EP1950017B1 - Mixer drum and concrete mixer truck equiped with same - Google Patents
Mixer drum and concrete mixer truck equiped with same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1950017B1 EP1950017B1 EP07001541A EP07001541A EP1950017B1 EP 1950017 B1 EP1950017 B1 EP 1950017B1 EP 07001541 A EP07001541 A EP 07001541A EP 07001541 A EP07001541 A EP 07001541A EP 1950017 B1 EP1950017 B1 EP 1950017B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spiral
- segment
- mixing
- drum
- segments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
- B28C5/18—Mixing in containers to which motion is imparted to effect the mixing
- B28C5/20—Mixing in containers to which motion is imparted to effect the mixing rotating about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis during mixing, e.g. without independent stirrers
- B28C5/2045—Parts or components
- B28C5/2054—Drums, e.g. provided with non-rotary mixing blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
- B01F29/40—Parts or components, e.g. receptacles, feeding or discharging means
- B01F29/403—Disposition of the rotor axis
- B01F29/4033—Disposition of the rotor axis inclined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
- B01F29/60—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers
- B01F29/63—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers with fixed bars, i.e. stationary, or fixed on the receptacle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/42—Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport
- B28C5/4203—Details; Accessories
- B28C5/4268—Drums, e.g. provided with non-rotary mixing blades
Definitions
- truck mixers are known.
- Such truck mixers usually have a substantially cylindrical mixer drum, which serves to receive and mix the transportable and to be mixed flowable medium.
- These are in particular substances such as concrete screed or mortar, but other media to be mixed are conceivable.
- the mixer drum is arranged on a vehicle frame, wherein the mixer drum has a first closed end and a second provided with a filling or outlet opening rear end and is rotatable about its longitudinal axis.
- the mixer drum In the interior of the truck mixer drum there are preferably two mixing spirals offset by 180 °, in the manner of two spirals, which serve to mix and convey the transported medium within the mixing drum.
- the mixer drum is rotated about its longitudinal axis, so that the mixing of the medium located in the mixing drum is carried out by the mixing spirals.
- the mixing spirals also serve the emptying of the drum, as it is conveyed by the medium to be transported upon reversal of the direction of rotation of the truck mixer drum out of this.
- the helical mixing spirals used in mixing drums known from the prior art are nested into one another like a screw and extend along a helix along the inner wall of the mixer drum in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mixer drum.
- the individual helical mixing spiral is formed due to manufacturing aspects of individual spiral segments, which are welded together. Likewise, these spiral segments are welded to the inner wall of the truck mixer drum.
- the single spiral segment is formed as a circular sector section, wherein the ends of the spiral segment are twisted against each other or the spiral segment is twisted into each other. This for the reason to realize the slope of the mixing spiral.
- the respective end of the individual twisted spiral segment is then provided with corresponding ends of a welded further subsequent spiral segment, so that the individual helical mixing spiral composed of numerous twisted spiral segments.
- the single spiral segment is easy to process, but here again the increased wear of the spiral segments can be observed.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to propose a mixer drum with at least one mixing spiral, wherein the mixing spiral has a comparison with the known from the prior art mixing spirals higher wear resistance.
- the mixing spiral according to the invention should be easy and inexpensive to produce and be individually adaptable to the given requirements.
- the mixing spiral itself should be able to be introduced into the mixer drum in a simple manner.
- This design according to the invention of the spiral segments as planar sector sectors makes it possible to use high-strength steels of more than 200 HB, which are no longer subject to the extreme wear of standard steels. In particular, the use of steels in the order of 500 to 600 HB is possible.
- the flat spiral segments can for example be punched or cut out. Twisting or twisting no longer occurs. In this respect, much harder steels or materials can be used. This reduces the wear protection problem, so that it is generally possible to dispense with welded steel strips according to the prior art. If a wear protection is provided to further increase the life, this can be much easier to install due to the flatness of the segments. In addition, designs are possible that would not be feasible or only at considerable expense in curved surfaces.
- a second of a plurality of individual spiral segments formed and extending along a helix in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drum housing mixing spiral is provided in the mixer drum according to the invention in the interior of the drum housing, wherein the first mixing spiral and the second mixing spiral are arranged nested , In particular, these are arranged offset from each other by 180 °.
- the radius of the circular sector section forming the individual spiral segment essentially corresponds to the radius of the inner wall of the drum housing.
- the outer edge of the spiral segment resting against the inner wall is preferably formed by a straight line parallel to an inner edge of the spiral segment facing the longitudinal axis of the drum housing.
- the inner edge facing the longitudinal axis of the drum housing can also have a different course, for example that of an inwardly or outwardly curved arc.
- Such a configuration of the spiral segment is advantageous in that the individual spiral segments can be easily fitted into the mixing drum without having to carry out large adaptation deformations.
- the mixer drum According to a further embodiment of the mixer drum according to the invention, it is proposed to construct the individual spiral segment in a modular manner.
- the single spiral segment on at least one main segment and the main segment at least partially framing frame segment.
- the main segment forms predominantly the surface of the spiral segment, which is exposed to the greatest stress during operation of the mixing drum.
- the frame segment from steel, which may have a low wear resistance.
- the main segment of the individual spiral segment can then be formed from a second material, preferably from a steel sheet having a hardness of more than 200 HB, preferably from 500 to 600 HB or a PU-coated CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced) or GRP panel (glass fiber reinforced) be, ie with carbon fibers or glass fiber reinforced polyurethane coating. This has an increased wear resistance compared to the material of the frame segment.
- the configuration of the spiral segment can thus be adapted to the most diverse conditions of use, in particular to the medium to be mixed and the associated individual wear shape of the individual spiral segments, since the largest wear occurs on the surface between the welded end portions of the spiral segments ,
- Such a modular design of the individual spiral segment has the advantage that it can be constructed in a wear-specific or application-specific manner. For example. If you are under heavy load, d. H. For coarse material mixing, use harder materials for the main segment than for softer, easily mixed material. In this respect, here is a great latitude with regard to the use optimized design of the spiral segments and thus the mixing drum realized.
- a mixing of the material in the mixing drum itself possible which was previously problematic with mixing drums known from the prior art. That is, it is the dry powder or rock material introduced into the mixing drum and added only at the site with water or other liquid media, the mixing then takes place alone in the mixer drum, which regularly brings a very high wear with it.
- the main segment formed from high-strength steel or configured as a CFK or GFRP plate to the frame segment, for example by welding, gluing or the like.
- it is proposed according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the subject invention releasably connect the Hauptsegement with the frame segment.
- a connection of the two segments by means of screwing or riveting of the main and frame segment, but other conceivable releasable connections are not excluded, which withstand the stresses during operation.
- Particularly advantageous is the detachable connection, since when wear occurs only the Hauptsegement exchanged, while the frame segment, which is preferably welded to the inner wall of the mixing drum, remains in the mixing drum.
- the straight inner edge of the planar spiral segment facing the housing axis of the drum housing with a wear protection arranged perpendicular to the plane of the spiral segment or laterally of the spiral segment.
- the wear protection is preferably designed as a strip made of steel.
- CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
- GRP glass fiber reinforced plastic
- the spiral segment and / or the wear protection is made of steel, which preferably has a hardness greater than 200 HB, in particular from 500 to 600 HB.
- the spiral segment and here at least the main segment and / or the wear protection of GRP and / or CFRP and / or plastic.
- the choice of material depends essentially on the conditions of use, such as the media to be mixed, maximum limits of the mixing drum weight, etc.
- the spiral segment and / or the wear protection is coated with plastic.
- plastic preferably polyurethane (PU) is used.
- PU polyurethane
- planar circular sector-segment-shaped spiral segment design according to the invention, a plastic coating, in particular with PU, is advantageously possible.
- the individual spiral segments can now be coated with PU plastic, in particular in order to improve the insulation and to increase the wear resistance even further.
- the individual spiral segments are arranged spirally offset from each other, the centers of the Circular sector sections of the individual spiral segments lie on the longitudinal axis of the drum housing.
- the individual spiral segments are advantageously arranged at an imaginary reference plane, which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drum housing, at a preferably acute angle.
- At least one end of the individual spiral segment pointing toward the respective adjacent spiral segment has an end section angled away from the reference plane formed by the individual spiral segment and the individual spiral segments are connected to one another via these end sections.
- an uninterrupted mixing spiral is produced by the spiral segments connected via their end sections.
- a connection of the individual spiral segments over their end portions advantageously increases the stability of the mixing spiral itself.
- the individual spiral segments are welded or glued together and / or with the drum housing.
