EP1957578A1 - Composition comprising a copolymer based on acrylonitrile and a vinyl aromatic monomer, a copolymer comprising at least three blocks and a particulate copolymer of the core/shell type - Google Patents
Composition comprising a copolymer based on acrylonitrile and a vinyl aromatic monomer, a copolymer comprising at least three blocks and a particulate copolymer of the core/shell typeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1957578A1 EP1957578A1 EP06819926A EP06819926A EP1957578A1 EP 1957578 A1 EP1957578 A1 EP 1957578A1 EP 06819926 A EP06819926 A EP 06819926A EP 06819926 A EP06819926 A EP 06819926A EP 1957578 A1 EP1957578 A1 EP 1957578A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- copolymer
- block
- composition according
- styrene
- acrylonitrile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles
- C08L33/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L35/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L35/06—Copolymers with vinyl aromatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L53/02—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
Definitions
- the invention relates to transparent compositions having excellent mechanical properties, in particular with regard to impact resistance.
- composition comprising the combination of a copolymer based on acrylonitrile and a vinyl aromatic monomer, of a particular copolymer comprising at least three blocks and of a particulate copolymer comprising a core and at least one shell (called “core-shell” or core-shell copolymers).
- the invention finds, in particular, its application in fields requiring the use of transparent and impact-resistant materials, such as the automotive, aeronautical, aerospace, nautical, household, electronic, and toy fields.
- the inventors have set themselves the goal of developing such materials.
- the present invention relates, according to a first object, to a composition
- a composition comprising:
- At least one copolymer (D) comprising repeating units resulting from the polymerization of acrylonitrile and at least one vinyl aromatic monomer;
- At least one block copolymer comprising at least three blocks A, B and C, the three blocks A, B and
- each block being either a homopolymer or a copolymer obtained from two or more monomers
- block A being connected to block B and block B to block C by means of a covalent bond or of an intermediate bridging group connected to one of these blocks by a covalent bond and to the other block by another covalent bond and such that:
- - block B is incompatible with the copolymer (D) and is incompatible with block A;
- the copolymer (D) can be present in the composition at a content ranging from 27 to 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, for example from 30 to 80% by weight.
- vinyl aromatic monomers capable of entering into the constitution of the copolymer (D) mention may be made of styrene, 1 ' ⁇ -methylstyrene and chlorostyrene.
- copolymers (D) there may be mentioned:
- graft copolymers comprising a main chain resulting from the polymerization of butadiene, preferably mainly 1,4-butadiene or from the copolymerization of butadiene and acrylonitrile and of grafts resulting from the polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile (these graft copolymers being sometimes designated by the abbreviation ABS); and
- the SAN copolymers can be included in a mixture comprising elastomers.
- elastomers can be, for example, 1 EPR (abbreviation meaning ethylene-propylene-rubber or ethylene-propylene elastomer), 1 EPDM (abbreviation meaning ethylene-propylene-diene rubber or ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer), polybutadiene, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, polyisoprene, isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
- 1 EPR abbreviation meaning ethylene-propylene-rubber or ethylene-propylene elastomer
- 1 EPDM abbreviation meaning ethylene-propylene-diene rubber or ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer
- polybutadiene acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer
- polyisoprene polyisoprene-acrylonitrile copolymer
- part of the styrene can be replaced by unsaturated monomers which can be copolymerized with styrene, such as ⁇ -methylstyrene and the esters.
- Copolymers (D) capable of being used are those described in US Pat. No. 6,689,827.
- the number-average molar mass of the copolymer (D) is advantageously between 10,000 and 350,000 g / mole and preferably between 20,000 and 200,000 g / mole.
- the percentage by weight of acrylonitrile in the copolymer (D) is between 2 and 50%, more often between 9 and 40%, preferably between 12 and 35%, and more advantageously still between 22 and 30%.
- the block copolymer included in the compositions of the invention may be present, in the compositions of the invention, at a content ranging from 0.3 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and more advantageously between 0.3 and 10% and again between 0.5 and 5%.
- the block copolymer comprises at least three blocks A, B and C so that block A is connected to block B and block B to block C by means of one or more single covalent bonds. In the case of several covalent bonds, between block A and block B and / or between block B and block C, there may be a single motif or a series of motifs serving to join the blocks together.
