Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/046—Salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/227—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin with nitrogen-containing groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
  • C11D3/3773—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines in liquid compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
  • C11D3/3776—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. lactam
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
  • C11D1/721—End blocked ethers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to clear, liquid compositions containing anionic surfactants and water as well as cationic polymers.
• Such agents are suitable, for example, as detergents or cleaners.
• Cationic polymers are used in numerous applications such as detergents and cleaners, but also cosmetic preparations, for example, to achieve effects such as color protection, sensors and optics on a variety of substrates such as tissues, hair and hard surfaces.
• these polymers can not be formulated in combination with anionic surfactants or can only be formulated to a limited extent. This has the consequence that the use of such polymers in a desired recipe is not possible, or formulation compromises must be made in terms of their properties.
• the literature describes a large number of cationic polymers with respect to use in anionic surfactant-free formulations.
• aqueous agents can be formulated containing cationic polymers in addition to surfactants and optionally soap, although high levels of anionic surfactants may also be present when selected amounts of certain salts are included.
• the first embodiment of the invention therefore relates to a clear, liquid at 21 ° C or gelled agent comprising (a) water in amounts of 20 to 80 wt .-%, (b) nonionic, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants in amounts of total 5 to 70% by weight, (c) cationic polymers in amounts of from 0.01 to 10% by weight, (d) soaps in amounts of from 0 to 15% by weight, where these agents comprise (e) anionic surfactants in quantities from 1 to 25 wt .-%, (f) 0.1 to 5 wt .-% of water-soluble salts, and (g) optionally further ingredients, with the proviso that the amounts of components (a) to (g ) to 100% by weight.
• Turbidity refers to the property of an aqueous preparation to scatter incident light caused by undissolved, finely dispersed substances.
• the agents may be colored by means of, provided that they are only clear.
• the agents contain the components (a) to (c), (e) and (f) as compulsory ingredients, whereas the other components are optional ingredients.
• Quantities in% by weight are generally always based on the mass of the entire composition as a 100% value.
• the agents are liquid, but can also be present as a gel. In the following, their meaning and composition are described in detail:
• Water as component (a) is mandatory in amounts of at least 20 wt .-%, based on the total agent included.
• the compositions according to the present technical teaching can also be more or less highly diluted and then contain up to 80% by weight of water.
• they Preferably, however, they contain less water, for example from 20 to 80 Wt .-%, preferably from 50 to 75 wt .-% and in particular from 50 to 65 wt .-% water.
• Particularly advantageous is the range of 50 to 55 wt .-% water.
• Suitable components (b) are cationic, amphoteric and / or nonionic surfactants but preferably nonionic surfactants.
• the agents according to the invention contain exclusively nonionic surfactants as component (b), ie they are free of cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants.
• the surfactants according to component (b) are present in amounts of from 5 to 70% by weight in the compositions. However, preference is given to those agents which contain nonionic surfactants in amounts of from 10 to 45% by weight, preferably from 10 to 25% by weight and in particular in amounts of from 10 to 22% by weight.
• nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid polyglycol ethers, fatty acid amide polyglycol ethers, fatty amine polyglycol ethers, alkoxylated triglycerides, mixed ethers, optionally partially oxidized alk (en) yloligoglycosides or glucuronic acid derivatives, fatty acid N-alkylglucamides, protein hydrolysates (especially wheat-based vegetable products). , Polyol fatty acid esters, sugar esters, sorbitan esters, polysorbates and amine oxides.
• nonionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, these may have a conventional, but preferably a narrow homolog distribution.
• fatty alcohol alkoxylates, fatty acid alkoxylates or alkyl (oligo) glycosides are suitable as component (b) in the sense of the present invention.
• Alcohol ethoxylates are known as fatty alcohol or oxo alcohol ethoxylates and preferably follow the formula (I), R 2 O (CH 2 CH 2 O) n H (I) in which R 2 is a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and n is a number from 1 to 50, the range from 3 to 30 and in particular from 3 to 12 being particularly preferred.
• Typical examples are the adducts of on average 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40 and in particular 10 to 25 mol of, for example, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, Isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and technical mixtures thereof, for example, in the high pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl esters based on fats and oils or aldehydes from Roelen's oxo synthesis and as a monomer fraction in the dimerization of unsaturated fatty alcohols incurred.
• Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides are known nonionic surfactants which follow formula (II), R 1 O- [G] p (II) in which R 1 is an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10. They can be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry.
• the alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides can be derived from aldoses or ketoses with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose.
• the preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are thus alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglucosides.
• alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides having an average degree of oligomerization p of from 1.1 to 3.0. From an application point of view, those alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides whose degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7 and in particular between 1.2 and 1.4 are preferred.
• the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 11, preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
• Typical examples are butanol, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, as used, for example, in the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the hydrogenation of aldehydes from the Roelen's oxo synthesis can be obtained.
• the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can also be derived from primary alcohols having 12 to 22, preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol, and technical mixtures thereof which can be obtained as described above. Preference is given to alkyl oligoglucosides based on hydrogenated C 12/14 coconut alcohol having a DP of 1 to 3.
• R 1 O [CH 2 CH 2 O] x CH 2 CH (OM)
• R 2 (III)
• R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, or it is a radical R 2 -CH (OH) CH 2 where R 2 is a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, x represents a number from 40 to 80, and M represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
• Such surfactants also referred to as hydroxy mixed ethers, are known from the literature and are described, for example, in US Pat German application DE 19738866 described. They are prepared, for example, by reaction of 1,2-epoxyalkanes (R "CHOCH 2 ), where R" is an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 2 to 22, in particular 6 to 16, carbon atoms, with alkoxylated alcohols.
• R "CHOCH 2 ) 1,2-epoxyalkanes
• R is an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 2 to 22, in particular 6 to 16, carbon atoms
• Preferred in the context of the invention are those hydroxy mixed ethers which are derived from alkoxylates of monohydric alcohols of the formula R'-OH having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, where R is an aliphatic, saturated, straight-chain or branched alkyl radical, in particular having 6 to 16 carbon atoms ,
• R is an aliphatic, saturated, straight-chain or branched alkyl radical, in particular having 6 to 16 carbon atoms
• suitable straight-chain alcohols are butanol-1, capron-, oenanth-, Caprylic, pelargonic, capric, undecanol-1, lauryl alcohol, tridecanol-1, myristyl alcohol, pentadecanol-1, palmityl alcohol, heptadecanol-1, stearyl alcohol, nonadecanol-1, arachidyl alcohol, heneicosanol-1, behenyl alcohol, and their technical mixtures as described incurred in the high
• branched alcohols are so-called oxo alcohols, which usually carry 2 to 4 methyl groups as branches and are prepared by the oxo process and so-called Guerbet alcohols which are branched in the 2-position with an alkyl group.
• Suitable Guerbet alcohols are 2-ethylhexanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-hexyldecanol and / or 2-octyldodecanol.
• the alcohols are used in the form of their alkoxylates, which are prepared by reaction of the alcohols with ethylene oxide in a known manner.
• other hydroxy mixed ethers are known, namely those which have more than one free hydroxyl group in the molecule.
• Such compounds can be prepared, for example, by reacting diols, preferably alkylene glycols and their derivatives, preferably polyethylene glycols, each with two moles of an alkyl epoxide (R-CHOCH 2 ) per mole of the diol.
• compositions of the invention necessarily contain a cationic polymer, which should preferably be water-soluble.
• Suitable cationic polymers are for example cationic cellulose derivatives, cationic starch, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazole polymers, condensation products of polyglycols and amines, copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (Merquat ® 550), polyaminopolyamides, is preferably used as component (c) Polydiallyldialkylammoniumchlorid and in particular the polydimethyldiallyammonium chloride selected.
• polymers whose molecular weight is in the range from 1000 to 1,000,000, in particular 1,000 to 100,000, with the range from 2,000 to 20,000 being particularly preferred.
• Polydiallyldialkylammonium compounds in the context of the present invention are known and commercially available.
• the alkyl radicals in these polymers may preferably have 1 to 18 C atoms, preferably 1 to 4 C atoms.
• Such products preferably have Brookfield viscosities of from 200 to 400 mPas.
• the active substance content (AS) is typically up to 30 to 50%.
• the copolymers of polydiallyldimethylammonium can also be used, in particular co-polymers with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamides or vinylpyrrolidones.
• compositions of the invention may contain soaps, preferably sodium and potassium soaps.
• the ethanolamine salts are also suitable. In this case, amounts between 1 to 12 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 10 wt .-% and in particular in amounts of 4 to 8 wt .-% are preferred.
• the potassium or more preferably the sodium soaps of C 12 -C 18 fatty acids are used.
• soap-free formulations are also preferred.
• compositions of the invention contain anionic surfactants in amounts of 1 to 25 wt .-%. Particularly preferred are those containing anionic surfactants in amounts of 5 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 7 to 20 wt .-% and particularly preferably in amounts of 7 to 15 wt .-%. Furthermore, preference is generally given to agents which contain more than 6% by weight of anionic surfactants. As a tendency, agents with higher contents of anionic surfactants are preferred within the meaning of the present technical teaching.
