Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
  • A01N57/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-nitrogen bonds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
  • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
  • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
  • A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
  • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
  • A01N57/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
  • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
  • A01N57/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
  • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
  • A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for using a defined compound in the control or prevention of damage to plant propagation material and plant organs that grow at a later point in time, by applying or treating the compound to the plant propagation material, plant propagation material compositions thereof and combinations of such a compound with certain pesticide(s) for use in treating plant propagation material.
• the art teaches many compounds as having nematicidal activity, especially as soil application, e.g. aldicarb, carbofuran, carbosulfan, oxamyl, aldoxycarb, ethoprop benomyl, alanycarb, henamiphos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion, terbufos, fosthiazate, dimethoate, phosphocarb, dichlofenthion, isamidofos, fosthietan, isazofos, ethoprophos, cadusafos, terbufos, chlorpyrifos, dichlofenthion, heterophos, isamidofos, mecarphon, phorate, thionazin, triazophos, diamidafos, fosthietan, and phosphamidon.
• soil application e.g. aldicarb, carbofuran, carbo
• the art also discloses a method of protecting a seed and plant organs which grow at a later point in time against attack by a pest selected from the class Insecta, class Arachnida and class Nematoda, which comprises treating the seed with a pesticidal composition comprising as active ingredient Emamectin, Abamectin or Spinosad: see WO99/33343 .
• isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb are also suited for protecting plant propagation material and plant organs that grow at a later point in time against attack by a pest, when the plant propagation material is treated with one or more of isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb.
• the treatment of plant propagation material is a targeted pesticide application which addresses the need for a reduction of environmental and worker exposure compared to foliar or soil pesticide applications.
• the present invention provides a method of protecting a plant propagation material and plant organs which grow at a later point in time against attack by a pest, especially a pest selected from the class Nematoda, which comprises treating the a plant propagation material with a pesticidal composition comprising one or more isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb, and at least one auxiliary.
• the present invention provides a method of controlling damage by a pest, especially a pest selected from the class Nematoda, to crop plants, which comprises treating a plant propagation material of the crop plant with a pesticidal composition comprising one or more isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb, and at least one auxilary.
• the invention also relates to a plant propagation material treated with one or more selected from isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb.
• a plant propagation material treatment composition comprising one or more selected from isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb, and at least one auxilary is hereby made available.
• Each of the compounds defined in the first aspect when applied to plant propagation material, especially seed, can have very advantageous properties for protecting plants against soil-inhabiting nematodes; the present invention can control or prevent damage on a seed, parts of plant and/or plant grown from the treated plant propagation material, such as a seed.
• the pest controlled is a pest selected from the class Nematoda.
• Examples of pests from the class Nematoda are the species of Meloidogyne spp. (for example, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne chitwoodi and Meloidogyne javanica), Heterodera spp. (for example, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodora avenae and Heterodora trifolii), Globodera spp. (for example, Globodera rostochiensis), Radopholus spp.
• Meloidogyne spp. for example, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne chitwoodi and Meloidogyne javanica
• Heterodera spp. for
• Isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb have been found to be effective against Meloidogyne spp., for example, Meloidogyne incognita.
• the protection, prevention or control of nematodes result in an improvement in the growing characteristics of a treated plant by, for example, improved yield, height, root mass, and minimized disease or insect damage.
• the improvement in the growing (or growth) characteristics of a plant can manifest in a number of different ways, but ultimately it results in a better product of the plant. It can, for example, manifest in improving the yield and/or vigour of the plant or quality of the harvested product from the plant, which improvement may not be connected to the control of diseases and/or pests.
• the phrase "improving the yield" of a plant relates to an increase in the yield of a product of the plant by a measurable amount over the yield of the same product of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the subject method. It is preferred that the yield be increased by at least about 0.5%, more preferred that the increase be at least about 1%, even more preferred is about 2%, and yet more preferred is about 4%, or more Yield can be expressed in terms of an amount by weight or volume of a product of the plant on some basis. The basis can be expressed in terms of time, growing area, weights of plants produced, amount of a raw material used, or the like.