- the latter can come from a so-called moderating monomer used in the synthesis of the triblock.
- this can be an oligomer resulting from a chain of monomer units of at least two different monomers in an alternating or random order.
- Such an oligomer can link block A to block B and the same oligomer or a different oligomer can link block B to block C.
- Block A of the block copolymer is considered to be compatible with the copolymer (D) if the polymer A identical to this block (therefore without blocks B and C) is compatible with this copolymer (D) in the molten state.
- blocks A and B are considered to be incompatible if the polymers A and B identical to these blocks are incompatible.
- compatibility between two polymers is meant the ability of one to dissolve in the other in the molten state or their total miscibility. Otherwise, the polymers or blocks are said to be incompatible.
- the enthalpy of mixing cannot however be measured in a conventional manner for all the polymers, and therefore the compatibility can only be determined indirectly, for example by measurements of viscoelastic analysis in torsion or in oscillation or by differential scanning calorimetry.
- two glass transition temperatures (Tg) can be detected for the mixture: at least one of the two Tg is different from the Tg of the pure compounds and lies in the temperature range between the two Tg of the compounds pure.
- the mixture of two completely miscible polymers has a single Tg.
- the block A is chosen from homo- and copolymers of alkyl (alkyl) acrylate.
- alkyl (alkyl) acrylates mention may be made of methyl methacrylate (MAM), methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate.
- Block A can also be a homopolymer or copolymer based on vinyl acetate and its derivatives (such as VEOVA sold by the company Shell).
- the block A is poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).
- PMMA poly (methyl methacrylate)
- this PMMA is syndiotactic and its glass transition temperature Tg ( ⁇ ) ⁇ measured by differential thermal analysis, is from +120 ° C. to +150 ° C.
- the Tg of block B is less than 0 ° C., preferably less than -40 ° C. and better still between -100 ° C. and -50 ° C.
- the monomer used to synthesize block B can be a diene chosen from butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-phenyl-1,3- butadiene.
- Block B is advantageously chosen from poly (dienes), in particular a poly (butadiene), a poly (isoprene) and their random copolymers, or also from poly (dienes) partially or completely hydrogenated.
- the polybutadienes that can be envisaged, there may advantageously be mentioned those whose Tg is the lowest, for example polybutadiene-1, 4 of Tg (around -90 ° C.) lower than that of polybutadiene-1, 2. (around 0 ° C).
- B blocks can also be hydrogenated. This hydrogenation is carried out according to the usual techniques.
- Tg -15 ° C
- n-butyl acrylate is used.
- the acrylates are different from those in block A to respect the condition that B and A must be incompatible.
- block B is a polybutadiene-1, 4.
- block C has a glass transition temperature Tg ( C ) or a melting temperature Tf (Q) higher than the Tg ( g ) of block B- This characteristic gives the possibility that block C is in the state vitreous or either in a partially crystalline state and the block B in the elastomeric state, for the same temperature of use Tp.
- the block polymers C can have a Tg ( Q ) or a Tf greater than the Tg ( g ) , they can be in a relatively rigid glassy state at the same operating temperature.
- the blocks C can be incompatible with the copolymer (D) and are incompatible with the blocks B, they form a rigid discrete phase inside the composition by forming nanodomains included in the composition and serving as anchors in the zone of one of the ends of each block B.
- the other end of each block B is connected to a block A which has a strong affinity with the copolymer (D). This strong affinity provides a second anchoring in the area of the second end of block B.
- the block C is chosen from homopolymers of styrene or of ⁇ -methylstyrene or the copolymers of these.
- Block copolymers which contain blocks derived from alkyl (alkyl) acrylate can in particular be prepared by anionic polymerization, for example according to the methods described in patent applications EP 524,054 and EP 749,987.
- the block copolymer is a triblock ABC copolymer, for example a poly (methyl methacrylate-23-butadiene-jb-styrene).
- the block copolymer in particular when it is a triblock ABC copolymer, may contain, as secondary products of its synthesis, a diblock copolymer BC and optionally homopolymer C.
- the triblock copolymer ABC may also contain, as secondary products of its synthesis , a diblock copolymer AB and optionally one homopolymer A.