• anionic surfactants are alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, ⁇ -methyl ester sulfonates, sulfo fatty acids, alkyl sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, fatty acid ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates, mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinates, mono- and dialkylsulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fatty acid isethionates,
• anionic surfactants Polyglycoletherketten may contain a conventional, but preferably a narrow homolog distribution.
• soaps are not understood as anionic surfactants (e).
• alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, and benzenesulfonates are preferred.
• Alkyl and / or alkenyl ether sulfates which are suitable as component (e), are known and industrially available sulfation products of linear fatty alcohols or partially branched oxo alcohols. They are preferably of the formula (IV), RO (CH 2 CH 2 O) n SO 3 X (IV) in which R is a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 10 and X is alkali and / or alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium.
• Ether sulfates of the type mentioned are industrially produced by sulfation and subsequent neutralization of the corresponding alcohol polyglycol ether. Typical examples are the sulfates based on addition products of 1 to 10 and in particular 2 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide to caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol , Linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, elaeostearyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures in the form of sodium, potassium or magnesium salts. Alkyl ether sulfates are particularly preferred nonionic sur
• Alkyl and / or alkenyl sulfates which are also frequently referred to as fatty alcohol sulfates, are the sulfation products of primary alcohols which follow formula (V), R 1 O-SO 3 X (V) in which R 1 is a linear or branched, aliphatic alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and X is an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium.
• V formula (V)
• R 1 is a linear or branched, aliphatic alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms
• X is an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium.
• alkyl sulfates which can be used according to the invention are the sulfation products of caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, Behenyl alcohol and erucyl alcohol and their technical mixtures obtained by high-pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl ester fractions or aldehydes from the Roelen oxo synthesis.
• the sulfation products can preferably be used in the form of their alkali metal salts and in particular their sodium salts. Particular preference is given to alkyl sulfates based on C 16/18 tallow fatty alcohols or vegetable fatty alcohols of comparable C chain distribution in the form of their sodium salts.
• alkylbenzenesulfonates are the alkylbenzenesulfonates (ABS). These preferably follow the formula R'-Ph-SO 3 X in the R 'for a branched, but preferably linear, alkyl radical of 10 to 18 carbon atoms, Ph for one Phenyl radical and X is an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium. Preference is given to using dodecylbenzenesulfonates, tetradecylbenzenesulfonates, hexadecylbenzenesulfonates and technical mixtures thereof in the form of the sodium salts.
• ABS alkylbenzenesulfonates
• compositions according to the invention receive water-soluble salts in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%.
• Water-soluble are those salts which have a solubility of at least 25 g of salt in 100 ml of water and preferably of at least 30 g of salt per 100 ml of water at 21 ° C.
• the water-soluble salts (f) are in particular selected from the group of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate and mixtures thereof.
• Ammonium compounds can also be used, for example ammonium chloride.
• the sodium chloride is selected.
• the salts lead in the amounts claimed to the desired stabilization of the aqueous agents.
• the salts are added in amounts of at least 0.1% by weight, based on the total amount of the agent.
• the Upper limit is 5 to a maximum of 10 wt .-%.
• the agents contain the salts in amounts of from 0.5 to 3% by weight and in particular from 1 to 2.5% by weight.
• the amount of salts may vary depending on the nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants and possibly also the soap contained in the formulation. As a rule, with a higher content of anionic surfactants, a larger amount of salts is necessary to be able to formulate clear means.
• the means according to the present invention can be stabilized only by the addition of at least 1 wt .-% of salts.
• compositions according to the invention may also contain other typical ingredients, such as inorganic or organic bases or acids, other pH regulants, defoamers, viscosity regulators, biocides, preservatives, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, perfumes or doffers, dyes aqueous solvents, hydroxycarboxylic acids and / or phosphonates.
• Other ingredients in this category may include bleaches, bleach boosters, optical brighteners, preservatives, and builders. Auxiliaries and additives are in principle optional - the agents according to the invention can therefore also be completely free of these substances.
• Suitable organic solvents are, for example, monofunctional and / or polyfunctional alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• compositions preferably contain from 2 to 20% by weight and in particular from 5 to 15% by weight of ethanol or any mixture of ethanol and 1,2-propanediol or, in particular, of ethanol and glycerol. It is also possible that the preparations contain either in addition to the mono- and / or polyfunctional alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or polyethylene glycol alone with a molecular weight of between 200 and 2000, preferably to 600 in amounts of 2 to 17 wt .-% , As hydrotrope, for example, toluene sulfonate, xylene sulfonate, cumene sulfonate or mixtures thereof can be used.
