EP1935959A2 - Self-sealing material for sealing floor areas - Google Patents

Abstract

The automatic sealing material has multiple dried ball shaped bodies, which consist of a mixture of clayey earth matter and a source material (14) intumescent in contact with water. The sealing material is granulate shaped, and the diameter or the equivalent diameter of the multiple bodies lies approximately within the range of 1 to 70 millimeter. Bentonite powder, bentonite pearl and bentonite pellets are the source materials. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for the production of an automatic sealing material for the sealing of floor spaces (2) a device for the production of an automatic sealing material.

Description

The present invention relates to a self-sealing sealing material for sealing floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and embankments of channels or the like, a method and an apparatus for producing the same and methods for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is first prepared for homogenization and then applied to the bottom surface, and a device for applying bulk material.

From the DE 198 36 818 C2 is a method for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is first prepared for homogenization and then applied to the bottom surface known. More specifically, in the known method, the processed clayey earth mass is divided into a plurality of three-dimensional bodies, the bodies thus produced are applied to the bottom surface and the body located on the bottom surface is processed so that the plurality of three-dimensional bodies deforms into a dense layer.

The known method is quite time consuming and thus expensive by the processing step.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a less time-consuming sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like to allow.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a self-sealing sealing material for sealing floor surfaces, in particular under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, comprising a plurality of dried, at least substantially spherical bodies, consisting of a mixture of clay earth mass and at least one when swelling contact with water source material consist. The clayey mass of matter may be clay, preferably recycled. The source material may consist, for example, of bentonite powder, bentonite beads or bentonite pellets.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, this object is achieved by a method for producing a self-sealing sealing material for sealing of floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, characterized in that clayey mass of material with the addition of at least one at Contact with water swelling source material is homogenized and formed in a screen and drying drum unit into a plurality of at least substantially spherical bodies and the bodies thus formed are dried.

In addition, this object is achieved according to a further aspect by a device for producing a self-sealing sealing material according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises two concentric drums with an upper end of the drum and a lower end of the drum, the outer of the two Drums is stationary, a closed drum wall having a lower material outlet near the upper end of the drum and in its drum end wall at the upper end of the drum a material feed hopper and in its drum end wall at the lower end of the drum has a Überkornauslaßöffnung, further rotatable the inner of the two drums about the common axis is on the side of the material hopper having a first, closed drum wall part and subsequently a second, sieve-like drum wall part, on the outside of the drum wall of the rotatable drum Materialleitplatten are arranged with at least a portion of the Materialleitplatten directed towards the material outlet opening angle of attack, in the region of second, sieve-like drum wall portion in the rotatable drum an opposite to the rotatable drum rotatable Materialraspeltrommel is arranged concentrically to the latter and in the stationary drum a Behe is integrated.

Furthermore, this object is achieved according to a further aspect by a method for sealing of floor surfaces, in particular under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of earth is first prepared for homogenization and then applied to the bottom surface, characterized in that, when homogenizing the clayey mass of material, at least one swelling material swelling on contact with water is added, the resulting material is formed into a plurality of at least substantially spherical bodies, the bodies thus formed are applied to the ground surface and at least one protective layer is applied to the applied bodies is applied. The prepared mass of material can be mixed with the source material on site, that is at the construction site, or in advance. The protective layer also serves as a ballast layer.

In addition, according to another aspect, the present application provides a method for sealing floor surfaces, especially under water, such as soles and embankments of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is prepared for homogenization, characterized in that three-dimensional body of the processed Bulk mass with at least one swelling on contact with water Source material, which is in the form of three-dimensional bodies, mixed and then applied to the bottom surface and at least one protective layer are applied thereto.

Finally, the present invention provides a device for applying bulk material, in particular self-sealing sealing material according to one of claims 1 to 6, on a bottom surface under water, such as soles and slopes of channels or the like, comprising a Schütteinrichtung, characterized in that a Schüttgutleiteinrichtung provided which comprises at least one roll-up or collapsible curtain of water-permeable, flexible material to form a bulk pass under the chute.

In a particular embodiment, the sealing material is granular.

