EP1924765A1 - Piston, especially cooling channel piston, of an internal combustion engine, comprising three friction-welded zones - Google Patents

Piston, especially cooling channel piston, of an internal combustion engine, comprising three friction-welded zones

Info

Publication number
EP1924765A1
EP1924765A1 EP05783061A EP05783061A EP1924765A1 EP 1924765 A1 EP1924765 A1 EP 1924765A1 EP 05783061 A EP05783061 A EP 05783061A EP 05783061 A EP05783061 A EP 05783061A EP 1924765 A1 EP1924765 A1 EP 1924765A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cooling channel
joining
parts
channel piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05783061A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Volker Gniesmer
Gerhard Luz
Emmerich Ottlickzky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Original Assignee
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH filed Critical KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Publication of EP1924765A1 publication Critical patent/EP1924765A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/10—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid

Definitions

  • Piston in particular cooling channel piston of an internal combustion engine with at least three Reibsch spacialn
  • the invention relates to a piston, in particular a cooling channel piston, an internal combustion engine according to the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a cooling channel piston is known from US 6,155,157.
  • a first and a second part are produced separately from each other and then joined together by means of a joining process (here Reibsch dipleton) to form a one-piece cooling channel piston, which forms a cooling passage for the circulation of a cooling medium approximately behind its ring field.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to further develop the known cooling channel piston so that in the design of the piston with its known and already listed elements greater design freedom is given ben.
  • the cooling channel piston has at least a third part, the third part also having at least one rotationally symmetrical joining region in the direction of the first part and at least one rotationally symmetrical joining region in the direction of the second part, and these joining regions of the third part with joining regions of the first part and second part correspond.
  • a part made of a material which is more heat-resistant than the material of which the other parts are made can be used. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to produce the at least three parts in the same process or in different processes.
  • the joining process is in a particularly advantageous manner a friction welding process, since this makes it possible to machine all three joining regions simultaneously and thus to non-releasably bond the at least three parts together.
  • the parts may be made in the same or different processes (such as forging, casting, pressing, extrusion, stamping, and the like), which may then be of the same or different materials.
  • one part may consist of a more heat-resistant material than the other part (for the purpose of reinforcement, in particular of the trough edge and / or the surface of the piston crown).
  • Weight aspects also play a role here.
  • the at least one part of a lightweight material such as aluminum
  • the at least further part of a ferrous material for example, gray cast iron
  • the at least three parts After the at least three parts have been produced independently, they are joined together by means of a joining process, in particular by means of a friction welding process. It should be remembered that first two parts are joined and then the third part is added. It is also conceivable the simultaneous assembly of all three parts, which is more complex compared to the successive joining.
  • the joining of initially two parts also has the advantage that at least a part or even all parts of the joining area are freely accessible in order to be processed and further treated. In the processing of the joining region, in particular the removal of a joining burr is intended, while in the further treatment, for example, the application of a protective layer or the like may be mentioned. Is it?
  • the mutually directed joining regions between the third and the first part are arranged in at least one joining plane and the mutually facing joining regions between the third and the first part in at least one deviating plane.
  • This also results in greater freedom in the design of the individual parts and their functions of the cooling channel piston, which also takes into account the production engineering aspects in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the joint areas of the respective two parts which are formed in a particularly advantageous manner as rotationally symmetrical joints, can be designed such that in a first process step two parts are optimally assembled and then in a next process step the further part is added to this partial combination can be.
  • the three parts of the cooling channel piston are designed such that they form at least one lying behind a ring field of the cooling channel piston cooling channel after their joining. This also expresses the fact that the at least three parts are designed and thus joined together. that they together form the lying behind the annular field of the cooling channel piston cooling channel.
  • all three parts of the cooling channel piston contribute to the formation of the cooling channel. It should be mentioned at this point that a part which closes this cooling channel after opening its cooling channel does not fall under the concept of the first, second or third part here. Because in the claimed here at least three parts are essential components of the cooling channel piston.