- the mixer drum is arranged on a truck mixer, which is provided with a frame on which the mixer drum is arranged rotatably and preferably inclined relative to the frame.
- the mixing drum is advantageously aligned with its first end of the drum in the direction of travel.
- the mixing drum can be filled with the medium to be mixed.
- the mixing drum can be driven via a preferably arranged at the first end of the drum housing drive in both counterclockwise and counterclockwise. Consequently on the one hand the mixing function and on the other hand the emptying function are realized.
- the mixing drum is supported by a circumferentially formed in the region of the second end of the mixing drum race on the chassis.
- the in Fig. 1 shown truck mixer 1 in the form of a truck has a frame 2, which is usually formed of two parallel longitudinal beams and a first and second support frame 3, 4 carries, on which a mixing drum 5 for mixing flowable media, such as concrete, screed or mortar added and stored.
- the mixing drum 5 has a drum housing 15 with a first front end 10 and a second rear end 11, wherein at the rear end 11, a filling or outlet opening 13 (not shown here) is provided.
- a drive 6 for the mixing drum 5 is arranged in the area of the front support block.
- the mixing drum 5 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 4 about its longitudinal axis A via a running crane 7 formed on the rear-side part of the mixing drum 5.
- the support bracket 4 at least two rollers 8, which in turn are rotatably mounted in the support frame 4 and on which the tread 7 rolls.
- the mixing drum 5 is arranged inclined relative to the frame 2.
- a hopper 12 is arranged with a not shown here and projecting into the filling or Auslassä réelle 13 outlet pipe 14 via which the mixing drum 5 can be filled with the medium to be mixed.
- a chute 16 is arranged, via which the mixed medium from the mixing drum 5 can flow.
- a cab 9 At the front end of the truck mixer 1 is a cab 9.
- Fig. 2a and 2 B are shown in the interior of a known from the prior art mixing drum 5, which inter alia in the in Fig. 1 shown truck mixer 1 is used, two nested and offset by 180 ° to each other arranged in the form of spirals trained mixing spirals 20, 21 arranged. These extend along the longitudinal axis A of the drum housing 15 from the first end 10 to the second end 11 of the mixing drum 5 for Ein Schollg. Outlet opening 13 along a helical line on the inner wall of the mixing drum 5.
- the single mixing spiral 20, 21 is formed from a plurality of spiral segments 30.
- a known from the prior art mixing drum 5 as in the Fig.
- the individual spiral segments 30 overlap at their contact points and are welded together in the region of the contact points.
- the mixing spiral 20, 21 formed from the individual spiral segments 30 is in turn welded to the inner wall of the drum housing 15.
- the dashed line B shows schematically a typical wear pattern, which during the operation of the mixing drum 5 by friction between the medium to be mixed and the mixing spirals 20, 21 forms.
- mixing spiral material is removed by the continuous contact with the mass moving in the interior of the drum housing 13.
- the region of the individual spiral segments 30, which lies centrally between the welded contact points of adjacent spiral segments 30, has the greatest wear, which increasingly decreases towards the edge regions of the individual spiral segment 30, as through line B in FIG Fig. 2a and 2 B clarified.
- a steel strip 23 is welded to the inner edge 22 of the mixing spiral 20, 21 at the housing axis A, at which small amounts of the material to be mixed are fixed during operation of the mixing drum 5, wherein a T-shaped cross section of the individual spiral segment 30 with the welded steel strip 23 results.
- the fixed material then forms a kind of cushion, which shields the actual mixing spiral 20, 21 against the remaining stroking the remaining material to be mixed and thus at least reduces the wear of the individual spiral segments 30.
- single spiral segment 30 is formed as a circular sector section and deformed such that the ends of the individual spiral segment 30 are twisted to each other or twisted.
- Fig. 2a and 2 B clarified mutually offset helical arrangement of the individual spiral segments 30 on the inner wall of the drum housing 15 is influenced by the twisting of the ends of the individual spiral segment 30 to each other, the slope of the mixing coil 5 with.
- mixing spiral 20 is formed as well as the mixing spirals 20, 21 of a plurality of individual spiral segments 30".
- the single spiral segment 30 "of the mixing spiral 20" comparable to that of the mixing spiral 20 'formed as a planar circle sector section.
- a torsion of one end 31 "of the spiral segment 30" with respect to the other end of the spiral segment 30 "as in the known from the prior art and in the Fig. 3a and 3b shown spiral segment 30 is not provided. Rather, the single spiral segment 30 "is configured as a planar component which no longer has any twisting or essentially no twisting.
- a first end portion 32 "in a first direction and a second end portion 32" in the direction opposite to the first direction with respect to the first direction Longitudinal axis A of the drum housing 15 kinked or integrally formed at an angle, wherein the bending edge is rounded.
- the radius of the circular sector section forming the individual spiral segment 30 "again essentially corresponds to the radius of the inner wall of the drum housing 15.
- the outer edge of the individual planar spiral segment 30 which bears against the inner wall of the drum housing 15, is formed by a circular section while the longitudinal axis A of the drum housing 15 facing inner edge 22 "of the single planar spiral segment 30" is formed by a straight line.
- This straight line is in this case designed as a parallel to an imaginary reference straight line which adjoins the circle section as a tangent and which is applied in the middle of the circular arc section.
- the flat or planar spiral segments 30 "according to the invention are in the in the Fig. 4a and 4b shown mixing drum 5 "offset from one another in such a way that the spiral and spiraling along the longitudinal axis A of the drum housing 15 mixing spiral 20" results.
- the individual planar spiral segments 30 "in the mixing drum 5" are offset relative to one another such that the imaginary centers of the sector sectors of the individual spiral segments 30 "lie on the longitudinal axis A of the drum housing 15.
- the individual planar spiral segments 30" are in each case one with respect to the individual spiral segment 30 "imaginary and arranged perpendicular to the drum axis A arranged reference plane inclined, wherein between the spiral segment 30" and the imaginary reference plane an acute angle is included, resulting in the average pitch of the mixing spiral results.
- the individual planar spiral segments 30 are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the angled end sections 32" formed on the ends 31 "overlap adjacent individual planar spiral segments 30", ie an end section 32 angled in the first direction with respect to the longitudinal axis A. "of a first spiral segment 30” covers in its projection in relation to the longitudinal axis A in the second direction angled end portion 32 "of a second offset in the direction of the longitudinal axis A of the drum housing 15 arranged spiral segment 30".
- the individual planar spiral segments 30 ' are connected to the inner wall of the drum housing 15.
- the individual planar spiral segments 30 "of this first embodiment according to the invention contact one another such that the angled end sections 32 of" adjacent spiral segments 30 "contact each other.
- the end sections 32" are in full contact and are connected to one another, so that the helical mixing spiral 20 ", as in the Fig. 4a and 4b shown.
- mixing drum 5 With reference to the in the Fig. 2a and 2 B shown conventional and known from the prior art mixing drum 5 can in the Fig. 4a and 4b shown mixing drum 5 ', 5 "have a designed in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention mixing spiral 20', 20", but the design of the individual the mixing spiral 20 ", 20 'forming spiral segments 30"' substantially from that of Fig. 4a and 4b differs.
- the mixing spiral (not shown) formed in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention is in turn formed from individual flat or planar spiral segments 30 '"shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b, which in the mixing drum (not shown) are arranged spirally and connected to the inner wall of the drum housing 15.
- the individual spiral segments of the Fig. 6a and 6b have a modular construction.
- the individual spiral segment 30 '" is formed from a main segment 32''' and a frame segment 33 '' partially framing the main segment 32 '', which is made as a wear-resistant section from a less wear-resistant material the surface of the spiral segment 30 "'which is subjected to the greatest stress during operation of the mixing drum (not shown).
- the main segment 32''' is connected to the frame segment 33 '''and the frame segment 33''to the inner wall of the drum housing 15 connected.
- the single spiral segment 30 "' is comparable to that of the mixing spiral 20' or 20" in the form of a planar sector section.
- a torsion of one end 31 "'of the spiral segment 30" with respect to the other end of the spiral segment 30''' as in the known from the prior art and in the Fig. 3a and 3b shown spiral segment 30 is not provided. Rather, the single spiral segment 30 '''is designed as a planar component, which no longer has any torsion.
- Planar spiral segment 30 ''' has angled end portions 32''' with respect to the major plane of spiral segment 30 ''', a first end portion 32''' in a first direction and a second end portion 32 '' in the first Direction opposite direction with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the drum housing 15 (not shown) formed kinked.