• the phrase "improving the vigour" of a plant relates to an increase or improvement of the vigour rating, or the stand (the number of plants per unit of area), or the plant height, or the plant canopy, or the visual appearance (such as greener leaf colour), or the root rating, or emergence, or protein content, or increased tillering, or bigger leaf blade, or less dead basal leaves, or stronger tillers, or less fertilizer needed, or less seeds needed, or more productive tillers, or earlier flowering, or early grain maturity, or less plant verse (lodging), or increased shoot growth, or earlier germination, or any combination of these factors, or any other advantages familiar to a person skilled in the art, by a measurable or noticeable amount over the same factor of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the subject method.
• the present method is capable of "improving the yield and/or vigour" of a plant
• the present method results in an increase in either the yield, as described above, or the vigor of the plant, as described above, or both the yield and the vigor of the plant.
• the present invention also provides a method of improving the growing characterictics of a plant, which comprises applying to a plant propagation material one or more selected from isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb.
• the rates of application (use) of one or more selected from isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb vary, for example, according to type of crop, the specific active ingredient, the number of active ingredients, type of plant propagation material but is such that the active ingredient(s) is an effective amount to provide the desired action (such as disease or pest control) and can be determined by trials.
• application rates of each of isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb can vary from 0.1 ⁇ g to 100mg, preferably 0.5 ⁇ g to 50mg, more preferably 1 ⁇ g to 10mg, especially 0.1 to 2 mg, of Al/seed.
• application rate of cadusafos is from 0.2 to 1.5 mg ai/seed, especially on a cotton seed.
• application rate of isazofos is from 0.7 to 1.5mg ai/seed, especially on a tomato seed.
• application rate of fosthiazate is from 0.7 to 1.5 mg ai/seed, especially on a tomato seed.
• application rate of fenamiphos or fensulfothion is from 0.7 to 1.5 mg ai/seed, especially on a tomato seed.
• application rate of aldicarb is from 0.7 to 1.5 mg ai/seed, especially on a tomato seed.
• the seed treatment combination and composition can also comprise or may be applied together and/or sequentially with further active compounds.
• further compounds can be fertilizers or micronutrient donors or other preparations that influence plant growth, such as inoculants (e.g. a strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria), plant inducers (e.g. nod factors - see US2005187107 , which hereby incorporated).
• a single pesticidal active ingredient may have activity in more than one area of pest control, for example, a pesticide may have fungicide, insecticide and nematicide activity.
• a pesticide may have fungicide, insecticide and nematicide activity.
• aldicarb is known for insecticide, acaricide and nematicide activity
• metam is known for insecticide, herbicide, fungicide and nematicide activity
• thiabendazole and captan can provide nematicide and fungicide activity.
• the compound defined in the first aspect of the present invention may be mixed with other ST pesticides, such as fungicides, insecticides and other nematicides.
• a synergistically enhanced activity can be observed, for example, resulting in improved pesticidal properties in any one of disease and pest, e.g., fungicidal, insecticidal, nematicidal, control.
• These properties can be for example the unexpected enhanced action resulting in lower pathogenic damage and/or pest damage, lower rates of application, or a longer duration of action. ln the instance of agriculture, the enhanced action is found to show an improvement in the growing characteristics of a plant by, for example, higher than expected control of the pathogenic infestation and/or pest damage.
• a combination comprising the compound defined in the first aspect (i.e. one or more selected from isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb) and one or more pesticides are applied to a plant propagation material, in any desired sequence or simultaneously.
• the invention also provides a combination comprising a compound defined in the first aspect (i.e. one or more selected from isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb) and one or more pesticides, and its use in the method defined in the first aspect.
• fungicidal active ingredients include azoxystrobin; fluoxastrobin, bitertanol; benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, carboxin; Cu 2 O; cymoxanil; cyproconazole; cyprodinil; dichlofluamid; difenoconazole; diniconazole; epoxiconazole; fenpiclonil; fludioxonil; fluquiconazole; flusilazole; flutriafol; furalaxyl; guazatin; hexaconazole; hymexazol; imazalil; imibenconazole; ipconazole; kresoxim-methyl; mancozeb; metalaxyl; R-metalaxyl; metconazole; myclobutanil; oxadixyl, pefurazoate; penconazole; pency
• insecticidal active ingredients include thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, thiocloprid, dinotefuran, clothianidin, lamda-cyhalothrin, tefluthrin, ⁇ -cyfluthrin, permethrin, abamectin, fipronil, and spinosad.
• Each of isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb or a combination thereof with one or more further active compounds, such as pesticides, can be formulated for a particular use.
• isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion or aldicarb, or a combination thereof, optionally with one or more further active compounds are formulated for treating or applying to plant propagation materials, such that plant propagation materials and plant organs that grow at a later point in time are protected against damage from pests, such as nematodes.
• Each of the compounds defined in the first aspect and combinations thereof when applied to plant propagation material, especially seed can have very advantageous properties for protecting plants against (i) pathogenic, such as phytopathogenic, especially fungi, attack or infestation, which result in a disease and damage to the plant and/or (ii) pest attack or damage; the present invention, therefore, can control or prevent pathogenic damage and/or pest damage on a plant propagation material, such as a seed, and plant organs that grow at a later point in time.
• Controlling, preventing or protecting and its inflections, within the context of the present invention, mean reducing any undesired effect, such as
• the plant propagation material treated by one or more compounds defined in the first aspect and one or further active compounds are, therefore, resistant to disease and/or pest damage; accordingly, the present invention,also,provides a pathogenic and/or pest resistant plant propagation material which is treated with one or more compounds defined in the first aspect and one or further active compounds and consequently at least the active ingredients thereof are adhered on the propagation material, such a seed.
• Suitable examples of pesticides include triazole derivatives, strobilurins, carbamate (including thiocarbamate), benzimidazoles (thiabendazole), N-trihalomethylthio compounds (captan), substituted benzenes, carboxamides, phenylamides and phenylpyrroles, and mixtures thereof; and neonicotinoids, carbamates and pyrethroids.
• fungicidal active ingredients include azoxystrobin; fluoxastrobin, bitertanol; benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, carboxin; Cu 2 O; cymoxanil; cyproconazole; cyprodinil; dichlofluamid; difenoconazole; diniconazole; epoxiconazole; fenpiclonil; fludioxonil; fluquiconazole; flusilazole; flutriafol; furalaxyl; guazatin; hexaconazole; hymexazol; imazalil; imibenconazole; ipconazole; kresoxim-methyl; mancozeb; metalaxyl; R-metalaxyl; metconazole; myclobutanil; oxadixyl, pefurazoate; penconazole; pency
• insecticidal active ingredients include thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, thiocloprid, dinotefuran, clothianidin, lamda-cyhalothrin, tefluthrin, ⁇ -cyfluthrin, permethrin, abamectin, fipronil, and spinosad.
• the weight between any two is selected as to give the desired, for example, synergistic, action.
• the weight ratio would vary depending on the specific pesticide and how many pesticides are present in the combination.
• the weight ratio between any two active ingredients is from 100:1 to 1:100, preferably from 75:1 to 1:75, more preferably, 50:1 to 1.50, especially 25:1 to 1:25, advantageously 10:1 to 1:10.
• the complete active ingredients application rates can vary from 0.1 ⁇ g to 10 g of Al/seed.
• the benefit from the invention can also be achieved either (i) by treating plant propagation material with one or more of the compounds defined in the first aspect or (ii) by step (i) followed by applying to the locus where control is desired, generally the planting site, the one or more of the compounds defined in the first aspect.
• plant propagation material is understood to denote all the generative parts of the plant, including but not limited to seeds, which can be used for the multiplication of the latter and vegetative plant material such as cuttings and tubers (for example, potatoes). There may be mentioned, e.g., the seeds (in the strict sense), roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, parts of plants. Germinated plants and young plants, which are to be transplanted after germination or after emergence from the soil, may also be mentioned. A preferred plant propagation material is the seed. In an aspect of the present invention, these young plants and generative parts may be protected before transplantation by a total or partial treatment, for example, by treatment, for example by immersion, by a pesticide, e.g.
• seed in the form of a pesticidal composition, according to the present invention.
• seed to be treated with the compositions of the present invention means a plant body of the initial stage of cultivation used for reproduction of plants, and involves not only the so-called seeds but also plant bodies for nutrient reproduction such as bulb, tuber, seed tuber, aerial tuber, scaly bulb, stalks for cuttage, and the like.
• Methods for applying or treating pesticidal active ingredients and mixtures thereof on to plant propagation material, especially seeds, are known in the art, and include dressing, coating, pelleting and soaking application methods of the propagation material.
• the active ingredients can be applied to the seeds using conventional treating techniques and machines, such as fluidized bed techniques, the roller mill method, rotostatic seed treaters, and drum coaters. Other methods, such as spouted beds may also be useful.
