EP1953490B1 - Header and heat exchanger with such a header - Google Patents

Header and heat exchanger with such a header Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1953490B1
EP1953490B1 EP08001032.5A EP08001032A EP1953490B1 EP 1953490 B1 EP1953490 B1 EP 1953490B1 EP 08001032 A EP08001032 A EP 08001032A EP 1953490 B1 EP1953490 B1 EP 1953490B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
side walls
flat tubes
narrow sides
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP08001032.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1953490A2 (en
EP1953490A3 (en
Inventor
Thomas Bensel
Oliver Liedtke
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Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1953490A2 publication Critical patent/EP1953490A2/en
Publication of EP1953490A3 publication Critical patent/EP1953490A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1953490B1 publication Critical patent/EP1953490B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a collecting box according to the preamble of claim 1 and a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 3 - each known by the EP 1 515 109 A2 ,
  • the known heat exchanger is designed as a Ganzaluminiumkoresttrager and preferably completely, that is soldered in one operation.
  • the known heat exchanger essentially has a tube-and-fin block, which consists of flat tubes and corrugated ribs arranged between them, and two collecting boxes, with the ends of the flat tubes each opening into the collecting boxes.
  • the known heat exchanger is the primary side flows through by a heat transfer fluid, in particular a coolant of a cooling circuit for an internal combustion engine and the secondary side of ambient air.
  • the headers of the known heat exchanger are formed substantially in two parts, ie they have a bottom part, consisting of a bottom and at least two adjoining, parallel side walls, and a cover part. Bottom part and lid part and additional end walls form a closed box. In the bottom extending slots are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction for receiving the flat tube ends.
  • the Slits extend in their longitudinal direction substantially over the full width of the floor, ie they extend from one side wall to the other side wall.
  • the known heat exchanger may also have additional partitions in the headers and thus as a multi-circuit heat exchanger, z. B. can be used as a coolant radiator with a first part cooler for a high-temperature circuit and a second part cooler for a low-temperature circuit.
  • a coolant radiator with a first part cooler for a high-temperature circuit and a second part cooler for a low-temperature circuit.
  • the pipe / floor connections are particularly the most stressed on their narrow sides, which has its cause in additional bending stresses, which are superimposed on the tensile or compressive stresses.
  • FIG. 1 Another design for heat exchangers is known by so-called flat-tube condensers for motor vehicles, being used as a collecting container for the pipes to be distributed to the refrigerant headers, which have a substantially circular cross-section due to the relatively high internal pressure stress.
  • the manifolds may be formed in one or two parts, ie with a bottom part, in which slot-shaped passages are arranged, and a lid part which is soldered to the bottom part.
  • a flat tube condenser with a manifold was known, which is constructed in two parts, ie, a bottom part and a cover part. The arranged in the arched bottom part passages extend over the entire clear width of the bottom part and take the flat tube ends in itself. The entire flat tube capacitor is usually soldered in one operation.
  • a heat exchanger in the form of a flat tube condenser with a one-piece collecting tube which has a closed, substantially circular cross-section.
  • the manifold has transverse to the longitudinal direction extending slots which receive the ends of flat tubes of a tube-rib block in it.
  • the slots have - according to embodiments of FIG. 6 to 10 - a slot length (corresponding to the depth of a flat tube), which is greater than the inner diameter of the manifold. This is done by a achieved partial radial expansion of the walls of the manifold in the form of grooves or pockets, in which the end faces of the flat tubes come to rest.
  • the slot grooves each have a shoulder which serves as a stop for the insertion depth of the flat tubes.
  • the slot length, d. H. is extended from narrow side to narrow side so that the narrow sides of the openings (passages) and the flat tubes are in the range of wall thickness of the side walls of the bottom part.
  • the extensions of the front and rear edges of the flat tubes thus fall in the area between the inner surface and the outer surface of the side walls.
  • the side walls of the collecting tank ie the bottom part, in the region of the slot-shaped openings, convex, local forms are provided which form pockets or grooves for receiving the narrow sides of the flat tube ends of the heat exchanger.
  • the flat tubes solder in the region of their narrow sides or end faces with the inner surfaces of the pockets. In the area of the solder seam, the shear forces resulting from thermal expansion are applied to the bottom part or transfer its side walls.
  • the pockets have a depth t (in the longitudinal direction of the openings) which is less than the wall thickness s of the side walls.
  • the inner contour of the pockets of the outer contour of the flat tubes in the narrow side region corresponds: when rounding the flat tubes in the end region, the pockets can thus have a semicircular inner contour or a schnikzylindhari surface.
  • a corresponding cross section for the pockets must be provided, so that there is sufficient contact surface for soldering and thus power transmission.
  • the slot-shaped openings are formed in the floor as passages, so that an enlarged contact surface between the floor and pipe circumference, d. H. an enlarged soldering surface for receiving the flat tube ends results. This on the one hand, a stiffening of the soil and on the other hand, an improved absorption of the pipe ends is achieved.
  • the bottom of the bottom part is preferably - for reasons of stability - arched, but may also be formed substantially flat.
  • the production of the passages takes place with tools known from the prior art, for. As punches that allow a hole punching, collar pulling and expanding or stamping pockets in the side walls.
  • the heat exchanger is designed as a coolant radiator for a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. Furthermore, the heat exchanger can be used as a charge air cooler for cooling compressed charge air for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention is designed as a Ganzaluminium despreertrager, which is preferably completely solderable and / or weldable. Such heat exchangers are "sorted" and therefore fully recyclable.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section of a designed as a coolant radiator 1 heat exchanger, which is used in a coolant circuit, not shown, for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • the coolant radiator 1 is - as shown in the drawing - installed in the motor vehicle, ie as a cross-flow cooler, which has only partially shown tube-rib block 2 and two manifolds, of which only a bottom part 3 is shown.
  • the cover part, not shown, serves the closure of the bottom part 3 and corresponds to the aforementioned DE 10 2005 031 475 A1 the entire disclosure of which is included in the present application.
  • the tube-fin block 2 has a plurality of flat tubes 4, between which corrugated fins 5 are arranged.
  • the bottom part 3 consists of a bottom 3a, which tube ends 4a of the flat tubes 4 receives, and two integrally connected to the bottom 3a, arranged in parallel side walls 3b, 3c. On the outer surface of the side wall 3c in the region of the flat tubes manifestations 7 can be seen, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • Fig. 2 shows the bottom part 3 in a perspective view with a view of the convex bottom 3a, which has transversely extending, slot-shaped openings 6 in the form of passages with narrow sides 6a and long sides 6b.
  • the passages 6 are in their longitudinal direction, ie extended with their narrow sides 6a over the inside width between the two side walls 3b, 3c out by in the side walls 3b, 3c outwardly curved shapes or pockets 7 are formed.
  • the slots 6 have in their central region opposite, inwardly directed lugs 8, which engage in a bead of a not shown Sick tube (flat tube with a central, extending in the longitudinal direction bead).
  • Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the bottom part in the middle region of the bottom 3a, so that the lugs 8 appear in a cut Darrwolf.
  • the inner surfaces 7a of the pronounced pockets 7 can be seen with a view of the side wall 3c located behind the plane of the drawing.
  • the shape and contour of the inner surfaces 7a corresponds to the outer contour of the flat tubes, which are not shown here, and which are inserted into the passages 6.
  • Fig. 4 shows a detail of a pipe / floor connection between a flat tube end 4a and a passage 6 in the region of its narrow side, which has the pocket-shaped characteristic 7 according to the invention.
  • the side wall 3c has a wall thickness s, opposite which the pocket 7 is offset outwards.
  • the inner surface 7a of the pocket 7 is offset outwardly from the inner surface of the side wall 3c by the depth t, where t ⁇ s.
  • the flat tube 4 or its tube end 4a have a common front edge (trailing edge) 4b whose extension lies within the wall thickness s of the side wall 3c.
  • the extension of the front edge 4b represents a resultant R shown in dashed lines with the introduction of forces from the pipe 4 on the side wall 3c or vice versa.
  • the partial forms 7 of the side walls 3b, 3c can in principle with conventional tools, eg. B. a stamp, as known from the aforementioned prior art, are produced. Thus, in principle no special additional tools for the production of the pockets 7 are required.
  • the coolant radiator is made entirely of aluminum parts, so it is designed as a so-called Ganzaluminiumkühler and therefore completely, d. H. be soldered in one operation.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention with pronounced pockets 7 can also be designed as a charge air cooler, d. H. used for the cooling of compressed charge air for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles.
  • the pipes carrying the charge air have an approximately rectangular cross-section, d. H. with a long and a narrow side, wherein the inner contour of the pockets 7 is to be adapted accordingly to the contour of the charge air pipes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Sammelkasten nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 sowie einen Wärmeübertrager nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 3 - jeweils bekannt durch die EP 1 515 109 A2 .The invention relates to a collecting box according to the preamble of claim 1 and a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 3 - each known by the EP 1 515 109 A2 ,

