EP1936109B1 - Drilling device comprising a rotational drive - Google Patents

Abstract

A first gearbox (10) is connected to a first drive unit (11) to turn the inner rod. A second gearbox (20) is longitudinally offset from the first, along the longitudinal direction of the drilling rod. This (20) is connected to at least one second drive unit (21), to turn the outer tube. In novel design, the second drive unit is spaced away from the second gear box (20) and the second drive unit is arranged near the first drive unit on the first gear box. An independent claim IS INCLUDED FOR the corresponding drilling method.

Description

The invention relates to a rotary drive arrangement for a drill string having an outer tube and an inner linkage extending at least in sections within the outer tube, in particular for double-head and / or overlay drilling, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a rotary drive arrangement has a first gear unit with at least one first drive unit for rotationally driving the inner linkage and at least one offset in the longitudinal direction of the drill string arranged second gear unit with a second drive unit for rotationally driving the outer tube, wherein the second drive unit is spaced from the second gear unit , and wherein the second drive unit is arranged next to the first drive unit on the first transmission unit.

There are rotary drive assemblies for double head drilling with two in the longitudinal direction of the drill string sequentially arranged gear units known, one of the gear units for rotating operation of the inner linkage and the other is used for rotating operation of the outer tube of the drill string. To drive the two gear units, a hydraulic drive unit is mounted on the two associated gear housings, wherein the drive shaft of each gear unit is connected directly to the associated drive unit.

However, such drive arrangements can have a comparatively long overall length in the direction of the drill string, which results from the sum of the overall lengths of the two gear units and the two drive units. With regard to the greatest possible useful length, that is to say entry depth of the drill pipe, however, as short a construction length as possible is usually desirable.

Other rotary drive arrangements are from the DE 197 04 263 C1 and the DE 100 05 475 A1 and the same priority EP 1 124 037 A known. These drive arrangements have a common drive unit whose torque is distributed with different directions of rotation both on the outer tube and on the inner rod. In these known arrangements, the speed of the outer tube is usually synchronized with the speed of the inner linkage.

A generic rotary drive arrangement goes out of the DE 199 06 687 A1 out. This document describes a usable as a double-head drilling device with counter-rotating inner tube and outer tube drilling device. The drilling device has a compact gear housing, in which the coupled with the separately operable drive motors gear are axially arranged one behind the other and are connected via hollow shafts independently of each other with the terminating in front of the transmission housing inner tube and outer tube. The gearbox housing receives both gears. The drive motors are flanged onto the opposite side of the transmission housing from the inner and outer tubes.

The DE 44 02 487 A1 describes a drilling unit for the deep hole drilling with a drive for the inner tube and a second drive for the outer tube associated with a mount with hammer plate and are detachably connected via drive housing with the hammer plate, the drives axially pushed together and directly or indirectly to the inner tube or the outer tube are arranged to act and have a housing consisting of several sub-housings, which is connected to the one-piece hammer plate.

The DE 197 32 479 C1 relates to a drilling apparatus having an outer linkage through which a drilling equipment extends, a drive device for shifting the inner drilling equipment in the outer linkage, and a hydraulic impact device having an annular piston which applies impacts to a tubular insertion end attached to the rear end of the outer linkage Drilling equipment consists of a high-pressure injection rod, which is driven only rotating and non-impacting.

The object of the invention is to provide a rotary drive arrangement, which is particularly versatile with high reliability and in particular has a particularly short length.

The object is achieved by a rotary drive arrangement with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

In the case of the rotary drive arrangement according to the invention, it is provided, among other things, that the second drive unit is spaced from the second transmission unit, and that the second drive unit is arranged next to the first drive unit on the first transmission unit.