• the seeds may be presized before coating. After coating, the seeds are typically dried and then transferred to a sizing machine for sizing. Such procedures are known in the art.
• the active ingredient(s) is applied or treated on to the plant propagation material by a method such that the germination is not induced; generally seed soaking induces germination: because the moisture content of the resulting seed is too high
• suitable methods for applying (or treating) a plant propagation material, such as a seed is seed dressing, seed coating or seed pelleting and the like.
• the plant propagation material is a seed.
• the seed be in a sufficiently durable state that it incurs no damage during the treatment process.
• the seed would be a seed that.had been harvested from the field; removed from the plant; and separated from any cob, stalk, outer husk, and surrounding pulp or other non-seed plant material.
• the seed would preferably also be biologically stable to the extent that the treatment would cause no biological damage to the seed. It is believed that the treatment can be applied to the seed at any time between harvest of the seed and sowing of the seed or during the sowing process (seed directed applications).
• the seed may also, optionally, be primed either before or after the treatment.
• Treatment could vary from a thin film (dressing) of the formulation containing the active ingredient(s) on a plant propagation material, such as a seed, where the original size and/or shape are recognizable to an intermediary state (such as a coating) and then to a thicker film (such as pelleting with many layers of different materials (such as carriers, for example, clays; different formulations, such as of other active ingredients; polymers; and colourants) where the original shape and/or size of the seed is no longer recognisable.
• a thin film dressing of the formulation containing the active ingredient(s) on a plant propagation material, such as a seed, where the original size and/or shape are recognizable to an intermediary state (such as a coating) and then to a thicker film (such as pelleting with many layers of different materials (such as carriers, for example, clays; different formulations, such as of other active ingredients; polymers; and colourants) where the original shape and/or size of the seed is no longer recognisable.
• the seed treatment occurs to an unsown seed, and the term "unsown seed” is meant to include seed at any period between the harvest of the seed and the sowing of the seed in the ground for the purpose of germination and growth of the plant.
• Treatment to an unsown seed is not meant to include those practices in which the active ingredient is applied to the soil but would include any application practice that would target the seed during the planting process.
• the treatment occurs before sowing of the seed so that the sown seed has been pretreated with the desired compound.
• seed coating or seed pelleting are preferred in the treatment of the compound according to the invention.
• the active ingredients are adhered on to the seed and therefore available for pest and/or disease control.
• the treated seeds can be stored, handled, sowed and tilled in the same manner as any other active ingredient treated seed.
• Suitable plants of the crops include cereals (wheat, barley, rye, oats, corn, rice, sorghum, triticale and related crops); beet (sugar beet and fodder beet); leguminous plants (beans, lentils, peas, soybeans); oil plants (rape, mustard, sunflowers); cucumber plants (marrows, cucumbers, melons); fibre plants (cotton, flax, hemp, jute); vegetables (spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, paprika); as well as ornamentals (flowers, shrubs, broad-leaved trees and evergreens, such as conifers).
• Suitable target crops also include transgenic crop plants of the foregoing types.
• the transgenic crop plants used according to the invention are plants, or propagation material thereof, which are transformed by means of recombinant DNA technology in such a way that they are - for instance - capable of synthesizing selectively acting toxins as are known, for example, from toxin-producing invertebrates, especially of the phylum Arthropoda, as can be obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis strains; or as are known from plants, such as lectins; or in the alternative capable of expressing a herbicidal or fungicidal resistance.
• the active ingredient(s) may be used either in pure form, i.e., as a solid active ingredient, for example, in a specific particle size, or preferably together with at least one of the auxiliary (also known as adjuvants) customary in formulation technology, such as extenders, e.g., solvents or solid carriers, or surface-active compounds (surfactants), in the form of a formulation, in the present invention.
• the active ingredient(s) is in the form of a formulation composition with one or more of customary formulation auxiliaries.
• each of the active ingredient compounds defined in the first aspect is formulated for plant propagation material, preferably seed, treatment applications for controlling or preventing damage by pests and/or pathogens, which are found in agriculture and forestry, and can particularly damage the plant in the early stages of its development.
• the active ingredients may be applied either simultaneously or in succession at short interval, if desired together with further carriers, surfactants or other application-promoting adjuvants customarily employed in formulation technology. In a preferred embodiment, the active ingredients are applied simultaneously.