Durch die DE 10 2005 031 475 A1 wurde des Weiteren ein Sammelkasten für einen Wärmeübertrager und ein Wärmeübertrager mit zwei derartigen Sammelkästen bekannt, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Kühlmittelkühler für ein Kraftfahrzeug. Der bekannte Wärmeübertrager ist als Ganzaluminiumwärmeübertrager ausgebildet und vorzugsweise komplett, d. h. in einem Arbeitsgang gelötet. Der bekannte Wärmeübertrager weist im Wesentlichen einen Rohr-Rippen-Block, welcher aus Flachrohren und zwischen diesen angeordneten Wellrippen besteht, sowie zwei Sammelkästen auf, wobei die Enden der Flachrohre jeweils in die Sammelkästen münden. Der bekannte Wärmeübertrager wird primärseitig von einem Wärmeübertragerfluid, insbesondere einem Kühlmittel eines Kühlkreislaufes für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine und sekundärseitig von Umgebungsluft durchströmt. Die Sammelkästen des bekannten Wärmeübertragers sind im Wesentlichen zweiteilig ausgebildet, d. h. sie weisen ein Bodenteil, bestehend aus einem Boden und zumindest zwei daran anschließenden, parallel angeordneten Seitenwänden, sowie ein Deckelteil auf. Bodenteil und Deckelteil sowie zusätzliche Stirnwände bilden einen geschlossenen Kasten. Im Boden sind quer zu dessen Längsrichtung verlaufende Schlitze zur Aufnahme der Flachrohrenden angeordnet. Die Schlitze erstrecken sich in ihrer Längsrichtung im Wesentlichen über die volle Breite des Bodens, d. h. sie reichen von einer Seitenwand bis zur anderen Seitenwand.By the DE 10 2005 031 475 A1 Furthermore, a collecting tank for a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger with two such collection boxes was known, in particular for use as a coolant radiator for a motor vehicle. The known heat exchanger is designed as a Ganzaluminiumwärmeübertrager and preferably completely, that is soldered in one operation. The known heat exchanger essentially has a tube-and-fin block, which consists of flat tubes and corrugated ribs arranged between them, and two collecting boxes, with the ends of the flat tubes each opening into the collecting boxes. The known heat exchanger is the primary side flows through by a heat transfer fluid, in particular a coolant of a cooling circuit for an internal combustion engine and the secondary side of ambient air. The headers of the known heat exchanger are formed substantially in two parts, ie they have a bottom part, consisting of a bottom and at least two adjoining, parallel side walls, and a cover part. Bottom part and lid part and additional end walls form a closed box. In the bottom extending slots are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction for receiving the flat tube ends. The Slits extend in their longitudinal direction substantially over the full width of the floor, ie they extend from one side wall to the other side wall.