Conveniently, the diameter (s) or equivalent diameter (s) of the plurality of bodies is / are in the range of about 1 to 70 mm. The bodies may thus have diameters which extend over the entire aforementioned region or only a partial region thereof, or at least in principle have a single diameter with respective statistical deviations within the aforementioned range. For example, the diameter of the grains depending on the site and / or requirements of the site over a range of 2 to 20 mm, 2 to 30 mm or similar extend, but also have a monodisperse distribution.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional bodies can be directly or indirectly dried in the process for production by means of heating coils, hot air or microwaves.

According to a particular embodiment of the device for producing a self-sealing sealing material Materialleitplatten are in the field of Material outlet arranged circumferentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drums. This facilitates the material ejection.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the Materialleitplatten are arranged in the vicinity of the lower end of the drum at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the drums. This makes it easier to get material from the corners in the area of the lower end of the drum.

Conveniently, the Materialleitplatten are in the region of the material outlet and / or in the vicinity of the lower end of the drum substantially rectangular or square.

Conveniently, the material guide plates in the region between the region of the material outlet and the vicinity of the lower end of the drum substantially rectangular or square, but at least one side is provided with a recess. As a result, a better mixing and gradual conveying of the material to the Materialauslaßöffnung can be realized.

Furthermore, it can be provided in the method for sealing of floor surfaces, that the at least one source material bentonite powder, bentonite beads or bentonite pellets.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the or at least one protective layer is a filter layer or a layer of water bricks.

According to a further particular embodiment of the invention, the bottom surface is a channel bottom, and prior to application of the shaped bodies to the channel bottom, the sheet is produced.

In the method for sealing floor surfaces according to a further aspect, the or at least one protective layer is preferably a filter layer or a layer of water bricks.

In the apparatus for applying bulk material can be provided that at least one curtain can be rolled onto a holding roller.

Conveniently, two spaced, parallel spreadable curtains are provided.

Finally, there is expediently the at least one curtain of chains or of a chain mat.

The invention is based on the surprising finding that a self-sealing seal or source seal is achieved by the use of dried bulk material, whereby a subsequent processing step can be omitted. When installing the sealing layer there are no hollow layers between, for example, a channel bottom and the sealing layer, since the individual bodies or shaped bodies adapt to the channel bottom.

The independent application of the horizontal swelling action avoids working and butt joints in the surface seal.

An application to existing structures, sheet piles or existing seals, in particular clay seals, takes place automatically without manual or mechanical reworking.

The surface seal has a self-healing effect in case of damage or subsidence.

There is an individual adaptation to the requirements of the construction measure with respect to the sealing speed and the installation thickness of the dried bulk material.

By means of the present invention, the production of large sealed surfaces in a short construction time and with little manpower and machinery is possible. Essentially spherical bodies are particularly easy to dry through and lead to a particularly low adhesion of the body and to a particularly low transport weight. In addition, very few cavities are present, whereby a particularly rapid sealing is possible. In addition, the bodies are particularly easy to manufacture. By means of the device according to the invention for the production can be automatically produce at least almost spherical body.

Figur 1

ein Beispiel für ein selbstdichtendes Abdichtungsmaterial im Laufe des Quellens in Draufsicht zeigt;

Figur 2

eine Schnittansicht im Bereich einer Kanalsohle mit einer Abdichtung aus einem Abdichtungsmaterial gemäß einer besonderen Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung vor dem Quellen zeigt;

Figur 3

eine Ansicht wie Figur 2, jedoch nach dem Quellen zeigt;

Figur 4

eine Ansicht wie Figur 3, jedoch im Bereich eines Bauwerks bzw. einer Spundbohle zeigt;

Figur 5

eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines selbstdichtenden Abdichtungsmaterials zeigt;

Figur 6

eine weitere Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung von Figur 5 zeigt;

Figur 7

eine Seitenansicht mit teilweise weggebrochenen Elementen einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines selbstdichtenden Abdichtungsmaterials gemäß einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeigt;

Figur 8

eine Seitenansicht wie Fig. 7, aber mit transparent gezeichneter äußerer Trommel; und

Figur 9

eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie IX-IX von Fig. 8.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the claims and the following description, in which embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail with reference to the schematic drawings, in which:

FIG. 1

shows an example of a self-sealing sealing material in the course of swelling in plan view;

FIG. 2

a sectional view in the region of a channel sole with a seal of a sealing material according to a particular embodiment of the present invention prior to swelling;