  • cooling channel pistons designed according to the invention are described below and explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a sixth exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention
  • Figure 7 shows a seventh embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows in half a sectional view of a piston, here a cooling channel piston 1 of an internal combustion engine having a first part 2 (piston crown) and a second part 3 (piston lower part). Furthermore, in a manner known per se, a combustion chamber guide 4, a radially encircling annular field 5 (here with three annular grooves), a bore bore 6 and a piston skirt 7 are provided.
  • a third part 8 is provided, which is formed as an intermediate part between the first part 2 and the second part 3.
  • the three parts 2, 3 and 8 are designed such that they form at least one approximately behind the ring field 5 of the cooling channel piston 1 lying cavity or cooling channel after their joining, will be discussed later .
  • the first part 2 has joining areas 9, 10, which point in the direction of joining areas 12, 13 of the third part 8 and thus correspond with them.
  • the second part 3 has joining areas 14, 15 which point in the direction of joining areas 16, 17 of the third part 8. All joining areas 10 to 17, which are designed here as radially circumferential joining webs, have in common that they are matched to one another in terms of their arrangement to one another, in particular as regards the position in the respective plane and its width.
  • the joining regions 9, 12 lie in a first joining plane 18, the joining regions 10, 13 in a second joining plane 19 and the joining regions 14, 16 and 15, 17 in a common third joining plane 20, it also being conceivable that the Joining areas 14, 16 and 15, 17 lie in different joining planes, just as the first joining plane 18 and the second joining plane 19 can be arranged in one and the same joining plane.
  • the reference numeral 23 is still a below the combustion chamber 4 existing inner region 23 of the cooling channel piston 1, wherein those constructive measures have not been shown in the drawing, the supply and the flow of cooling medium to the at least one cooling channel 21, 22 and the process dar- put.
  • Such measures (such as openings, bores and the like) are known per se and can after the joining of the three parts 2, 3, 8 are introduced. With regard to the joining of the three parts 2, 3, 8 is still to be stated that these parts separately from each other from the same material or from different materials in one and the same manufacturing process or in manufactured divergent methods and then assembled.
  • the third part 8 is joined together with the second part 3 in a friction welding process, so that the joints can be processed (but not necessarily) within the cooling channel 21 which is still open at the time.
  • the joining of the then already assembled parts 3, 8 with the first part 2 is carried out in an advantageous manner also in a friction welding, whereby here too the joints can be processed (but also not have).
  • the processing of the joints is then considered when they are in places that are disturbing for the subsequent operation of the cooling channel piston 1.
  • the joints on the outer surface (running surface) of the cooling channel piston 1 are being removed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the cooling channel piston with the three parts 2, 3, 8, in which case the two joining regions 10, 13 in the first joining plane 18 and the further joining regions 9, 14 and 15, 17 in the second joining plane 19 correspond to one another.
  • the above statements apply as already to FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of the cooling channel piston 1, wherein here the first part 2 is designed such that it forms only a part of the combustion chamber 4 (in contrast to Figure 2, where the first part 2, the combustion chamber 4 completely covered).
  • the design form of the first part 2 shown in FIG. 3 has the advantage that it can be produced, in particular, from a heat-resistant material than the part 8, in order thus to make the piston crown and, above all, the peripheral edge of the combustion bowl 4 more heat-resistant in these areas a special load of the cooling channel piston 1 is given. Due to this configuration of the parts 2, 3 and 8, the joining regions 9, 14 and 10, 13 in the first joining plane 18 and the joining regions 15, 17 in the second joining plane correspond to each other and are designed so that only one kuhikanal 21 after assembly results.
  • Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the cooling channel piston 1, in turn, the parts 2, 3, 8 together form the cooling channel 21, in which case the third part 8 as a connecting part between the first part 2 and the second part 3 in the area of the ring field 5 is formed.