- the radius of the single spiral segment 30 '''forming circular sector section again corresponds substantially to the radius of the inner wall of the drum housing 15.
- the voltage applied to the inner wall of the drum housing 15 outer edge of the individual planar spiral segment 30''' is formed by a circular section while the Longitudinal axis A of the drum housing 15 facing inner edge 22 '' of the individual planar spiral segment 30 '' is formed by a straight line.
- This straight line is designed as a parallel to an imaginary reference straight line adjacent to the circle section as a tangent.
- the flat spiral segments 30 '' according to the invention are arranged spirally offset relative to one another in the mixing drum, not shown, comparable to the first exemplary embodiment, such that the spiral-shaped mixing spiral winding along the longitudinal axis of the drum housing results.
- the individual planar spiral segments 30 "' are arranged with respect to each other such that the angled end portions 32" “integrally formed at the ends 31" "overlap adjacent discrete planar spiral segments 30"', i. an end portion 32 "'of a first spiral segment 30'” which is angled in the first direction in relation to the longitudinal axis A covers in its projection an end section 32 '"of a second angled in the second direction relative to the longitudinal axis A in the direction of the longitudinal axis A of FIG Drum housing 15 staggered arranged spiral segments 30 "'.
- the individual planar spiral segments 30 '' ' are connected to the inner wall of the drum housing 15.
- the individual planar spiral segments 30 '' of this second embodiment according to the invention contact each other such that the angled end portions 32 '' of adjacent spiral segments 30 '' 'touch each other.
- the end portions 32 '" are in full-surface contact and are connected to each other, so that the spiral-shaped mixing spiral (not shown) results.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
Description
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Fahrmischer bekannt. Derartige Fahrmischer weisen üblicherweise eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Mischertrommel auf, die der Aufnahme und Durchmischung des zu transportierenden und zu durchmischenden fließfähigen Mediums dient. Dabei handelt es sich insbesondere um Stoffe wie Beton Estrich oder Mörtel, jedoch sind auch andere zu mischende Medien denkbar.From the prior art truck mixers are known. Such truck mixers usually have a substantially cylindrical mixer drum, which serves to receive and mix the transportable and to be mixed flowable medium. These are in particular substances such as concrete screed or mortar, but other media to be mixed are conceivable.
In der Regel ist bei einem derartigen Fahrmischer die Mischertrommel auf einem Fahrzeugrahmen angeordnet, wobei die Mischertrommel ein erstes geschlossenes Ende und ein zweites mit einer Einfüll- bzw. Auslassöffnung versehenes heckseitiges Ende aufweist und um ihre Längsachse drehbar ist. Im Inneren der Fahrmischertrommel befinden sich vorzugsweise zwei um 180° versetzte Mischspiralen in der Art von zwei Wendeln, die der Durchmischung und der Förderung des transportierten Mediums innerhalb der Mischtrommel dienen. Dabei wird die Mischertrommel in Drehung um Ihre Längsachse versetzt, so dass die Durchmischung des in der Mischtrommel befindlichen Mediums durch die Mischspiralen erfolgt. Zudem dienen die Mischspiralen ebenfalls der Entleerung der Trommel, da durch sie das zu transportierende Medium bei Umkehr der Drehrichtung der Fahrmischertrommel aus dieser hinaus gefördert wird.In general, in such a truck mixer, the mixer drum is arranged on a vehicle frame, wherein the mixer drum has a first closed end and a second provided with a filling or outlet opening rear end and is rotatable about its longitudinal axis. In the interior of the truck mixer drum there are preferably two mixing spirals offset by 180 °, in the manner of two spirals, which serve to mix and convey the transported medium within the mixing drum. In this case, the mixer drum is rotated about its longitudinal axis, so that the mixing of the medium located in the mixing drum is carried out by the mixing spirals. In addition, the mixing spirals also serve the emptying of the drum, as it is conveyed by the medium to be transported upon reversal of the direction of rotation of the truck mixer drum out of this.
Die bei aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Mischertrommeln eingesetzten wendelförmigen Mischspiralen sind schneckenartig ineinander geschachtelt und erstrecken sich längs einer Schraubenlinie entlang der Innenwandung der Mischertrommel in Richtung der Längsachse der Mischertrommel. Dabei ist die einzelne wendelförmige Mischspirale aufgrund fertigungstechnischer Aspekte aus einzelnen Spiralsegmenten gebildet, welche miteinander verschweißt werden. Gleichsam werden diese Spiralsegmente mit der Innenwandung der Fahrmischertrommel verschweißt. Um die Spiralform der Mischspirale zu realisieren, ist das einzelne Spiralsegment als Kreissektorabschnitt ausgebildet, wobei die Enden des Spiralsegments gegeneinander tordiert sind bzw. das Spiralsegment ineinander verdrillt ist. Dies aus dem Grund, um die Steigung der Mischspirale zu realisieren. Das jeweilige Ende des einzelnen tordierten Spiralsegments wird dann mit entsprechenden Enden eines weiteren sich anschließenden Spiralsegments verschweißt, so dass sich die einzelne wendelförmige Mischspirale aus zahlreichen tordierten Spiralsegmenten zusammensetzt.The helical mixing spirals used in mixing drums known from the prior art are nested into one another like a screw and extend along a helix along the inner wall of the mixer drum in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mixer drum. In this case, the individual helical mixing spiral is formed due to manufacturing aspects of individual spiral segments, which are welded together. Likewise, these spiral segments are welded to the inner wall of the truck mixer drum. In order to realize the spiral shape of the mixing spiral, the single spiral segment is formed as a circular sector section, wherein the ends of the spiral segment are twisted against each other or the spiral segment is twisted into each other. This for the reason to realize the slope of the mixing spiral. The respective end of the individual twisted spiral segment is then provided with corresponding ends of a welded further subsequent spiral segment, so that the individual helical mixing spiral composed of numerous twisted spiral segments.
Beim Betrieb einer derartigen Mischertrommel mit derartigen Spiralsegmenten ist nun das grundlegende Problem zu beobachten, dass ein erheblicher Verschleiß der Spiralsegmente durch den permanenten Kontakt und die damit zwischen transportiertem Medium und Spiralmaterial auftretende Reibung entsteht. Da das Medium je nach Einsatzbereich auch grobkörniges Material wie größere Kieselsteine u. dgl. enthalten kann, tritt an den Spiralsegmenten erheblicher Verschleiß auf. Dabei ist besonders die Region der Spiralsegmente hohem Verschleiß unterworfen, welche sich an der nach innen gewandten Kante des einzelnen Spiralsegments zwischen den mit dem angrenzenden Spiralsegment verschweißten Bereichen ergibt.When operating such a mixer drum with such spiral segments, the fundamental problem now is that a considerable wear of the spiral segments is caused by the permanent contact and the friction thus occurring between the transported medium and the spiral material. Since the medium depending on the application and coarse-grained material such as larger pebbles u. Like. Contain occurs at the spiral segments considerable wear. In particular, the region of the spiral segments is subject to high wear, which results at the inwardly facing edge of the individual spiral segment between the regions welded to the adjacent spiral segment.
Durch diesen Verschleiß ergibt sich letztendlich eine stark dezimierte Mischspirale mit einer geringeren Durchmisch- bzw. Transportleistung. Wird die maximal zulässige Verschleißgrenze erreicht, muss die verschlissene Mischspirale komplett aus der Fahrmischertrommel entfernt und durch eine insgesamt neue Mischspirale ersetzt werden. Dies ist sehr aufwendig und sehr teuer und kann in der Regel nur einmal durchgeführt werden, da sich die zusätzlichen Schweißarbeiten ebenfalls negativ auf das Gehäuse der Fahrmischertrommel selbst auswirken.By this wear ultimately results in a highly decimated mixing spiral with a lower mixing or transport performance. If the maximum permissible wear limit is reached, the worn mixing spiral must be completely removed from the truck mixer drum and replaced with a new mixing spiral. This is very expensive and very expensive and can usually only be performed once, since the additional welding work also adversely affect the housing of the truck mixer drum itself.