• each active ingredient can be obtained from a separate formulation source and mixed together (known as a tank-mix, ready-to-apply, spray broth, or slurry), or they can be obtained as single formulation mixture source (known as a pre-mix, concentrate, formulated compound (or product)).
• two or more active ingredients of the present invention are applied as a composition.
• the composition is a pre-mix composition (or mixture).
• examples of seed treatment formulation types for pre-mix compositions are:
• formulation types suitable for tank-mix compositions are solutions, dilute emulsions, suspensions, or a mixture thereof, and dusts.
• the methods of application such as foliar, drench, spraying, atomizing, dusting, scattering, coating or pouring, are chosen in accordance with the intended objectives and the prevailing circumstances.
• application of the formulations would generally involve any suitable application technique ensuring adherence of the active ingredient(s) to the plant propagation material.
• the tank-mix compositions are generally prepared by diluting with a solvent (for example, water) the one or more pre-mix compositions containing different pesticides, and optionally further auxiliaries.
• a solvent for example, water
• Suitable carriers and adjuvants can be solid or liquid: and are the substances ordinarily employed in formulation technology, e.g. natural or regenerated mineral substances, solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, tackifiers, thickeners, binders or fertilizers.
• the formulations are prepared in known manner, e.g., by homogeneously mixing and/or grinding the active ingredients with extenders, e.g., solvents, solid carriers and, where appropriate, surface-active compounds (surfactants).
• extenders e.g., solvents, solid carriers and, where appropriate, surface-active compounds (surfactants).
• Suitable solvents are: aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably the fractions containing 8 to 12 carbon atoms; e.g. xylene mixtures, or substituted naphthalenes, phthalates, such as dibutyl phthalate or dioctyl phthalate, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, alcohols and glycols and their ethers and esters, such as ethanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, ketones, such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such as N-mothyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethylformamide, as well as vegetable oils or epoxidised vegetable oils, such as epoxidised coconut oil or soybean oil; or water.
• aromatic hydrocarbons preferably the fractions containing 8 to 12 carbon atoms
• phthalates such as dibutyl phthalate or dioctyl
• the solid carriers used are normally natural mineral fillers, such as calcite, talcum, kaolin, montmorillonite or attapulgite.
• calcite talcum
• kaolin kaolin
• montmorillonite attapulgite
• highly dispersed silicic acid or highly dispersed absorbent polymers e.g., calcite, talcum, kaolin, montmorillonite or attapulgite.
• Suitable granulated adsorptive carriers are porous types, for example pumice, broken brick, sepiolite or bentonite, and suitable nonsorbent carriers are, for example, calcite or sand.
• pregranulated materials of inorganic or organic nature can be used, e.g., especially dolomite or pulverized plant residues.
• suitable surface-active compounds are non-ionic, cationic and/or anionic surfactants having good, emulsifying, dispersing and wetting properties.
• surfactants will also be understood as comprising mixtures of surfactants.
• Particularly advantageous application-promoting adjuvants are also natural or synthetic phospholipids of the cephalin and lecithin series, e.g., phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol and lysolecithin.
• a tank-mix formulation for seed treatment application comprises 0.25 to 80%, especially 1 to 75 %, active ingredient compounds, and 99.75 to 20 %, especially 99 to 25 %, of a solid or liquid auxiliaries (including, for example, a solvent such as water), where the auxiliaries can be a surfactant in an amount of 0 to 40 %, especially 0.5 to 30 %, based on the tank-mix formulation.
• auxiliaries including, for example, a solvent such as water
• a pre-mix formulation for seed treatment application comprises 0.5 to 99.9 %, especially 1 to 95 %, active ingredient compounds, and 99.5 to 0.1 %, especially 99 to 5 %, of a solid or liquid adjuvant (including, for example, a solvent such as water), where the auxiliaries can be a surfactant in an amount of 0 to 50 %, especially 0.5 to 40 %, based on the pre-mix formulation.
• a solid or liquid adjuvant including, for example, a solvent such as water
• Preferred seed treatment pre-mix formulations are aqueous suspension concentrates.
• the formulation can be applied to the seeds using conventional treating techniques and machines, such as fluidized bed techniques, the roller mill method, rotostatic seed treaters, and drum coaters. Other methods, such as spouted beds may also be useful.
• the seeds may be presized before coating. After coating, the seeds are typically dried and then transferred to a sizing machine for sizing. Such procedures are known in the art.