FIG. 3

a view like FIG. 2 but according to the sources shows;

FIG. 4

a view like FIG. 3 , but in the area of a building or a sheet pile shows;

FIG. 5

shows a device for applying a self-sealing sealing material;

FIG. 6

another side view of the device of FIG. 5 shows;

FIG. 7

a side view with partially broken away elements of an apparatus for producing a self-sealing sealing material according to a particular embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8

a side view like Fig. 7 but with transparently drawn outer drum; and

FIG. 9

a sectional view taken along the line IX-IX of Fig. 8 ,

FIG. 1 shows an at least substantially spherical body 10 made of clay 12 and source material 14 mixed therewith. The source material 14 may consist, for example, of bentonite beads and preferably of bentonite powder. The body 10 may be dried and solid. Upon contact with water (not shown), the source material 14 begins to swell. In FIG. 1 is shown from top to bottom, as the source material 14 begins to swell and is getting bigger.

Although the size of the body 10 is dependent on the conditions of the individual case, in principle grain-graded bulk material is desired in order to achieve the highest possible density of storage of the body in a surface seal.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view in the region of a channel bottom 16. On the channel base 16, the planum 18 is made. On it is a multiplicity of in FIG. 1 shown body 10 applied in the form of a sealing layer 22. The sealing layer 22 is followed by filter layers 26 and 28. On the filter layer 28 is then applied a layer 30 of water bricks. The filter layers 26 and 28 and the layer 30 simultaneously serve as ballast layers.

When the bodies 10 are placed at the position to be sealed, which may be several thousand bodies per square meter depending on the size, the bodies 10 come into contact with water on their surface and become plastic. The outer bentonite grains incorporated in the bodies 10 as the source material 14 begin to absorb water. As a result, the bodies 10 increase in volume (see FIG. 3 ) and begin to self-seal the surface to be sealed. Due to the further progress of water absorption of the body 10, these are constantly plastic, so that the swelling process continues to progress.

Immediately after the installation of the sealing layer 22, the further layers 26, 28 and 30 are applied, as required. The ballast layers cause a mechanical vertical pre-compaction of the sealing layer 22.

The now further penetrating into the sealing layer 22 water is continuously absorbed by the source material 14 in the bodies 10, so that there is a continuous increase in volume of the body 10 (see FIG. 3 ). The bodies 10 wedge and seal the surface hydraulically in the horizontal position (see FIG. 3 ). The expansion of the body 10 can only take place in the horizontal, since vertically the surface is ballasted.

Thus, a seal on existing structures, sheet piles and clay surfaces is possible without a mechanical reworking is required.

After the upper bodies 10 have sealed the upper surface to be sealed due to the increase in volume and further penetration of water is prevented, the lower portion of the sealing layer 22 is prevented from further reacting with the water, so that the swelling operation is interrupted. However, this lower area still has further unused source potential.

If mechanical damage or subsidence cracks occur in the upper region of the sealing layer 22, the lower region of the sealing layer 22 is capable of self-sealing these damages, since the latter still has source potential.

In addition, with this method of sealing a repair of large-scale damage is also easily possible.

By dosing the source material and sound components as well as the size and strength of the body 10, the swelling volume and the swelling speed can be adjusted. Thus, the seal with bodies 10 and moldings made of clay can be individually adapted to the requirements of the individual construction measure.

FIG. 4 shows the sealing situation in the area of a building or a sheet pile 32. The sealing layer 22 is applied to the sheet pile 32 independently.

In the Figures 5 and 6 a device 34 for applying the body 10 is shown as a sealing layer. Said device also serves to apply the separating and filtering layers. Said device 34 has, in addition to a dumping device 36 for bulk material 38, a bulk material guide device made of a water-permeable and flexible material Material, in this case chain mats 40 and 42 on. The chain mats 40 and 42 extend vertically parallel to each other on two opposite sides of the device 34. More specifically, they extend at right angles to two oppositely disposed floats 44 and 46. The chain mats are rollable on and secured to support rollers 48 and 50. By means of the retaining rollers 48, 50 they can be discharged more or less far down depending on the need and depth of the water 54. By Schüttgutleiteinrichtung prevents the bulk material drifts from the proposed bulk corridor and thus can not be positioned accurately positioned. According to the requirements of the installation accuracy and peculiarities of the site chain mats can be mounted on all sides of the Schütteinrichtung so that they form a bulk corridor.