Im Stand der Technik ist nun um dieser Problematik zu begegnen vorgeschlagen worden, einen Kantenschutz einzusetzen. Dabei wird auf die nach innen weisende Kante der Mischspirale ein sog. Verschleißschutz in Form eines Stahlbandes aufgeschweißt, so dass sich in der Schnittansicht durch das einzelne Wendelelement samt Verschleißschutz eine T-Form ergibt. Dies hat zur Folge, das sich zwischen dem Trommelgehäuse und dem über die Mischspirale überstehenden Stahlstreifen sich während des Transports bzw. der Drehbewegung der Mischertrommel Material, bspw. Beton ansammelt, welches dann eine Art Polster bildet, so dass das an der Mischspirale entlang streifende weitere Material nicht mehr die Mischspirale selbst kontaktiert sondern auf dem Polstermaterial abgleitet. Allerdings tritt an dem aufgeschweißtem Stahlband ebenfalls Verschleiß auf, da nun dieser der Einwirkung des vorbei streichenden Betonmaterials ausgesetzt ist. Der verschlissenen Stahlstreifen wird dann üblicherweise abgeschnitten und durch einen neuen ersetzt. Dies ist wiederum sehr aufwendig und kostenintensiv, zudem ist der Austausch in der Regel nur einmal möglich, da die Mischspirale ihre Verschleißgrenze erreicht hat.In the prior art, it has now been proposed to counteract this problem by using edge protection. In this case, a so-called. Wear protection in the form of a steel strip is welded onto the inwardly facing edge of the mixing spiral, so that in the sectional view through the single helical element together with wear protection results in a T-shape. This has the consequence that between the drum housing and the over the mixing spiral protruding steel strip during transport or rotational movement of the mixer drum material, eg. Concrete accumulates, which then forms a kind of cushion, so that the grazing along the mixing spiral further Material no longer contacted the mixing spiral itself but slides on the padding material. However, wear also occurs on the welded steel strip, since it is now exposed to the action of the concrete material passing by. The worn steel strip is then usually cut off and replaced with a new one. This in turn is very costly and expensive, moreover, the exchange is usually only possible once, because the mixing spiral has reached its wear limit.
Zu dem ist auch das Einbringen des Stahlbandes recht aufwendig, da dieses entlang der gewundenen wendelförmigen Mischspirale angeglichen werden muss, dass heißt es muss aufwendig und passgenau vorgeformt werden, bevor es an die Innenseite der Mischspirale angeschweißt werden kann. Insbesondere müssen auch die Einzelsegmente des Verschleißschutzes entsprechend den tordierten Spiralsegmenten ineinander verdrillt werden.To which the introduction of the steel strip is quite expensive, since this must be adjusted along the spiral helical mixing spiral, that is, it must be complex and accurate preformed before it can be welded to the inside of the mixing spiral. In particular, the individual segments of the wear protection must be twisted into each other according to the twisted spiral segments.
Des Weiteren wird dieser Verschleißproblematik im Stand der Technik insofern entgegengetreten, dass eine Variation der für die Mischspirale verwendeten Stähle angestrebt wird. Dabei finden insbesondere Stähle mit einem erhöhten Kohlenstoff- bzw. Chromanteil Verwendung. Ein derartiger Stahl weist üblicherweise eine Härte von 200-300 HB (Brinell = Verhältnis aus Prüfkraft und Eindruckoberfläche) auf. Derartige Stähle im Bereich von 200-300 HB weisen eine erhöhte Verschleißfestigkeit auf. Daraus ergibt sich jedoch wiederum ein neues Problem, nämlich im Hinblick auf die Verarbeitung derartiger Stähle. Wie vorhin schon ausgeführt wurde, ist das einzelne Spiralsegment nach dem Stand der bekannten Mischspirate ineinander verdrillt, bzw. die Enden des Spiralsegments sind zueinander tordiert, um die Spiral- bzw. Wendelform der Mischspirale zu realisieren. Eine derartige Verformung wird üblicherweise durch Walzen oder Biegen erreicht. Wird nun Stahl ab 200 HB eingesetzt ist eben genau diese Verformung problematisch, da bei dieser gewünschten, aufgrund der geringen Steigung der Mischspirale relativ geringen plastischen Verformung, welche hier notwendig ist, die Streckgrenze des Stahls nicht überschritten wird und somit das Spiralsegment nach Entnahme aus der Walze bzw. aus der Presse in seine Ursprungsform zurückfedert.Furthermore, this wear problem is counteracted in the prior art insofar that a variation of the steels used for the mixing spiral is desired. In particular, steels with an increased proportion of carbon or chromium are used. Such a steel usually has a hardness of 200-300 HB (Brinell = ratio of test force and impression surface). Such steels in the range of 200-300 HB have an increased wear resistance. However, this in turn gives rise to a new problem, namely with regard to the processing of such steels. As already stated above, the single spiral segment is twisted into each other according to the state of the known mixing pirates, or the ends of the spiral segment are twisted together to realize the spiral or helical shape of the mixing spiral. Such deformation is usually achieved by rolling or bending. If now steel is used from 200 HB precisely this deformation is problematic, since in this desired, due to the low slope of the mixing spiral relatively low plastic deformation, which is necessary here, the yield strength of the steel is not exceeded and thus the spiral segment after removal from the Roller or springs back from the press to its original form.
Bei einem Standardmaterial von einer Härte von kleiner gleich 200 HB ist dagegen das einzelne Spiralsegment leicht zu verarbeiten, jedoch ist hier wiederum der erhöhte Verschleiß der Spiralsegmente zu beobachten.For a standard material with a hardness of less than or equal to 200 HB, on the other hand, the single spiral segment is easy to process, but here again the increased wear of the spiral segments can be observed.
Insofern ergibt sich die Problematik im Hinblick auf den Einsatz verschleißfesterer Stähle dahingehend, dass bei der Wahl eines verschleißfesten Materials (200-300 HB oder auch darüber) der Nachteil in Kauf zu nehmen ist, dass dieses nur schwer bzw. mit erheblichem Aufwand zu verarbeiten ist. Bei der Wahl eines leicht zu verarbeitenden, also weicheren Stahls (< 200 HB) unterliegt dieser wiederum einem höheren Verschleiß.In this respect, the problem arises with regard to the use of wear-resistant steels to the effect that in the choice of a wear-resistant material (200-300 HB or even above) to take the disadvantage in purchasing that this is difficult or with considerable effort to process , When choosing an easy-to-use, ie softer steel (<200 HB) this in turn is subject to higher wear.
Der Erfindung liegt demnach die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Mischertrommel mit mindestens einer Mischspirale vorzuschlagen, wobei die Mischspirale eine gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Mischspiralen höhere Verschleißfestigkeit aufweist. Zudem soll die erfindungsgemäße Mischspirale leicht und kostengünstig herstellbar sein und an die gegebenen Anforderungen individuell anpassbar sein. Gleichzeitig soll die Mischspirale selbst auf einfache Weise in die Mischertrommel einbringbar sein.The invention is therefore based on the object to propose a mixer drum with at least one mixing spiral, wherein the mixing spiral has a comparison with the known from the prior art mixing spirals higher wear resistance. In addition, the mixing spiral according to the invention should be easy and inexpensive to produce and be individually adaptable to the given requirements. At the same time, the mixing spiral itself should be able to be introduced into the mixer drum in a simple manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Mischertrommel nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Unter dem Begriff eben sind dabei auch im Wesentlichen eben ausgebildete Spiralsegmente zu fassen, wobei der Begriff eben im Sinne der Erfindung auch als planar bzw. als im Wesentlichen planar aufgefasst werden kann.This object is achieved with a mixer drum according to claim 1. In this context, essentially flat spiral segments are also to be understood by the term "planar", wherein the term can also be understood to be planar or substantially planar in the sense of the invention.
Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung der Spiralsegmente als ebene Kreissektorenabschnitte wird es möglich, auch hochfeste Stähle von über 200 HB einzusetzen, welche nun nicht mehr dem extremen Verschleiß der Standardstähle unterliegen. Insbesondere wird auch der Einsatz von Stählen in der Größenordnung von 500 bis 600 HB möglich. Dies ist nach der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre möglich, da die einzelnen Spiralsegmente nicht mehr tordiert sind, so dass die Herstellungsproblematik oder auch Verformungsproblematik hier nicht mehr vorliegt. Vielmehr können aus den nun einsetzbaren hochfesten Stählen die ebenen Spiralsegmente beispielsweise ausgestanzt oder ausgeschnitten werden. Eine Verdrillung oder Tordierung erfolgt nicht mehr. Insofern sind wesentlich härtere Stähle bzw. Materialien verwendbar. Dadurch verringert sich die Verschleißschutzproblematik, so dass im Allgemeinen auf angeschweißte Stahlbänder nach dem Stand der Technik verzichtet werden kann. Sofern ein Verschleißschutz zur weiteren Erhöhung der Lebensdauer vorgesehen ist, lässt dieser sich aufgrund der Ebenheit der Segmente wesentlich einfacher anbringen. Zudem sind Ausführungen möglich, die bei gekrümmten Flächen nicht oder nur unter erheblichem Aufwand durchführbar wären.This design according to the invention of the spiral segments as planar sector sectors makes it possible to use high-strength steels of more than 200 HB, which are no longer subject to the extreme wear of standard steels. In particular, the use of steels in the order of 500 to 600 HB is possible. This is possible according to the teaching of the invention, since the individual spiral segments are no longer twisted, so that the production problem or deformation problem is no longer present here. Rather, from the now usable high-strength steels, the flat spiral segments can for example be punched or cut out. Twisting or twisting no longer occurs. In this respect, much harder steels or materials can be used. This reduces the wear protection problem, so that it is generally possible to dispense with welded steel strips according to the prior art. If a wear protection is provided to further increase the life, this can be much easier to install due to the flatness of the segments. In addition, designs are possible that would not be feasible or only at considerable expense in curved surfaces.
Nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungsform ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Mischertrommel im Innern des Trommelgehäuses eine zweite aus einer Mehrzahl von einzelnen Spiralsegmenten gebildete und sich längs einer Schraubenlinie in Richtung der Längsachse des Trommelgehäuses erstreckende Mischspirale vorgesehen, wobei die erste Mischspirale und die zweite Mischspirale ineinander verschachtelt angeordnet sind. Insbesondere sind diese zueinander um 180° versetzt angeordnet. Hierdurch wird eine besonders gute Durchmischung des im Innern der Mischtrommel befindlichen Mediums erreicht. Zudem wird eine bessere Entleerung der Mischtrommel realisiert.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, a second of a plurality of individual spiral segments formed and extending along a helix in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drum housing mixing spiral is provided in the mixer drum according to the invention in the interior of the drum housing, wherein the first mixing spiral and the second mixing spiral are arranged nested , In particular, these are arranged offset from each other by 180 °. As a result, a particularly good mixing of the medium located inside the mixing drum is achieved. In addition, a better emptying of the mixing drum is realized.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Mischertrommel entspricht der Radius des das einzelne Spiralsegment bildenden Kreissektorenabschnitts im Wesentlichen dem Radius der Innenwandung des Trommelgehäuses. Dabei wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Spiralsegment die an der Innenwandung anliegende Außenkante des Spiralsegments durch einen Kreisabschnitt und die zur Längsachse des Trommelgehäuses weisende Innenkante des Spiralsegments bevorzugt durch eine zu einer am Kreisabschnitt anliegenden gedachten Bezugstangente parallelen Gerade gebildet. Dies ist jedoch nicht zwingend notwendig, da die zur Längsachse des Trommelgehäuses weisende Innenkante auch einen davon abweichenden Verlauf aufweisen kann, beispielsweise den eines nach innen oder nach außen gekrümmten Bogens. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung des Spiralsegments ist insofern vorteilhaft, dass die einzelnen Spiralsegmente einfach in die Mischtrommel eingepasst werden können, ohne große Anpassungsverformungen durchführen zu müssen.According to a development of the mixer drum according to the invention, the radius of the circular sector section forming the individual spiral segment essentially corresponds to the radius of the inner wall of the drum housing. In the case of the spiral segment according to the invention, the outer edge of the spiral segment resting against the inner wall is preferably formed by a straight line parallel to an inner edge of the spiral segment facing the longitudinal axis of the drum housing. However, this is not absolutely necessary, since the inner edge facing the longitudinal axis of the drum housing can also have a different course, for example that of an inwardly or outwardly curved arc. Such a configuration of the spiral segment is advantageous in that the individual spiral segments can be easily fitted into the mixing drum without having to carry out large adaptation deformations.
Nach einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung der Mischertrommel wird vorgeschlagen, das einzelne Spiralsegment modular aufzubauen. Dabei weist das einzelne Spiralsegment mindestens ein Hauptsegement und ein das Hauptsegement zumindest teilweise einrahmendes Rahmensegment auf. Das Hauptsegment bildet dabei überwiegend die Fläche des Spiralsegments, welche während des Betriebes der Mischtrommel der größten Beanspruchung ausgesetzt ist.According to a further embodiment of the mixer drum according to the invention, it is proposed to construct the individual spiral segment in a modular manner. In this case, the single spiral segment on at least one main segment and the main segment at least partially framing frame segment. The main segment forms predominantly the surface of the spiral segment, which is exposed to the greatest stress during operation of the mixing drum.
Nach dieser Modulbauweise der Spiralsegmente ist beispielsweise denkbar, das Rahmensegment aus Stahl zu fertigen, der eine geringe Verschleißfestigkeit aufweisen kann. Bspw. könnte hier ein günstiges und leicht zu verarbeitendes Standardmaterial von einer Härte von unter 200 HB als Rahmenmaterial eingesetzt werden. Das Hauptsegment des einzelnen Spiralsegments kann dann aus einem zweiten Material, vorzugsweise aus einem Stahlblech mit einer Härte von über 200 HB, vorzugsweise von 500 bis 600 HB bzw. einer PU-beschichteten CFK- (kohlefaserverstärkt) bzw. GFK-Platte (glasfaserverstärkt) gebildet sein, d.h. mit Kohlefasern oder Glasfasern verstärkter Polyurethanbeschichtung. Diese weist gegenüber dem Material des Rahmensegments eine erhöhte Verschleißfestigkeit auf. Mit dieser besonders vorteilhaften modularen Bauweise kann somit die Ausgestaltung des Spiralsegments auf die unterschiedlichsten Einsatzbedingungen, insbesondere auf das zu durchmischende Medium und die damit einhergehende individuellen Verschleißform der einzelnen Spiralsegmente angepasst werden, da der größte Verschleiß auf der Fläche zwischen den miteinander verschweißten Endabschnitten der Spiralsegmente auftritt.After this modular design of the spiral segments, for example, it is conceivable to manufacture the frame segment from steel, which may have a low wear resistance. For example. could be a cheap and easy to use standard material of a hardness of less than 200 HB used as a frame material. The main segment of the individual spiral segment can then be formed from a second material, preferably from a steel sheet having a hardness of more than 200 HB, preferably from 500 to 600 HB or a PU-coated CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced) or GRP panel (glass fiber reinforced) be, ie with carbon fibers or glass fiber reinforced polyurethane coating. This has an increased wear resistance compared to the material of the frame segment. With this particularly advantageous modular design, the configuration of the spiral segment can thus be adapted to the most diverse conditions of use, in particular to the medium to be mixed and the associated individual wear shape of the individual spiral segments, since the largest wear occurs on the surface between the welded end portions of the spiral segments ,
Eine derartige modulare Ausgestaltung des einzelnen Spiralsegments hat den Vorteil, dass dieses verschleißspezifisch bzw. einsatzspezifisch aufgebaut werden kann. Bspw. wird man bei großer Belastung, d. h. bei Mischvorgängen von grobem Material härtere Materialen für das Hauptsegment einsetzen als bei weicherem leicht zu durchmischendem Material. Insofern ist hier ein großer Spielraum im Hinblick auf die einsatzoptimierte Ausgestaltung der Spiralsegmente und damit der Mischtrommel realisiert. Damit wird beispielsweise auch ein Anmischen des Materials in der Mischtrommel selbst möglich, was mit aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Mischtrommeln bisher eher problematisch war. Das heißt, es wird das trockene Pulver oder Gesteinsmaterial in die Mischtrommel eingebracht und erst an der Baustelle mit Wasser bzw. anderen flüssigen Medien versetzt, wobei die Durchmischung dann alleine in der Mischertrommel erfolgt, was regelmäßig einen sehr hohen Verschleiß mit sich bringt. Auch eine solche Vorgehensweise wird mit den erfindungsgemäßen Spiralsegmenten, ob nun einerseits das Modulelement oder andererseits das einfache ebene Element aus härterem Stahl, möglich. Zu dem ist auch ein Verzicht auf den Kantenschutz möglich, dessen Einbringung zusätzliche Kosten und einen erheblichen Mehraufwand im Stand der Technik mit sich bringt.Such a modular design of the individual spiral segment has the advantage that it can be constructed in a wear-specific or application-specific manner. For example. If you are under heavy load, d. H. For coarse material mixing, use harder materials for the main segment than for softer, easily mixed material. In this respect, here is a great latitude with regard to the use optimized design of the spiral segments and thus the mixing drum realized. Thus, for example, a mixing of the material in the mixing drum itself possible, which was previously problematic with mixing drums known from the prior art. That is, it is the dry powder or rock material introduced into the mixing drum and added only at the site with water or other liquid media, the mixing then takes place alone in the mixer drum, which regularly brings a very high wear with it. Such an approach is also possible with the spiral segments according to the invention, whether on the one hand the module element or on the other hand the simple planar element made of harder steel. In addition, a waiver of the edge protection is possible, the introduction of which brings additional costs and a considerable additional expenditure in the prior art.