  • the joining regions 9, 12 in the first joining plane 18, the joining regions 10, 15 in the second joining plane 19 and the joining regions 14, 16 in the third joining plane 20 correspond to one another. Again, it is clearly visible that the mutually facing joining areas of the respective parts in position and shape match each other.
  • FIG. 5 shows a modification of FIG. 4, in which case the first part 2 and the second part 3 are designed so that the joining regions 14, 16 and 15, 19 lie together in the second joining plane 19 and a third joining plane is absent.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show the piston or cooling channel piston 1, in which at least one of the parts 2, 3, 8 is formed as a reinforcement for a partial surface of the piston or the cooling channel piston 1.
  • the part 8 is designed as reinforcement for a base and in FIG. 7 as reinforcement for the trough edge of the combustion chamber trough 4 of the piston or of the cooling channel piston (1). Also this part 8 is permanently attached, in particular in Reibschweissclar.
  • First joining plane 20 18. Second joining plane

Abstract

The invention relates to a piston, especially a cooling channel piston (1) of an internal combustion engine, having a first part (2) and a second part (3) and a third part (8). These parts can be produced separately from each other and subsequently be assembled by way of a joining method. One part, especially the third part (8) comprises, in direction of one part, especially the first part (2), at least one rotationally symmetrical joining area, and, in the direction of the other part, especially the second part (3), likewise an at least rotationally symmetrical joining area. Said joining areas mate joining areas of the two parts, especially the first part (2) and the second part (3).

Description

B E S C H R E I B U N G DESCRIPTION
Kolben, insbesondere Kühlkanalkolben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest drei ReibschweißzonenPiston, in particular cooling channel piston of an internal combustion engine with at least three Reibschweißzonen
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolben, insbesondere einen Kühlkanalkolben, einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a piston, in particular a cooling channel piston, an internal combustion engine according to the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
Ein Kühlkanalkolben ist aus der US 6,155,157 bekannt. Bei diesem Kühlkanalkolben werden ein erstes und ein zweites Teil separat voneinander hergestellt und anschließend mittels eines Fügeverfahrens (hier Reibschweißverfahren) zusammengefügt, um einen einteiligen Kühlkanalkolben zu bilden, der in etwa hinter seinem Ringfeld einen Kühlkanal für die Zirkulation von einem Kühlmedium bildet. Der Aufbau und die Herstellung eines solchen Kühlkanalkolbens ist zwar relativ einfach, allerdings ist man hinsichtlich der geometrischen Freiheiten äußerst eingeschränkt.A cooling channel piston is known from US 6,155,157. In this cooling channel piston, a first and a second part are produced separately from each other and then joined together by means of a joining process (here Reibschweißverfahren) to form a one-piece cooling channel piston, which forms a cooling passage for the circulation of a cooling medium approximately behind its ring field. Although the construction and production of such a cooling channel piston is relatively simple, one is extremely limited in terms of geometric freedom.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, den bekannten Kühlkanalkolben derart weiter zu bilden, dass bei der Gestaltung des Kolbens mit seinen an sich bekannten und schon aufgeführten Elementen eine größere konstruktive Freiheit gege- ben ist.The invention is therefore based on the object to further develop the known cooling channel piston so that in the design of the piston with its known and already listed elements greater design freedom is given ben.