Der bekannte Wärmeübertrager kann auch zusätzliche Trennwände in den Sammelkästen aufweisen und somit als Mehrkreiswärmeübertrager, z. B. als Kühlmittelkühler mit einem ersten Teilkühler für einen Hochtemperaturkreislauf und einem zweiten Teilkühler für einen Niedrigtemperaturkreislauf eingesetzt werden. Beim Betrieb eines solchen Kühlmittelkühlers können infolge unterschiedlicher Temperaturen in den einzelnen Rohren des Rohr-Rippen-Blockes erhebliche Spannungen, hervorgerufen durch unterschiedliche Dehnungen, auftreten. Insbesondere im Bereich der Trennwände sind derartige mechanische Beanspruchungen am größten mit der Folge, dass insbesondere die Rohr/Boden-Verbindungen in diesem Bereich stark belastet sind, insbesondere bei wechselnden Temperaturen und Beanspruchungen. Die Rohr/Boden-Verbindungen sind insbesondere an ihren Schmalseiten am stärksten beansprucht, was seine Ursache in zusätzlichen Biegespannungen hat, welche den Zug- oder Druckspannungen überlagert sind. Der Boden des Bodenteiles weist gegenüber den Schmalseiten der Rohre in Tiefenrichtung, d. h. in Luftströmungsrichtung einen Überstand auf, welcher als Hebelarm wirkt und einen Anteil der komplexen dreidimensionalen Biegespannung hervorruft.The known heat exchanger may also have additional partitions in the headers and thus as a multi-circuit heat exchanger, z. B. can be used as a coolant radiator with a first part cooler for a high-temperature circuit and a second part cooler for a low-temperature circuit. During operation of such a coolant radiator, as a result of different temperatures in the individual tubes of the tube-and-fin block, considerable stresses, caused by different expansions, can occur. In particular, in the area of the partitions such mechanical stresses are greatest, with the result that in particular the pipe / floor connections are heavily loaded in this area, especially at changing temperatures and stresses. The pipe / floor connections are particularly the most stressed on their narrow sides, which has its cause in additional bending stresses, which are superimposed on the tensile or compressive stresses. The bottom of the bottom part facing the narrow sides of the tubes in the depth direction, d. H. in the air flow direction on a supernatant, which acts as a lever arm and causes a proportion of the complex three-dimensional bending stress.

Es sind Lösungsvorschläge bekannt, um die mechanischen Beanspruchungen eines Wärmeübertragers, insbesondere im Bereich der Rohr/Boden-Verbindungen zu reduzieren. Durch die DE 103 43 239 A1 wurde ein Wärmeübertrager mit einem Durchzüge aufweisenden Rohrboden bekannt. Die länglich ausgebildeten Durchzüge zur Aufnahme von Flachrohren erstrecken sich im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Breite des Rohrbodens und sind durch umlaufende, trichterförmig ausgebildete Flanken versteift. Nachteilig bei dem bekannten Wärmeübertrager ist auch hier, dass zwischen den Schmalseiten der Durchzüge und dem Längsrand des Rohrbodens ein Überstand besteht, welcher bei thermomechanischer Innendruckbeanspruchung des Sammelkastens einen Hebelarm bildet und somit Biegespannungen an den Schmal- bzw. Stirnseiten der Rohr/Boden-Verbindung hervorruft. Insbesondere bewirkt dies eine Dehnung der Komponenten.Proposed solutions are known in order to reduce the mechanical stresses of a heat exchanger, in particular in the area of the pipe / floor connections. By the DE 103 43 239 A1 was a heat exchanger with a passages having tubesheet known. The elongated passages for receiving flat tubes extend substantially over the entire width of the tube plate and are stiffened by circumferential, funnel-shaped flanks. A disadvantage of the known heat exchanger is also here that between the narrow sides of the passages and the longitudinal edge of the tube plate, a projection exists, which forms a lever arm at thermo-mechanical internal pressure stress of the header box and thus bending stresses causes the narrow or end faces of the pipe / floor connection. In particular, this causes an elongation of the components.