A basic idea of the invention can be seen not to provide the drive unit for the outer tube directly to the gear unit for the outer tube, but rather to arrange this drive unit in the region of the rear gear unit for the inner rod, which is set back against the drilling direction opposite to the gear unit for the outer tube , As a result, the space required for drive means in the front in the drilling direction, that is, drilling close, arranged second gear unit is reduced, which may be advantageous in terms of reliability and reliability. In particular, the drive unit for the outer tube can be arranged at a distance from the intermediate space between the two gear units, so that these gear units can be positioned particularly close to each other and a particularly small length and thus a particularly high depth of entry can be achieved. In addition, the invention allows a particularly simple and compact installation of operating lines of the drive units, in particular of hydraulic lines, as well as any existing switching valves, as these lines and valves can be summarized in the first, rear gear unit.

Since independent drive units are used according to the invention for the outer tube and the inner rod, the outer tube and inner rod can be operated in a particularly versatile manner independently of each other. In particular, the speed and / or the torque of the outer tube can be varied relative to the inner rod and it can be provided in a particularly simple manner, both a co-operation and an opposite operation.

It is particularly advantageous that the first drive unit and / or the second drive unit are arranged on a housing of the first transmission unit, which enables a particularly simple assembly of the two drive units. In order to ensure easy access to the drive units, it is advantageous that these are arranged at least partially on the outside of the housing.

Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous according to the invention that the first drive unit and / or the second drive unit are arranged on a rear side of the first transmission unit facing away from the second transmission unit. With such a rear arrangement on the rear in the drilling direction, that is, the borehole facing away from the first drive unit, the drive units are particularly well and in particular without disassembly of gear units accessible, which may be advantageous, for example, in terms of maintenance of the drive units. In addition, this arrangement allows a particularly compact design, in particular a particularly short overall length.

For a particularly simple and reliable power transmission from the second drive unit to the second gear unit for the outer tube, it is advantageous that at least one drive shaft is provided for actuating the second gear unit, which extends from the second drive unit to the second gear unit. In particular, for a particularly compact design, the drive shaft may expediently extend at least partially parallel to the drill string. Preferably, a drive pinion of the second gear unit, which may be formed, for example, as a spur gear arranged on the drive shaft. If a plurality of second drive units are provided for the outer tube, a shaft is suitably arranged on each of these drive units, which has a drive pinion for the second, arranged in the drilling direction gear unit. Suitably, all these waves are parallel to each other. The drive shaft can be designed, for example, as a rigid shaft or as a propeller shaft.

The design of the drive shaft as propeller shaft can be particularly advantageous when the two preferably designed as a spur gear transmission units have a different translation. In particular, in this case, the drive pinion of the two gear units may have a different distance from the drilling axis. The use of a cardan shaft makes it possible to compensate for the differences in the center distance of the drive pinion to the drilling axis and to arrange the first drive unit for the inner rod and the second drive unit for the outer rod at the same axial distance to the drilling axis.

For a particularly compact design, it is advantageous that the housing of the first gear unit has a recess through which the drive shaft for the second gear unit passes.

A particularly economical rotary drive arrangement is given by the fact that the first drive unit and the second drive unit are designed at least approximately identical. In this case, only a single type of drive unit needs to be kept in stock for the manufacture and repair of the rotary drive assembly.

According to the invention, two second drive units and a first drive unit are provided. Thus, the number of second drive units is greater than the number of first drive units. This makes it possible to supply the outer tube with a higher rotational power, in particular a higher torque, compared with the inner rod, whereby a particularly good drilling progress can be achieved.

According to the invention, three drive units are provided, wherein the first drive unit is located between the two second drive units. In this case, the centrally arranged drive unit drives the gear unit of the inner linkage, whereas the two outer drive units are associated with the gear unit of the outer tube. According to the invention, two second drive units and a first drive unit arranged therebetween are provided.

A structurally particularly simple and at the same time reliable rotary drive arrangement is given by the fact that the first gear unit and / or the second gear unit has a spur gear. The spur gear can be configured in one or more stages.