Diese Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of patent claim 1.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass der Kühlkanalkolben zumindest ein drittes Teil aufweist, wobei das dritte Teil einerseits in Richtung des ersten Teiles zumindest einen rotationssymmetrischen Fügebereich und andererseits in Richtung des zweiten Teiles ebenfalls zumindest einen rotationssymmetrischen Fügebereich aufweist und diese Fügebereiche des dritten Teiles mit Fügebereichen des ersten und zweiten Teiles korrespondieren. Dadurch kann jedes Teil, aus dem später der Kühlkanalkolben zusammengefügt wird, hinsichtlich der Materialwahl und hinsichtlich der konstruktiven Gegebenheiten auf den Einbauort innerhalb des Kühlkanalkolbens abgestimmt werden. Damit wird es möglich, die drei Teile (oder gegebenenfalls auch mehrere Teile) aus ein und demselben Material oder auch aus verschiedenen Materialien (zumindest zwei verschiedene Materialien) herzustellen. So kann beispielsweise an einem thermisch belasteten Teil des Kühlkanalkolbens ein Teil aus einem Material verwendet werden, welches wärmebeständiger ist als das Material, aus dem die übrigen Teile bestehen. Ergänzend oder alternativ dazu ist es möglich, die zumindest drei Teile im gleichen Verfahren oder in unterschiedlichen Verfahren herzustellen.According to the invention, the cooling channel piston has at least a third part, the third part also having at least one rotationally symmetrical joining region in the direction of the first part and at least one rotationally symmetrical joining region in the direction of the second part, and these joining regions of the third part with joining regions of the first part and second part correspond. This allows any part from which later the cooling channel piston is joined together, be matched with regard to the choice of materials and with regard to the structural conditions on the installation site within the cooling channel piston. This makes it possible to produce the three parts (or optionally also several parts) from one and the same material or also from different materials (at least two different materials). For example, on a thermally loaded part of the cooling channel piston, a part made of a material which is more heat-resistant than the material of which the other parts are made can be used. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to produce the at least three parts in the same process or in different processes.
Bei dem Fügevorgang handelt es sich in besonders vorteilhafter Weise um ein Reib- schweißverfahren, da dieses es gestattet, alle drei Fügebereiche gleichzeitig zu bearbeiten und damit die zumindest drei Teile unlösbar miteinander zu verbinden. Außerdem kommt in Betracht, dass die Teile in gleichen oder verschiedenen Verfahren (wie zum Beispiel Schmieden, Gießen, Pressen, Fließpressen, Stanzen und dergleichen) herzugestellen, die dann aus gleichen oder verschiedenen Materialien bestehen können. So kann beispielsweise das eine Teil aus einem hitzebeständigeren Material bestehen wie das andere Teil (zwecks Bewehrung, insbesondere des Muldenrandes und/oder der Oberfläche des Kolbenbodens). Auch Gewichtsaspekte spielen hier eine Rolle. So kann beispielsweise das zumindest eine Teil aus einem Leichtbauwerkstoff (wie Aluminium) bestehen, während das zumindest weitere Teil aus einem Eisenwerkstoff (zum Beispiel Grauguß) besteht.The joining process is in a particularly advantageous manner a friction welding process, since this makes it possible to machine all three joining regions simultaneously and thus to non-releasably bond the at least three parts together. It is also contemplated that the parts may be made in the same or different processes (such as forging, casting, pressing, extrusion, stamping, and the like), which may then be of the same or different materials. Thus, for example, one part may consist of a more heat-resistant material than the other part (for the purpose of reinforcement, in particular of the trough edge and / or the surface of the piston crown). Weight aspects also play a role here. Thus, for example, the at least one part of a lightweight material (such as aluminum) exist, while the at least further part of a ferrous material (for example, gray cast iron) consists.