- the synthesis of a triblock ABC copolymer is preferably done by successively joining the block A to the block B then to the block C or conversely the block C to the block B then to the block A according to the nature of the three blocks A, B and C , block A being by definition the one which is compatible with (D).
- the ABC triblock copolymer can also contain symmetrical linear or star block copolymers of the ABA or CBC type.
- the total amount by weight of secondary synthesis products is less than 2 times the amount of triblock ABC.
- this amount is less than once and better still 0.5 times the amount of ABC triblock.
- the secondary products are essentially the diblock BC, the amount of BC can be between 10 and 35 parts by weight for respectively 90 to 65 parts of ABC and is advantageously around 15 parts for 85 parts of ABC.
- the ABC triblock copolymer consists of: • 10 to 90 and preferably 15 to 80 parts by weight of sequences A,
- the number average molar masses (g / mole) of the different blocks are generally between:
- these proportions include any secondary synthesis products.
- compositions of the invention also comprise a particulate copolymer which is in the form of fine particles having an elastomer core and at least one thermoplastic shell, the particle size generally being less than ⁇ m and advantageously between 50 and 300 nm.
- This particulate copolymer is prepared using emulsion polymerization.
- the particulate copolymer can be present in the composition at a content ranging from 20 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the heart can be made for example:
- butadiene copolymers with at most 30 mol% of a vinyl monomer.
- the vinyl monomer can be styrene, an alkylstyrene, acrylonitrile or an alkyl (meth) acrylate.
- the heart can also be made up:
- alkyl (meth) acrylate and a vinyl monomer.
- the alkyl (meth) acrylate is advantageously n-butyl acrylate.
- the vinyl monomer can be styrene, an alkylstyrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene or isoprene.
- the heart can be advantageously crosslinked in whole or in part. It suffices to add at least difunctional monomers during the preparation of the core, these monomers can be chosen from poly (meth) acrylic esters of polyols such as butylene di (meth) acrylate and trimethylol propane trimethacrylate. Other difunctional monomers are for example divinylbenzene, trivinylbenzene, vinyl acrylate and vinyl methacrylate.
- the heart can also be crosslinked by introducing therein, by grafting or as a comonomer during the polymerization, unsaturated functional monomers such as anhydrides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated carboxylic acids and unsaturated epoxides or allyl cyanurates. By way of example, mention may be made of maleic anhydride, (meth) acrylic acid and glycidyl methacrylate.
- the bark or barks may consist of:
- a copolymer comprising at least 70 mol% of a majority monomer chosen from styrene, an alkylstyrene or a methyl methacrylate and at least one comonomer chosen from an alkyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl acetate, 1 acrylonitrile, styrene, an alkylstyrene it being understood that the majority monomer and the comonomer are different.
- the bark can be functionalized by introducing, by grafting or as a comonomer during the polymerization, unsaturated functional monomers such as anhydrides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated epoxides or allyl cyanurates.
- unsaturated functional monomers such as anhydrides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated epoxides or allyl cyanurates.
- unsaturated functional monomers such as anhydrides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated epoxides or allyl cyanurates.
- unsaturated functional monomers such as anhydrides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated epoxides or allyl cyanurates.
- maleic anhydride (meth) acrylic acid and glycidyl methacrylate.
- particulate copolymer By way of example of a particulate copolymer, mention may be made of core copolymers bark having a polystyrene bark and heart - bark copolymers having a bark made of polymethyl methacrylate. There are also core-shell copolymers with two barks, one made of polystyrene and the other outside of polymethyl methacrylate. Examples of particulate copolymer, as well as their preparation process, are described in the following patents: US 4,180,494, US 3,808,180, US 4,096,202, US 4,260,693, US 3,287,443, US 3,657,391, US 4,299,928, US 3,985,704, US 5,773,520.
- the core represents, by weight, 70 to 90% of the particulate copolymer and the shell from 30 to 10%.
- the particulate copolymer can be of the soft / hard type.
- a particulate copolymer of the soft / hard type mention may be made of that comprising:
- a particulate copolymer of the soft / hard type there may be mentioned that having a core of poly (butyl acrylate) or of a copolymer of butyl acrylate and butadiene and a shell of polymethyl methacrylate.