Suitably, a clutch for the inner rod and on the output shaft of the second gear unit, a coupling for the outer tube is provided on the output shaft of the first gear unit.

Furthermore, it is advantageous, in particular with regard to the expense in the production and maintenance, that the two gear units have at least approximately the same translation. If the same ratio of both gear units is given, the invention in which the number of second drive units for the outer tube is greater than the number of first drive units for the inner linkage, particularly useful because the outer tube is often required a higher torque than for the inner rod. In addition, it can be provided that the at least one second drive unit is dimensioned more powerful than the at least one first drive unit.

Expediently, the drive units each have a drive motor designed as a hydraulic motor. In particular, the drive motor of at least one of the drive units may comprise a reduction gear, which may be formed, for example, as a planetary gear.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous that the drive units are arranged on a bow, preferably on a circular arc, which extends around the drill string and / or the drilling axis. This can be particularly advantageous in terms of the force absorption, in particular in the case according to the invention, in which more than two drive units are provided. It is particularly advantageous if the drive units have at least approximately the same external dimensions. As a result, for example, an arcuate arrangement of the drive units in a particularly simple manner possible.

Furthermore, it is advantageous according to the invention that a holding plate is provided, on which the drive units are arranged. This holding plate extends suitably perpendicular to the drilling axis, that is, the longitudinal axis of the drill string. In particular, the holding plate can form a part, for example a back plate, of the gear housing of the first gear unit.

For particularly compact external dimensions, it is advantageous that the housing of the first gear unit and / or a housing of the second gear unit are box-shaped.

Furthermore, it may be preferred according to the invention that the housing of the first gear unit is spaced from the housing of the second gear unit in the longitudinal direction of the drill string. In particular, by such an embodiment may be formed in a preferred manner between the two gear units, a free space, which allows access from the outside to the inner rod and / or an adapter device for the inner rod. Such a free space can in particular allow a particularly simple assembly or disassembly of the inner linkage to the first gear unit.

For a particularly torsion-resistant arrangement, it is advantageous that at least one strut is provided, which connects the housing of the first gear unit with the housing of the second gear unit.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention is that the two gear units in the longitudinal direction of the drill string are movable relative to each other. For example, it can be provided to move the gear units for mounting and / or disassembling the drill string against each other. It can also be provided to move the two gear units during the drilling operation against each other, which can lead to a corresponding relative movement of the axially fixed to the first drive unit inner linkage with respect to the axially fixed to the second drive unit outer tube. As a result, a particularly versatile rotary drive arrangement is obtained.

If the two gear units are movable relative to each other, it is advantageous that the drive shaft has a torque-rigid sliding seat for changing its length with relative displacement of the gear units. Such a sliding seat allows a change in length of the drive shaft and thus a compensation of the change occurring in the process of the distance of the first gear unit fixedly arranged second drive unit of the second gear unit. The sliding seat may have, for example, a splined shaft for transmitting torque.

For active relative displacement of the two gear units to each other, for example, at least one linear drive, in particular a hydraulic cylinder may be provided. This is advantageously arranged at least in sections in an area between the two gear units. In another preferred embodiment, the linear drive extends at least in sections on a side facing away from the second gear unit back of the first gear unit.

In particular, for a particularly good drilling progress in certain soil geologies a hammer mechanism for the drill string is advantageously provided, with which in particular the inner linkage can be operated hitting. Preferably, the percussion mechanism is provided on the rear side of the first transmission unit facing away from the second transmission unit.

The rotary drive arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable for double-head drilling and / or overlay drilling. In particular, the rotary drive arrangement can be provided for an opposite rotational operation of the outer tube with respect to the inner rod. Suitably, the outer tube is designed as a drill pipe with drill bit arranged at the end. The internal linkage suitably has a drilling screw and in particular a bottom removal area arranged on the bottom.