Dabei ist nach einer ersten Ausführungsform denkbar, das aus hochfestem Stahl gebildete bzw. als CFK- oder GFK-Platte ausgestaltete Hauptsegment mit dem Rahmensegment unlösbar zu verbinden, beispielsweise durch Verschweißen, Verkleben oder dergleichen. Alternativ wird nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes vorgeschlagen, das Hauptsegement mit dem Rahmensegment lösbar zu verbinden. Hier eignet sich besonders eine Verbindung der beiden Segmente mittels Verschrauben oder Vernieten von Haupt- und Rahmensegment, wobei jedoch auch andere denkbare lösbare Verbindungen nicht ausgeschlossen sind, die den Belastungen während des Betriebes standhalten. Als besonders vorteilhaft stellt sich die lösbare Verbindung dar, da bei auftretendem Verschleiß lediglich das Hauptsegement ausgetauscht, während das Rahmensegment, welches mit der Innenwandung der Mischtrommel vorzugsweise verschweißt ist, in der Mischtrommel verbleibt.In this case, according to a first embodiment, it is conceivable to non-detachably connect the main segment formed from high-strength steel or configured as a CFK or GFRP plate to the frame segment, for example by welding, gluing or the like. Alternatively, it is proposed according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the subject invention, releasably connect the Hauptsegement with the frame segment. Here is particularly suitable a connection of the two segments by means of screwing or riveting of the main and frame segment, but other conceivable releasable connections are not excluded, which withstand the stresses during operation. Particularly advantageous is the detachable connection, since when wear occurs only the Hauptsegement exchanged, while the frame segment, which is preferably welded to the inner wall of the mixing drum, remains in the mixing drum.
Nach einem weiteren vorteilhaften Aspekt der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, die zur Gehäuseachse des Trommelgehäuses weisende gerade Innenkante des ebenen Spiralsegments mit einem senkrecht zur Ebene des Spiralsegments oder seitlich des Spiralsegments angeordneten Verschleißschutz zu versehen. Obwohl dieser aufgrund der vorteilhaften Gestaltung der Spiralsegmente nicht unbedingt notwendig ist, kann dieser zusätzlich vorgesehen werden, vor allem um den härtesten Einsatzbedingungen gerecht zu werden. Dabei ist der Verschleißschutz als vorzugsweise aus Stahl gefertigter Streifen ausgebildet. Allerdings ist auch der Einsatz von CFK (Kohlefaserverstärkter Kunststoff) oder GFK (Glasfaserverstärkter Kunststoff), je nach Material des Hauptsegments sofern ein modularer Aufbau des Spiralsegments vorliegt, denkbar, wobei dieser vorteilhafterweise mit der Innenkante verschweißt oder verklebt ist. Wiederum ist auch eine lösbare Verbindung, beispielsweise durch Verschrauben oder Vernieten denkbar.According to a further advantageous aspect of the invention, it is proposed to provide the straight inner edge of the planar spiral segment facing the housing axis of the drum housing with a wear protection arranged perpendicular to the plane of the spiral segment or laterally of the spiral segment. Although this is not absolutely necessary due to the advantageous design of the spiral segments, this can be additionally provided, especially to meet the toughest conditions of use. The wear protection is preferably designed as a strip made of steel. However, the use of CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) is also or GRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic), depending on the material of the main segment if a modular structure of the spiral segment is present, conceivable, which is advantageously welded or glued to the inner edge. Again, a detachable connection, for example by screwing or riveting is conceivable.
Vorzugsweise ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Mischertrommel das Spiralsegment und/ oder der Verschleißschutz aus Stahl gefertigt, wobei dieser vorzugsweise eine Härte von größer als 200 HB, insbesondere auch von 500 bis 600 HB aufweist. Alternativ ist auch denkbar, das Spiralsegment und hier zumindest das Hauptsegment und/ oder den Verschleißschutz aus GFK und/ oder CFK und/oder Kunststoff zu fertigen. Dabei ist die Materialwahl im Wesentlichen von den Einsatzbedingungen wie den zu durchmischenden Medien, Höchstgrenzen des Mischtrommelgewichts usw. abhängig.Preferably, in the mixer drum according to the invention, the spiral segment and / or the wear protection is made of steel, which preferably has a hardness greater than 200 HB, in particular from 500 to 600 HB. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to manufacture the spiral segment and here at least the main segment and / or the wear protection of GRP and / or CFRP and / or plastic. The choice of material depends essentially on the conditions of use, such as the media to be mixed, maximum limits of the mixing drum weight, etc.
Nach einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist das Spiralsegment und/ oder der Verschleißschutz mit Kunststoffbeschichtet. Dabei findet vorzugsweise Polyurethan (PU) Verwendung. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass zum einen eine Geräuschdämmung während des Betriebs der Mischertrommel erzielt werden kann, aber vor allem der Verschleiß der Bauteile durch die Kunststoff-Dämpfung wiederum erheblich vermindert wird. Bei aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Mischspiralen war eine Verarbeitung von bzw. Beschichtung mit Kunststoff der bisher bekannten ineinander verdrillten bzw. tordierten Spiralsegmente bisher nur mit erheblichem Aufwand bzw. überhaupt nicht möglich. Dies lag im Wesentlichen daran, dass beim Beschichten des bekannten tordierten Spiralsegments der noch flüssige Kunststoff nur ungleichmäßig auf der Oberfläche desselben verteilt werden konnte. Insofern entstand eine ungleichmäßige an einigen Stellen nur unzureichend dünne Kunststoffschicht. Dass heißt, eine Beschichtung der herkömmlichen tordierten Spiralsegmente schied regelmäßig aus. Aufgrund der ebenen Ausführung der Spiralsegmente lässt sich eine gut haftende PU-Beschichtung aufbringen, insbesondere durch Gießen, was bei den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten tordierten Segmenten nicht möglich ist.According to a further inventive embodiment of the subject invention, the spiral segment and / or the wear protection is coated with plastic. In this case, preferably polyurethane (PU) is used. This has the advantage that on the one hand a noise reduction during operation of the mixer drum can be achieved, but especially the wear of the components by the plastic damping is in turn significantly reduced. In known from the prior art mixing spirals processing or coating with plastic previously known twisted or twisted spiral segments was previously only with considerable effort or not at all possible. This was mainly because when coating the known twisted spiral segment of the still liquid plastic could be distributed only unevenly on the surface of the same. In this respect, a non-uniform in some places only insufficiently thin plastic layer. That is, a coating of the conventional twisted spiral segments regularly departed. Due to the planar design of the spiral segments, a well-adhering PU coating can be applied, in particular by casting, which is not possible with the twisted segments known from the prior art.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen ebenen kreissektorabschnittförmigen Spiralsegmentgestaltung ist vorteilhafterweise eine Kunststoffbeschichtung, insbesondere mit PU möglich. Insofern können nun die einzelnen Spiralsegmente mit PU-Kunststoff beschichtet werden, insbesondere um die Dämmung zu verbessern und die Verschleißfestigkeit noch weiter zu erhöhen.With the planar circular sector-segment-shaped spiral segment design according to the invention, a plastic coating, in particular with PU, is advantageously possible. In this respect, the individual spiral segments can now be coated with PU plastic, in particular in order to improve the insulation and to increase the wear resistance even further.
Nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Mischertrommel sind die einzelnen Spiralsegmente zueinander spiralförmig versetzt angeordnet, wobei die Mittelpunkte der Kreissektorenabschnitte der einzelnen Spiralsegmente auf der Längsachse des Trommelgehäuses liegen. Dabei sind vorteilhafterweise die einzelnen Spiralsegmente zu einer jeweils gedachten Bezugsebene, welche senkrecht zur Längsachse des Trommelgehäuses angeordnet ist, in einem vorzugsweise spitzen Winkel angeordnet. Diese spiralförmige Anordnung der Spiralsegmente und der seitliche Versatz derselben zueinander haben den Vorteil, dass eine gute Durchmischung des zu durchmischenden Mediums im Innern der Mischtrommel erreicht wird. Zudem wird die Entleerung der Mischtrommel erleichtert.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the mixer drum according to the invention, the individual spiral segments are arranged spirally offset from each other, the centers of the Circular sector sections of the individual spiral segments lie on the longitudinal axis of the drum housing. In this case, the individual spiral segments are advantageously arranged at an imaginary reference plane, which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drum housing, at a preferably acute angle. This spiral arrangement of the spiral segments and the lateral offset thereof to one another have the advantage that a good mixing of the medium to be mixed is achieved in the interior of the mixing drum. In addition, the emptying of the mixing drum is facilitated.