Nachdem die zumindest drei Teile unabhängig voneinander hergestellt worden sind, werden sie mittels eines Fügeverfahrens, insbesondere mittels eines Reibschweißverfahrens, zusammengefügt. Dabei ist daran zu denken, dass zunächst zwei Teile zusammengefügt und anschließend das dritte Teil angefügt wird. Denkbar ist auch die gleichzeitige Zusammenfügung aller drei Teile, wobei dies gegenüber dem nacheinander durchgeführten Zusammenfügen aufwändiger ist. Das Zusammenfügen von zunächst zwei Teilen hat auch den Vorteil, dass zumindest ein Teil oder auch alle Stellen des Fügebereiches frei zugänglich sind, um bearbeitet und weiterbehandelt zu werden. Bei der Bearbeitung des Fügebereiches ist dabei insbesondere an die Entfernung eines Fügegrates gedacht, während bei der Weiterbehandlung zum Beispiel der Auftrag einer Schutzschicht oder dergleichen zu nennen ist. Handelt es sich bei dem zu bearbeitenden Bereich um einen späteren Kühlkanal oder einen für die Gewichtsersparnis gedachten Hohlraum, bestehen gerade bei dem ein- oder zweistufigen Fügeverfahren hohe Freiheitsgrade bei der Bearbeitung der Räume, die den Kühlkanal oder den Hohlraum bilden, da sie noch optimal zugänglich und damit frei bearbeitbar sind. So sind auch beispielsweise Hinterschnitte realisierbar, die bei einem gegossenen Kolben nur mit aufwändigen Kernen und bei sonstigen Kolben ü- berhaupt nicht erzielt werden können. Nachdem diese Bearbeitung (und gegebenenfalls Weiterbehandlung) durchgeführt worden ist, werden die beiden dann schon zusammengefügten Teile mit dem dritten Teil versehen. Auch hier kann wieder an eine anschließende Bearbeitung (und gegebenenfalls Weiterbehandlung) gedacht werden. Nachdem alle drei Teile zusammengefügt worden sind, wird in der Regel noch eine Bearbeitung der äußeren Oberfläche des dann schon fast fertigen Kühlkanalkolbens vorgenommen, insbesondere um ihn auf Maß zu bringen. Diese Bearbeitung gilt für die äußeren Oberflächen des Kühlkanalkolbens, während in der Regel die In- nenbereiche des Kühlkanalkolbens, die in seinem Betrieb nicht mit den Laufflächen der Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine in Berührung kommen, unbearbeitet bleiben.After the at least three parts have been produced independently, they are joined together by means of a joining process, in particular by means of a friction welding process. It should be remembered that first two parts are joined and then the third part is added. It is also conceivable the simultaneous assembly of all three parts, which is more complex compared to the successive joining. The joining of initially two parts also has the advantage that at least a part or even all parts of the joining area are freely accessible in order to be processed and further treated. In the processing of the joining region, in particular the removal of a joining burr is intended, while in the further treatment, for example, the application of a protective layer or the like may be mentioned. Is it? In the area to be machined around a later cooling channel or a cavity intended for weight saving, there are high degrees of freedom in the machining of the spaces which form the cooling channel or the cavity, especially in the one- or two-stage joining process, since they are still optimally accessible and thus free are editable. For example, undercuts can be realized, which can not be achieved at all with a cast piston only with complex cores and other pistons. After this processing (and optionally further treatment) has been carried out, the two then already assembled parts are provided with the third part. Here, too, can be thought of subsequent processing (and, if necessary, further treatment). After all three parts have been joined together, a processing of the outer surface of the then almost finished cooling channel piston is usually made, in particular to bring it to measure. This processing applies to the outer surfaces of the cooling channel piston, while usually the inner regions of the cooling channel piston, which in its operation do not come into contact with the running surfaces of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine, remain unprocessed.