequate insulation and nevertheless has good thermal conductivity properties. Here are corresponding to the respective requirements Anfor ¬ operating temperatures, line losses, conductor cross-sections, and heat losses are reduced, thus leading to smaller building volume with lower weights and additional insulations. According to the invention the object is achieved in that the me ¬-metallic winding conductor has a metalli ¬ the surface of the conductor's enveloping metal oxide layer. ¬ advantage adhesive enough, the metal oxide layer is produced by means of an electrolytical oxidation process (Eloxation). Alterna ¬ tively, the separate application of a metal oxide layer on the metallic conductor, such as gluing or soldering possible. The electrical winding according to the invention preferably consists of a strip material with an aluminum conductor which is coated with an aluminum oxide layer.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Wicklung weist das elektrisch isolierende Material in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung eine variable Dicke auf. Reicht die Dicke der Eloxalschicht zur Isolation nicht aus, kann erfindungsgemäß auch eine Zusatzisolation geringerer Dicke eingebracht werden, wie bei Verwendung eines Leitermate¬ rials ohne Eloxalschicht. Die Kombination der isolierenden Metalloxidschicht und des darüber befindlichen elektrisch i- solierenden Materials verhindert den Spannungsdurchschlag zwischen den nebeneinander liegenden Einzelwicklungen. Die hierzu maximal erforderliche Spannungsfestigkeit variiert je¬ doch innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung, insbesondere auf- grund baulicher und physikalischer, z.B. aufgrund nichtlinea¬ rer Stoßspannungsverteilung oder thermischer Gegebenheiten, innerhalb der Wicklung. In Abhängigkeit dieser unterschiedli¬ chen maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeiten innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung ist ebenfalls die Dicke des verwen- deten elektrisch isolierenden Materials angepasst. Je größer die benötigte, maximal erforderliche Spannungsfestigkeit in einer bestimmten Region der elektrischen Wicklung ist, desto größer ist die Dicke der Isolation, z.B. die Dicke und/oder die Materialeigenschaften, insbesondere die Isolierstoffklas- se, des elektrisch isolierenden Materials, in dem jeweiligen Segment der elektrischen Wicklung. Hierdurch lässt sich die Baugröße der elektrischen Wicklung verkleinern und gleichzeitig das elektrisch isolierende Material gezielter und damit kostengünstiger einsetzen. Alternativ wird die Dicke der Metalloxidschicht auf dem metallischen Leiter in der Art und Weise variiert, dass in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderli¬ chen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung eine Isolationseigenschaft weiterhin gegeben ist. In Abhän- gigkeit der baulichen und insbesondere auch der physikali¬ schen, insbesondere thermischen Gegebenheiten, innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung lässt sich so aufgrund einer Variation der Dicke des elektrisch isolierenden Materials und/oder der Variation der Dicke der Metalloxidschicht eine jeweils genau abgestimmte Isolation für die elektrische Wicklung bereit¬ stellen . In a preferred embodiment of the electrical winding according to the invention, the electrically insulating material has a variable thickness depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding. Reaches the thickness of the anodized layer to insulate not exclude a conductor Mate ¬ according to the invention can also additional insulation of reduced thickness are introduced, as when using rials without anodic coating. The combination of the insulating metal oxide layer and the electrically insulating material above prevents the voltage breakdown between the individual windings lying next to each other. The purpose maximum required dielectric strength varies ¬ but within the electrical winding, in particular due to structural and physical, for example due to non linea ¬ rer surge voltage distribution or thermal conditions within the winding. In dependence of these differing voltage ¬ strengths maximum required surfaces within the electrical winding is also the thickness of the electrically insulating material verwen- Deten adjusted. The greater the required maximum dielectric strength in a certain region of the electrical winding, the greater the thickness of the insulation, for example the thickness and / or the material properties, in particular the insulation class. se, of the electrically insulating material, in the respective segment of the electrical winding. This allows the size of the electrical winding to be reduced and, at the same time, the electrical insulating material to be used in a more targeted and therefore more cost-effective manner. Alternatively, the thickness of the metal oxide layer on the metallic conductors in the manner is varied in that, depending on the maximum REQUIRED ¬ chen withstand voltage, an insulation property is further added within the electrical winding. In depen- of the structural and especially the physi ¬ dependence rule, particularly thermal conditions within the electrical winding of the thickness of the electrically insulating material and / or the variation of the thickness of the metal oxide can thus be due to a variation in each case a fine-tuned isolation for the ready ¬ provide electrical winding.