The invention also includes a method for creating a bore, in particular in the ground, in which a drill string with an outer tube and an inner linkage extending at least partially within the outer tube is set in rotation by means of a rotary drive arrangement according to the invention and moved axially. As a result, the advantages discussed in the context of the device according to the invention can be realized in a method.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Drehantriebsanordnung;

Fig. 2

eine Rückansicht der Drehantriebsanordnung aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Vorderansicht der Drehantriebsanordnung aus Fig. 1; und

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht der Drehantriebsanordnung aus Fig. 1 mit angebautem Bohrgestänge und Bohrrohr.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments, which are shown schematically in the figures. In the figures show schematically:

Fig. 1

a side view of an embodiment of a rotary drive assembly according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a rear view of the rotary drive assembly Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a front view of the rotary drive assembly Fig. 1 ; and

Fig. 4

a plan view of the rotary drive assembly Fig. 1 with mounted drill pipe and drill pipe.

Equally acting elements are identified in all figures with the same reference numerals.

An embodiment of a rotary drive assembly according to the invention is in the FIGS. 1 to 4 shown. The rotary drive assembly includes a first gear unit 10 for rotationally actuating an in Fig. 4 illustrated inner linkage 1 and a second gear unit 20 for rotationally actuating a in Fig. 4 illustrated outer tube 2, wherein the outer tube 2 surrounds the inner rod 1 coaxially. Both gear units 10, 20 are formed as a spur gear.

The two gear units 10, 20 are arranged offset in the direction of the drilling axis 41, which extends longitudinally and centrally through the inner rod 1 and the outer tube 2. The first gear unit 10 has a box-like housing 13 and the second gear unit 20 has a box-like housing 23. The two housings 13, 23 are held at a distance by means of struts 32, 32 ', which run parallel to the drilling axis 41 and are arranged at the ends on each of the housings 13, 23. .

On the drill pipe facing, in the drilling direction front side of the second gear unit 20, a first adapter coupling 16 for the inner rod 1 and a second adapter coupling 26 for the outer tube 2 are provided. The designed as a polygonal profile first adapter coupling 16 for the inner rod 1 is disposed on the end of a shaft 15 which passes through the second adapter coupling 26 and the second gear unit 20 with its housing 23 and is guided to the first gear unit 10, through which it is rotationally actuated. Between the two axially offset housings 13, 23 of the two gear units 10, 20, a free space 43 is formed, which allows access to the shaft 15 between the two gear units 10, 20. The second adapter coupling 26 for the outer tube 2 surrounds the shaft 15 coaxially and has clamping jaws 27 for the rotationally fixed fixing of the outer tube 2.

For rotating actuation of the first gear unit 10 for the inner rod 1, a drive unit 11 is provided. For rotationally actuating the second gear unit 20 for the outer tube 2, two drive units 21, 21 'are provided. All three drive units 11, 21, 21 'are substantially identical in construction to essentially the same power and designed as hydraulic rotary drives.

All three drive units 11, 21 and 21 'are arranged on the second gear unit 20 facing away from the outer tube 2 back of the first gear unit 10 on the housing 13. On this rear side, the housing 13 of the first gear unit 10 has a holding plate 17, which runs perpendicular to the drilling axis 41 and on which the drive units 11, 21 and 21 'are flanged. In particular Fig. 2 can be seen, the substantially identical design drive units 11, 21 and 21 'are arranged on a circle which extends around the drilling axis 41 around. The drive unit 11 for the inner rod 1 is provided centrally between the two drive units 21 and 21 'for the outer tube 2.

For torque transmission between the drive units 21, 21 'and the second gear unit 20 for the outer tube 2, a drive shaft 28, 28' is respectively provided on the drive units 21, 21 '. These drive shafts 28, 28 'extend parallel to the drilling axis 41 and extend from the drive units 21, 21' through corresponding recesses in the housing 13 and through the free space 43 to the front, second gear unit 20. Here are the drive shafts 28, 28 'in the Figures unrecognizable drive pinion arranged with which the second gear unit 20 is actuated. The first drive unit 11 also has a drive shaft, which is not recognizable in the figures. Also on this drive shaft, a pinion is arranged, which serves for actuating the first gear unit 10.

