EP1934417B1 - Kit for the construction of a covering surface - Google Patents
Kit for the construction of a covering surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1934417B1 EP1934417B1 EP06793941A EP06793941A EP1934417B1 EP 1934417 B1 EP1934417 B1 EP 1934417B1 EP 06793941 A EP06793941 A EP 06793941A EP 06793941 A EP06793941 A EP 06793941A EP 1934417 B1 EP1934417 B1 EP 1934417B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- panels
- support
- coupling
- ceramic
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02194—Flooring consisting of a number of elements carried by a non-rollable common support plate or grid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
- E04F15/082—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass in combination with a lower layer of other material
- E04F15/087—The lower layer being of organic plastic with or without reinforcements or filling materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to surface covering panels for covering floors, walls or ceilings. It relates more specifically to such panels comprising a ceramic facing.
- the mortar thus has the dual function of keeping the tile in position relative to its neighbors and strengthening the ceramic so as to make it more resistant to impact and bending.
- the effectiveness of such glue-cements has become such that in recent years the thickness of ceramic tiles has decreased while their surface area has increased.
- the WO 2004/097141 proposes for example a floor covering panel comprising a wooden support layer of generally rectangular shape, on the front side of which are fixed by gluing, two ceramic tiles.
- the edges of the wooden support are machined to obtain profiles allowing their re-fitting according to the well-known principles of so-called "floating laying" parquet.
- the floor covering panels may further comprise a gasket as described in the documents W02003 / 040491 and W02005 / 052279 for tenon-mortise junctions but also for a junction of the clip-on type as described in W02005 / 003574 .
- Floor covering panels comprising a support layer may also be joined by separate means as described in the documents EP1020589 and DE20107338 .
- the present invention results from the observation of the disadvantages of the solutions of the prior art in the field of floor covering panels, especially those with ceramic facing, and aims to provide an advantageous alternative particularly designed for this type of products.
- a kit for constructing a surface coating comprising two panels with an outer (or decorative) layer on a support layer.
- the support layer has a front face facing the outer layer and an opposite rear face, and has coupling means.
- the support layer is manufactured by polymer injection molding.
- the kit according to the invention is particularly well suited, but not limited, to the construction of surface coatings of the type comprising a decorative outer layer (or committee) of hard material such as ceramic, rock or stone, especially under the tile shape (x). Such panels thus allow a floating installation of tiles.
- the use of polymer for the support layer makes it possible to take advantage of the range of mechanical properties of the polymers for reinforcing the ceramic outer layer, and thus to improve the flexural strength and impact resistance of ceramic tile.
- the injection molding advantageously makes it possible to provide a rear face of the support layer with a reinforcing structure intended to increase the resistance to bending and impact.
- a reinforcing structure comprises for example reinforcing ribs and / or recessed areas.
- the rear face of the support layer is molded so as to have a network of ribs forming a wall structure.
- the kit according to the invention was initially developed for the construction of coatings with decorative layer consisting of tile (x) ceramic or stone, various types of materials can nevertheless be envisaged for the top layer: wood, polymers, glass, enamel , melamine decorations or even metal sheets.
- the outer layer itself may consist of several superimposed and / or adjacent layers. It will thus be possible to produce floor coverings, walls or ceilings with various aspects.
- the outer layer is preferably securely bonded to the support layer.
- the assembly between the outer layer and the support layer is during the injection molding of the latter.
- the outer layer e.g. one (or more) ceramic tile, in the bottom of the injection mold before the introduction of the polymer.
- the support layer is then molded in direct contact with the rear face of the outer layer.
- a thermoplastic or hot-melt adhesive film at the decor / support interface eg placed on the back side of the decorative outer layer in the injection mold
- the injected material is advantageously formulated to be made compatible with the ceramic and cause a slight shrinkage.
- the tensions generated by this low shrinkage will be cashed by the ceramic (working essentially in compression therefore easily bearable) which will allow the respect of the dimensions of the reinforcement piece.
- Polypropylene is particularly preferred for the support layer.
- the coupling means may be designed to allow a tongue and groove type interlocking.
- the grooves and tongues may comprise a mechanical locking system in the transverse direction, and / or be designed for angular interlocking (with or without "click").
- the coupling means are designed to cooperate with separate coupling elements.
- the kit according to the present invention proposes a surface coating panel, particularly of ground, comprising an outer layer on a support layer, the support layer having a front face facing said outer layer and an opposite rear face, and having Coupling adapted to cooperate with the coupling means of a coupling advantage
- the support layer is injection molded polymer.
- the injection molding technique makes it possible to manufacture the support layer simply and quickly, including with complex shapes of the panel and coupling means.
- the outer layer is placed in the mold for to be joined to the support layer during the molding thereof, there is obtained in a single manufacturing step a ready-to-use panel, thus comprising a decorative outer layer, a support layer with its coupling means, and preferably a reinforcement structure.
- the outer layer comprises one or more tiles (x) of hard material, such as for example ceramic, rock or stone. Rectangular tiles are in practice the easiest to use for reasons of symmetry, one can nevertheless consider a variety of forms.
- a plastic support is particularly advantageous in this application with an outer layer of ceramic tiles or other hard materials, because the use of a plastic support layer to which is solidly bonded (or) the tile (x) can strengthen the ceramic to achieve sufficient values of flexural strength and impact resistance compatible with domestic use.
- Increased reinforcement can be advantageously obtained by playing on the design of the rear face of the support layer, and in particular by providing a reinforcement structure with ribs and recesses.
- the present invention provides the use of resilient seals designed to fill the gap separating two adjacent panels.
- these elastic seals may comprise recessed portions for the coupling means connecting the adjacent panels.
- the panel according to the invention comprises at least one peripheral seal (in a softer polymer, eg in flexible PVC) which is injected in contact with the support layer, using for example the bi-injection technique.
- a separate coupling means in the form of a plastics profile comprises at least two coupling portions to be able to join two panels of this type.
- the coupling means then comprise corresponding recesses intended to cooperate with the shaped coupling portions.
- These housings are located in the rear face of the support layer.
- each separate coupling element is advantageously provided with first locking means which cooperate with second locking means in the walls of the corresponding recesses in the support layer.
- first locking means which cooperate with second locking means in the walls of the corresponding recesses in the support layer.
- the construction kit comprises panels as defined above, separate coupling elements adapted to cooperate with the coupling means of at least two of these panels to couple them in an assembly plane.
- the present invention relates to a surface coating kit comprising at least two panels comprising a decorative outer layer associated with an injection molded support.
- a floor covering panel 10 comprising a lower layer said support layer 12 and an upper or outer layer 14, comprising a front face 16 facing the outer layer 14 and an opposite rear face 18.
- the outer layer which is the decorative layer of the panel, is a ceramic tile (or other hard material type stone or rock).
- the support layer 12 which comprises coupling means (not shown in FIG. Fig.1 ) to join the panel 10 to other panels of the same type, is obtained by injection molding polymer. Injection molding makes it possible to directly obtain a support 12 of the desired dimensions and with coupling means subsequent operations of cutting the support and machining of the coupling means are no longer necessary. In addition, the molding allows a wide variety of forms of the support (and therefore the panel) and the coupling means.