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Wicklung weist die Metalloxidschicht auf dem me- tallischen Leiter eine konstante Dicke auf und in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung variiert die Dicke des elektrisch isolierenden Materials. Die Metalloxidschicht, wie zum Bei¬ spiel die Eloxalschicht auf einem Aluminiumleiter, besitzt gute Temperatureigenschaften und verringert somit die thermische Belastung der elektrischen Wicklung. In Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der e- lektrischen Wicklung ist erfindungsgemäß bei der Notwendig¬ keit einer erhöhten Isolation vorgesehen, dass das elektrisch isolierende Material eine variable Dicke und/oder variable Materialeigenschaften aufweist. Für den Fall einer erhöhten Anforderung an die Isolation zwischen den Einzelwicklungen ist das elektrisch isolierende Material stärker ausgeformt und besitzt eine größere Dicke und/oder bessere Materialei- genschaften, wie z.B. eine höherwertige Isolierstoffklassifi- kation. Umgekehrt ist in Regionen mit einer reduzierten Anforderung an die Isolationseigenschaften ein elektrisch isolierendes Material, wie zum Beispiel eine Kunststofffolie, entsprechend dünner gewählt und/oder verminderte Materialei¬ genschaften eingesetzt werden. Diese Materialeigenschaften der Kunststofffolie, wie z.B. die zugrunde gelegte Isolier¬ stoffklasse, können in Abhängigkeit von der notwendigen orts¬ abhängigen Spannungsfestigkeit variiert werden. In Abhängig- keit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung kann erfindungsgemäß die Dicke des elektrisch isolierenden Materials fast bis auf null bezie¬ hungsweise sogar lokal ganz weggelassen werden, so dass die Isolationswirkung zwischen den Einzelwicklungen an den ent- sprechenden Stellen nur aufgrund der Metalloxidschicht des elektrischen Wicklungsleiters gegeben ist . In an advantageous embodiment of the electrical winding according to the invention, the metal oxide layer on the metallic conductor has a constant thickness and the thickness of the electrically insulating material varies depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding. The metal oxide layer such case ¬ play the anodized layer on an aluminum conductor has good temperature properties, and therefore reduces the thermal load on the electrical winding. Depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the e- lektrischen winding of an increased insulation according to the invention in the necessary ¬ ness provided that the electrically insulating material has a variable thickness and / or variable material properties. In the event of increased demands on the insulation between the individual windings, the electrically insulating material is more strongly shaped and has a greater thickness and / or better material properties, such as a higher-quality insulation material classification. Conversely, in regions with a reduced requirement for the insulation properties, an electrically insulating material such as a plastic film, correspondingly thinner selected and / or reduced Materialei ¬ be used properties. These material properties of the plastic film, such as material class the underlying insulating ¬ can be varied depending on the necessary site-dependent voltage ¬ strength. As a function of the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding ness can according to the invention, the thickness of the electrically insulating material are almost to zero Bezie ¬ hung cases even omitted entirely locally, so that the insulation effect between the individual windings on the corresponding points only, due to the metal oxide layer of the electrical winding conductor is given.
Für den Fall, dass innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung bestimmte Mindestanforderungen an die elektrische Isolation ge- stellt sind, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass das elekt¬ risch isolierende Material eine konstante Dicke und/oder kon¬ stante Materialeigenschaft, insbesondere bezüglich ihrer Iso¬ lierstoffklasse, aufweist und in Abhängigkeit mit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung die Metalloxidschicht eine unterschiedliche Dicke besitzt. Durch die Vorgabe einer konstanten Dicke und/oder Materialeigenschaften des elektrisch isolierenden Materials wird eine minimale Isolationseigenschaft für die elektrische Wicklung vorgegeben. In Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderli- chen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung ist die Metalloxidschicht bezüglich ihrer Dicke angepasst. Vorteilhafterweise variiert in Abhängigkeit der maximal er¬ forderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung die Beschaffenheit der Metalloxidschicht. Zusätzlich und/oder alternativ lässt man während des Wicklungsprozesses eine dünne Folie mit einlaufen. Reicht die Spannungsfestigkeit an der höchst beanspruchten Stelle noch immer nicht aus, kann man hier eine zweite oder gar dritte Folie (parallel) einlaufen lassen. Hierdurch brauchen für den Wicklungsprozess nur 2 Materialien verwendet werden: a) Wi¬ ckelmaterial mit Eloxalschicht gleicher Dicke und b) Folie gleicher Dicke. Dies erfordert keine Umrüstvorgänge während des Wicklungsprozesses und ermöglicht einen effektiven Mate¬ rialeinsatz der Materialien. For the case that overall within the electrical winding certain minimum requirements for electrical isolation is, the invention provides that the elekt ¬ driven insulating material has a constant thickness and / or kon ¬ stante material property, in particular with respect to their iso ¬ lierstoffklasse, comprising and depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding, the metal oxide layer has a different thickness. By specifying a constant thickness and / or material properties of the electrically insulating material, a minimal insulation property is specified for the electrical winding. The thickness of the metal oxide layer is adjusted depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding. Advantageously, the maximum he ¬ ford variable dielectric strength within the electrical winding, the nature of the metal oxide layer varies in dependency. Additionally and / or alternatively, a thin film is run in during the winding process. If the dielectric strength at the most stressed point is still not sufficient, a second or even third film (parallel) can be run in here. In this way, need be used for the winding process only 2 Materials: a) Wi ¬ ckelmaterial same with anodized coating thickness and b) the film of the same thickness. This does not require retooling during the winding process and allows an effective Mate ¬ rialeinsatz of the materials.