Dem erwähnten Problem der Biegespannungen wurde durch eine Lösung nach der DE 103 16 756 A1 dadurch Rechnung getragen, dass zwischen der Schmalseite der Rohr/Boden-Verbindung und dem Rand des Rohrbodens eine Einlegeleiste angeordnet ist, welche als Versteifung des Bodens in dem kritischen Bereich wirkt und somit die mehrdimensionalen Spannungen herabsetzt. Nachteilig hierbei ist das zusätzliche Gewicht und der bleibende Überstand des Rohrbodens gegenüber den Flachrohren in Tiefenrichtung, was eine erhöhte Bautiefe mit sich bringt.The mentioned problem of bending stresses was solved by a solution according to DE 103 16 756 A1 thereby taken into account that between the narrow side of the pipe / floor connection and the edge of the tube sheet a Einlegeleiste is arranged, which acts as a stiffening of the soil in the critical region and thus reduces the multi-dimensional stresses. The disadvantage here is the additional weight and the remaining supernatant of the tube plate against the flat tubes in the depth direction, which brings an increased depth.

Eine andere Bauweise für Wärmeübertrager ist durch so genannte Flachrohr-Kondensatoren für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt, wobei als Sammelbehälter für das auf die Rohre zu verteilende Kältemittel Sammelrohre Verwendung finden, welche aufgrund der relativ hohen Innendruckbeanspruchung einen im Wesentlichen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen. Die Sammelrohre können einteilig oder zweiteilig ausgebildet sein, d. h. mit einem Bodenteil, in welchem schlitzförmige Durchzüge angeordnet sind, und einem Deckelteil, welches mit dem Bodenteil verlötet wird. Durch die DE 41 30 517 A1 wurde ein Flachrohrkondensator mit einem Sammelrohr bekannt, welches zweiteilig, d. h. aus einem Bodenteil und einem Deckelteil aufgebaut ist. Die im gewölbten Bodenteil angeordneten Durchzüge erstrecken sich über die gesamte lichte Weite des Bodenteiles und nehmen die Flachrohrenden in sich auf. Der gesamte Flachrohrkondensator wird in der Regel in einem Arbeitsgang gelötet.Another design for heat exchangers is known by so-called flat-tube condensers for motor vehicles, being used as a collecting container for the pipes to be distributed to the refrigerant headers, which have a substantially circular cross-section due to the relatively high internal pressure stress. The manifolds may be formed in one or two parts, ie with a bottom part, in which slot-shaped passages are arranged, and a lid part which is soldered to the bottom part. By the DE 41 30 517 A1 a flat tube condenser with a manifold was known, which is constructed in two parts, ie, a bottom part and a cover part. The arranged in the arched bottom part passages extend over the entire clear width of the bottom part and take the flat tube ends in itself. The entire flat tube capacitor is usually soldered in one operation.

Durch die EP 714 008 A2 wurde ein Wärmeübertrager in Form eines Flachrohrkondensators mit einem einstückigen Sammelrohr bekannt, welches einen geschlossenen, im Wesentlichen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweist. Das Sammelrohr weist quer zur Längsrichtung verlaufende Schlitze auf, welche die Enden von Flachrohren eines Rohr-Rippen-Blockes in sich aufnehmen. Die Schlitze weisen - nach Ausführungsbeispielen gemäß Fig. 6 bis 10 - eine Schlitzlänge (entsprechend der Tiefe eines Flachrohres) auf, welche größer als der Innendurchmesser des Sammelrohres ist. Dies wird durch eine partielle radiale Aufweitung der Wände des Sammelrohres in Form von Nuten oder Taschen erreicht, in welchen die Stirnseiten der Flachrohre zur Anlage kommen. Die Schlitznuten weisen jeweils eine Schulter auf, welche als Anschlag für die Einstecktiefe der Flachrohre dient.By the EP 714 008 A2 a heat exchanger in the form of a flat tube condenser with a one-piece collecting tube has been known which has a closed, substantially circular cross-section. The manifold has transverse to the longitudinal direction extending slots which receive the ends of flat tubes of a tube-rib block in it. The slots have - according to embodiments of FIG. 6 to 10 - a slot length (corresponding to the depth of a flat tube), which is greater than the inner diameter of the manifold. This is done by a achieved partial radial expansion of the walls of the manifold in the form of grooves or pockets, in which the end faces of the flat tubes come to rest. The slot grooves each have a shoulder which serves as a stop for the insertion depth of the flat tubes.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Sammelkasten und einen Wärmeübertrager der eingangs genannten Art derart zu gestalten, dass die mechanischen Beanspruchungen der Bauteile wie Rohre und Rohrboden sowie der Rohr/Boden-Verbindungen verringert werden.It is an object of the present invention to design a collecting box and a heat exchanger of the type mentioned in such a way that the mechanical stresses on the components such as pipes and tubesheet and the pipe / floor connections are reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird zunächst durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst, wobei vorgesehen ist, dass die Schlitzlänge, d. h. von Schmalseite zu Schmalseite derart verlängert ist, dass die Schmalseiten der Öffnungen (Durchzüge) und der Flachrohre im Bereich der Wandstärke der Seitenwände des Bodenteiles liegen. Die Verlängerungen der Vorder- und Hinterkanten der Flachrohre fallen also in den Bereich zwischen der Innenfläche und der Außenfläche der Seitenwände. Damit wird der Vorteil erreicht, dass bei einer Einleitung von Kräften aus den Rohren, insbesondere im Bereich deren Schmalseiten, in die Sammelkästen ein Hebelarm entfällt und somit schädliche Biegebeanspruchungen vermieden werden. Die vom Rohr auf den Sammelkasten bzw. vom Sammelkasten auf das Rohr eingeleiteten Kräfte haben eine Resultierende, welche in der Naht der Rohr/Boden-Verbindung im Schmalseitenbereich und im Bereich der Wandstärke der Seitenwände liegt. Damit werden nur noch Schubspannungen übertragen, welche weniger schädlich sind und den Wärmeübertrager geringer beanspruchen. Folglich kann der Wärmeübertrager mit geringeren Wandstärken dimensioniert und damit leichter gebaut werden.This object is first achieved by the features of claim 1, wherein it is provided that the slot length, d. H. is extended from narrow side to narrow side so that the narrow sides of the openings (passages) and the flat tubes are in the range of wall thickness of the side walls of the bottom part. The extensions of the front and rear edges of the flat tubes thus fall in the area between the inner surface and the outer surface of the side walls. Thus, the advantage is achieved that with an introduction of forces from the tubes, especially in the area of their narrow sides, a lever arm is omitted in the headers and thus harmful bending stresses are avoided. The forces introduced from the pipe onto the collecting box or from the collecting box onto the pipe have a resultant which lies in the seam of the pipe / floor connection in the narrow side area and in the area of the wall thickness of the side walls. This only shear stresses are transmitted, which are less harmful and lower stress on the heat exchanger. Consequently, the heat exchanger can be dimensioned with smaller wall thicknesses and thus easier to build.