- the rear face 18 of the support 12 advantageously has a reinforcing structure which is intended to strengthen the ceramic to achieve shock resistance to shocks compatible with domestic use. Such a reinforcing structure typically comprises ribs 20 and recessed areas 22, and allows for example the realization of a wall structure as illustrated in FIG. Fig.2 .
- Modes b) and c) will be preferred since they avoid the additional step of bonding mode a), and thus make it possible to obtain the finished product directly.
- Modes b) and c) are easy to implement. It suffices simply to arrange in the mold of the support 12 a space for the (or) tile (x) ceramic 14.
- the coupling between the panel 10 and the adjacent panels 10 'and 10 is made by means of coupling elements in the form of a coupling profile 24 as illustrated in FIG. Fig.3 .
- the ends of the profile form the coupling portions 26 and 28 which are adapted to cooperate with housings 30 (of corresponding shape) provided in the rear face 18 of the support layer 12.
- the housings 30 for the coupling portions are defined by the ribs 20 (walls ) of the reinforcement structure.
- the Fig.4 shows a view from below of the assembly of the panel 10 with two adjacent panels 10 'and 10 "The panel 10 is connected to each adjacent panel by a pair of profiles 24 whose coupling portions 26 and 28 follow the inner contour The profiles 24 also determine the inter-panel spacing 10, 10 ', or 10, 10 "respectively.
- locking means are provided with pins and notches to block the profiles 24 in the housings 30.
- the inner walls of the walls defining the housing 30 are provided with lugs 32.
- the lugs 32 on the walls engage in corresponding notches 34 of the profiles ( see Fig.6 ). These lugs are distributed in such a way that their engagement in the notches is made in force thanks to the flexibility of the walls.
- the coupling section 24 may also be made by polymer injection molding. A more elastic polymer than that constituting the support layer will preferably be used.
- a peripheral seal 36 extending over the languor of the song. It is advantageously produced by the bi-injection technique, after the injection of the support 12 and in direct contact with it.
- the seal 36 is made of flexible polymer, e.g. soft PVC.
- the seal 36 is sized to fill the inter-panel gaps 10, 10 ', resp. 10, 10 "although only one seal 36 is shown on the Fig.1 we can predict it along each song.
- the thickness of the seal 36 may correspond to the total distance between the panels. Alternatively, if the four edges are provided with joints, we can size them so that their thickness is slightly greater than the half of the gap inter-chants. Thus, the joints of each of the panels contribute to fill the interstices.
- the joints can be made separately, and put in place in the interstices after assembly of the panels.
- a separate seal 38 is shown on the Fig.7 ; its thickness is such that it fills the interpanneaux gap.
- Such an embodiment is not covered by the invention.
- the present invention relates to a construction kit comprising panels 10 as described above and profiles 24. Starting from this construction kit, it will be left to the user to fit the profiles 24 in the housings provided for in FIG. this effect in the support 12 to achieve a surface coating whose appearance correspond to that of a traditional laying of tiles.
- Any panel can be removed and / or replaced by inserting a screw-type tool between the seal and the adjacent panel and then exerting a lever effect to separate the profile of its housing under the support.
- a panel comprising a 20x20 cm porcelain stoneware ceramic tile was made on a polypropylene support piece having a back face with a recess structure as illustrated in FIG. Fig.2 .
- the support piece was formed directly by mixing with the ceramic placed in the mold.
- the ceramic had a Young's modulus of 3.7x10 5 MPa and a fish coefficient of 0.22.
- Polypropylene was standard with a Young's modulus of 30 MPa and a fish coefficient of 0.4.
- a calibrated ceramic tile between 3 mm and 6 mm thick is deposited at the bottom of the mold of a bi-injection press, with the decoration face of the ceramic against the bottom of the mold.
- a first injection of polypropylene at 210 ° C containing 5% by weight of fiberglass is made directly on the ceramic (against the back, non-decorative, thereof) using a rotating mold.
- the first imprint of this mold corresponds to the support layer.
- a second injection takes place using a second imprint corresponds to the seal.
- This seal is positioned for example square against the support and is based on flexible PVC. The fact that this injection takes place while the support layer is still hot guarantees good adhesion between the polymers.
- the shrinkage of the polypropylene filled with fiberglass is sufficiently low not to cause major reformation of the support (the ceramic playing as a stabilizing element.)
- the support Once cooled the support will be able to play its full role by improving the impact resistance and to the flow of the ceramic while the ceramic plays the role of stabilizer support, thus ensuring its dimensions (in relation to the dimensions of the coupling profiles) during its cooling.
- it will preferably choose for the support a polymer whose shrinkage is not excessive ( ⁇ 0.5%), in order to limit the shear stresses which could dissolve the ceramic from the support layer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne généralement les panneaux de revêtement de surface pour recouvrir des sols, murs ou plafonds. Elle concerne plus spécifiquement de tels panneaux comprenant un parement céramique.The present invention generally relates to surface covering panels for covering floors, walls or ceilings. It relates more specifically to such panels comprising a ceramic facing.
La pose de carrelage en céramique et plus généralement de tous produits en matériaux durs tels le marbre ou les pierres reconstituées à base de résine ou de ciment de Portland, est aujourd'hui de façon quasi-universelle réalisée par collage directement sur le support (dalle en béton ou murs) par l'emploi d'une colle adaptée. Ces colles sont en général du type ciment-colle: mélange de ciment de Portland, charge et latex. Ces latex, entrant en général à hauteur de 10% dans le mélange, sont la plupart du temps du type styrène-butadiène et permettent d'améliorer considérablement les propriétés d'adhésion du béton portland à la fois sur la dalle et sur le carreau lui-méme. Lorsque la chape est en bois (ou produit dérivé) ou encore dans le cas ou la pose doit être effectuée sur un ancien parquet, une grille à base de fibres de verre ou de plastique composite est ajoutée pour renforcer les performances du ciment colle qui contribuera à stabiliser la chape et à maintenir la pose en place.The installation of ceramic tiles and, more generally, of all products in hard materials such as marble or reconstituted stones made from resin or Portland cement, is today almost universally achieved by gluing directly onto the support (slab concrete or walls) by the use of a suitable glue. These glues are generally of the cement-glue type: Portland cement mixture, filler and latex. These latices, generally entering at a level of 10% in the mixture, are mostly of the styrene-butadiene type and make it possible to considerably improve the adhesion properties of Portland concrete both on the slab and on the tile itself. -even. When the screed is made of wood (or derived product) or if the laying is to be done on an old floor, a grid based on fiberglass or plastic composite is added to enhance the performance of cement glue that will contribute to stabilize the screed and maintain the installation in place.
Le ciment-colle a ainsi la double fonction de maintenir le carreau en position par rapport a ses voisins et de renforcer la céramique de façon à la rendre plus résistante au choc et à la flexion. A cet égard, l'efficacité de tels ciments- colles est devenue telle qu'on à vu ces dernières années l'épaisseur des carreaux de céramique diminuer tandis que leur surface croissait.The mortar thus has the dual function of keeping the tile in position relative to its neighbors and strengthening the ceramic so as to make it more resistant to impact and bending. In this respect, the effectiveness of such glue-cements has become such that in recent years the thickness of ceramic tiles has decreased while their surface area has increased.