Vorgesehen ist sozusagen, dass an mindestens einem zum jeweiligen benachbarten Spiralsegment hin weisenden Ende des einzelnen Spiralsegmentes ein zur durch das einzelne Spiralsegment gebildeten Bezugsebene abgewinkelter Endabschnitt ausgebildet ist und die einzelnen Spiralsegmente über diese Endabschnitte miteinander verbunden sind. Insofern wird durch die über ihre Endabschnitte verbundenen Spiralsegmente eine ununterbrochene Mischspirale erzeugt. Eine Verbindung der einzelnen Spiralsegmente über deren Endabschnitte erhöht in vorteilhafterweise die Stabilität der Mischspirale selbst.It is provided, so to speak, that at least one end of the individual spiral segment pointing toward the respective adjacent spiral segment has an end section angled away from the reference plane formed by the individual spiral segment and the individual spiral segments are connected to one another via these end sections. In this respect, an uninterrupted mixing spiral is produced by the spiral segments connected via their end sections. A connection of the individual spiral segments over their end portions advantageously increases the stability of the mixing spiral itself.
Nach einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung sind die einzelnen Spiralsegmente miteinander und/ oder mit dem Trommelgehäuse verschweißt oder verklebt. Denkbar ist jedoch auch nach einer Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes, die einzelnen Spiralsegmente miteinander und/ oder mit dem Trommelgehäuse lösbar zu verbinden, insbesondere zu verschrauben oder zu vernieten. Dies hat wiederum den Vorteil der einsatzabhängigen Kombination der einzelnen Bauteile der Mischtrommel.According to a further aspect of the invention, the individual spiral segments are welded or glued together and / or with the drum housing. However, it is also conceivable for a development of the subject invention, the individual spiral segments with each other and / or releasably connect to the drum housing, in particular to screw or rivet. This in turn has the advantage of the use-dependent combination of the individual components of the mixing drum.
Vorteilhaft ist die Mischertrommel auf einem Fahrmischer angeordnet, der mit einem Rahmen versehen ist, auf dem die Mischertrommel drehbar und vorzugsweise relativ zum Rahmen geneigt angeordnet ist.Advantageously, the mixer drum is arranged on a truck mixer, which is provided with a frame on which the mixer drum is arranged rotatably and preferably inclined relative to the frame.
Dabei ist vorteilhafterweise die Mischtrommel mit ihrem ersten Trommelende in Fahrtrichtung ausgerichtet. In die heckseitige Einfüll- bzw. Auslassöffnung ragt das Auslaufrohr eines Einfülltrichters hinein, über welchen die Mischtrommel mit dem zu mischenden Medium befüllbar ist.In this case, the mixing drum is advantageously aligned with its first end of the drum in the direction of travel. Into the rear-side filling or outlet opening projects into the outlet pipe of a hopper, via which the mixing drum can be filled with the medium to be mixed.
Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei die Mischtrommel über einen vorzugsweise am ersten Ende des Trommelgehäuses angeordneten Antrieb sowohl in als entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn antreibbar. Somit werden einerseits die Mischfunktion und andererseits die Entleerungsfunktion realisiert. Die Mischtrommel ist dabei durch einen im Bereich des zweiten Endes der Mischtrommel umlaufend ausgebildeten Laufring auf dem Fahrgestell gelagert.Advantageously, the mixing drum can be driven via a preferably arranged at the first end of the drum housing drive in both counterclockwise and counterclockwise. Consequently on the one hand the mixing function and on the other hand the emptying function are realized. The mixing drum is supported by a circumferentially formed in the region of the second end of the mixing drum race on the chassis.
Nachfolgend werden bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen beschrieben. Darin zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Fahrmischer mit Mischtrommel,
- Fig. 2a und 2b
- eine aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Mischertrommel mit herkömmli- chen wendelförmigen Mischspiralen,
- Fig. 3a und 3b
- ein aus dem Stand der Technik bekanntes Spiralsegment,
- Fig. 4a und 4b
- eine erfindungsgemäße Mischtrommel mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Misch- spirale nach einer ersten Ausführungsform,
- Fig. 5a und 5b
- ein erfindungsgemäßes Spiralsegment der in den
Fig. 4a bis 4c gezeigten Mischspirale und - Fig. 6a und 6b
- ein erfindungsgemäßes Spiralsegment nach einer zweiten Ausführungsform.
- Fig. 1
- a truck mixer with mixing drum,
- Fig. 2a and 2b
- a mixer drum known from the prior art with conventional helical mixing spirals,
- Fig. 3a and 3b
- a spiral segment known from the prior art,
- Fig. 4a and 4b
- A mixing drum according to the invention with a mixing spiral according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
- Fig. 5a and 5b
- an inventive spiral segment of the in the
Fig. 4a to 4c shown mixing spiral and - Fig. 6a and 6b
- an inventive spiral segment according to a second embodiment.
Der in
Wie in
Um dem erhöhten Verschleiß der Mischspirale 20, 21 entgegenzuwirken, ist an der zur Gehäuseachse A hin weisenden Innenkante 22 der Mischspirale 20, 21 ein Stahlstreifen 23 angeschweißt, an welchem sich während des Betriebes der Mischtrommel 5 geringe Mengen des zu durchmischenden Materials festsetzen, wobei sich ein T-förmiger Querschnitt des einzelnen Spiralsegments 30 mit dem aufgeschweißten Stahlstreifen 23 ergibt. Das festgesetzte Material bildet dann eine Art Polster, welches die eigentliche Mischspirale 20, 21 gegen das vorbei streichende restliche zu durchmischende Material abschirmt und somit den Verschleiß der einzelnen Spiralsegmente 30 zumindest reduziert.In order to counteract the increased wear of the mixing
Das in den
Mit Bezug zu der in den
Mit Bezug zu der in den
Die in
Nach der ersten Ausführungsform weist jedoch das in den
Der Radius des das einzelne Spiralsegment 30" bildenden Kreissektorenabschnitts entspricht wiederum im Wesentlichen dem Radius der Innenwandung des Trommelgehäuses 15. Die an der Innenwandung des Trommelgehäuses 15 anliegende Außenkante des einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegments 30" wird dabei durch einen Kreisabschnitt gebildet während die zur Längsachse A des Trommelgehäuses 15 weisende Innenkante 22" des einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegments 30" durch eine Gerade gebildet ist. Diese Gerade ist dabei als eine Parallele zu einer gedachten am Kreisabschnitt als Tangente anliegenden Bezugsgerade ausgebildet, welche in der Mitte des Kreisbogenabschnitts angelegt ist.The radius of the circular sector section forming the
Die erfindungsgemäßen ebenen bzw. planaren Spiralsegmente 30" sind in der in den
Zusätzlich sind die einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegmente 30" derart zueinander angeordnet, dass sich die abgewinkelten und an den Enden 31" angeformten Endabschnitte 32" von benachbart angeordneten einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegmenten 30" überlappen, d.h. ein in Bezug zur Längsachse A in die erste Richtung abgewinkelter Endabschnitt 32" eines ersten Spiralsegments 30" überdeckt in seiner Projektion einen in Bezug zur Längsachse A in die zweite Richtung abgewinkelten Endabschnitt 32" eines zweiten in Richtung der Längsachse A des Trommelgehäuses 15 versetzt angeordneten Spiralsegments 30". Die einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegmente 30' sind mit der Innenwandung des Trommelgehäuses 15 verbunden. Zudem berühren sich die einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegmente 30" dieser ersten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform untereinander derart, dass die abgewinkelten Endabschnitte 32" benachbarter Spiralsegmente 30" sich gegenseitig berühren. Die Endabschnitte 32" sind dabei in vollflächigen Kontakt und sind miteinander verbunden, so dass sich die spiralförmige Mischspirale 20" ergibt, wie in den
Mit Bezug zu der in den
Dabei ist die nach Maßgabe der zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ausgebildete Mischspirale (nicht gezeigt) wiederum aus einzelnen in den Fig. 8a und 8b gezeigten ebenen bzw. planaren Spiralsegmenten 30'" gebildet, die in mit dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel vergleichbarer Art in der Mischtrommel (nicht gezeigt) spiralförmig angeordnet und mit der Innenwandung des Trommelgehäuses 15 verbunden sind.In this case, the mixing spiral (not shown) formed in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention is in turn formed from individual flat or planar spiral segments 30 '"shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b, which in the mixing drum (not shown) are arranged spirally and connected to the inner wall of the
Die einzelnen Spiralsegmente der
Wie in den
Auch nach der zweiten Ausführungsform weist das in den
Der Radius des das einzelne Spiralsegment 30''' bildenden Kreissektorenabschnitts entspricht wiederum im Wesentlichen dem Radius der Innenwandung des Trommelgehäuses 15. Die an der Innenwandung des Trommelgehäuses 15 anliegende Außenkante des einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegments 30''' wird dabei durch einen Kreisabschnitt gebildet während die zur Längsachse A des Trommelgehäuses 15 weisende Innenkante 22"' des einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegments 30"' durch eine Gerade gebildet ist. Diese Gerade ist dabei als eine Parallele zu einer gedachten am Kreisabschnitt als Tangente anliegenden Bezugsgerade ausgebildet.The radius of the single spiral segment 30 '''forming circular sector section again corresponds substantially to the radius of the inner wall of the
Die erfindungsgemäßen ebenen Spiralsegmente 30"' sind in der nicht gezeigten Mischtrommel vergleichbar mit dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel spiralförmig versetzt zueinander angeordnet, dass sich die spiralförmige sich entlang der Längsachse des Trommelgehäuses windende Mischspirale ergibt.The flat spiral segments 30 '' according to the invention are arranged spirally offset relative to one another in the mixing drum, not shown, comparable to the first exemplary embodiment, such that the spiral-shaped mixing spiral winding along the longitudinal axis of the drum housing results.