Insbesondere die Reinheit der eloxierten beziehungsweise auf¬ getragenen Metalloxidschicht hat einen großen Einfluss auf die Isolations- und Wärmeeigenschaften der elektrischen Wicklung. Vor allem Unreinheiten innerhalb der Metalloxidschicht führen zu einer Beeinflussung der Isolations- und Wärmeeigenschaften. Durch gezielte Verwendung entsprechender Ausgangsund Oxidationsprodukte zur Herstellung der Metalloxidschicht und von entsprechenden Herstellungsmethoden werden in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit inner- halb der elektrischen Wicklung die Isolationseigenschaften beeinflusst und damit optimal und Platz sparend in der erfin¬ dungsgemäßen elektrischen Wicklung umgesetzt. Zusätzlich variiert in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungs¬ festigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung die Beschaf- fenheit des elektrisch isolierenden Materials. In particular, the purity of the anodized or carried on ¬ metal has a large influence on the insulation and thermal properties of the electrical winding. Impurities in the metal oxide layer, in particular, affect the insulation and heat properties. Appropriate through targeted use of output and oxidation products to produce the metal oxide and corresponding manufacturing methods are opinion within the electrical winding affects the insulating properties, depending on the maximum required dielectric strength, making it ideal for space-saving in the OF INVENTION ¬ to the invention implemented electrical winding. In addition, the maximum required voltage ¬ varies depending strength within the electrical winding, the contractual quality of the electrically insulating material.
Vorteilhafterweise enthält das elektrisch isolierende Materi¬ al Lacke, Kunststoffe, insbesondere Kunststofffolien, und/oder Papier. Erfindungsgemäß ist ebenfalls vorgesehen, dass das elektrisch isolierende Material schichtweise aufge¬ baut ist. Durch den schichtweisen Aufbau ist gewährleistet, dass bei der - auch mikroskopisch kleinen- Beschädigung einer Schicht, zum Beispiel einer Kunststofffolienschicht, die ne- beneinander liegenden Schichten des elektrisch isolierenden Materials eine Isolation der elektrischen Wicklung gewährleisten. Darüber hinaus kann die Variation der Materialeigenschaften der jeweiligen Kunststofffolienschicht, insbesondere in Abhängigkeit der Spannungsfestigkeit angepasst werden. Nur bei einer vollständigen Beschädigung des elektrisch isolierenden Materials an einer Stelle ist eine Isolationswirkung des elektrisch isolierenden Materials nicht mehr gegeben. Zusätzlich kann die Metalloxidschicht schichtweise aufgebaut werden . Advantageously, the electrically insulating Materi ¬ al paints, plastics, in particular plastic films, and / or paper. According to the invention, it is also provided that is that the electrically insulating material layers placed ¬ builds. The layer-by-layer structure ensures that in the event of damage to a layer, even a microscopic one, for example a plastic film layer, the adjacent layers of the electrically insulating material ensure insulation of the electrical winding. In addition, the variation of the material properties of the respective plastic film layer can be adapted, in particular depending on the dielectric strength. Only if the electrically insulating material is completely damaged at one point is there no longer an insulating effect of the electrically insulating material. In addition, the metal oxide layer can be built up in layers.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführung der elektrischen Wicklung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche der Metalloxid¬ schicht und des elektrisch isolierenden Materials so beschaf¬ fen sind, dass keine Relativverschiebungen zwischen der Me- talloxidschicht und dem elektrisch isolierendem Material auf¬ treten. Durch die Verwendung einer, insbesondere aufgerauten, Oberfläche ist gewährleistet, dass während des Herstellungs¬ prozesses und während des Betriebes eine Verschiebung des e- lektrisch isolierenden Materials und des Leiters relativ zu- einander ausgeschlossen ist und damit eine häufige und zeit¬ aufwendige Nachkontrolle der elektrischen Wicklung bezüglich ihrer Isolationseigenschaften nicht notwendig ist. An advantageous embodiment of the electrical winding is characterized in that the surface of the metal oxide ¬ layer and the electrically insulating material are so ¬ beschaf fen that no relative displacements talloxidschicht between the metal contact and the electrically insulating material on ¬. , In particular roughened by use of a, surface is ensured, is that during the manufacturing ¬ process and during operation, a displacement of the e lectric insulating material and the conductor relative to-each other out, and thus a frequent and time-¬ expensive follow-up of the electric Winding is not necessary with regard to its insulation properties.