Ce type de pose est donc bien acceptée car pérenne et sécurisante.This type of pose is well accepted as durable and reassuring.
Par contre elle reste associée à quelques inconvénients notables :
- La pose en elle-même est délicate et fastidieuse. Elle nécessité souvent un ragréage préalable. La pose des joints in fine demande une grande minutie si l'on veut un résultat parfait. Si bien que beaucoup de particuliers préfèrent confier la pose à des professionnels, ce qui fait plus que doubler le montrant de l'investissement.
- La pose est installés « à vie ». Poser un nouveau sol carrelé, au-dessus du précèdent est toujours possible mais modifie les niveaux des seuils. Ce type d'opération ne peut être renouvelé indéfiniment.
- Le remplacement d'un carreau en cas de bris, par exemple consécutif à une fissuration de la dalle, est possible mais fastidieux, et n'est quasi- jamais réalisé en pratique.
- La pose de carreaux sur chape de bois ou panneaux de particules (MDF, fibrociment) est une opération extrêmement technique qui est très peu retenue par le particulier, d'autant plus qu'elle a pour conséquence d'alourdir considérablement la structure du bâtiment ce qui peut être préjudiciable à un bâtiment en ossature bois (ce type d'habitat est très répandu en Amérique du nord et dans les pays nordiques et aura tendance à se développer en Europe de l'ouest du fait des initiatives gouvernementales en relation avec le protocole de Kyoto. En effet, le bois que l'on retrouve dans l'habitat sert de piège à carbone ce qui contribue à la rédaction de l'effet de serre. En Europe les forêts étant bien gérées, le bilan environnementale est donc globalement positif).
- The pose itself is delicate and tedious. It often requires prior patching. The installation of the joints in fine requires a great thoroughness if one wants a perfect result. So many individuals prefer to entrust the installation to professionals, which more than doubles the showing of the investment.
- The installation is installed "for life". Laying a new tiled floor, above the previous one is still possible but modifies the threshold levels. This type of operation can not be renewed indefinitely.
- The replacement of a tile in case of breakage, for example following a cracking of the slab, is possible but tedious, and is almost never done in practice.
- The laying of tiles on wooden screed or particle board (MDF, fibrocement) is an extremely technical operation that is very little retained by the individual, especially as it has the effect of significantly increase the structure of the building. which may be detrimental to a wood-frame building (this type of habitat is widespread in North America and the Nordic countries and will tend to develop in Western Europe as a result of government initiatives related to the protocol In fact, the wood found in the habitat serves as a carbon trap which contributes to the drafting of the greenhouse effect In Europe, forests being well managed, the environmental balance is therefore generally positive. ).
Toutes ces considérations font que la pose de carreaux de céramique ou matériaux similaires est perçue par le consommateur comme quelque chose qui doit être définitif et qui correspond à un investissement important (surtout si la pose est confiée à un professionnel), ce qui l'incite à se tourner vers des produits perçus comme de qualité (donc encoure plus chers) et d'aspect assez neutre (si l'immeuble doit être vendu, le nouvel acquéreur ne devra pas être freiné par l'aspect des revêtements.)All these considerations mean that the installation of ceramic tiles or similar materials is perceived by the consumer as something that must be final and that corresponds to a significant investment (especially if the installation is entrusted to a professional), which encourages him to turn towards products perceived as quality (thus incurred more expensive) and of rather neutral aspect (if the building must be sold, the new purchaser will not have to be braked by the aspect of the coatings.)
Ceci a pour corollaire de limiter l'offre du point de vue esthétique essentiellement en ce qui concerne les céramiques : la grande majorité des produits céramique ont un aspect/apparence neutre ou imitant la pierre (plus décemment on trouve des imitations bais), c'est-à-dire ont des aspects considérés indémodables, alors que des techniques sophistiquées d'impression à bases d'émaux existent et permettraient des décors très riches et plus « tendance ».This has the corollary of limiting the offer from the aesthetic point of view essentially with regard to ceramics: the vast majority of ceramic products have a neutral appearance / appearance or imitation stone (more decently There are timeless imitations, that is to say, have aspects considered timeless, while sophisticated techniques based on enamels exist and would allow very rich and more "trendy" decorations.
Sensibles à ces problèmes, des industriels ont tenté d'apporter une réponse en associant aux céramique des couches support en HDF, MDF ou autres agglomérés à base de fibres de bois.Sensitive to these problems, industrialists have tried to provide an answer by associating ceramic support layers in HDF, MDF or other agglomerates based on wood fibers.
Le
Par ailleurs, les documents
Par ailleurs, les panneaux de revêtement de sol peuvent comprendre en outre un joint comme décrit dans les documents
Les panneaux de revêtement de sol comprenant une couche support peuvent également être joints à l'aide de moyens séparés comme cela est décrit dans les documents
Des éléments séparés peuvent également être utilisés pour stabiliser des liaisons du type tenon-mortaise comme décrit dans
Ce type de panneau n'élimine pas totalement les inconvénients énumérés ci-dessus et crée même de nouveaux problèmes. En effet, de tels panneaux ne fournissent pas entière satisfaction car le joint doit être réalisé de manière conventionnelle. De ce fait, la pose n'est pas réellement amovible. Les panneaux à base de fibres de bois, même traités, restent sensibles à l'humidité ce qui à terme engendrera des variations de niveaux et des ouvertures de joints. De plus, il n'est toujours pas possible de remplacer aisément un carreau endommage.This type of panel does not totally eliminate the disadvantages listed above and even creates new problems. Indeed, such panels do not do not provide complete satisfaction because the seal must be realized in a conventional manner. As a result, the installation is not really removable. Wood-fiber panels, even when treated, remain sensitive to moisture, which in the long run will cause level variations and joint openings. In addition, it is still not possible to easily replace a damaged tile.
La présente invention résulte de l'observation des désavantages des solutions de l'état de la technique dans le domaine des panneaux de revêtement de sols, notamment ceux à parement céramique, et vise à proposer une alternative avantageuse particulièrement conçue pour ce type de produits.The present invention results from the observation of the disadvantages of the solutions of the prior art in the field of floor covering panels, especially those with ceramic facing, and aims to provide an advantageous alternative particularly designed for this type of products.
La solution selon l'invention est définie dans la revendication 1. Des modes de réalisation avantageux sont définis dans les revendications dépendantes.The solution according to the invention is defined in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
Selon un premier aspect de la présente invention, on propose un kit de construction d'un revêtement de surface comprenant deux panneaux avec une couche extérieure (ou décorative) sur une couche support. La couche support a une face avant tournée vers la couche extérieure et une face arrière opposée, et présente des moyens d'accouplement. Selon un aspect important de l'invention, la couche support est fabriquée par moulage par injection de polymère.According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kit for constructing a surface coating comprising two panels with an outer (or decorative) layer on a support layer. The support layer has a front face facing the outer layer and an opposite rear face, and has coupling means. According to an important aspect of the invention, the support layer is manufactured by polymer injection molding.
