EP1957767A1 - Verfahren zur abgasnachbehandlung bei verbrennungsmotoren, und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zur abgasnachbehandlung bei verbrennungsmotoren, und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrensInfo
- Publication number
- EP1957767A1 EP1957767A1 EP06818688A EP06818688A EP1957767A1 EP 1957767 A1 EP1957767 A1 EP 1957767A1 EP 06818688 A EP06818688 A EP 06818688A EP 06818688 A EP06818688 A EP 06818688A EP 1957767 A1 EP1957767 A1 EP 1957767A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nox storage
- exhaust gas
- catalytic converter
- particle filter
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/35—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for cleaning or treating the recirculated gases, e.g. catalysts, condensate traps, particle filters or heaters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for exhaust gas aftertreatment in internal combustion engines, in which nitrogen oxides are removed from the exhaust gas by a NOx catalytic converter arrangement arranged in the exhaust line, and a device for carrying out this method according to the preamble of claim 6.
- Modern NOx storage catalytic converters are used to de-stick the exhaust gases, which collect the nitrogen oxides formed in the driving mode and contained in the exhaust gas flowing through the NOx storage catalytic converter, which then chemically become harmless, for example after the NOx storage catalytic converter has reached a predetermined filling level, using suitable reducing agents Nitrogen and water can be reduced.
- NOx storage systems and their regeneration are described for example in DE 195 22 165 A1.
- Another active exhaust gas aftertreatment measure is the filtering out of solid combustion residues in so-called particle filters, which is particularly important in the case of diesel engines.
- NOx storage catalytic converters only have satisfactory conversion rates in a certain exhaust gas temperature range, i.e.
- the efficiency of the NOx storage catalytic converter depends, among other things. also depends on where it is located in the exhaust system.
- An arrangement close to the engine has the advantage that the NOx storage catalytic converter has a satisfactory conversion rate even during a cold start or in part-load operation.
- the exhaust gas temperature is generally outside the exhaust gas temperature window that is most favorable for the operation of the NOx storage catalytic converter.
- an exhaust gas purification system for a lean-burn internal combustion engine which has a main and a secondary storage device for nitrogen oxides, the main storage device for nitrogen oxides being arranged close to the engine and the secondary storage device being arranged in the exhaust gas flow direction after the main storage device.
- the exhaust gas is denitrified in two successive stages in a first NOx storage catalytic converter arranged close to the engine and then in a second NOx storage catalytic converter arranged remote from the engine.
- the NOx conversion is therefore divided into two components that have their best efficiency in different engine map areas. Due to the arrangement of the first NOx storage catalytic converter close to the engine, the working window of the NOx storage catalytic converter is quickly reached in the cold start and is not undercut even in the lower load range of the engine.
- the NOx catalytic converter which is remote from the engine, also has a good efficiency in the high-load range of the internal combustion engine due to the sharp drop in temperature of the exhaust gases in the exhaust system. A high NOx conversion is thus achieved in the entire engine map area.
- This arrangement extends the working window of the NOx storage catalyst arrangement in comparison to a single component with the same total volume and with the same NOx storage catalyst area.
- the distance between the two components and the resulting temperature difference is an optimization parameter for the work window.
- the exhaust gas is simultaneously sooted in one of the two stages in a catalytic converter / particle filter assembly, i.e. one of the two stages is designed, for example, as a particle filter with a NOx storage coating.
- the internal combustion engines are either lean-burn gasoline engines or diesel internal combustion engines.
- the exhaust gas in the catalytic converter / particle filter assembly is preferably removed in the first stage, ie in an assembly arranged close to the engine.
- the NOx storage catalytic converter coating of the component close to the engine is preferably effective in the cold start and in the lower load range of the engine.
- the arrangement of the particle filter close to the engine has the advantage that thermal regeneration of the accumulated soot is possible without additional measures such as fuel additive or external post-injection.
- the coating of the particle filter can support the filter burnup.
- the NOx storage catalytic converter remote from the engine is preferably effective in the high-load range of the internal combustion engine.
- the exhaust gas is exhausted in the second stage, ie in a catalytic converter / particle filter assembly arranged remote from the engine.
- This arrangement can result if, for package reasons, it is not possible to arrange the particle filter close to the engine, in particular with regard to the largest possible maintenance interval and thus an enlargement of the component.
- the regeneration of the particle filter remote from the engine can also be carried out using additional regeneration aids, for example external post-injection or the addition of fuel additives.
- This additional external post-injection can also be used for the desulphurization of the second stage of the exhaust gas cleaning system, since temperatures of 600 - 75O 0 C are required for this, which are difficult to generate in the second component without the first cleaning stage having to become significantly hotter.
- the method according to the invention is preferably used in conjunction with a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation, wherein after the particle filter stage of the exhaust gas aftertreatment, a part of the exhaust gases is branched off from the exhaust gas line and returned to the intake tract, optionally preferably upstream of a compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger.