Die Aufgabe wird weiterhin durch die Merkmale des Patentan- spruchs 12 gelöst. Für die Isolierung eines metallischen, e- lektrischen Leiters ist vorgesehen, dass die Oberfläche des metallischen, elektrischen Leiters mit einem Metalloxid beschichtet und die Metalloxidschicht von einem elektrisch iso¬ lierenden Material wenigstens teilweise umhüllt ist . Durch die Verbindung der Isolationseigenschaften der Metalloxidschicht mit der Isolationseigenschaft eines diese umhüllenden elektrisch isolierenden Materials bzw. eine Zusatzisolation in Folienform ist eine optimale elektrische Isolierung, die ebenfalls entlang des metallischen, elektrischen Leiters variieren kann, gewährleistet. Das elektrisch isolierende Mate¬ rial enthält vorteilhafterweise Lacke, Kunststoffe, insbeson¬ dere Kunststofffolie und/oder Papier, wobei das elektrisch isolierende Material vorteilhafterweise in Schichten aufge- baut ist und das elektrisch isolierende Material wenigstens teilweise die Metalloxidschicht umhüllt. The object is further achieved by the features of patent claim 12. For the isolation of a metallic electric conductor is provided that the surface of the metallic, electrical conductor coated with a metal oxide and the metal oxide layer is enveloped by an electrically iso ¬ lierenden material at least partially. By the connection of the insulation properties of the metal oxide layer with the insulation property of an electrically insulating material enveloping them, or additional insulation in the form of a film, ensures optimal electrical insulation, which can likewise vary along the metallic, electrical conductor. The electrically insulating mate rial ¬ advantageously contains paints, plastics, insbeson ¬ particular plastic film and / or paper, wherein the electrically insulating material is advantageously listed in layers is built and the electrically insulating material at least partially surrounds the metal oxide layer.
Zu bevorzugen ist die Ausbildung eines eloxierten AI-Bandes als elektrische Wicklung mit isolierendem Material insbeson- dere dann, wenn im Sinne einer hohen Durchschlagsicherung von elektrischen Wicklungen der Wert der Windungsspannung gleich dem Wert der Lagenspannung entsprechen soll. It is preferable to design an anodized aluminum tape as an electrical winding with insulating material, in particular if the value of the winding voltage should correspond to the value of the layer voltage in the sense of a high breakdown protection of electrical windings.
Erfindungsgemäß wird zunächst auf den entfernbaren Träger das eloxierte AI-Band als metallischer Wicklungsleiter mit Me¬ talloxidschicht zu einer Spule gewickelt, werden dann mehre¬ re Spulen als Segmente einer Gesamtwicklung mit Anzapfungen elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet angeordnet und die in der Ge¬ samtwicklung am Eingang und am Ausgang liegenden Spulen mit zusätzlichen Lagen von isolierendem Material ergänzt, welche aus zusätzlichen Folienlagen bestehen können. According to the invention, the anodized Al strip as the metallic winding conductor with Me ¬ is first on the removable support talloxidschicht wound into a coil, then several ¬ re coils as segments of a total winding with taps electrically connected in series arranged and samtwicklung in the Ge ¬ at the entrance and coils located at the exit are supplemented with additional layers of insulating material, which may consist of additional layers of foil.
Dabei sind punktuelle Zusatzisolationen an den Anzapfungen am Anfang/Ende der Spulen oder der Gesamtwicklung vorgese- hen, wobei die punktuellen Zusatzisolationen ebenfalls aus einer Folie, Papier oder Isolierlack bestehen sollten. Punctual additional insulation is provided on the taps at the beginning / end of the coils or the overall winding, whereby the punctual additional insulation should also consist of a film, paper or insulating varnish.
Vorteilhaft ist es, zwischen den Spulen zur Erhöhung der axialen Durchschlagsicherung von Spule zu Spule in der Gesamt- wicklung eine zusätzliche Isolation, wie z.B. Luft, eine Ver¬ gussmasse oder Isolierscheiben vorzusehen. It is advantageous between the coils to increase the axial breakdown protection from coil to coil in the total winding an additional insulation, such as air, an Ver ¬ casting compound or to provide insulating.
Zweckmäßigerweise werden für bestimmte Anwendungsfälle an den Anzapfungen Anschlüsse aus nicht anodisertem AI-Band ange¬ bracht . Expediently be introduced is ¬ of non anodisertem Al strip at the taps connections for certain applications.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen. Der Erfindungsgegenstand wird anhand der nach- folgenden Figuren eingehend erläutert. Es zeigt: Further advantageous refinements can be found in the subclaims. The subject matter of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the following figures. It shows:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus ei¬ nes erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Wicklungsleiters; 1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of an electrical winding conductor according to the invention;
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer Einzel¬ wicklung der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Wicklung während des Wicklungsprozesses; Fig. 3 eine schematisch zusammengeführte Darstellung von Ausbildungen eines AI-Bandes als Spulen (6.1) für elektrische Wicklungen (6) zu einer in Segmenten ausgeführten Gesamtwicklung; Fig. 4 Schnitte nach Fig. 3 durch die Gesamtwicklung; Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a single ¬ winding the electrical winding according to the invention during the winding process; 3 shows a schematically merged representation of configurations of an AI tape as coils (6.1) for electrical windings (6) to form an overall winding in segments; Fig. 4 sections of Figure 3 through the overall winding.
Fig. 5 Schnitte nach Fig. 3 durch ein Segment mit Anzapfungen (8) der Gesamtwicklung. Fig. 5 sections of Fig. 3 through a segment with taps (8) of the overall winding.