On appréciera que le choix de la technique de moulage par injection de polymère pour la réalisation de la couche support présente de nombreux avantages. Cela permet de réaliser un support aux dimensions choisies et de former simultanément les moyens d'accouplement. On obtient ainsi un support « fini » de marnière beaucoup plus simple, rapide, et économique, qu'avec des couches support en MDF ou HDF qui nécessitent, outre la fabrication initiale des planches, une découpe à dimension et un usinage des champs. Par ailleurs, le moulage par injection permet une grande flexibilité dans le choix des formes, qu'il s'agisse de la forme générale du panneau lui même, ou de la forme des moyens d'accouplement.It will be appreciated that the choice of the polymer injection molding technique for producing the support layer has many advantages. This makes it possible to produce a support with the chosen dimensions and to simultaneously form the coupling means. Thus, a "finished" marl support much simpler, faster, and more economical, than with MDF or HDF support layers that require, in addition to the initial manufacture of the boards, a cut to dimension and a machining of the fields. In addition, injection molding allows great flexibility in the choice of shapes, whether the general shape of the panel itself, or the shape of the coupling means.
Le kit selon l'invention est particulièrement bien adapté, mais pas limité, à la construction de revêtements de surface du type comprenant une couche extérieure décorative (ou parlement) en matériau dur tel que la céramique, la roche ou la pierre, notamment sous la forme de carreau(x). De tels panneaux permettent donc une pose flottante de carreaux de carrelage.The kit according to the invention is particularly well suited, but not limited, to the construction of surface coatings of the type comprising a decorative outer layer (or parliament) of hard material such as ceramic, rock or stone, especially under the tile shape (x). Such panels thus allow a floating installation of tiles.
Dans le contexte plus particulier d'application au carrelage flottant, l'emploi de polymère pour la couche support permet de tirer avantage de l'éventail des propriétés mécaniques des polymères pour le renforcement de la couche extérieure en céramique, et d'améliorer ainsi la résistance à la flexion et la résistance au choc du carreau en céramique. En outre, on appréciera que le moulage par injection permet avantageusement de réaliser une face arrière de la couche support avec une structure de renfort destinée à accroître la résistance à la flexion et aux chocs. Une telle structure de renfort comprend par exemple des nervures de renforcement et/ou des zones évidées. De préférence, la face arrière de la couche support est moulée de sorte à présenter un réseau de nervures formant une structure en murets.In the more specific context of application to floating tiles, the use of polymer for the support layer makes it possible to take advantage of the range of mechanical properties of the polymers for reinforcing the ceramic outer layer, and thus to improve the flexural strength and impact resistance of ceramic tile. In addition, it will be appreciated that the injection molding advantageously makes it possible to provide a rear face of the support layer with a reinforcing structure intended to increase the resistance to bending and impact. Such a reinforcing structure comprises for example reinforcing ribs and / or recessed areas. Preferably, the rear face of the support layer is molded so as to have a network of ribs forming a wall structure.
On notera que les zones évidées entres les nervures et murets conduisent à un allégement du support, et donc globalement du poids du panneau, ce qui est également appréciable pour l'utilisateur lors de la pose. On peut ainsi atteindre une réduction de moitié de la densité par rapport à une couche support en HDF.It should be noted that the recessed areas between the ribs and walls lead to a lightening of the support, and therefore overall weight of the panel, which is also appreciable for the user during installation. It is thus possible to achieve a halving of the density with respect to a support layer made of HDF.
Si le kit selon l'invention a été initialement développé pour la construction de revêtements avec couche décorative constituée de carreau(x) de céramique ou pierre, divers types de matériaux peuvent néanmoins être envisagés pour la couche supérieure: bois, polymères, verre, émail, décors mélaminés ou même des feuilles de métal. De plus, la couche extérieure elle-même peut être constituée de plusieurs couches superposées et/ou adjacentes. On pourra ainsi réaliser des revêtements de sols, murs ou plafonds aux aspects variés. La couche extérieure est de préférence solidement liée à la couche support.If the kit according to the invention was initially developed for the construction of coatings with decorative layer consisting of tile (x) ceramic or stone, various types of materials can nevertheless be envisaged for the top layer: wood, polymers, glass, enamel , melamine decorations or even metal sheets. In addition, the outer layer itself may consist of several superimposed and / or adjacent layers. It will thus be possible to produce floor coverings, walls or ceilings with various aspects. The outer layer is preferably securely bonded to the support layer.
Une fois la couche support obtenue par moulage par injection, on met la couche extérieure en place sur cette dernière, de préférence au moyen d'un adhésif (film ou colle). Dans le cas où la couche extérieure est constituée par exemple d'un seul carreau de céramique, il suffit d'appliquer l'adhésif (sur la face avant du support et/ou la face arrière du carreau), puis de les mettre en contact. Si la couche extérieure se compose de plusieurs carreaux, on petit:
- soit former la couche extérieure sur la face avant du support en posant (et collant) les carreaux les uns après les autres;
- soit réaliser une couche extérieure pré-assemblée en posant (et collant) les carreaux sur un support auxiliaire, puis coller la couche extérieure pré-assemblée sur la face avant du support.
- either form the outer layer on the front face of the support by laying (and gluing) the tiles one after the other;
- either make a pre-assembled outer layer by putting (and gluing) the tiles on an auxiliary support, then stick the pre-assembled outer layer on the front face of the support.
L'assemblage entre la couche extérieure et la couche support se fait pendant le moulage par injection de cette dernière. On pourra placer la couche extérieure, par ex. un (ou plusieurs) carreau de céramique, dans le fond du moule d'injection avant l'introduction du polymére. La couche support est alors moulée en contact direct avec la face arrière de la couche extérieure. Suivant la sature de la couche extérieure et le type de polymère employé pour le support, on peut ainsi obtenir directement l'adhésion entre la face avant du support et la couche extérieure. L'emploi d'un film adhésif thermoplastique ou de type hot melt à l'interface décor/support (par ex. placé sur la face arrière de la couche extérieure décorative dans le moule d'injection) permet un contrôle plus précis de la liaison entre la couche extérieure et la couche support. Lorsque l'assemblage entre la couche extérieure et la couche support est réalisé ainsi, il faut bien entendu que le matériau de la couche extérieure supporte les températures pendant le cycle d'injection, ce qui est naturellement le cas pour les céramiques. Cette variante permet d'obtenir en une seule étape le produit fini, prêt à l'emploi.The assembly between the outer layer and the support layer is during the injection molding of the latter. The outer layer, e.g. one (or more) ceramic tile, in the bottom of the injection mold before the introduction of the polymer. The support layer is then molded in direct contact with the rear face of the outer layer. Depending on the saturation of the outer layer and the type of polymer used for the support, it is thus possible to directly obtain the adhesion between the front face of the support and the outer layer. The use of a thermoplastic or hot-melt adhesive film at the decor / support interface (eg placed on the back side of the decorative outer layer in the injection mold) allows a more precise control of the connection between the outer layer and the support layer. When the assembly between the outer layer and the support layer is carried out in this way, it is of course necessary for the material of the outer layer to withstand the temperatures during the injection cycle, which is naturally the case for ceramics. This variant makes it possible to obtain in a single step the finished product, ready for use.