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die zueinander gerichteten Fügebereiche zwischen dem dritten und dem ersten Teil in zumindest einer Fügeebene und die zueinander gerichteten Fügebereiche zwischen dem dritten und dem ersten Teil in zumindest einer davon abweichenden Ebene angeordnet sind. Auch hierdurch ergeben sich größere Freiheiten bei der Konstruktion der einzelnen Teile und ihrer Funktionen des Kühlkanalkolbens, wobei in besonders vorteilhafter Weise auch die fertigungstechnischen Aspekte berücksichtigt werden. So können die einander zu- gewandten Fügebereiche der jeweils beiden Teile, die in besonders vorteilhafter Weise als rotationssymmetrische Fügestege ausgebildet sind, so gestaltet werden, dass in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt zwei Teile optimal zusammengefügt und anschließend in einem nächsten Verfahrensschritt das weitere Teil an diese Teilkombination angefügt werden kann.In a development of the invention, it is provided that the mutually directed joining regions between the third and the first part are arranged in at least one joining plane and the mutually facing joining regions between the third and the first part in at least one deviating plane. This also results in greater freedom in the design of the individual parts and their functions of the cooling channel piston, which also takes into account the production engineering aspects in a particularly advantageous manner. Thus, the joint areas of the respective two parts, which are formed in a particularly advantageous manner as rotationally symmetrical joints, can be designed such that in a first process step two parts are optimally assembled and then in a next process step the further part is added to this partial combination can be.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die drei Teile des Kühlkanalkolbens derart gestaltet, dass sie nach ihrer Zusammenfügung zumindest einen hinter einem Ringfeld des Kühlkanalkolbens liegenden Kühlkanal bilden. Auch hierdurch kommt zum Ausdruck, dass die zumindest drei Teile so gestaltet sind und so zusammengefügt wer- den, dass sie gemeinsam den hinter dem Ringfeld des Kühlkanalkolbens liegenden Kühlkanal bilden. Damit tragen alle drei Teile des Kühlkanalkolbens zur Bildung des Kühlkanales bei. An dieser Stelle sei erwähnt, dass ein Teil, welches einen nach seiner Herstellung offenen Kühlkanales diesen Kühlkanal verschließt, hier nicht unter den Begriff des ersten, zweiten oder dritten Teiles fällt. Denn bei den hier beanspruchten zumindest drei Teilen handelt es sich um wesentliche Bestandteile des Kühlkanalkolbens.In a further development of the invention, the three parts of the cooling channel piston are designed such that they form at least one lying behind a ring field of the cooling channel piston cooling channel after their joining. This also expresses the fact that the at least three parts are designed and thus joined together. that they together form the lying behind the annular field of the cooling channel piston cooling channel. Thus, all three parts of the cooling channel piston contribute to the formation of the cooling channel. It should be mentioned at this point that a part which closes this cooling channel after opening its cooling channel does not fall under the concept of the first, second or third part here. Because in the claimed here at least three parts are essential components of the cooling channel piston.
Verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele von erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Kühlka- nalkolben sind im folgenden beschrieben und anhand der Figuren 1 bis 7 erläutert.Various exemplary embodiments of cooling channel pistons designed according to the invention are described below and explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Figur 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlkanalkol- bens,FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention,
Figur 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlkanalkolbens,2 shows a second embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention,
Figur 3 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlkanalkolbens,FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention,
Figur 4 ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlkanalkol- bens,FIG. 4 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention,
Figur 5 ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlkanalkolbens,FIG. 5 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention,
Figur 6 ein sechstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlkanalkol- bens,FIG. 6 shows a sixth exemplary embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention,