Die Figur Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung des er¬ findungsgemäßen metallischen Wicklungsleiters 4. Der metallische Wicklungsleiter 4 besteht aus einem metallischen Aluminiumleiter 1, mindestens einer Aluminiumoxidschicht 2 und ei- ner elektrischen Kunststoffisolationsfolie 3, die die Metall¬ oxidschicht 2 umschließt bzw. zumindest zwischen zwei benach¬ barten, übereinander liegenden Einzelwicklungen liegt. Werden Segmente in Reihe geschaltet, so erhalten nur die abschlie- ßende Segmente diese Zusatzisolation, die dazwischen liegende Segment werden ohne Zusatzisolation ausgeführt, ausgenommen die Bereiche mit Anzapfungen. Der elektrische Wicklungsleiter 4 kann dabei entweder vollständig von einer Metalloxidschicht 2 umschlossen sein oder alternativ eine Metalloxidschicht 2 nur an bestimmten Stellen des metallischen Leiters 1 vorhanden sein. Im dargestellten Beispiel der Figur Fig. 1 als Schnittzeichnung ist auf dem Leiter 1 eine Metalloxidschicht 2 als Ummantelung mit konstanter Dicke dargestellt, die von einem elektrisch isolierenden Material 3 mit variabler Dicke umschlossen ist. Das elektrisch isolierende Material 3 kann dabei entweder als zusätzliche Ummantelung bzw. als Zwischenlage um den metallischen Leiter 1 gewickelt sein oder alternativ nur an bestimmten Stellen auf den metallischen Leiter 1 oder auf die Metalloxidschicht 2 des elektrischen Leiters 1 (aufgelegt werden. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the metallic winding conductor 4 according to the invention. The metallic winding conductor 4 consists of a metallic aluminum conductor 1, at least one aluminum oxide layer 2 and an ner electrical plastic insulation film 3, the metal oxide layer ¬ 2 encloses or at least between two disclosed Benach ¬ superposed individual windings is located. If segments are connected in series, only the final segments receive this additional insulation, the segments in between are designed without additional insulation, except for the areas with taps. The electrical winding conductor 4 can either be completely enclosed by a metal oxide layer 2 or, alternatively, a metal oxide layer 2 can only be present at certain points on the metallic conductor 1. In the example shown in FIG. 1 as a sectional drawing, a metal oxide layer 2 is shown on the conductor 1 as a sheath with a constant thickness, which is enclosed by an electrically insulating material 3 with a variable thickness. The electrically insulating material 3 can either be wrapped around the metallic conductor 1 as an additional sheathing or as an intermediate layer, or alternatively it can only be placed on the metallic conductor 1 or on the metal oxide layer 2 of the electrical conductor 1 (at certain points.
In der Figur Fig. 2 ist eine erfindungsgemäße elektrische Wicklung 6 dargestellt, wobei der metallische Leiter 1, die Metalloxidschicht 2 und das elektrisch isolierende Material 3 in Form einer Kunststofffolie auf einen Träger 5 aufgewickelt werden. Die Metalloxidschicht 2 ist zumindest auf der Ober- und Unterseite des metallischen Leiters 1 angeordnet. Der Träger 5 wird bevorzugt als zylindrischer Körper ausgebildet und gewährleistet im Rahmen des Herstellungsprozesses der e- lektrischen Wicklung, dass das elektrisch isolierende Material 3 und der metallische Leiter 1 mit der Metalloxidschicht 2 jeweils in definierten Bahnen übereinander gewickelt werden. Der so gebildete Wicklungsleiter 4 wird beim Herstel- lungsprozess kontinuierlich auf den Träger 5 aufgewickelt. In axialer Richtung existiert beim vorliegenden in der Figur Fig. 2 dargestellten Beispiel nur eine Isolationswirkung hinsichtlich der Metalloxidschicht 2 in axialer Richtung. In radialer Richtung relativ zum Träger 5 ist als zusätzliche Iso- lation auf der jeweiligen Metalloxidschicht 2 die Kunststoff¬ folie 3 als elektrisch isolierendes Material aufgebracht. Hierdurch wird in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Durchschlagsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung 6 eine vollständige Isolation der elektrischen Wicklung 6 ge- währleistet und ist eine partielle Verstärkung der Isolation dadurch erreichbar, dass Metalloxidschicht 2 oder Isolations¬ schicht 2 an den Stellen höchster Spannungsbeanspruchung verstärkt ausgeführt werden. Speziell zeigen die Fig. 3, 4 und 5 schematisch die Ausbil¬ dung eines AI-Bandes als Windungen 6.1 für elektrische Wick¬ lungen 6 zu einer in Segmenten ausgeführten Gesamtwicklung, wie sie in einem Trafo verwendet werden kann. In Fig. 3 sind allein aus Übersichtsgründen die Ausbildungen des AI-Bandes als Windungen 6 zu der in Segmenten ausgeführten Gesamtwicklung schematisch zusammengeführt dargestellt. FIG. 2 shows an electrical winding 6 according to the invention, the metallic conductor 1, the metal oxide layer 2 and the electrically insulating material 3 being wound onto a carrier 5 in the form of a plastic film. The metal oxide layer 2 is arranged at least on the top and bottom of the metallic conductor 1. The carrier 5 is preferably formed as a cylindrical body and ensures, in the course of the manufacturing process of the electrical winding, that the electrically insulating material 3 and the metallic conductor 1 with the metal oxide layer 2 are each wound one above the other in defined paths. The winding conductor 4 thus formed is continuously wound onto the carrier 5 during the manufacturing process. In Axial direction in the present example shown in FIG. 2, there is only one insulation effect with respect to the metal oxide layer 2 in the axial direction. In the radial direction relative to the carrier 5 is as additional iso- lation on the respective metal oxide layer 2, the plastic film applied ¬ 3 as an electrically insulating material. In this way, the maximum required dielectric strength is ensured within the electrical winding 6 is a complete isolation of the electrical winding 6 overall in dependency and is a partial amplification of the insulation be achieved in that metal oxide 2 or insulation ¬ layer 2 the highest at the places voltage stress, are increasingly. Specifically, FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 shows schematically the Ausbil ¬ dung of an AI belt as windings for electric 6.1 Wick ¬ lungs 6 to an application in segments total winding as it may be used in a transformer. In FIG. 3, for the sake of clarity alone, the configurations of the Al tape are shown schematically merged as windings 6 to form the overall winding carried out in segments.
