EP1936042A1 - Self-sealing material for sealing floor areas - Google Patents

Abstract

The automatic sealing material has multiple dried ball shaped bodies, which consist of a mixture of clayey earth matter and a source material (14) intumescent in contact with water. The sealing material is granulate shaped, and the diameter or the equivalent diameter of the multiple bodies lies approximately within the range of 1 to 70 millimeter. Bentonite powder, bentonite pearl and bentonite pellets are the source materials. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for the production of an automatic sealing material for the sealing of floor spaces (2) a device for the production of an automatic sealing material.

Description

The present invention relates to a self-sealing sealing material for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, a method for producing the same and methods for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or Like, in which a clayey mass of material is first prepared for homogenization and then applied to the bottom surface, and a device for applying bulk material.

From the DE 198 36 818 C2 is a method for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is first prepared for homogenization and then applied to the bottom surface known. More specifically, in the known method, the processed clayey earth mass is divided into a plurality of three-dimensional bodies, the bodies thus produced are applied to the bottom surface and the body located on the bottom surface is processed so that the plurality of three-dimensional bodies deforms into a dense layer.

The known method is quite time consuming and thus expensive by the processing step.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a less time-consuming sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like to allow.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a self-sealing sealing material for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, comprising a plurality of three-dimensional, preferably disk or plate-shaped, bodies of a mixture of clayey Erdmassemasse and at least one source material swelling on contact with water. The clayey mass of matter may be clay, preferably recycled. The source material may consist, for example, of bentonite powder, bentonite beads or bentonite pellets.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, this object is achieved by a method for producing a self-sealing sealing material for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, characterized in that clayey mass of material with the addition of at least one at Contact with water swelling source material is homogenized, the resulting material is compacted, formed into a plurality of three-dimensional bodies and the bodies thus formed are dried.

Furthermore, this object is achieved according to a further aspect by a method for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of earth is first prepared for homogenization and then applied to the bottom surface, characterized in that when homogenizing the clayey mass of matter at least one source material swelling upon contact with water is added, the resulting material is formed into a plurality of three-dimensional bodies, the bodies thus formed are applied to the bottom surface and at least one protective layer is applied to the applied bodies. The prepared mass of material can be mixed with the source material on site, that is at the construction site, or in advance. The protective layer also serves as a ballast layer. The three-dimensional bodies may, for example, have cube shape, cuboid shape, disk shape, lens shape, barley grain shape or the like.

Furthermore, this object is achieved according to a further aspect of the invention by a method for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is processed for homogenization, characterized in that the processed mass of material is mixed with at least one swelling on contact with water source material and then applied to the bottom surface and at least one protective layer is applied thereto. The protective layer also serves as a ballast layer. The three-dimensional bodies may, for example, have cube shape, cuboid shape, disk shape, lens shape, barley grain shape or the like.

Finally, the present invention provides a device for applying bulk material, in particular self-sealing material according to claim 1, to a bottom surface under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, comprising a chute, characterized in that a Schüttgutleiteinrichtung is provided which at least a roll-up or collapsible curtain of water-permeable, flexible material to form a bulk pass under the chute.

In the method for producing a self-sealing sealing material may be provided that the resulting material is compressed and the plurality of is formed in three-dimensional bodies. The three-dimensional bodies may, for example, have cube shape, cuboid shape, disk shape, lens shape, barley grain shape or the like.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional body can be dried by means of hot air or microwaves.

In particular, the three-dimensional bodies can be dried on a Rüttelrost.

Advantageously, the three-dimensional bodies are disk-shaped or platelet-shaped. Thus, the three-dimensional body for installation in the embankment area are particularly suitable and can thus achieve high storage densities.

In the method of sealing floor surfaces according to claim 7 it can be provided that the bodies thus formed are dried before they are applied to the bottom surface.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the at least one source material is bentonite powder, bentonite beads or bentonite pellets.

Advantageously, the three-dimensional bodies are disk-shaped or platelet-shaped.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the or at least one protective layer is a filter layer or a layer of water bricks.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention can be provided that directly on the layer of the molded bodies, a release layer, preferably from Tonschnitzeln applied.

According to a further particular embodiment of the invention, the bottom surface is a channel sole, the planum is prepared before applying the shaped body to the channel sole and a release layer, preferably made of clay chips, applied to the planum.

In the method according to claim 13 it can be provided that the or at least one protective layer is a filter layer or a layer of water bricks

Advantageously, a release layer, preferably from clay chips, is applied directly to the layer of the mixture of prepared bulk material and at least one source material.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the bottom surface is a channel sole, prepared before application of the mixture of clayey mass of material and at least one source material, the planum and a release layer, preferably from Tonschnitzeln, is applied to the subgrade.

In the apparatus for applying bulk material can be provided that at least one curtain can be rolled onto a holding roller.

Conveniently, two spaced, parallel spreadable curtains are provided.

Finally, there is expediently the at least one curtain of chains or of a chain mat.

The invention is based on the surprising finding that a self-sealing seal or source seal is achieved by the use of source material, whereby a subsequent processing step can be omitted. When installing the sealing layer there are no hollow layers between, for example, a channel bottom and the sealing layer, since the individual bodies or shaped bodies adapt to the channel bottom.