• active ingredient denoting a compound defined in the first aspect or a combination thereof, optionally with another pesticide(s).
• Wettable powders a) b) c) active ingredient 25% 50% 75% sodium lignosulfonate 5% 5% - sodium lauryl sulfate 3 % - 5 % sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate - 6 % 10 % phenol polyethylene glycol ether - 2 % - (7-8 mol of ethylene oxide) highly dispersed silicic acid 5% 10 % 10% Kaolin 62% 27 % -
• the active ingredient is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording wettable powders that can be diluted with water to give suspensions of the desired concentration.
• Powders for dry seed treatment a) b) c) active ingredient 25 % 50 % 75 % light mineral oil 5 % 5 % 5 % highly dispersed silicic acid 5% 5% - Kaolin 65% 40% - Talcum - 20
• active ingredient is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording powders that can be used directly for seed treatment.
• Dusts a) b) c) Active ingredient 5 % 6 % 4 % Talcum 95 % - - Kaolin - 94 % - mineral filler - - 96 % Ready-for-use dusts are obtained by mixing the active ingredient with the carrier and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill. Such powders can also be used for dry dressings for seed.
• the active ingredient is mixed and ground with the adjuvants, and the mixture is moistened with water. The mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.
• the finely ground active ingredient is uniformly applied, in a mixer, to the kaolin moistened with polyethylene glycol. Non-dusty coated granules are obtained in this manner.
• active ingredient 40 propylene glycol 10 % nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (15 mol of ethylene oxide) 6 % Sodium lignosulfonate 10 % Carboxymethylcellulose 1 % silicone oil (in the form of a 75% emulsion in water) 1 % Water 32 %
• the finely ground active ingredient is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.
• active ingredient 40 % propylene glycol 5 % copolymer butanol PO/EO 2 % tristyrenephenole with 10-20 moles EO 2 % 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (in the form of a 20% solution in water) 0.5 % monoazo-pigment calcium salt 5 % Silicone oil (in the form of a 75 % emulsion in water) 0.2 % Water 45.3 %
• the finely ground active ingredient is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.
• one or more compounds defined in the first aspect is a plant propagation material preferably seed, treating composition.
• plant propagation material can be treated and protected against damage, for example, from pathogen(s), by, for example; spraying, pouring or immersing.
• suitable compounds are one or more isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos and fensulfothion, especially preferred are one or more isazofos, fosthiazate and cadusafos.
• Each of isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion and aldicarb and combinations thereof with another pesticide(s) are distinguished by the fact that they are especially well tolerated by plants and are environmentally friendly.
• cadusafos is applied on cotton seeds.
• isazofos is applied on tomato seeds.
• fosthiazate is applied on tomato seeds.
• fenamiphos or fensulfothion is applied on tomato seeds.
• aldicarb is applied on tomato seeds.
• each of isazofos, fosthiazate, cadusafos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion, aldicarb or a combination thereof, optionally with one or more other pesticides can also be used to treat stored products, such as grain, for protection against pathogens and/or pests.
• Example 1 Nematode control by seed treatment with Fosthiazate and Oxamyl
• Example 2 Nematode control bv seed treatment with Ethoprophos, Fenamiphos, Phorate, Isazofos, and Aldicarb
• Example 3 Nematode control by seed treatment with Cadusafos, Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Dichlofenthion, Dimethoate, Fensulfothion, Phosphamidon.
• Cotton seeds (var. Delta Opal) are treated with a DS formulation (dry powder for seed treatment) of Cadusafos at 0.1 , 0.3 and 1 mg a.i. /seed.
• Test design 6 replicates per treatment, each replicate consisted of an individually potted cotton plant.
• Seeds are planted into 9-cm diameter pots, which are filled with 270 mL of soil. After placing the seeds on the soil surface they are covered with 60 mL of soil. After sowing, the pots are transferred to the greenhouse chambers, set up in a random fashion and irrigated as necessary from above. 14 days after sowing each pot is inoculated with 6000 M.
• incognita eggs by dispensing an aqueous egg suspenision into three holes drilled into the soil. The holes are then covered with soil. 28 days after inoculation the roots of the plants are examined for galling. The galling is assessed using an index adapted from Zeck (1971). Efficacy is calculated as percent reduction of the gall rating.

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Cited By (9)

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• 2006
  • 2006-11-23 EP EP06024277A patent/EP1925204A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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