In FIG. 5 the device 34 is still next to the point with built-bulk material 52 from the three-dimensional bodies described above, while in FIG. 6 is arranged above the built bulk 52.

In the FIGS. 7 to 9 there is shown an apparatus for producing a self-sealing sealing material according to a particular embodiment of the present invention. Said device 56 comprises two concentric drums, namely an outer stationary drum 58 and an inner rotatable drum 60 with an upper drum end 62 and a lower drum end 64. The two drums 58 and 60 are thus not exactly horizontal, but have a slope from the upper end of the drum 62 to the lower end of the drum 64. The outer drum 58 has a closed drum wall 66 with a lower material outlet opening 68 near the upper drum end 62 and in its drum end wall 70 at the upper end of the drum 62, a material feed hopper 72 and in its drum end wall 74 at the lower end of the drum 64 a Überkornauslaßöffnung 76 on. The inner drum 60 has a first, closed drum wall portion 78 and, subsequent thereto, a second, screen-like drum wall portion 80. On the outside 82 of the inner drum 60 are material guide plates, only a few of which are denoted by the reference numerals 84, 86 and 88, with at least one Part of the Materialleitplatten to the material outlet opening 68 directed towards angle arranged. Furthermore, in the region of the second, sieve-like drum wall part 80 in the inner drum 60, an opposite to the inner drum 60 rotatable Materialraspeltrommel 90 is arranged concentrically to the latter and in the outer drum 58, a heater 92 integrated. In the area of the material outlet opening 68, the material guide plates 84 are arranged circumferentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drums 58 and 60, while the material guide plates 88 are arranged in the vicinity of the lower drum end 64 at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the drums 58 and 60. In addition, the Materialleitplatten 84 and 88 in the region of the Materialauslaßöffnung 68 and in the vicinity of the lower end of the drum 64 is substantially rectangular. On the other hand, the material guide plates 86 are substantially rectangular in the region between the region of the material outlet opening 68 and the vicinity of the lower drum end 64, but each have a recess 94 on opposite narrow sides.

By means of the device 56 described above, the spherical bodies 10 can be manufactured as follows. The processed material is fed to the inner rotating drum 60 via the material feeding hopper 72. First, it passes through the closed drum wall part 78, so that it can not be screened directly to the material outlet opening 68 undried. This takes place only in the rotating screen-like drum wall part 80. The super-granular material is comminuted by the material razor drum 90 to a sieve-capable material and screened. The material rasping drum 90 is mounted on a material rasp axis 96 and rotates counter to the rotating inner drum 60. Oversize material which is not crushed by the material rapping drum 90 is removed from the inner drum 60 via the over grain outlet port 76 and then re-sieved through the material feed hopper 72 fed.

The sieved material or granules is dried by means of the heating device 92. By means of the material guide plates 86, the granules are mixed on the one hand continuously and transported to the other material outlet 68. The heater 92 integrated in the outer drum 58 becomes the outer drum shell by thermal insulation 98 protected against heat loss. The moisture produced by the drying of the granules is discharged via the material feed hopper 72. Fresh air is supplied via the oversize discharge port 76.

The features of the invention disclosed in the present description, in the drawings and in the claims may be essential both individually and in any desired combinations for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

body

12

volume

14

source material

16

channel sole

18

Planum

22

sealing layer

26, 28

filter layers

30

Layer of water blocks

32

sheet pile

34

contraption

36

lifting device

38

bulk

40, 42

chain mats

44, 46

float

48, 50

holding rollers

52

built-in bulk material

54

water

56

contraption

58

outer, stationary drum

60

inner, rotatable drum

62

upper drum end

64

lower drum end

66

closed drum wall

68

material outlet

70

Drum front wall

72

Material hopper

74

Drum front wall

76

Überkornauslaßöffnung

78

closed drum wall part

80

sieve-like drum wall part

82

outside

84, 86, 88

Materialleitplatten

90

Materialraspeltrommel

92

Beheizeinrichtung

94

recess

96

Materialraspelachse

98

thermal insulation

Claims (21)