Nombre de polymères sont compatibles avec la technique de moulage par injection, qu'ils soient chargés ou non. Pour les applications à la réalisation de panneaux avec couche extérieure en céramique, on pourra choisir des polymères conférant une benne absorption des chocs. Suivant l'utilisation envisagée pour le panneau, il peut être intéressant d'employer des polymères peu sensibles à l'humidité.Many polymers are compatible with the injection molding technique, whether loaded or not. For applications in the production of panels with an outer ceramic layer, it will be possible to choose polymers conferring a shock absorbing body. Depending on the use envisaged for the panel, it may be advantageous to use polymers that are not very sensitive to humidity.
Lorsque le polymère est injecté en contact avec la céramique, la matière injectée est avantageusement formulée pour être rendue compatible avec la céramique et occasionner un faible retrait. Les tensions générées par ce faible retrait seront encaissées par la céramique (travail essentiellement en compression donc aisément supportable) ce qui permettra le respect des cotes de la pièce de renfort. Le polypropylène est particulièrement préféré pour la couche support.When the polymer is injected in contact with the ceramic, the injected material is advantageously formulated to be made compatible with the ceramic and cause a slight shrinkage. The tensions generated by this low shrinkage will be cashed by the ceramic (working essentially in compression therefore easily bearable) which will allow the respect of the dimensions of the reinforcement piece. Polypropylene is particularly preferred for the support layer.
Comme mentionné plus haut, le moulage par injection permet une grande flexibilité dans le choix des formes, et ce notamment en ce qui concerne les moyens d'accouplement. Dans le domaine des parquets et planchers dits « à pose flottante », nombre de systèmes d'accouplement entre panneaux adjacents on été proposés, et peuvent naturellement être transposés au panneau selon l'invention. En particulier, les moyens d'accouplement peuvent être conçus de sorte à permettre un emboîtement du type à rainure et languette. Dans ce cas, comme on le sait, les rainures et languettes peuvent comprendre un système de verrouillage mécanique dans le sens transversal, et/ou être conçus pour un emboîtement angulaire (avec ou sans «clic »).As mentioned above, injection molding allows a great flexibility in the choice of shapes, and in particular with regard to the means coupling. In the field of floors and so-called "floating floors", many coupling systems between adjacent panels have been proposed, and can naturally be transposed to the panel according to the invention. In particular, the coupling means may be designed to allow a tongue and groove type interlocking. In this case, as we know, the grooves and tongues may comprise a mechanical locking system in the transverse direction, and / or be designed for angular interlocking (with or without "click").
Toutefois, selon l'invention, les moyens d'accouplement sont conçus pour coopérer avec des éléments d'accouplement séparés.However, according to the invention, the coupling means are designed to cooperate with separate coupling elements.
Le kit selon la présente invention propose un panneau de revêtement de surface, notamment de sol, comprenant une couche extérieure sur une couche support, la couche support ayant une face avant tournée vers ladite couche extérieure et une face arrière opposée, et présentant des moyens d'accouplement aptes à coopérer avec les moyens d'accouplement d'un profite d'accouplement Conformément à invention, la couche support est en polymère moulé par injection.The kit according to the present invention proposes a surface coating panel, particularly of ground, comprising an outer layer on a support layer, the support layer having a front face facing said outer layer and an opposite rear face, and having Coupling adapted to cooperate with the coupling means of a coupling advantage According to the invention, the support layer is injection molded polymer.
Comme expliqué ci-dessus, la technique de moulage par injection permet de fabriquer simplement et rapidement la couche support, y compris avec des formes complexes du panneau et des moyens d'accouplement, En outre, lorsque la couche extérieure est placée dans le moule pour être jointe à la couche support durant le moulage de celle-ci, on obtient en une seule étape de fabrication un panneau prêt à l'emploi, comprenant donc une couche extérieure décorative, une couche support avec ses moyens d'accouplement, et préférablement une structure de renforcement.As explained above, the injection molding technique makes it possible to manufacture the support layer simply and quickly, including with complex shapes of the panel and coupling means. In addition, when the outer layer is placed in the mold for to be joined to the support layer during the molding thereof, there is obtained in a single manufacturing step a ready-to-use panel, thus comprising a decorative outer layer, a support layer with its coupling means, and preferably a reinforcement structure.
Dans une variante particulièrement préférée de l'invention, la couche extérieure comprend un ou plusieurs carreau(x) en matériau dur, tel que par exemple céramique, roche ou pierre. Les carreaux de forme rectangulaire sont en pratique les plus faciles à employer pour des raisons de symétrie, on peut néanmoins envisager une variété de formes.In a particularly preferred variant of the invention, the outer layer comprises one or more tiles (x) of hard material, such as for example ceramic, rock or stone. Rectangular tiles are in practice the easiest to use for reasons of symmetry, one can nevertheless consider a variety of forms.
L'utilisation d'un support plastique se révèle particulièrement avantageux dans cette application avec une couche extérieure en carreaux de céramique ou autres matériaux durs, car l'emploi d'une couche support en plastique à laquelle est solidement lié le (ou les) carreau(x) permet de renforcer la céramique pour atteindre des valeurs suffisantes de résistance à la flexion et de résistance au choc compatibles avec un usage domestique. Un renforcement accru peut être avantageusement obtenu en jouant sur le dessin de la face arrière de la couche support, et notamment en réalisant une structure de renforcement à nervures et évidements.The use of a plastic support is particularly advantageous in this application with an outer layer of ceramic tiles or other hard materials, because the use of a plastic support layer to which is solidly bonded (or) the tile (x) can strengthen the ceramic to achieve sufficient values of flexural strength and impact resistance compatible with domestic use. Increased reinforcement can be advantageously obtained by playing on the design of the rear face of the support layer, and in particular by providing a reinforcement structure with ribs and recesses.
Un tel panneau avec couche extérieure en céramique permet donc de réaliser des surfaces carrelées en pose flottante, et constitue une alternative très intéressante pour la réalisation de surfaces carrelées:
- la pose est facile pour un particulier et ne requiert plus l'emploi de ciment colle ni le recours à un professionnel;
- des panneaux endommagés peuvent être retirés individuellement puis remplacés aisément (puisqu'ils ne sont pas collés au sol);
- en cas de déménagement, d'usure, ou simplement si l'on souhaite changer de revêtement, le revêtement peut être entièrement démonté et le nouveau revêtement posé, sans changement de niveau;
- la pose peut être réalisée par dessus une chape en bois (ou dérivé) ainsi que sur d'anciens revêtement difficiles à retirer tels parquets ou textile collés, ou même directement sur du béton.
- the installation is easy for an individual and no longer requires the use of cement glue or the use of a professional;
- damaged panels can be removed individually and replaced easily (since they are not glued to the floor);
- in case of moving, wear, or simply if you want to change the coating, the coating can be completely disassembled and the new coating laid, without level change;
- the installation can be carried out over a wooden screed (or derivative) as well as on old hard-to-remove flooring such as parquet or textile glued, or even directly on concrete.
Un aspect important dans la réalisation d'un carrelage est la présence de joints entre carreaux adjacents pour assurer l'étanchéité de la surface. Afin de garder un esprit conforme à la pose flottante, la présente invention propose l'emploi de joints élastiques conçus pour combler l'interstice séparant deux panneaux adjacents. Le cas échéant, ces joints élastiques peuvent comprendre des portions évidées pour les moyens d'accouplement reliant les panneaux adjacents.An important aspect in making a tile is the presence of joints between adjacent tiles to seal the surface. In order to maintain a spirit consistent with the floating pose, the present invention provides the use of resilient seals designed to fill the gap separating two adjacent panels. Where appropriate, these elastic seals may comprise recessed portions for the coupling means connecting the adjacent panels.