In den Seitenwänden des Sammelkastens, d. h. des Bodenteiles sind im Bereich der schlitzförmigen Öffnungen nach außen gewölbte, lokale Ausprägungen vorgesehen, welche Taschen bzw. Nuten zur Aufnahme der Schmalseiten der Flachrohrenden des Wärmeübertragers bilden. Die Flachrohre verlöten im Bereich ihrer Schmalseiten bzw. Stirnseiten mit den Innenflächen der Taschen. Im Bereich der Lotnaht werden die aus Wärmedehnungen resultierenden Schubkräfte auf das Bodenteil bzw. dessen Seitenwände übertragen. Die Taschen weisen eine Tiefe t (in Längsrichtung der Öffnungen) auf, welche geringer als die Wandstärke s der Seitenwände ist.In the side walls of the collecting tank, ie the bottom part, in the region of the slot-shaped openings, convex, local forms are provided which form pockets or grooves for receiving the narrow sides of the flat tube ends of the heat exchanger. The flat tubes solder in the region of their narrow sides or end faces with the inner surfaces of the pockets. In the area of the solder seam, the shear forces resulting from thermal expansion are applied to the bottom part or transfer its side walls. The pockets have a depth t (in the longitudinal direction of the openings) which is less than the wall thickness s of the side walls.

Es ist ferner vorgesehen, dass die Innenkontur der Taschen der Außenkontur der Flachrohre in deren Schmalseitenbereich entspricht: bei Abrundung der Flachrohre im Stirnseitenbereich können die Taschen somit eine halbkreisförmige Innenkontur bzw. eine halbkreiszylindrische Fläche aufweisen. Bei einer mehr rechteckförmig ausgebildeten Schmalseite ist ein entsprechender Querschnitt für die Taschen vorzusehen, sodass sich eine hinreichende Anlagefläche zur Verlötung und damit zur Kraftübertragung ergibt.It is further provided that the inner contour of the pockets of the outer contour of the flat tubes in the narrow side region corresponds: when rounding the flat tubes in the end region, the pockets can thus have a semicircular inner contour or a halbkreiszylindrische surface. In a more rectangular shaped narrow side, a corresponding cross section for the pockets must be provided, so that there is sufficient contact surface for soldering and thus power transmission.

Die schlitzförmigen Öffnungen sind im Boden als Durchzüge ausgebildet, sodass sich eine vergrößerte Anlagefläche zwischen Boden und Rohrumfang, d. h. eine vergrößerte Lötfläche zur Aufnahme der Flachrohrenden ergibt. Damit wird einerseits eine Versteifung des Bodens und andererseits eine verbesserte Aufnahme der Rohrenden erreicht. Der Boden des Bodenteiles ist vorzugsweise - aus Stabilitätsgründen - gewölbt, kann jedoch auch im Wesentlichen eben ausgebildet sein. Die Herstellung der Durchzüge erfolgt mit nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Werkzeugen, z. B. Stempeln, die ein Lochstanzen, Kragenziehen und ein Aufweiten bzw. Ausprägen von Taschen in den Seitenwänden ermöglichen.The slot-shaped openings are formed in the floor as passages, so that an enlarged contact surface between the floor and pipe circumference, d. H. an enlarged soldering surface for receiving the flat tube ends results. This on the one hand, a stiffening of the soil and on the other hand, an improved absorption of the pipe ends is achieved. The bottom of the bottom part is preferably - for reasons of stability - arched, but may also be formed substantially flat. The production of the passages takes place with tools known from the prior art, for. As punches that allow a hole punching, collar pulling and expanding or stamping pockets in the side walls.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird auch durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 3 gelöst, d. h. durch einen Wärmeübertrager mit mindestens einem Sammelkasten, welcher die Merkmale der vorhergehenden Ansprüche aufweist.The object of the invention is also solved by the features of claim 3, d. H. by a heat exchanger with at least one collecting box, which has the features of the preceding claims.