The independent application of the horizontal swelling action avoids working and butt joints in the surface seal.

An application to existing structures, sheet piles or existing seals, in particular clay seals, takes place automatically without manual or mechanical reworking.

The surface seal has a self-healing effect in case of damage or subsidence.

There is an individual adaptation to the requirements of the construction measure with respect to the sealing speed and the thickness of the body, in particular moldings.

By means of the present invention, the production of large sealed surfaces in a short construction time and with little manpower and machinery is possible.

Figur 1

ein Beispiel für ein selbstdichtendes Abdichtungsmaterial im Laufe des Quellens jeweils in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben und in Schnittansicht zeigt;

Figur 2

eine Schnittansicht im Bereich einer Kanalsohle mit einer Abdichtung aus einem Abdichtungsmaterial gemäß einer besonderen Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung vor dem Quellen zeigt;

Figur 3

eine Ansicht wie Figur 2, jedoch nach dem Quellen zeigt;

Figur 4

eine Ansicht wie Figur 3, jedoch im Bereich eines Bauwerks bzw. einer Spundbohle zeigt;

Figur 5

eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines selbstdichtenden Abdichtungsmaterials zeigt; und

Figur 6

eine weitere Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung von Figur 5 zeigt.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the claims and the description below, in which embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail with reference to the schematic drawings, in which:

FIG. 1

shows an example of a self-sealing sealing material in the course of swelling respectively in a perspective view from above and in sectional view;

FIG. 2

a sectional view in the region of a channel sole with a seal of a sealing material according to a particular embodiment of the present invention prior to swelling;

FIG. 3

a view like FIG. 2 but according to the sources shows;

FIG. 4

a view like FIG. 3 , but in the area of a building or a sheet pile shows;

FIG. 5

shows a device for applying a self-sealing sealing material; and

FIG. 6

another side view of the device of FIG. 5 shows.

FIG. 1 shows a disc-shaped body 10, which consists of clay 12 and thus mixed source material 14. The source material 14 may for example consist of bentonite beads. The body 10 may be dried and solid. Upon contact with water (not shown), the source material 14 begins to swell. In FIG. 1 is shown from top to bottom, as the source material 14 begins to swell and is getting bigger.

The bodies 10 may have different shapes depending on the location and condition of use. The body 10 is made by homogenizing natural clay and adding source material so as to give an even distribution in the clay mass, followed by densification and special shaping. Immediately after production, the bodies are shaken by means of hot air or microwaves dried so far that sticking of the individual body 10 prevents and a low-deformation transport and storage is possible. In addition, the drying process stops the swelling process of the source material.

Although the size of the body 10 depends on the conditions of the individual case, as small a body as possible is always desired in order to achieve the highest possible storage density of the body in a surface seal.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view in the region of a channel bottom 16. On the channel bottom 16, the planum 18 is made to avoid mixing with the upcoming sands of the channel bottom 16, the installation of a separation layer 20 made of clay chips. On it is a multiplicity of in FIG. 1 shown body 10 applied in the form of a sealing layer 22. Above the sealing layer 22, a further separating layer 24 made of clay chips is applied in order to prevent mixing with the subsequent filter layers 26 and 28. On the filter layer 28 is then applied a layer 30 of water bricks. The filter layers 26 and 28 and the layer 30 simultaneously serve as ballast layers.

When the bodies 10 are placed at the position to be sealed, which may be several thousand bodies per square meter depending on the size, the bodies 10 come into contact with water on their surface and become plastic. The outer bentonite beads incorporated in the bodies 10 as the source material 14 begin to absorb water. As a result, the bodies 10 increase in volume (see FIG. 3 ) and begin to self-seal the surface to be sealed. Due to the progressive water absorption The body 10, these are constantly plastic, so that the swelling process continues to progress.

Immediately after the installation of the sealing layer 22, the further layers 24, 26, 28 and 30 are applied as required. The ballast layers cause a mechanical vertical pre-compaction of the sealing layer 22.

The now further penetrating into the sealing layer 22 water is continuously absorbed by the source material 14 in the bodies 10, so that it continuously to a. Volume increase of the body 10 is coming (see FIG. 3 ). The bodies 10 wedge and seal the surface hydraulically in the horizontal position (see FIG. 3 ). The expansion of the body 10 can only take place in the horizontal, since vertically the surface is ballasted. Thus, a seal on existing structures, sheet piles and clay surfaces is possible without a mechanical reworking is required.

After the upper bodies 10 have sealed the upper surface to be sealed due to the increase in volume and further penetration of water is prevented, the lower portion of the sealing layer 22 is prevented from further reacting with the water, so that the swelling operation is interrupted. However, this lower area still has further unused source potential

If mechanical damage or subsidence cracks occur in the upper region of the sealing layer 22, the lower region of the sealing layer 22 is capable of self-sealing these damages, since the latter still has source potential.

In addition, with this method of sealing a repair of large-scale damage is also easily possible.