Les joints peuvent être des éléments séparés. Toutefois, le panneau selon l'invention comprend au moins une joint périphérique (dans un polymère plus souple, par ex. en pvc souple) qui est injecté en contact avec la couche support, en utilisant par exemple la technique de bi-injection.The seals can be separate elements. However, the panel according to the invention comprises at least one peripheral seal (in a softer polymer, eg in flexible PVC) which is injected in contact with the support layer, using for example the bi-injection technique.
Comme indiqué ci-dessus, un moyen d'accouplement séparé sous la forme d'un profilés en matière plastique comprend au moins deux portions d'accouplement pour pouvoir joindre deux panneaux de ce type. Les moyens d'accouplement comprennent alors des logement correspondants destinés à coopérer avec les portions d'accouplement profilé. Ces logements sont situés dans la face arrière de la couche support.As indicated above, a separate coupling means in the form of a plastics profile comprises at least two coupling portions to be able to join two panels of this type. The coupling means then comprise corresponding recesses intended to cooperate with the shaped coupling portions. These housings are located in the rear face of the support layer.
Afin d'améliorer la solidité de l'accouplement, chaque élément d'accouplement séparé est avantageusement pourvu de premiers moyens de verrouillage qui coopèrent avec des deuxièmes moyens de verrouillage dans les parois des logement correspondants dans la couche support. Pour ce faire, on peut utiliser un système du type ergots/encoches qui vont s'engager en force les uns dans les autres lors de la mise en place des profilés dans les logement.In order to improve the strength of the coupling, each separate coupling element is advantageously provided with first locking means which cooperate with second locking means in the walls of the corresponding recesses in the support layer. To do this, we can use a system type lugs / notches that will engage in force in each other during the establishment of the profiles in the housing.
Le kit de construction comprend des panneaux tels que définis précédemment, des éléments d'accouplement séparés aptes à coopérer avec les moyens d'accouplement d'au moins deux de ces panneaux pour les accoupler dans un plan d'assemblage.The construction kit comprises panels as defined above, separate coupling elements adapted to cooperate with the coupling means of at least two of these panels to couple them in an assembly plane.
D'autres particularités et caractéristiques de invention ressortirons de la description détaillée de quelques modes de réalisation avantageux présentés ci-dessous, à titre d'illustration, en se référant aux dessins annexés. Ceux-ci montrent:
-
FiG.1 : une vue simplifiée en perspective d'un mode de réalisation d'un panneau; -
FIG.2 : une vue de dessous du panneau de laFig.1 ; -
FIG.3 : une vue en perspective d'un élément d'accouplement pour accoupler le panneau de laFig.1 à des panneaux adjacents; -
FIG.4 : une vue de dessous d'un assemblage de panneaux; -
FiG.5 et 6 : des vues des détail A et B illustrant respectivement un ergot sur la paroi intérieure d'un muret définissant un logement et une encoche correspondante dans le profilé d'accouplement; et -
FIG.7 : une vue en perspective d'un joint séparé.
-
Fig.1 : a simplified perspective view of an embodiment of a panel; -
FIG.2 : a bottom view of the panel of theFig.1 ; -
FIG.3 : a perspective view of a coupling element for coupling the panel of theFig.1 adjacent panels; -
FIG.4 : a bottom view of a panel assembly; -
FiG.5 and 6 : views of details A and B respectively illustrating a lug on the inner wall of a wall defining a housing and a corresponding notch in the coupling section; and -
FIG.7 : a perspective view of a separate seal.
Sur les figures, les mêmes signes de référence désignent des éléments identiques ou similaires.In the figures, the same reference signs designate identical or similar elements.
La présente invention concerne un kit de revêtement de surface comprenant au moins deux panneaux comprenant une couche extérieure décorative associée à un support moulé par injection.The present invention relates to a surface coating kit comprising at least two panels comprising a decorative outer layer associated with an injection molded support.
Comme illustrée à la
On appréciera que la couche support 12, qui comprend des moyens d'accouplement (non représentés sur la
On comprendra que pour un renforcement efficace de la céramique 14, il est souhaitable que cette dernière soit solidement assemblée au support 12. Il existe plusieurs manières d'assembler le carreau de céramique à son support:
- a) Par collage. Une colle adaptée au polymère utilisé est déposée par exemple par « coating » sur le support. Ce mode permet de s'affranchir des problèmes dimensionnels liés soit à la céramique elle-même soit au support qui peut subir un retrait aléatoire après refroidissement.
- b) Lors de injection en elle-même par contant direct entre la céramique et le polymère fondu introduit sous pression. Dans ce cas le carreau calibré de céramique peut être introduit en fond de moule avant le début du cycle d'injection. La matière injectée est avantageusement formulée pour être rendue compatible avec la céramique et occasionner un faible retrait. Les tensions générées par ce faible retrait seront encaissées par la céramique (travail essentiellement en compression donc aisément supportable) ce qui permettra le respect des cotes de la pièce de renfort.
- c) Lors de l'injection par adjonction d'un film après l'introduction de la céramique. Ce film (par exemple un film mélaminé) fusionne au moment de l'injection du polymère chaud et assure l'interface entre le polymère constituant la pièce de renfort et la céramique. Il est bien sur choisi pour sa compatibilité avec les deux matériaux.
- a) By gluing. An adhesive adapted to the polymer used is deposited for example by "coating" on the support. This mode makes it possible to overcome the dimensional problems related either to the ceramic itself or to the support which can undergo a random withdrawal after cooling.
- b) During injection itself by direct contant between the ceramic and the molten polymer introduced under pressure. In this case, the calibrated ceramic tile can be introduced into the bottom of the mold before the start of the injection cycle. The injected material is advantageously formulated to be made compatible with the ceramic and cause a slight shrinkage. The tensions generated by this low shrinkage will be cashed by the ceramic (working essentially in compression therefore easily bearable) which will allow the respect of the dimensions of the reinforcement piece.
- c) During the injection by adding a film after the introduction of the ceramic. This film (for example a melamine film) merges at the time of injection of the hot polymer and provides the interface between the polymer constituting the reinforcing piece and the ceramic. It is of course chosen for its compatibility with both materials.
On préférera les modes b) et c) puisqu'ils évitent l'étape additionnelle de collage du mode a), et permettent donc d'obtenir directement le produit fini.Modes b) and c) will be preferred since they avoid the additional step of bonding mode a), and thus make it possible to obtain the finished product directly.
Les modes b) et c) sont faciles à mettre en oeuvre. Il suffit simplement d'aménager dans le moule du support 12 un espace pour le (ou les) carreau(x) de céramique 14.Modes b) and c) are easy to implement. It suffices simply to arrange in the mold of the support 12 a space for the (or) tile (x) ceramic 14.