Bevorzugt ist der Wärmeübertrager als Kühlmittelkühler für einen Kühlkreislauf eines Verbrennungsmotors eines Kraftfahrzeuges ausgebildet. Ferner ist der Wärmeübertrager als Ladeluftkühler zur Kühlung von komprimierter Ladeluft für einen Verbrennungsmotor eines Kraftfahrzeuges einsetzbar.Preferably, the heat exchanger is designed as a coolant radiator for a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. Furthermore, the heat exchanger can be used as a charge air cooler for cooling compressed charge air for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.

Insbesondere für die Anwendungen im Kraftfahrzeug ist der erfindungsgemäße Wärmeübertrager als Ganzaluminiumwärmeübertrager ausgebildet, welcher vorzugsweise komplett löt- und/oder schweißbar ist. Derartige Wärmeübertrager sind "sortenrein" und daher voll recyclebar.In particular, for applications in motor vehicles, the heat exchanger according to the invention is designed as a Ganzaluminiumwärmeübertrager, which is preferably completely solderable and / or weldable. Such heat exchangers are "sorted" and therefore fully recyclable.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen Ausschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlmittelkühlers in perspektivischer Darstellung,
Fig. 2
einen Ausschnitt eines Bodenteiles des Kühlmittelkühlers gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Teilschnitt durch das Bodenteil mit erfindungsgemäßen Ausprägungen und
Fig. 4
eine Einzelheit einer Rohr/Boden-Verbindung im Bereich der erfindungsgemäßen Ausprägung.
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
a section of a coolant radiator according to the invention in a perspective view,
Fig. 2
a section of a bottom part of the coolant radiator according to Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
a partial section through the bottom part with features of the invention and
Fig. 4
a detail of a pipe / floor connection in the range of the inventive expression.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Ausschnitt eines als Kühlmittelkühler 1 ausgebildeten Wärmeübertragers, welcher in einem nicht dargestellten Kühlmittelkreislauf für einen Verbrennungsmotor eines Kraftfahrzeuges einsetzbar ist. Der Kühlmittelkühler 1 ist - wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt - im Kraftfahrzeug eingebaut, d. h. als Querstromkühler, welcher einen nur teilweise dargestellten Rohr-Rippen-Block 2 sowie zwei Sammelkästen aufweist, von welchen lediglich ein Bodenteil 3 dargestellt ist. Das nicht dargestellte Deckelteil dient dem Verschluss des Bodenteiles 3 und entspricht der eingangs genannten DE 10 2005 031 475 A1 , deren gesamter Offenbarungsgehalt in die vorliegende Anmeldung einbezogen wird. Der Rohr-Rippen-Block 2 weist eine Vielzahl von Flachrohren 4 auf, zwischen denen Wellrippen 5 angeordnet sind. Das Bodenteil 3 besteht aus einem Boden 3a, welcher Rohrenden 4a der Flachrohre 4 aufnimmt, und aus zwei an den Boden 3a einstückig anschließenden, parallel angeordneten Seitenwänden 3b, 3c. An der Außenfläche der Seitenwand 3c sind im Bereich der Flachrohre Ausprägungen 7 erkennbar, welche unten näher erläutert werden. Fig. 1 shows a section of a designed as a coolant radiator 1 heat exchanger, which is used in a coolant circuit, not shown, for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The coolant radiator 1 is - as shown in the drawing - installed in the motor vehicle, ie as a cross-flow cooler, which has only partially shown tube-rib block 2 and two manifolds, of which only a bottom part 3 is shown. The cover part, not shown, serves the closure of the bottom part 3 and corresponds to the aforementioned DE 10 2005 031 475 A1 the entire disclosure of which is included in the present application. The tube-fin block 2 has a plurality of flat tubes 4, between which corrugated fins 5 are arranged. The bottom part 3 consists of a bottom 3a, which tube ends 4a of the flat tubes 4 receives, and two integrally connected to the bottom 3a, arranged in parallel side walls 3b, 3c. On the outer surface of the side wall 3c in the region of the flat tubes manifestations 7 can be seen, which will be explained in more detail below.