On the second gear unit 20 remote from the back of the first gear unit 10 is a housing extension with at least one bearing point for the shaft 15 or alternatively a striking mechanism 49 is provided, with which the shaft 15 and thus the inner rod 1 in the direction of the drilling axis 41 can be operated in a striking manner. Furthermore, two hydraulic cylinders 52, 52 'are provided on the rear side of the first gear unit 10, which extend from the housing 13 parallel to the drilling axis 41 to the rear. These cylinders 52, 52 'can relative to the axial displacement of the inner rod 1 serve to the outer tube 2. In particular, with them, for example, a fixed bearing for the shaft 15 and / or the inner rod 1 are moved axially.

In another embodiment, the hydraulic cylinders 52, 52 'may serve to axially displace the two gear units 10, 20 relative to one another.

Claims (9)

1. Rotary drive assembly for a drill rod having an outer tube (2) and an inner rod (1) extending at least in sections inside the outer tube (2), in particular for double-head and/or superposed drilling, comprising

   - a first gear unit (10) having at least a first drive unit (11) for driving the inner rod (1) in a rotating manner and

   - a second gear unit (20), which is offset to the said first gear unit in the longitudinal direction of the drill rod and has at least a second drive unit (21) for driving the outer tube (2) in a rotating manner,

   - the second drive unit (21) being spaced from the second gear unit (20) and

   - the second drive unit (21) being arranged adjacent to the first drive unit (11) on the first gear unit (10)

   characterized in that

   - two second drive units (21, 21') are provided for the outer tube (2), and

   - the first drive unit (11) for the inner rod (1) is arranged between the two second drive units (21, 21').
2. Rotary drive assembly according to claim 1,
   characterized in that

   - the first drive unit (11) and the second drive unit (21) are arranged on a housing (13) of the first gear unit (10) and/or

   - the first drive unit (11) and the second drive unit (21) are arranged on a rear side of the first gear unit (10) that faces away from the second gear unit (20).
3. Rotary drive assembly according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   for the operation of the second gear unit (20) at least one drive shaft (28), in particular a Cardan shaft, is provided that preferably extends at least in sections parallel to the drill rod from the second drive unit (21) to the second gear unit (20).
4. Rotary drive assembly according to claim 3,
   characterized in that
   the housing (13) of the first gear unit (10) has a recess, through which the drive shaft (28) for the second gear unit (20) extends.
5. Rotary drive assembly according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that

   - the first gear unit (10) and/or the second gear unit (20) has a spur gear,

   - the two gear units (10, 20) have at least approximately the same transmission.
6. Rotary drive assembly according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that

   - the drive units (11, 21) are arranged on an arc that extends around the drill rod, and/or

   - a support plate (17) is provided on which the drive units (11, 21) are arranged.
7. Rotary drive assembly according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that

   - the housing (13) of the first gear unit (10) and/or a housing (23) of the second gear unit are formed in a box-type manner,

   - the housing of the first gear unit (10) is spaced from the housing (23) of the second gear unit (20) in the longitudinal direction of the drill rod and/or

   - at least one strut (32) is provided which connects the housing (13) of the first gear unit (10) with the housing (23) of the second gear unit.
8. Rotary drive assembly according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that

   - the two gear units (10, 20) can be displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the drill rod,

   - wherein the drive shaft (28) preferably having a torque-fixed sliding seat for changing its length during a relative displacement of the gear units (10, 20).
9. Method for producing a borehole, in which a drill rod having an outer tube (2) and an inner rod (1) extending at least in sections inside the outer tube (2) is set into rotation and displaced axially by means of a rotary drive assembly according to any one of the preceding claims.

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