- a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation with exhaust gas extraction after a particulate filter, the raw engine emissions, depending on the exhaust gas recirculation rate, and thus also the total emissions of the vehicle are reduced compared to a conventional high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation, in which, as is known, nitrogen oxide formation is reduced, but the pollutant emissions are increased are.
- this is used in connection with a partially homogeneous diesel combustion method.
- a partially homogeneous diesel combustion method Especially in engine map areas with low exhaust gas temperatures where the activity of the NOx Limited catalyst, this can be compensated for by the very low NOx emissions in a partially homogeneous operation.
- the NOx storage capacity lasts longer with low raw emissions from the internal combustion engine, so that the risk of NOx slip can be reduced.
- the time intervals between two NOx regeneration phases are longer with low raw emissions. This reduces the amount of fuel consumption.
- the load on the NOx storage catalytic converter is also reduced by the smaller number of regeneration processes.
- a device for exhaust gas aftertreatment in internal combustion engines with a NOx storage catalytic converter arrangement arranged in the exhaust line for denitrification of the exhaust gas is designed in such a way that the NOx catalytic converter arrangement has two stages, specifically with a first NOx storage catalytic converter close to the engine, preferably for the cold start - and part-load operation and with a NOx storage catalytic converter located downstream thereof, preferably for full-load operation, one of the two NOx storage catalytic converters being combined with a particle filter to form a structural unit.
- Either the first NOx storage catalytic converter can be combined with a particle filter, which has the advantage that thermal regeneration of the accumulated soot is possible without additional measures such as fuel additives or external post-injection.
- the second NOx storage catalytic converter is combined with a particle filter, wherein the particle filter can be supplied with the energy required for its regeneration from the outside if engine measures are not used or are not sufficient. This energy can be supplied, for example, by a microwave device or another electrical heating device; however, a regeneration agent, for example fuel, is preferably injected upstream of the particle filter.
- a portion of the exhaust gas is branched off from the exhaust gas tract after the NOx storage catalytic converter, which is combined with a particle filter, and returned to the intake tract via a corresponding recirculation line.
- This arrangement must be followed due to the fact that only fairly clean exhaust gas may be returned in the low-pressure EGR, since this would otherwise rot very quickly due to strong cooling.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a motor vehicle in the exhaust line of which a catalytic converter / particle filter unit close to the engine and a NOx storage catalytic converter are arranged;
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram of an exhaust gas measurement cycle, wherein the NOx concentration is shown over the exhaust gas path;
- Fig. 4 is a representation similar to Fig. 1, but in the exhaust line, a near-engine NOx storage catalytic converter and an engine-remote catalyst / particle filter assembly are arranged.
- the motor vehicle 2 shown schematically in FIG. 1 is driven by an internal combustion engine 4, in this exemplary embodiment by a diesel engine.
- the internal combustion engine 4 is equipped with an exhaust gas turbocharger 6, which uses the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine 4 in a known manner to charge it.
- the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine 4 are discharged into the environment through an exhaust line designated as a whole by 8.
- a NOx storage catalytic converter / particle filter assembly 10 in which nitrogen oxides and soot particles are extracted from the exhaust gases, is arranged in this exhaust line immediately behind the internal combustion engine 4.
- This catalyst / particle filter assembly is designed as a particle filter with a NOx storage catalyst coating.
- the catalytic converter part of the assembly 10 is subjected to relatively hot exhaust gases.
- This exhaust gas temperature is in the effective working window of the NOx catalytic converter in particular during cold start and in part-load operation, so that it makes the main contribution to the denitrification of the exhaust gases in this operating range.
- Another NOx storage catalytic converter 12 is arranged downstream of the assembly 10 in the exhaust line 8 in a position remote from the engine. In cold start and part-load operation, the temperature of the exhaust gases has dropped so far at this point that it lies below the effective working window of this catalytic converter, so that it has a smaller share of denitrification in this operating range.
- the NOx storage catalytic converter 12 remote from the engine works in the favorable working window, while the catalytic converter part of the structural unit 10 close to the engine works outside this window and has only a small portion of the denitrification at these operating points.
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a typical driving cycle for diesel cars in the exhaust gas test. It is a test in which full-load driving conditions predominate. As the graph reveals, have the exhaust gases at the input of the unit 10 a temperature of about 45O 0 C, at the entrance of the NOx storage catalyst 12 then still has a temperature of 350 0 C. From the purely qualitative diagram of FIG. 2 is obtained, that the NOx concentration in the near-engine unit 10, the catalytic converter part of which already works outside of its most favorable working window, is reduced by 30%. On the basis of this value, the NOx concentration in the NOx storage catalytic converter 12 remote from the engine, which works in the favorable working window, is reduced by 85% to its final value.