Comme mentionné ci-dessus, le moulage par injection permet une grande diversité dans la réalisation des moyens d'accouplement. On peut naturellement prévoir un accouplement du type à rainure et languette, au choix avec ou sans emboîtement angulaire. De tels accouplements sont bien connus dans le domaine des parquets flottants.As mentioned above, injection molding allows a great diversity in the realization of the coupling means. It is naturally possible to provide tongue and groove type coupling, optionally with or without angular engagement. Such couplings are well known in the field of floating floors.
L'accouplement entre le panneau 10 et les panneaux voisins 10' et 10" est réalisé au moyen d'éléments d'accouplement prenant la forme d'un profilé d'accouplement 24 tel qu'illustré à la
La
Avantageusement, on prévoit des moyens de verrouillage à ergots et encoches pour bloquer les profilés 24 dans les logements 30. Comme on peut le voir sur la
Le profilé d'accouplement 24 peut être également réalisé par moulage par injection de polymère. On utilisera de préférence un polymère plus élastique que celui constituant la couche support.The
En se référant à nouveau à la
Le joint 36 est dimensionné pour combler les interstices inter-panneaux 10, 10', resp. 10, 10". Bien qu'un seul joint 36 soit représenté sur la
Bien sur, on peut fabriquer les joints séparément, et les mettre en place dans les interstices après assemblage des panneaux. Un tel joint 38 séparé est représenté sur la
Que les joints soient séparés ou solidaires des panneaux, si l'on utilise des éléments d'accouplement tels que le profilé 24, il est avantageux de prévoir des évidements dans la partie inférieure des joints pour le passage des profilés (voir l'évidement 40 dans la partie inférieure du joint 38, Fi.7).Whether the joints are separated or integral with the panels, if coupling elements such as the
La présente invention concerne un kit de construction comprenant des panneaux 10 tels que décrits ci-dessus et des profilés 24. Partant de ce kit de construction, il ne restera plus à l'utilisateur qu'à emboîter les profilés 24 dans les logements prévus à cet effet dans les support 12 pour réaliser une un revêtement de surface dont l'aspect correspondre tout à fait à celui d'une pose traditionnelle de carrelage.The present invention relates to a construction
N'importe quel panneau pourra être retiré et/ou remplacé en insérant un outil du type tourne-vis entre le joint et le panneau voisin puis en exerçant un effet levier pour désolidariser le profilé de son logement sous le support.Any panel can be removed and / or replaced by inserting a screw-type tool between the seal and the adjacent panel and then exerting a lever effect to separate the profile of its housing under the support.
On a réalisé un panneau comprenant un carreau céramique de type grès cérame de 20x20 cm sur une pièce support en polypropylène présentant une face arrière avec une structure de renfoncement telle qu'illustrée à la
La céramique présentait un module d'Young de 3,7x105 MPa et un coefficient de poisson de 0,22. Le polypropylène était standard avec un module d'Young de 30 MPa et un coefficient de poisson de 0,4.The ceramic had a Young's modulus of 3.7x10 5 MPa and a fish coefficient of 0.22. Polypropylene was standard with a Young's modulus of 30 MPa and a fish coefficient of 0.4.
Ce panneau a été soumis:
- à un test de résistance à la flexion en appliquant des contraintes de l'ordre de 3 000 N, réparties uniformément sur la céramique.
- à des contraintes locales dites « pied de chaise » appliquées sur 2 cm2 pour une valeur de 1300 N.
- to a test of resistance to bending by applying stresses of the order of 3000 N, distributed uniformly over the ceramic.
- to local constraints called "foot chair" applied on 2 cm 2 for a value of 1300 N.
Aucunes brisures ni fissures n'ont été observées sur le carreau en céramique.No breaks or cracks were observed on the ceramic tile.
Un carreau calibré de céramique entre 3 mm à 6 mm d'épaisseur est déposé en fond de moule d'une presse de bi-injection, face de décoration de la céramique contre le fond du moule.A calibrated ceramic tile between 3 mm and 6 mm thick is deposited at the bottom of the mold of a bi-injection press, with the decoration face of the ceramic against the bottom of the mold.
Une première injection de polypropylène à 210°C contenant 5 % en poids de fibre de verre est réalisée directement sur la céramique (contre la face arrière, non décorative, de celle-ci) en utilisait un moule rotatif. La première empreinte de ce moule correspond à la couche support.A first injection of polypropylene at 210 ° C containing 5% by weight of fiberglass is made directly on the ceramic (against the back, non-decorative, thereof) using a rotating mold. The first imprint of this mold corresponds to the support layer.
Après 2 mm de refroidissement une deuxième injection a lieu utilisant unie seconde empreinte (après rotation du moule) correspondait au joint. Ce joint est positionné par exemple en équerre contre le support et est à base de PVC souple. Le fait que cette injection a lieu alors que la couche support est encore chaude garantit une bonne adhésion entre les polymères.After 2 mm of cooling a second injection takes place using a second imprint (after rotation of the mold) corresponds to the seal. This seal is positioned for example square against the support and is based on flexible PVC. The fact that this injection takes place while the support layer is still hot guarantees good adhesion between the polymers.
Après deux autres minutes, la pièce complète est éjectée et un nouveau cycle peut reprendre.After another two minutes, the complete part is ejected and a new cycle can resume.
Le retrait du polypropylène chargé de fibre de verre est suffisamment faible pour ne pas entraîner de réformation majeure de du support (la céramique jouant comme un élément stabilisateur.) le support une fois refroidi va pouvoir jouer pleinement son rôle en améliorant la résistance au choc et à la fluxion de la céramique tandis que la céramique joue quant à elle le rôle de stabilisateur du support, garantissant ainsi ses dimensions (en relation avec les dimensions des profilés d'accouplement) au cours de son refroidissement. Dans cette application, son choisira de préférence pour le support un polymère dont le retrait n'est pas excessif (<0,5%), afin de limiter les contraintes de cisaillement qui poudraient désolidariser la céramique de la couche support.The shrinkage of the polypropylene filled with fiberglass is sufficiently low not to cause major reformation of the support (the ceramic playing as a stabilizing element.) Once cooled the support will be able to play its full role by improving the impact resistance and to the flow of the ceramic while the ceramic plays the role of stabilizer support, thus ensuring its dimensions (in relation to the dimensions of the coupling profiles) during its cooling. In this application, it will preferably choose for the support a polymer whose shrinkage is not excessive (<0.5%), in order to limit the shear stresses which could dissolve the ceramic from the support layer.
Claims (8)
- Kit for constructing a surface covering, in particular a floor, covering, comprising:at least two panels (10) each comprising an outer layer (14) arranged on a backing layer (12) and coupling means in the form of at least one housing (30) collaborating with a separate coupling element, andat least one separate coupling element for coupling said panels (10) and comprising two coupling portions, each intended to collaborate with said housing (30) of corresponding shape situated in the rear face (18) of the backing layer (12) of each of said panels (10),characterized in thatsaid backing layer (12) of said panels (10) is an injection-moulded polymer,in thatthe separate coupling element is a coupling profile (24) defining a space between said panels (10),and in thateach of said panels (10) further comprises at least one polymer peripheral seal (36) along at least one edge of said backing layer (12), the seal or seals of said two panels filling said space between said panels (10).
- Construction kit according to Claim 1, wherein the coupling profile (24) comprises locking means (34) which collaborate with locking means (32) in the walls of the housing (30) of the backing layer (12) collaborating with said coupling element (24).