Das AI-Band bildet den metallischen Leiter 1 sowie metalli- sehen Wicklungsleiter 4 und dessen ummantelnde Eloxalschicht die Metalloxidschicht 2. Das eloxierte AI-Band ist auf den entfernbaren Träger 5 (Fig. 2) zu einer Spule 6 gewickelt. The Al band forms the metallic conductor 1 and the metallic winding conductor 4 and its sheathing anodized layer forms the metal oxide layer 2. The anodized Al band is wound on the removable carrier 5 (FIG. 2) to form a coil 6.
Die Anordnung und elektrisch in Reihe geschaltete Verbindung mehrerer Spulen 6 als Segmente der Gesamtwicklung mit Anzapfungen 8 ist in der Fig. 3 ersichtlich. Die in der Gesamtwicklung am Eingang liegende Spule 6 ist ergänzt mit nur am Anfang 7 zusätzlich eingewickelten Lagen 3.1 von isolierendem Material 3, die anschließende Spule 6 weist nur Lagen des e- loxierten AI-Bandes als metallischer Leiter 1 mit Metalloxidschicht 2 auf und die in der Gesamtwicklung am Ausgang liegende Spule 6 ist wiederum ergänzt mit nur an derem Ende 7 zusätzlich eingewickelten Lagen 3.1 von isolierendem Material 3. The arrangement and electrically connected connection of several coils 6 as segments of the overall winding with taps 8 can be seen in FIG. 3. The coil 6 lying in the overall winding at the entrance is supplemented with layers 3.1 of insulating material 3 which are additionally wound only at the beginning 7, the subsequent coil 6 only has layers of the e- anodized AI tape as a metallic conductor 1 with a metal oxide layer 2 and the coil 6 lying in the overall winding at the output is in turn supplemented with layers 3.1 of insulating material 3 additionally wound at the other end 7 thereof.
Dementsprechend zeigen Fig. 4 Schnitte nach Fig. 3 durch die¬ se Gesamtwicklung und analog Fig. 5 Schnitte durch je ein Segment mit Anzapfungen 8 der Gesamtwicklung, aus denen in Verbindung mit Fig. 3 punktuelle Zusatzisolationen 9 an denAccordingly, Figs. 4 show sections according to Fig. 3 se ¬ by the total coil and analogous to FIG. 5 sections, each by one segment with taps 8, the overall winding from which selective in connection with FIG. 3 additional insulations 9 on the
Anzapfungen 8 am Anfang/Ende der Gesamtwicklung 7 zu erkennen sind. Wenn man sich in Figur 5 die Mittelachse vorstellt, so sind die Anzapfungen (und damit die Zusatzisolationen) nur auf einer Hälfte der Darstellung sichtbar. Taps 8 at the beginning / end of the overall winding 7 can be seen. If one imagines the central axis in FIG. 5, the taps (and thus the additional insulation) are only visible on one half of the illustration.
Die zusätzlichen Lagen 3.1 und die punktuellen Zusatzisolationen 9 an den Anzapfungen 8 am Anfang/Ende der Gesamtwicklung 7 bestehen aus Kusntstofffolie, Papier oder Lack und die nicht dargestellten Anschlüsse der Anzapfungen 8 und die An- Schlüsse für Wicklungs- bzw. Spulenanfang und Wicklungs- bzw. Spulenende aus nicht anodisertem AI-Band. The additional layers 3.1 and the punctual additional insulation 9 on the taps 8 at the beginning / end of the overall winding 7 consist of plastic film, paper or lacquer and the connections of the taps 8, not shown, and the connections for winding or coil start and winding or End of coil made of non-anodized AI tape.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Elektrische Wicklung (6) mit einem metallischen Wicklungs¬ leiter (4), der Einzelwicklungen ausbildet, wobei der metal- lische Wicklungsleiter (4) einen metallischen Leiter (1) und eine den metallischen Leiter (1) umschließendes elektrisch isolierendes Material (3) aufweist, 1. Electrical winding forms (6) with a metallic winding ¬ conductor (4), the individual windings, wherein the metal- metallic winding conductor (4) a metallic conductor (1) and a metallic conductor (1) enclosing an electrically insulating material (3 ) having,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
der metallische Wicklungsleiter (4) eine die Oberfläche des metallischen Leiters (1) wenigstens teilweise umhüllende Me¬ talloxidschicht (2) aufweist. the metallic winding conductor (4) the surface of the metallic conductor (1) at least partially enveloping Me ¬ talloxidschicht (2).
2. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach Patentanspruch 1, 2. Electrical winding (6) according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestig¬ keit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung (6) das elektrisch isolierendes Material (3) eine variable Dicke und/oder vari¬ able Materialeigenschaften aufweist. depending on the maximum required Spannungsfestig ¬ ness within the electrical winding (6), the electrically insulating material (3) has a variable thickness and / or vari able ¬ material properties.
3. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, 3. Electrical winding (6) according to one of claims 1 or 2,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestig¬ keit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung (6) die Metalloxid- schicht (2) eine variable Dicke aufweist. depending on the maximum required Spannungsfestig ¬ ness within the electrical winding (6), the metal oxide layer (2) has a variable thickness.
4. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach Patentanspruch 1, 4. Electrical winding (6) according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
die Metalloxidschicht (2) eine konstante Dicke aufweist und dass in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfes¬ tigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung (6) das elekt¬ risch isolierende Material (3) eine variable Dicke und/oder variable Materialeigenschaften aufweist. the metal oxide layer (2) has a constant thickness and that the elekt ¬ driven insulating material (3) in dependence on the maximum required Spannungsfes ¬ ACTION within the electrical winding (6) has a variable thickness and / or variable material properties.
5. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach Patentanspruch 4, 5. Electrical winding (6) according to claim 4,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestig¬ keit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung (6) teilweise kein elektrisch isolierendes Material (3) angeordnet ist. depending on the maximum required dielectric strength ¬ partially no electrically insulating material (3) is arranged within the electrical winding (6).
6. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach Patentanspruch 1, 6. Electrical winding (6) according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
das elektrisch isolierende Material (3) eine konstante Dicke aufweist und in Abhängigkeit mit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestigkeit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung (6) die Metalloxidschicht (2) eine unterschiedliche Dicke auf¬ weist . the electrically insulating material (3) has a constant thickness and a function with the maximum required dielectric strength of the metal oxide layer (2) has a different thickness on ¬ within the electrical winding (6).
7. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach einem der vorhergehenden Patentansprüche 1 bis 6, 7. Electrical winding (6) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestig¬ keit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung (6) die Beschaffen- heit der Metalloxidschicht (2) variiert. depending on the maximum required Spannungsfestig ¬ ness within the electrical winding (6) the Beschaffen- standardize the metal oxide layer (2) varied.
8. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 7, 8. Electrical winding (6) according to one of claims 1 to 7,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
das elektrisch isolierende Material (3) Lacke, Kunststoffe, insbesondere Kunststofffolien, und/oder Papier enthält. the electrically insulating material (3) contains paints, plastics, in particular plastic films, and / or paper.
9. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 8, 9. Electrical winding (6) according to one of the claims 1 to 8,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
das elektrisch isolierende Material (3) und/oder die Metall¬ oxidschicht (2) schichtweise aufgebaut ist. the electrically insulating material (3) and / or the metal oxide layer ¬ (2) is built up in layers.
10. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach einem der vorhergehenden Patentansprüche 1 bis 9, 10. Electrical winding (6) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
in Abhängigkeit der maximal erforderlichen Spannungsfestig- keit innerhalb der elektrischen Wicklung (6) die Beschaffenheit des elektrisch isolierenden Materials (3) variiert. the nature of the electrically insulating material (3) varies depending on the maximum required dielectric strength within the electrical winding (6).
11. Elektrische Wicklung (6) nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 10, 11. Electrical winding (6) according to one of claims 1 to 10,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z ei c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n ei c h n e t that
die Oberfläche der Metalloxidschicht (2) und des elektrisch isolierenden Materials (3) so beschaffen sind, dass keine Re¬ lativverschiebungen zwischen der Metalloxidschicht (2) und dem elektrisch isolierenden Material (3) auftreten. the surface of the metal oxide layer (2) and the electrically insulating material (3) are such that no re ¬ lativverschiebungen occur between the metal oxide layer (2) and the electrically insulating material (3).
12. Elektrische Isolierung eines metallischen, elektrischen Leiters (1) , 12. Electrical insulation of a metallic, electrical conductor (1),
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
die Oberfläche des metallischen, elektrischen Leiters (1) mit einer Metalloxidschicht (2) beschichtet und die Metalloxid¬ schicht (2) von einem elektrisch isolierendem Material (3) wenigstens teilweise umhüllt ist. the surface of the metallic, electrical conductor (1) is coated with a metal oxide layer (2) and the metal oxide ¬ layer (2) is at least partially enveloped by an electrically insulating material (3).