- Fig. 3 shows a diagram similar to FIG. 2, but this diagram, a partial-load-type operation based located at the entrance of the assembly 10, the exhaust gas has a temperature of 250 0 C, and at the entrance of the NOx storage catalyst 12 is the exhaust gas temperature equal to 150 0 C.
- the NOx concentration in the near-engine assembly 10 the catalyst part of which works in a favorable working window, is reduced by 85%; on the basis of the value reached, a further 15% is reduced to its final value in the NOx storage catalytic converter 12 remote from the engine, which works outside the favorable working window.
- FIG. 4 shows an illustration similar to FIG. 1, with a motor vehicle 2, an internal combustion engine 4, an exhaust gas turbocharger 6 and an exhaust line 8.
- the NOx storage catalytic converter 12 ′ is arranged directly behind the internal combustion engine 4, ie close to the engine, while the NOx storage catalytic converter / particle filter assembly 10 ′′ downstream thereof, that is to say remote from the engine is arranged.
- Such an arrangement may be necessary if, for package reasons, it is not possible to arrange the structural unit 10 'close to the engine.
- the regeneration of the particle filter part of the assembly 10 ′ remote from the engine can be carried out via additional regeneration aids, for example external post-injection or the addition of fuel additive, if the use of engine measures is undesirable or too ineffective.
- a fuel post-injection is provided.
- the method according to the invention is preferably used in conjunction with a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation, in which the exhaust gas is preferably removed after the assembly 10 and the introduction of the exhaust gas upstream of the compressor of the turbocharger.
- 1 schematically shows an exhaust gas recirculation line 18 via which an exhaust gas fraction is branched off from the exhaust line 8 and introduced into the intake tract 20.
- the concentration of NOx, CO and HC of the recirculated exhaust gas is also considerably reduced. In this way, depending on the exhaust gas recirculation rate, the raw engine emissions and thus also the total emissions of the vehicle can be reduced compared to high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005058858A DE102005058858A1 (de) | 2005-12-09 | 2005-12-09 | Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung bei Verbrennungsmotoren, und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
PCT/EP2006/011124 WO2007065558A1 (de) | 2005-12-09 | 2006-11-21 | Verfahren zur abgasnachbehandlung bei verbrennungsmotoren, und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1957767A1 true EP1957767A1 (de) | 2008-08-20 |
EP1957767B1 EP1957767B1 (de) | 2015-10-14 |
Family
ID=37806252
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06818688.1A Not-in-force EP1957767B1 (de) | 2005-12-09 | 2006-11-21 | Verfahren zur abgasnachbehandlung bei verbrennungsmotoren, und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1957767B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102005058858A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007065558A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008041530A1 (de) | 2008-08-25 | 2010-03-04 | Dirk Dombrowski | Verfahren und Abgasanlage zur Reinigung SOx-haltiger Abgase, insbesondere von Schiffsbrennkraftmaschinen |
FR2941264B1 (fr) * | 2009-01-22 | 2011-07-22 | Renault Sas | Systeme de traitement des nox contenus dans des gaz d'echappement. |
FR2957530B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-16 | 2012-05-25 | Renault Sa | Dispositif de piegeage d'oxydes d'azote |
DE102013200361B4 (de) | 2012-03-09 | 2017-04-06 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Abgasnachbehandlungssystem, Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung |
DE102014209377A1 (de) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | System zur Nachbehandlung der Abgase einer Brennkraftmaschine |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6826906B2 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2004-12-07 | Engelhard Corporation | Exhaust system for enhanced reduction of nitrogen oxides and particulates from diesel engines |
JP2003065095A (ja) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-03-05 | Yanmar Co Ltd | 内燃機関の運転制御方法 |
DE10162383A1 (de) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Anordnung und Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von Abgasen |
US7055311B2 (en) * | 2002-08-31 | 2006-06-06 | Engelhard Corporation | Emission control system for vehicles powered by diesel engines |
JP4304428B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-07 | 2009-07-29 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化システム |
GB0305415D0 (en) * | 2003-03-08 | 2003-04-16 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Exhaust system for lean burn IC engine including particulate filter and NOx absorbent |
JP4267414B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-12 | 2009-05-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の触媒制御装置 |
DE102004029202A1 (de) * | 2004-01-02 | 2005-07-28 | Volkswagen Ag | Abgasreinigungssystem mit Haupt- und Sekundärspeichereinrichtung für Stickoxide |
JP4211611B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-14 | 2009-01-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
-
2005
- 2005-12-09 DE DE102005058858A patent/DE102005058858A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-11-21 WO PCT/EP2006/011124 patent/WO2007065558A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-11-21 EP EP06818688.1A patent/EP1957767B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2007065558A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005058858A1 (de) | 2007-06-14 |
WO2007065558A1 (de) | 2007-06-14 |
EP1957767B1 (de) | 2015-10-14 |
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