- Construction kit according to Claim 2, wherein the locking means (32) of the housing (30) are of the lug type and the locking means (32) of the coupling element (24) are of the notch type, said locking means (32) being forcibly engaging in one another.
- Construction kit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the peripheral seal (36) of the backing layer (12) is made of injection-moulded polymer.
- Construction kit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layer (14) of the panels (10) is attached to the backing layer (12) using an adhesive.
- Construction kit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layer (14) of the panels (10) comprises a ceramic, stone or rock tile.
- Use of the construction kit according to any one of Claims 1 to 6 for constructing a floor covering.
- Floor covering assembled using the construction kit according to any one of Claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06793941A EP1934417B1 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2006-10-02 | Kit for the construction of a covering surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05292054 | 2005-10-03 | ||
EP06793941A EP1934417B1 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2006-10-02 | Kit for the construction of a covering surface |
PCT/EP2006/066964 WO2007039593A1 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2006-10-02 | Floor panel, in particular comprising a ceramic tile |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1934417A1 EP1934417A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
EP1934417B1 true EP1934417B1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
Family
ID=37420945
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06793941A Not-in-force EP1934417B1 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2006-10-02 | Kit for the construction of a covering surface |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1934417B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2387820T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007039593A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2357124B1 (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-03-20 | Butech Building Techonology S.A. | REMOVABLE SOIL COATING |
IT1395388B1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2012-09-14 | Ceramicanda S R L | IMPROVED DEVICE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PEDESTRIAN CROSSING AND URBAN FURNITURE IN GENERAL |
ITRE20090109A1 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-05-06 | Sacmi | TILE WITH INTEGRATED INSTALLATION SYSTEM |
DE102010005068A1 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | Karl-Heinz Peter 63768 Scholz | Flooring with integral stone slabs and method for its production |
ES2449691T3 (en) | 2010-08-05 | 2014-03-20 | Butech Building Technology S.A. | Parts manufacturing procedure for the formation of removable floor coverings |
DE102014108565A1 (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2015-12-24 | Trocellen Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Sports mat system |
JP6576314B2 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-09-18 | 株式会社山仙 | Tatami anti-slip device |
IT201900020751A1 (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-11 | Artimo S R L | MODULABLE RACE TRACK FOR KARTRODOMES |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19901022A1 (en) | 1999-01-13 | 2000-07-20 | Stroeher Gmbh | Covering element and method for its production |
DE20107338U1 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2001-06-28 | Schulze Zuralst Karl | Flexible floor covering system |
DE10295140D2 (en) | 2001-11-28 | 2004-12-23 | Mayer Hans | Laying system for floor slabs |
DE10253553A1 (en) | 2002-03-22 | 2003-10-02 | Frieder Kattwinkel | Floating floor covering consists of top floor held onto support layer by massed of elastic adhesive accommodated in grooves in support layer |
US7442423B2 (en) | 2003-04-28 | 2008-10-28 | Shaw Industries Group | Hard surface-veneer engineered surfacing tiles |
ATE424515T1 (en) | 2003-07-07 | 2009-03-15 | Poschacher Natursteinwerke Gmb | BOARD FOR LAYING ON FLOORS, WALLS, CEILINGS, FACADES OR THE LIKE |
DE10355788B4 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2008-02-07 | Meyer, Hans | Plate for use in a laying system, in particular for the production of a floor covering and method for producing the same |
US20080092473A1 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2008-04-24 | Heyns Albertus N | Substrate Element, Modular Tiling Element, System Of Interlocking Mechanisms And Method Of Tiling |
DE102005019638B4 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2007-02-08 | Kronotec Ag | Method for producing a floor element |
-
2006
- 2006-10-02 EP EP06793941A patent/EP1934417B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-10-02 ES ES06793941T patent/ES2387820T3/en active Active
- 2006-10-02 WO PCT/EP2006/066964 patent/WO2007039593A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2387820T3 (en) | 2012-10-02 |
WO2007039593A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
EP1934417A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1934417B1 (en) | Kit for the construction of a covering surface | |
CN106164393B (en) | It can be interconnected with similar panelling to form the panelling of cladding system | |
FR2633652A1 (en) | SHEET SHEET, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR INSTALLATION | |
CA2612000C (en) | Panel, in particular for floor covering | |
EP2633133B1 (en) | Interlocking building block formed from an assembly of sections made of solid material that are joined together and encapsulated in an overmoulded plastic | |
FR2623544A1 (en) | Floating strip flooring formed of modular panels which can be assembled | |
WO2020115415A1 (en) | Panel with vertical assembly for producing a covering | |
EP1373657B1 (en) | Floor with floating support | |
FR2834527A1 (en) | Modular flooring system with framed slabs comprises series of identical and rigid slab framing modules placed relative to one another to form exposed grid of slabs | |
WO2004035960A1 (en) | Assembling module for floor or wall coverings | |
FR2761095A1 (en) | Outdoor terrace tiling system | |
EP1470302B1 (en) | Modular flooring system with framed tiles | |
FR2903131A1 (en) | Wood floor panel, parquet or floor covering fabricating method, involves covering outer surface of facing layer by film, and molding slits on part of thickness of layer by forming slits remote from edges of panels and on certain panels | |
EP2725162A1 (en) | Building block formed from an aerated concrete body wrapped in plastic | |
EP0814218B1 (en) | Homogeneous interlocking modular elements, to realize wall or floor coverings | |
JP4492324B2 (en) | Cosmetic material | |
LU81463A1 (en) | CONSTRUCTION PROCESS, PREFABRICATED PRODUCT FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF | |
WO2018007731A1 (en) | Composite slab and covering system comprising such slabs | |
JP4126893B2 (en) | Cosmetic material | |
FR2871489A1 (en) | Interjoist for use in concrete forming system, has body including number of cavities of different shapes and is made of plastic material, and reinforcement units housed in cavities, where units are resistant to bending | |
EP1395721B1 (en) | Artificial stone facing | |
BE1011072A3 (en) | Prefabricated building component and method of manufacturing same | |
FR2868453A1 (en) | Spline for assembling two strips, has leg allowing to maintain gap between strips and constituting expansion joint, where edges of strips and substrate define recess permitting deformation of joint when spline is subjected to compression | |
FR3078353A1 (en) | SURFACE COATING ELEMENT OF SLAB TYPE, TOMETTE OR LATTE | |
FR2910510A1 (en) | Modular floor covering, has underlayer plates including anchoring grooves that form groove lines, when plates are installed at ground, where lines extend along longitudinal direction for reversibly anchoring rigid strips with plates |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20080328 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20100922 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: KIT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A COVERING SURFACE |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 559190 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20120615 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602006029694 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20120726 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: VDEP Effective date: 20120523 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2387820 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20121002 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D Effective date: 20120523 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120923 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 559190 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20120523 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120824 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120924 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: TARKETT SAS Effective date: 20121031 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20130226 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20121002 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602006029694 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20130226 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20130628 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121002 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120823 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121002 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20120523 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121002 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20061002 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20161027 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20161024 Year of fee payment: 11 Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20161026 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602006029694 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180501 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20171002 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20181220 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20171003 |