• viscosity regulators for example, hardened castor oil, salts of long-chain fatty acids, preferably in amounts of 0 to 5 wt .-% and in particular in amounts of 0.5 to 2 wt .-%, for example, sodium, potassium, aluminum, magnesium - And titanium stearates or the sodium and / or potassium salts of behenic acid, and other polymeric compounds are used.
• Other suitable thickeners are polymeric thickeners z.
• Suitable enzymes are those from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases or mixtures thereof.
• subtilisin-type proteases and in particular proteases derived from Bacillus lentus are used. Their proportion can be about 0.2 to about 2 wt .-%.
• the enzymes may be adsorbed to carriers and / or embedded in encapsulants to protect against premature degradation.
• the agents may contain other enzyme stabilizers. For example, 0.5 to 1 wt .-% sodium formate can be used.
• proteases which are stabilized with soluble calcium salts and a calcium content of preferably about 1.2% by weight, based on the enzyme.
• boron compounds for example of boric acid, boron oxide, borax and other alkali metal borates, such as the salts of orthoboric acid (H 3 BO 3 ), of metaboric acid (HBO 2 ) and of pyroboric acid (tetraboric acid H 2 B 4 O 7 ), is particularly advantageous.
• Suitable non-surfactant-type foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and mixtures thereof with silanated silica or bistearylethylenediamide. It is also advantageous to use mixtures of different foam inhibitors, for example those of silicones, paraffins or waxes.
• the agents may contain hydroxycarboxylic acids, in particular tartrates and / or citrates, for example as builders or for regulating the pH, in amounts of up to 10% by weight.
• the agents of the invention contain hydroxycarboxylic acids in amounts of between 1 and 5% by weight, preferably between 1.5 and 3% by weight. Citrates are particularly preferred here. Also derivatized hydroxycarboxylic acid, eg alkoxylated hydroxycarboxylic acids can be used.
• the pH of the compositions according to the invention is generally from 7 to 10.5, preferably from 7 to 9.5 and in particular from 7 to 8.5.
• the setting of higher pH values, for example above 9, can be achieved by using small amounts of caustic soda or alkaline salts such as sodium carbonate or sodium silicate.
• it is also possible to formulate weakly acidic agents whose pH values are in the range from 6 to 7, preferably in the range from 6.5 to 7.5.
• the agents according to the invention are liquid or gel at 21 ° C. Liquid agents may be preferred.
• the agents of the invention preferably have viscosities (according to Hoppler, measured at 20 ° C) of preferably 5,000 but especially from 10,000 to a maximum of 50,000 mPas and in particular from 15,000 to a maximum of 50,000 mPas, wherein also the low-viscosity range of 50 to 5000 and here the Range of 1000 to 5000 mPas may be preferred.
• Gels are here dimensionally stable, easily deformable disperse systems of at least two components, usually from a solid, colloidally divided substance with long or highly branched particles (eg gelatin, silica, montmorillonite, bentonites, polysaccharides, pectins and other thickeners) and a liquid (usually water) as a dispersant.
• a solid, colloidally divided substance with long or highly branched particles eg gelatin, silica, montmorillonite, bentonites, polysaccharides, pectins and other thickeners
• a liquid usually water
• the solid substance is coherent, ie it forms a spatial network in the dispersion medium, whereby the particles adhere to one another by secondary valences or main valences at different points (adhesion points).
• the preparation of the agents is carried out in a manner known to those skilled in the art. For example, initially the water is presented, along with pH regulants and solvents. Subsequently, the surfactants and then the remaining ingredients are added. To ensure the formation of soap, the mixture can be mixed with fatty acids, then set alkaline and heated (to about 60 to 80 ° C) and then the soaps are formed in situ by adding the surfactants.
• a further embodiment of the invention relates to the use of water-soluble salts for the stabilization of aqueous liquid detergents containing anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic polymers and possibly soap side by side.
• the stabilization here leads to the avoidance of turbidity, so that the salt additive also the Turbidity of the described means prevented.
• Preferably used are: sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate, or any mixtures thereof.
• the quantities of salt correspond to the above-mentioned values for the liquid funds.
• the teaching of the present application also leads to agents which have good storage stability at high and low storage temperatures.

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• 2007
  • 2007-01-26 EP EP07001783A patent/EP1950280A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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