- the particulate copolymer can also be of the hard / soft / hard type, that is to say that it contains in order a hard heart, a soft bark and a hard bark.
- the hard parts can be made of the polymers of the bark of the previous soft / hard and the soft parts can be made of the core polymers of the previous soft / hard.
- particulate copolymer of the hard / soft / hard type one can include that comprising:
- the particulate copolymer can also be of the hard (heart) / soft / semi-hard type.
- the "semi-hard" outer bark consists of two barks: one intermediate and the other outer.
- the intermediate shell may be a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, styrene and at least one monomer chosen from alkyl acrylates, butadiene and isoprene.
- the outer shell may be a polymethyl methacrylate homopolymer or a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, styrene and at least one monomer chosen from alkyl acrylates, acrylamides (and in particular dimethyl acrylamide), a butadiene, isoprene.
- An example of a hard / soft / semi-hard particulate copolymer is that comprising in this order:
- compositions of the invention may include polymethyl methacrylate.
- compositions (Comp.l to Comp.5) were tested.
- SAN denotes a copolymer of styrene, of acrylonitrile (in an amount equal to 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the copolymer) and fluidity index (MFR) at 210 ° C. under 10 kg of 30 g / 10 min (measured according to ISO 1133);
- PMMA denotes a polymethyl methacrylate of molecular weight by weight of 100 kg / mol
- - MBS denotes a particulate copolymer comprising a core essentially based on butadiene and styrene and a bark of polymethyl methacrylate;
- - SBM denotes a block copolymer comprising a polystyrene block, a polybutadiene block, a polymethyl methacrylate block with a molecular weight of 80 kg / mol.
- compositions are injected at an injection temperature of 240 ° C.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0512480A FR2894586A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2005-12-08 | Composition useful e.g. in the fields of automobile, domestic and sports, comprises a copolymer of acrylonitrile and vinyl aromatic monomer, a particulate copolymer having an elastomer core and a thermoplastic shell and a block copolymer |
US77566206P | 2006-02-22 | 2006-02-22 | |
PCT/EP2006/069463 WO2007065943A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2006-12-08 | Composition comprising a copolymer based on acrylonitrile and a vinyl aromatic monomer, a copolymer comprising at least three blocks and a particulate copolymer of the core/shell type |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1957578A1 true EP1957578A1 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
Family
ID=37311938
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06819926A Withdrawn EP1957578A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2006-12-08 | Composition comprising a copolymer based on acrylonitrile and a vinyl aromatic monomer, a copolymer comprising at least three blocks and a particulate copolymer of the core/shell type |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090088526A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1957578A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009518490A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2894586A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007065943A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009109593A1 (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-11 | Basf Se | Tough and rigid mixtures of alpha-methylstyrene-acrylnitrile copolymers and block copolymers |
MY178771A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2020-10-20 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Thermoplastic resin composition, and molded product and method for producing same |
WO2017174377A1 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-12 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Polymer composition comprising a (meth)acrylic polymer and polyacrylonitrile |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4413092A (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1983-11-01 | Occidental Chemical Corporation | Vinyl halide polymer blends of enhanced impact resistance |
DE19638255A1 (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1998-03-26 | Basf Ag | Thermoplastic molding compounds |
JP2000239476A (en) * | 1999-02-22 | 2000-09-05 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Amorphous polyolefinic resin composition |
CA2503222A1 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2004-05-06 | Arkema | Ductile and transparent thermoplastic compositions comprising an amorphous matrix and a block copolymer |
DE10330397A1 (en) * | 2003-07-04 | 2005-01-20 | Basf Ag | Mixture of graft copolymers and styrene-butadiene block copolymers |
-
2005
- 2005-12-08 FR FR0512480A patent/FR2894586A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-12-08 JP JP2008543842A patent/JP2009518490A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-08 EP EP06819926A patent/EP1957578A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-08 US US12/096,506 patent/US20090088526A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-08 WO PCT/EP2006/069463 patent/WO2007065943A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2007065943A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090088526A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
JP2009518490A (en) | 2009-05-07 |
WO2007065943A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
FR2894586A1 (en) | 2007-06-15 |
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