Fig. 2 zeigt das Bodenteil 3 in perspektivischer Darstellung mit Blick auf den nach außen gewölbten Boden 3a, welcher quer verlaufende, schlitzförmige Öffnungen 6 in Form von Durchzügen mit Schmalseiten 6a und Längsseiten 6b aufweist. Die Durchzüge 6 sind in ihrer Längsrichtung, d. h. mit ihren Schmalseiten 6a über die lichte Weite zwischen den beiden Seitenwänden 3b, 3c hinaus verlängert, indem in die Seitenwände 3b, 3c nach außen gewölbte Ausprägungen bzw. Taschen 7 eingeformt sind. Die Schlitze 6 weisen in ihrem mittleren Bereich sich gegenüber liegende, nach innen gerichtete Nasen 8 auf, welche in eine Sicke eines nicht dargestellten Sickenrohres (Flachrohr mit mittlerer, in Längsrichtung verlaufender Sicke) eingreifen. Fig. 2 shows the bottom part 3 in a perspective view with a view of the convex bottom 3a, which has transversely extending, slot-shaped openings 6 in the form of passages with narrow sides 6a and long sides 6b. The passages 6 are in their longitudinal direction, ie extended with their narrow sides 6a over the inside width between the two side walls 3b, 3c out by in the side walls 3b, 3c outwardly curved shapes or pockets 7 are formed. The slots 6 have in their central region opposite, inwardly directed lugs 8, which engage in a bead of a not shown Sick tube (flat tube with a central, extending in the longitudinal direction bead).

Fig. 3 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch das Bodenteil in mittlerem Bereich des Bodens 3a, sodass auch die Nasen 8 in geschnittener Darrstellung erscheinen. Man erkennt mit Blick auf die hinter der Zeichenebene liegende Seitenwand 3c die Innenflächen 7a der ausgeprägten Taschen 7. Die Form und Kontur der Innenflächen 7a entspricht der Außenkontur der hier nicht dargestellten Flachrohre, welche in die Durchzüge 6 eingesetzt werden. Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the bottom part in the middle region of the bottom 3a, so that the lugs 8 appear in a cut Darrstellung. The inner surfaces 7a of the pronounced pockets 7 can be seen with a view of the side wall 3c located behind the plane of the drawing. The shape and contour of the inner surfaces 7a corresponds to the outer contour of the flat tubes, which are not shown here, and which are inserted into the passages 6.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Einzelheit einer Rohr/Boden-Verbindung zwischen einem Flachrohrende 4a und einem Durchzug 6 im Bereich dessen Schmalseite, welche die erfindungsgemäße taschenförmige Ausprägung 7 aufweist. Die Seitenwand 3c weist eine Wandstärke s auf, gegenüber welcher die Tasche 7 nach außen versetzt ist. Die Innenfläche 7a der Tasche 7 ist gegenüber der Innenfläche der Seitenwand 3c um die Tiefe t nach außen versetzt, wobei t < s ist. Das Flachrohr 4 bzw. dessen Rohrende 4a weisen eine gemeinsame Vorderkante (Hinterkante) 4b auf, deren Verlängerung innerhalb der Wandstärke s der Seitenwand 3c liegt. Die Verlängerung der Vorderkante 4b stellt eine gestrichelt dargestellte Resultierende R bei der Einleitung von Kräften vom Rohr 4 auf die Seitenwand 3c bzw. umgekehrt dar. Aus der zeichnerischen Darstellung ist ersichtlich, dass bei dieser Krafteinleitung (über die Resultierende R) im Schmalseitenbereich der Rohr/Boden-Verbindung kein Hebelarm vorliegt, welcher eine Biegespannung im Hinblick auf die Rohr/Boden-Verbindung hervorrufen könnte. Vielmehr werden die in Längsrichtung des Rohres 4 übertragenen Kräfte im Bereich der Lötnaht (entspricht der Innenfläche 7a) nur durch Schubspannungen übertragen. Dies hat eine Verringerung der mechanischen Beanspruchung der Rohr/Boden-Verbindung zur Folge. Als zusätzlicher Vorteil ergibt sich - im Hinblick auf den eingangs erwähnten Stand der Technik -eine Verringerung der Bautiefe infolge Wegfalls eines Bodenüberstandes, welcher praktisch auf die Wandstärke s der Seitenwände geschrumpft ist. Fig. 4 shows a detail of a pipe / floor connection between a flat tube end 4a and a passage 6 in the region of its narrow side, which has the pocket-shaped characteristic 7 according to the invention. The side wall 3c has a wall thickness s, opposite which the pocket 7 is offset outwards. The inner surface 7a of the pocket 7 is offset outwardly from the inner surface of the side wall 3c by the depth t, where t <s. The flat tube 4 or its tube end 4a have a common front edge (trailing edge) 4b whose extension lies within the wall thickness s of the side wall 3c. The extension of the front edge 4b represents a resultant R shown in dashed lines with the introduction of forces from the pipe 4 on the side wall 3c or vice versa. From the graphic representation can be seen that at this force (over the resultant R) in the narrow side of the pipe / Ground connection no lever arm is present, which could cause a bending stress in terms of the pipe / floor connection. Rather, the forces transmitted in the longitudinal direction of the tube 4 in the area of the solder seam (corresponding to the inner surface 7a) are transmitted only by shear stresses. This has one Reduction of the mechanical stress of the pipe / floor connection result. As an additional advantage results - in view of the above-mentioned prior art - a reduction in the depth due to omission of a bottom projection, which is practically shrunk to the wall thickness s of the side walls.