By dosing the Quellmaterial- and Tonanteile and size and strength of the body 10, the swelling volume and the swelling rate can be adjusted, Thus, the seal with bodies 10 and moldings made of clay to the requirements of the individual construction measure can be adjusted individually.

FIG. 4 shows the sealing situation in the area of a building or a sheet pile 32. The sealing layer 22 is applied to the sheet pile 32 automatically.

In the Figures 5 and 6 a device 34 for applying the body 10 is shown as a sealing layer. Said device also serves to apply the separating and filtering layers. Said device 34 has, in addition to a chute 36 for bulk material 38, a bulk material guide device made of a water-permeable and flexible material, in the present case chain mats 40 and 42. The chain mats 40 and 42 extend vertically parallel to each other on two opposite sides of the device 34. More specifically, they extend at right angles to two oppositely disposed floats 44 and 46. The chain mats are rollable on and secured to support rollers 48 and 50. By means of the retaining rollers 48, 50 they can be discharged more or less far down depending on the need and depth of the water 54. By Schüttgutleiteinrichtung prevents the bulk material drifts from the proposed bulk corridor and thus can not be positioned accurately positioned. According to the requirements of the installation accuracy and peculiarities of the site chain mats can be mounted on all sides of the Schütteinrichtung so that they form a bulk corridor.

In FIG. 5 the device 34 is still next to the point with built-bulk material 52 from the three-dimensional bodies described above, while in FIG. 6 is arranged above the built bulk 52.

The features of the invention disclosed in the present description, in the drawings and in the claims may be essential both individually and in any desired combinations for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

body

12

volume

14

source material

16

channel sole

18

Planum

20

Interface

22

sealing layer

24

Interface

26, 28

filter layers

30

Layer of water blocks

32

sheet pile

34

device

36

lifting device

38

bulk

40.42

chain mats

44.46

float

48, 50

holding rollers

52

built-in bulk material

54

water

Claims (22)

Self-sealing sealing material for sealing floor surfaces, in particular under water (54), such as soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like, comprising a plurality of three-dimensional, preferably disk or plate-shaped bodies (10) made of a mixture of clayey earth mass and at least one in contact with water (54) swelling source material (14) exist. Method for producing a self-sealing sealing material for sealing floor surfaces, in particular under water (54), such as, for example, soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like,
characterized in that
clayey mass of material is homogenized with the addition of at least one swelling material (14) swelling on contact with water (54),
the resulting material is compacted and formed into a plurality of three-dimensional bodies (10). Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the bodies (10) thus formed are dried. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the resulting material is compacted and formed into the plurality of three-dimensional bodies (10). Method according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the three-dimensional bodies (10) are dried by means of hot air or microwaves. Method according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the three-dimensional bodies (10) are dried on a Rüttelrost. Method according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the three-dimensional bodies (10) are disk-shaped or platelet-shaped. Method for sealing floor surfaces, in particular under water (54), such as, for example, soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is first prepared for homogenization and then applied to the floor surface,
characterized in that
at least one swelling material (14) swelling on contact with water (54) is homogenised when the clayey mass of material is homogenized, the resulting material is formed into a multiplicity of three-dimensional bodies (10),
the shaped bodies (10) are applied to the bottom surface and at least one protective layer is applied to the applied bodies (10). A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the thus formed bodies (10) are dried before being applied to the bottom surface. Process according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the at least one source material (14) is bentonite powder, bentonite beads or bentonite pellets. Method according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the three-dimensional bodies (10) are disk-shaped or platelet-shaped. Method according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the or at least one protective layer is a filter layer (26, 28) or a layer (30) of water bricks. Method according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that a release layer (24), preferably of clay chips, is applied directly to the layer (30) of the shaped bodies (10). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom surface is a channel bottom (16), prior to applying the shaped bodies (10) to the channel bottom (16), the sheet (18) made and a release layer (20), preferably from clay chips is applied to the planum (18). Method for sealing floor surfaces, in particular under water (54), such as, for example, soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is prepared for homogenization,
characterized in that
the treated mass of material is mixed with at least one swelling material (14) swelling on contact with water (54) and then applied to the bottom surface and at least one protective layer applied thereto. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the or at least one protective layer is a filter layer (26, 28) or a layer (30) of water bricks. A method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that directly on the layer (30) of the mixture of prepared mass of material and at least one source material (14) a release layer (24), preferably from Tonschnitzeln applied. Method according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the bottom surface is a channel base (16), before applying the mixture of clayey mass of material and at least one source material (14) made the planum (18) and a release layer (20), preferably from clay chips to which planum (18) is applied. Device (34) for applying bulk material (38), in particular self-sealing sealing material according to claim 1, to a bottom surface under water (54), such as soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like, comprising a pouring device (36),
characterized in that
a Schüttgutleiteinrichtung is provided which comprises at least one roll-up or collapsible curtain of water-permeable, flexible material to form a bulk corridor below the Schütteinrichtung (36). Device (34) according to claim 19, characterized in that the at least one curtain can be rolled up onto a holding roller (48 or 50). Device (34) according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that two spaced, mutually parallel spreadable curtains are provided. Device (34) according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the at least one curtain consists of chains or of a chain mat (40 or 42).

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