Zusätzlich sind die einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegmente 30"' derart zueinander angeordnet, dass sich die abgewinkelten und an den Enden 31"' angeformten Endabschnitte 32''' von benachbart angeordneten einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegmenten 30''' überlappen, d.h. ein in Bezug zur Längsachse A in die erste Richtung abgewinkelter Endabschnitt 32"' eines ersten Spiralsegments 30''' überdeckt in seiner Projektion einen in Bezug zur Längsachse A in die zweite Richtung abgewinkelten Endabschnitt 32''' eines zweiten in Richtung der Längsachse A des Trommelgehäuses 15 versetzt angeordneten Spiralsegments 30"'. Die einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegmente 30''' sind mit der Innenwandung des Trommelgehäuses 15 verbunden. Zudem berühren sich die einzelnen ebenen Spiralsegmente 30"' dieser zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform untereinander derart, dass die abgewinkelten Endabschnitte 32"' benachbarter Spiralsegmente 30''' sich gegenseitig berühren. Die Endabschnitte 32'" sind dabei in vollflächigen Kontakt und sind miteinander verbunden, so dass sich die spiralförmige Mischspirale (nicht gezeigt) ergibt.In addition, the individual
Claims (13)
- A mixer drum for mixing flowable media, in particular concrete, pavement or mortar, comprising: a drum housing (15) essentially configured cylindrical including a first drum end (10) and a second drum end (11) including an inlet- or outlet opening (13), and at least one mixing coil (20") arranged in an interior of the drum housing (15) and extending in a direction of the longitudinal axis (A) of the drum housing (15), wherein the mixing coil is formed from a plurality of particular spiral segments (30") which are respectively connected with their ends with an adjacent spiral segment for forming the mixing spiral, wherein a particular spiral segment (30") of the at least one mixing spiral (20") is formed from a flat circular sector segment which additionally includes end sections (32") at its ends (31 ") which end sections are angled out of the main plane of the spiral segment, wherein the end sections (32") of adjacent segments (30") are angled in opposite directions relative to one another with respect to a longitudinal axis (A) of the drum housing, and wherein the spiral segments (30") are connected with one another through their end sections (32") for forming the mixing spiral (20").
- The mixing drum according to claim 1, wherein a second mixing spiral (20") is provided in the interior of the drum housing (15), wherein the second mixing spiral is formed from a plurality of particular spiral segments (30") and extends in a direction of the longitudinal axis of the drum housing (15), wherein the first mixing spiral (20") and the second mixing spiral are arranged nested into one another.
- The mixing drum according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a radius of a circular sector segment forming a particular spiral segment (30") essentially corresponds to a radius of an inner wall of the drum housing (15).
- The mixing drum according to claim 3, wherein the outer edge of the spiral segment (30") contacting the inner wall is formed by a circular segment and an inner edge (22") of the spiral segment (30") oriented towards the longitudinal axis (A) of the drum housing (15) is formed by a straight line that is parallel to an imaginary reference tangent contacting at a center of the circular segment, or through a line with circular arc shape.
- The mixer drum according to claim 4, wherein the spiral segment (30"') is configured modular and includes at least one main segment (32"') and a frame segment (33"') at least partially framing the main segment (32"').
- The mixer drum according to claim 5, wherein the main segment (32"') is disengageably connected with the frame segment (33"'), in particular bolted together or riveted together.
- The mixer drum according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the inner edge (22') of the spiral segment (30') is provided with wear protection which is arranged essentially parallel and/or perpendicular to the level of the spiral segment (30"').
- The mixer drum according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spiral segment (30", 30"') and/or the wear protection are made from steel with a hardness greater than 200 HB, and/or glass fiber reinforced plastic and/or carbon fiber reinforced plastic and/or plastic material.
- The mixer drum according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spiral segment (30", 30"') and/or the wear protection is coated with plastic material.
- The mixer drum according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the particular spiral segments (30') are arranged at an acute angle to a respective imaginary reference plane (D) which is arranged perpendicular to a longitudinal axis (A) of the drum housing (15).
- The mixer drum according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the particular spiral segments (30') are welded or glued together with one another and/or with an inner wall of the drum housing (15).
- The mixer drum according to one of the preceding claims 1 through 11, wherein the particular spiral segments (30") are disengageably connected with one another and/or with the inner wall of the drum housing (15), in particular bolted or riveted together.
- The mixer drum according to one of the claims 1 through 12, wherein the mixer drum is arranged on a self-propelled mixer which is provided with a frame (2) on which the mixer drum is arranged rotatable and inclined relative to the frame (2).
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SI200731034T SI1950017T1 (en) | 2007-01-24 | 2007-01-24 | Mixer drum and concrete mixer truck equiped with same |
EP07001541A EP1950017B1 (en) | 2007-01-24 | 2007-01-24 | Mixer drum and concrete mixer truck equiped with same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07001541A EP1950017B1 (en) | 2007-01-24 | 2007-01-24 | Mixer drum and concrete mixer truck equiped with same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1950017A1 EP1950017A1 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
EP1950017B1 true EP1950017B1 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
Family
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EP07001541A Active EP1950017B1 (en) | 2007-01-24 | 2007-01-24 | Mixer drum and concrete mixer truck equiped with same |
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EP (1) | EP1950017B1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI1950017T1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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DE102022117278A1 (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2024-01-18 | Stetter Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Mixer drum, concrete mixer and method for producing a mixer drum |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8646965B2 (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2014-02-11 | Mcneilus Truck And Manufacturing, Inc. | Concrete mixing drum fin structure |
CN111571813A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-08-25 | 黄桂英 | Novel concrete mixer |
CN112549307B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-03-18 | 合肥市日月新型材料有限公司 | Efficient concrete stirring device and stirring method thereof |
PL436354A1 (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-20 | Ina Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Mixer drum of a truck concrete mixer |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1391454A (en) * | 1917-07-03 | 1921-09-20 | John W Brabant | Mixing-machine |
US1999843A (en) * | 1931-10-09 | 1935-04-30 | Blaw Knox Co | Mixer |
US4274751A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-06-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Scraped wall agitator |
DE4010539C2 (en) * | 1990-04-02 | 2001-08-02 | Stetter Gmbh | Mixing drum, especially for concrete mixers |
US5178457A (en) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-01-12 | Tandem Products, Inc. | Mixer fin |
WO1997032702A1 (en) * | 1996-03-07 | 1997-09-12 | Mintoak Pty. Ltd. | Improvements to mixing barrels |
-
2007
- 2007-01-24 EP EP07001541A patent/EP1950017B1/en active Active
- 2007-01-24 SI SI200731034T patent/SI1950017T1/en unknown
Cited By (2)
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DE102022117278A1 (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2024-01-18 | Stetter Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Mixer drum, concrete mixer and method for producing a mixer drum |
WO2024013053A1 (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2024-01-18 | Stetter Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Mixing drum, concrete mixer, and method for producing a mixing drum |
Also Published As
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EP1950017A1 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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