Die partiellen Ausprägungen 7 der Seitenwände 3b, 3c können im Prinzip mit herkömmlichen Werkzeugen, z. B. einem Stempel, wie aus dem eingangs erwähnten Stand der Technik bekannt, hergestellt werden. Somit sind prinzipiell keine besonderen Zusatzwerkzeuge zur Herstellung der Taschen 7 erforderlich.The partial forms 7 of the side walls 3b, 3c can in principle with conventional tools, eg. B. a stamp, as known from the aforementioned prior art, are produced. Thus, in principle no special additional tools for the production of the pockets 7 are required.

Der Kühlmittelkühler besteht vollständig aus Aluminiumteilen, ist also als so genannter Ganzaluminiumkühler ausgebildet und kann daher komplett, d. h. in einem Arbeitsgang gelötet werden.The coolant radiator is made entirely of aluminum parts, so it is designed as a so-called Ganzaluminiumkühler and therefore completely, d. H. be soldered in one operation.

Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmeübertrager mit ausgeprägten Taschen 7 kann auch als Ladeluftkühler ausgebildet sein, d. h. für die Kühlung von komprimierter Ladeluft für Verbrennungsmotoren von Kraftfahrzeugen verwendet werden. In der Regel weisen die die Ladeluft führenden Rohre einen etwa rechteckförmigen Querschnitt auf, d. h. mit einer langen und einer schmalen Seite, wobei die Innenkontur der Taschen 7 entsprechend an die Kontur der Ladeluftrohre anzupassen ist.The heat exchanger according to the invention with pronounced pockets 7 can also be designed as a charge air cooler, d. H. used for the cooling of compressed charge air for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles. In general, the pipes carrying the charge air have an approximately rectangular cross-section, d. H. with a long and a narrow side, wherein the inner contour of the pockets 7 is to be adapted accordingly to the contour of the charge air pipes.

Claims (6)

  1. A collecting box for a heat exchanger (1) having flat tubes (4), with a bottom part (3) having a bottom (3a) and two side walls (3b, 3c) and in particular one or two front walls, wherein the bottom (3a) has slit-shaped openings (6) extending between the side walls (3b, 3c) for receiving ends (4a) of the flat tubes (4) and wherein the openings (6) have-analogous to the cross-section of the ends (4a) of the flat tubes - narrow sides (6a) and longitudinal sides (6b), wherein the narrow sides (6a) are arranged in the region of the wall thickness (s) of the side walls (3b, 3c), wherein the side walls (3b, 3c) partially have pockets (7) with a depth (t) in the region of the narrow sides (6a) of the openings (6), wherein t<s and the pockets are formed as shapes (7) of the side walls (3b, 3c) and the shapes (7) have an inner contour (7a) which is adapted to the outer contour of the ends (4a) of the flat tubes in the region of their narrow sides (4b), wherein the openings are formed in the form of rim holes with narrow sides and longitudinal sides, wherein the rim holes have opposite, inwardly-directed noses (8) in their middle region which, when used, engage with a beading of a flat tube with a middle beading running in the longitudinal direction.
  2. The collecting box according to claim 1, characterised in that the bottom (3a) is curved outwards.
  3. A heat exchanger having a tube-fin block (2) and at least one collecting box, characterised in that the collecting box is formed according to at least one of the preceding claims.
  4. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterised in that it is formed and/or can be used as coolant cooler (1) or charge air cooler of a motor vehicle.
  5. The heat exchanger according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that it is formed as all-metal, in particular all-aluminium heat exchanger (1).
  6. The heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterised in that it can be completely soldered and/or welded.
EP08001032.5A 2007-02-03 2008-01-21 Header and heat exchanger with such a header Expired - Fee Related EP1953490B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102007005392A DE102007005392A1 (en) 2007-02-03 2007-02-03 Collection box and heat exchanger with such a collection box

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EP1953490A3 EP1953490A3 (en) 2013-07-03
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Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5662162A (en) * 1994-07-28 1997-09-02 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Heat exchanging apparatus

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DE4130517B4 (en) 1991-09-13 2005-12-01 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Connection box for a heat exchanger, in particular for a refrigerant condenser
DE4442040A1 (en) 1994-11-25 1996-05-30 Behr Gmbh & Co Heat exchanger with a manifold
US5842515A (en) * 1995-09-30 1998-12-01 Halla Climate Control Corporation Heat exchanger and method of manufacturing header pipe for the same
JP3760571B2 (en) * 1997-06-24 2006-03-29 株式会社デンソー Heat exchanger
US6640887B2 (en) * 2000-12-20 2003-11-04 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Two piece heat exchanger manifold
DE10316756A1 (en) 2003-04-10 2004-10-28 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchangers, in particular intercoolers for motor vehicles
EP1515109A3 (en) * 2003-09-10 2009-05-06 Delphi Technologies, Inc. A heat exchanger and method of manufacturing of a heat exchanger header tank
DE10343239B4 (en) 2003-09-17 2021-09-09 Mahle International Gmbh Heat exchanger
DE102005031475A1 (en) 2004-07-16 2006-03-16 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger box for vehicle cooling system has cover with at least one recess into which at least one end wall extends

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5662162A (en) * 1994-07-28 1997-09-02 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Heat exchanging apparatus

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