13. Elektrische Isolierung nach Patentanspruch 12, 13. Electrical insulation according to claim 12,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
das elektrisch isolierende Material (3) Lacke, Kunststoffe, insbesondere Kunststofffolien, und/oder Papier enthält. the electrically insulating material (3) contains paints, plastics, in particular plastic films, and / or paper.
14. Elektrische Isolierung nach einem der Patentansprüche 12 bis 13, 14. Electrical insulation according to one of the claims 12 to 13,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
das elektrisch isolierende Material (3) schichtweise aufge¬ baut ist . the electrically insulating material (3) layer by layer up ¬ is built.
15. Ausbildung eines eloxierten AI-Bandes als elektrische Wicklung (6) mit isolierendem Material (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, 15. Formation of an anodized AI tape as an electrical winding (6) with insulating material (3) according to one of claims 1 to 14,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
das auf den entfernbaren Träger (5) zu einer Spule (6) gewickelte eloxierte AI-Band als metallischer Wicklungsleiter (4) mit Metalloxidschicht (2) vorliegt, the anodized Al tape wound on the removable carrier (5) to form a coil (6) is present as a metallic winding conductor (4) with a metal oxide layer (2),
- die Anordnung und elektrisch in Reihe geschaltete  - The arrangement and electrically connected in series
Verbindung mehrerer Spulen (6) als Segmente einer Ge- samtwicklung mit Anzapfungen (8) ausgebildet sind und  Connection of several coils (6) are designed as segments of an overall winding with taps (8) and
- die in der Gesamtwicklung am Eingang und am Ausgang liegenden Spulen (6) mit zusätzlichen Lagen (3.1) von isolierendem Material (3) ergänzt sind.  - The coils (6) lying in the overall winding at the entrance and at the exit are supplemented with additional layers (3.1) of insulating material (3).
16. Ausbildung eines eloxierten AI-Bandes als elektrische Wicklung (6) mit isolierendem Material (3) nach Anspruch 15, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass 16. Formation of an anodized Al tape as an electrical winding (6) with insulating material (3) according to claim 15, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
punktuelle Zusatzisolationen (8.1) (Figur 3 hat Pos. 8.1 und 9 für Zusatzisolationen, siehe auch Anspruch 19, wo hierfür 9 verwendet wird; Vorschlag: generell nur 9 hierfür verwenden) an den Anzapfungen (8) am Anfang/Ende der Gesamtwicklung (7) der Spule (6) und/oder der Gesamtwicklung vorgesehen sind. punctual additional insulation (8.1) (Figure 3 has items 8.1 and 9 for additional insulation, see also claim 19, where 9 is used for this; suggestion: generally only use 9 for this) at the taps (8) at the beginning / end of the overall winding (7 ) the coil (6) and / or the overall winding are provided.
17. Ausbildung eines eloxierten AI-Bandes als elektrische Wicklung (6) mit isolierendem Material (3) nach Anspruch 15 oder 16, 17. Formation of an anodized AI tape as an electrical winding (6) with insulating material (3) according to claim 15 or 16,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
zwischen den Spulen (6) als axiale Durchschlagsicherung von Spule (6) zu Spule (6) in der Gesamtwicklung eine zusätzliche Isolation als eine zusätzliche Barriere (3.1) einer Folie vorgesehen ist. An additional insulation as an additional barrier (3.1) of a film is provided between the coils (6) as an axial breakdown protection from coil (6) to coil (6) in the overall winding.
18. Ausbildung eines eloxierten AI-Bandes als elektrische Wicklung (6) mit isolierendem Material (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 17, 18. Formation of an anodized AI tape as an electrical winding (6) with insulating material (3) according to one of claims 15 to 17,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
die zusätzlichen Lagen (3.1) aus Folie bestehen. the additional layers (3.1) consist of foil.
19. Ausbildung eines eloxierten AI-Bandes als elektrische Wicklung (6) mit isolierendem Material (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 18, 19. Formation of an anodized AI tape as an electrical winding (6) with insulating material (3) according to one of claims 15 to 18,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
die punktuellen Zusatzisolationen (9) aus Folie bestehen. the selective additional insulation (9) consist of foil.
20. Ausbildung eines eloxierten AI-Bandes als elektrische Wicklung (6) mit isolierendem Material (3) nach einem der An- sprüche 15 bis 19, 20. Formation of an anodized Al tape as an electrical winding (6) with insulating material (3) according to one of claims 15 to 19,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that
an den Anzapfungen (8) Anschlüsse aus nicht anodisertem AI- Band vorgesehen sind. Connections made of non-anodized AI tape are provided on the taps (8).
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TW200733146A (en) 2007-09-01
DE202005019390U1 (en) 2006-04-20
PT1958217E (en) 2012-05-23
DK1958217T3 (en) 2012-06-11
PL1958217T3 (en) 2012-08-31
ES2383703T3 (en) 2012-06-25
US20080309444A1 (en) 2008-12-18
BRPI0619568A2 (en) 2011-10-04
EP1958217B1 (en) 2012-03-14
RU2008127499A (en) 2010-01-20
WO2007065887A2 (en) 2007-06-14
WO2007065887A3 (en) 2007-08-02

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