Self-sealing sealing material for sealing floor surfaces, especially under water (54), such as soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like, comprising a plurality of dried, at least substantially spherical bodies (10) made of a mixture of clayey earth mass and at least one in contact with water (54) swelling source material (14) exist. Sealing material according to claim 1, characterized in that it is granular. A sealing material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter or equivalent diameter of the plurality of bodies (10) is in the range of about 1 to 70 mm. Sealing material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one source material (14) is bentonite powder, bentonite beads or bentonite pellets. Method for producing a self-sealing sealing material for sealing floor surfaces, in particular under water (54), such as, for example, soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like,
characterized in that
clayey mass of material is homogenized with the addition of at least one on contact with water (54) swelling source material (14) and in a sieve and Drying drum unit is formed into a plurality of at least substantially spherical bodies (10) and the thus formed body (10) are dried. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the three-dimensional bodies (10) are dried directly or indirectly by means of heating coils, hot air or microwaves. Device for producing a self-sealing sealing material according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises two concentric drums (58; 60) with an upper drum end (62) and a lower drum end (64), the outer of the two drums being stationary a closed drum wall (66) having a lower material outlet opening (68) near the upper drum end (62) and in its drum end wall (70) at the upper drum end (62) a material feed hopper (72) and in its drum end wall (74) at the lower end of the drum (64) has a Überkornauslaßöffnung (76), further the inner of the two drums is rotatable about the common axis and on the side of the material hopper (72) a first, closed drum wall part (78) and then a second, sieve - like drum wall part (80), on the outside (82) of the drum wall of the rotatable drum material guide plates (84, 86, 88 ) are arranged with at least a portion of the Materialleitplatten (86) to the Materialauslaßöffnung (68) directed directed angle of attack, in the region of the second, sieve-like drum wall portion (80) in the rotatable drum opposite to a rotatable drum rotatable Materialraspeltrommel (90) arranged concentrically to the latter and in the stationary drum, a heating device (92) is integrated. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the Materialleitplatten are arranged in the region of the material outlet opening (68) circumferentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drums. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the Materialleitplatten (88) in the vicinity of the lower drum end (64) are arranged at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the drums. Apparatus according to claim 8 and / or 9, characterized in that the Materialleitplatten (84, 88) in the region of the material outlet opening (68) and / or in the vicinity of the lower drum end (64) are substantially rectangular or square. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the material guide plates (86) are substantially rectangular or square in the area between the area of the material outlet opening (68) and the vicinity of the lower drum end (64), but on at least one side a recess (94) is provided. Method for sealing floor surfaces, in particular under water (54), such as, for example, soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is first prepared for homogenization and then applied to the floor surface,
characterized in that
at least one swelling material (14) swelling upon contact with water (54) is homogenised on the clay soil mass, the resulting material is formed in a screening and drying drum unit into a plurality of at least substantially spherical bodies (10), and the bodies thus formed (10) dried,
the shaped bodies (10) are applied to the bottom surface and at least one protective layer is applied to the applied bodies (10). A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one source material (14) is bentonite powder, bentonite beads or bentonite pellets. A method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the or at least one protective layer is a filter layer (26, 28) or a layer (30) of water bricks. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the bottom surface is a channel bottom (16) and prior to applying the shaped bodies (10) to the channel bottom (16) the sheet (18) is made. Method for sealing floor surfaces, in particular under water (54), such as, for example, soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like, in which a clayey mass of material is prepared for homogenization,
characterized in that
three-dimensional body of the recycled mass of material with at least one in contact with water (54) swelling source material (14), which is in the form of three-dimensional bodies, mixed and then applied to the bottom surface and at least one protective layer are applied. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that the or at least one protective layer is a filter layer (26, 28) or a layer (30) of water bricks. Device (34) for applying bulk material (38), in particular self-sealing sealing material according to one of claims 1 to 6, to a bottom surface under water (54), such as soles (16) and slopes of channels or the like, comprising a pouring device (36 )
characterized in that
a Schüttgutleiteinrichtung is provided which comprises at least one roll-up or collapsible curtain of water-permeable, flexible material to form a bulk corridor below the Schütteinrichtung (36). Device (34) according to claim 18, characterized in that the at least one curtain can be rolled up onto a holding roller (48 or 50). Apparatus (34) according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that two spaced, parallel spreadable curtains are provided. Device (34) according to one of Claims 18 to 19, characterized in that the at least one curtain consists of chains or of a chain mat (40 or 42).

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