Figur 7 ein siebtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlkanalkolbens. Figur 1 zeigt in hälftiger Schnittansicht einen Kolben, hier einen Kühlkanalkolben 1 einer Brennkraftmaschine, der ein erstes Teil 2 (Kolbenboden) und ein zweites Teil 3 (Kolbenunterteil) aufweist. Weiterhin sind in an sich bekannter Weise eine Brenn- raummuide 4, ein radial umlaufendes Ringfeld 5 (hier mit drei Ringnuten), eine BoI- zenbohrung 6 sowie ein Kolbenschaft 7 vorhanden. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 ist ein drittes Teil 8 vorhanden, das als Zwischenteil zwischen dem ersten Teil 2 und dem zweiten Teil 3 ausgebildet ist. Hier ist sehr gut zu erkennen, dass die drei Teile 2, 3 und 8 derart gestaltet sind, dass sie nach ihrer Zusammenfügung zumindest einen in etwa hinter dem Ringfeld 5 des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 liegen- den Hohlraum oder Kühlkanal bilden, auf den noch einzugehen sein wird. Weiterhin ist dargestellt, dass das erste Teil 2 Fügebereiche 9, 10 aufweist, die in Richtung von Fügebereichen 12, 13 des dritten Teiles 8 weisen und somit mit diesen korrespondieren. Ebenso weist das zweite Teil 3 Fügebereiche 14, 15 auf, die in Richtung von Fügebereichen 16, 17 des dritten Teiles 8 weisen. Allen Fügebereichen 10 bis 17, die hier als radial umlaufende Fügestege ausgebildet sind, ist gemeinsam, dass sie hinsichtlich ihrer Anordnung zueinander aufeinander abgestimmt sind, insbesondere was die Lage in der jeweiligen Ebene und ihre Breite angeht. So liegen die Fügebereiche 9, 12 in einer ersten Fügeebene 18, die Fügebereiche 10, 13 in einer zweiten Fügeebene 19 sowie die Fügebereiche 14, 16 und 15, 17 in einer gemeinsamen drit- ten Fügeebene 20, wobei es denkbar ist, dass auch die Fügebereiche 14, 16 sowie 15, 17 in unterschiedlichen Fügeebenen liegen, genauso wie die erste Fügeebene 18 und die zweite Fügeebene 19 in ein und derselben Fügeebene angeordnet sein können. Aufgrund der Gestaltung der genannten Fügebereiche 10 bis 17 der drei Teile 2, 3 und 8 ist nicht nur ein hinter dem Ringfeld 5 des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 lie- gender Kühlkanal 21 realisiert, sondern noch ein zweiter Kühlkanal 22 vorhanden. Mit der Bezugsziffer 23 ist noch ein unterhalb der Brennraummulde 4 vorhandener Innenbereich 23 des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 bezeichnet, wobei diejenigen konstruktiven Maßnahmen zeichnerisch nicht dargestellt worden sind, die die Zufuhr und den Ablauf von Kühlmedium zu dem zumindest einen Kühlkanal 21 , 22 und den Ablauf dar- stellen. Solche Maßnahmen (wie beispielsweise Öffnungen, Bohrungen und dergleichen) sind an sich bekannt und können nach dem Zusammenfügen der drei Teile 2, 3, 8 eingebracht werden. Bezüglich des Zusammenfügens der drei Teile 2, 3, 8 ist noch auszuführen, dass diese Teile separat voneinander aus dem gleichen Material oder aus verschiedenen Materialien in ein und demselben Herstellverfahren oder in voneinander abweichenden Verfahren gefertigt und anschließend zusammengefügt werden. So wird beispielsweise zunächst das dritte Teil 8 mit dem zweiten Teil 3 in einem Reibschweißverfahren zusammengefügt, so dass die Fügestellen innerhalb des zu dem Zeitpunkt noch nach oben offenen Kühlkanales 21 bearbeitet werden können (aber nicht müssen). Anschließend erfolgt in vorteilhafter Weise ebenfalls in einem Reibschweißverfahren das Zusammenfügen der dann schon zusammengefügten Teile 3, 8 mit dem ersten Teil 2, wobei auch hier die Fügestellen bearbeitet werden können (aber ebenfalls nicht müssen). Die Bearbeitung der Fügestellen kommt dann in Betracht, wenn sie sich an Stellen befinden, die für den späteren Be- trieb des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 störend sind. So werden gerade die Fügestellen an der äußeren Oberfläche (Lauffläche) des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 beseitigt.Figure 7 shows a seventh embodiment of a cooling channel piston according to the invention. Figure 1 shows in half a sectional view of a piston, here a cooling channel piston 1 of an internal combustion engine having a first part 2 (piston crown) and a second part 3 (piston lower part). Furthermore, in a manner known per se, a combustion chamber guide 4, a radially encircling annular field 5 (here with three annular grooves), a bore bore 6 and a piston skirt 7 are provided. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, a third part 8 is provided, which is formed as an intermediate part between the first part 2 and the second part 3. Here it is very easy to see that the three parts 2, 3 and 8 are designed such that they form at least one approximately behind the ring field 5 of the cooling channel piston 1 lying cavity or cooling channel after their joining, will be discussed later , Furthermore, it is shown that the first part 2 has joining areas 9, 10, which point in the direction of joining areas 12, 13 of the third part 8 and thus correspond with them. Likewise, the second part 3 has joining areas 14, 15 which point in the direction of joining areas 16, 17 of the third part 8. All joining areas 10 to 17, which are designed here as radially circumferential joining webs, have in common that they are matched to one another in terms of their arrangement to one another, in particular as regards the position in the respective plane and its width. Thus, the joining regions 9, 12 lie in a first joining plane 18, the joining regions 10, 13 in a second joining plane 19 and the joining regions 14, 16 and 15, 17 in a common third joining plane 20, it also being conceivable that the Joining areas 14, 16 and 15, 17 lie in different joining planes, just as the first joining plane 18 and the second joining plane 19 can be arranged in one and the same joining plane. Due to the design of said joining regions 10 to 17 of the three parts 2, 3 and 8, not only is a cooling channel 21 located behind the annular field 5 of the cooling channel piston 1 realized, but also a second cooling channel 22 is present. The reference numeral 23 is still a below the combustion chamber 4 existing inner region 23 of the cooling channel piston 1, wherein those constructive measures have not been shown in the drawing, the supply and the flow of cooling medium to the at least one cooling channel 21, 22 and the process dar- put. Such measures (such as openings, bores and the like) are known per se and can after the joining of the three parts 2, 3, 8 are introduced. With regard to the joining of the three parts 2, 3, 8 is still to be stated that these parts separately from each other from the same material or from different materials in one and the same manufacturing process or in manufactured divergent methods and then assembled. Thus, for example, first the third part 8 is joined together with the second part 3 in a friction welding process, so that the joints can be processed (but not necessarily) within the cooling channel 21 which is still open at the time. Subsequently, the joining of the then already assembled parts 3, 8 with the first part 2 is carried out in an advantageous manner also in a friction welding, whereby here too the joints can be processed (but also not have). The processing of the joints is then considered when they are in places that are disturbing for the subsequent operation of the cooling channel piston 1. Thus, the joints on the outer surface (running surface) of the cooling channel piston 1 are being removed.
Figur 2 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform des Kühlkanalkolbens mit den drei Teilen 2, 3, 8, wobei hier die beiden Fügebereiche 10, 13 in der ersten Fügeebene 18 und die weiteren Fügebereiche 9, 14 sowie 15, 17 in der zweiten Fügeebene 19 miteinander korrespondieren. Hinsichtlich Herstellung und Zusammenfügung der genannten Teile gelten die genannten Ausführungen wie schon zu Figur 1.FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the cooling channel piston with the three parts 2, 3, 8, in which case the two joining regions 10, 13 in the first joining plane 18 and the further joining regions 9, 14 and 15, 17 in the second joining plane 19 correspond to one another. With regard to the production and assembly of the parts mentioned, the above statements apply as already to FIG. 1.
Figur 3 zeigt ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 , wobei hier das erste Teil 2 derart gestaltet ist, dass es nur einen Teil der Brennraummulde 4 bildet (im Gegensatz zu Figur 2, wo das erste Teil 2 die Brennraummulde 4 vollständig umfaßte). Die in Figur 3 gezeigte Gestaltungsform des ersten Teiles 2 hat den Vorteil, dass es insbesondere aus einem wärmebeständigeren Material als das Teil 8 hergestellt werden kann, um somit den Kolbenboden und vor allen Dingen auch den MuI- denrand der Brennraummulde 4 hitzebeständiger zu gestalten, da in diesen Bereichen eine besondere Belastung des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 gegeben ist. Aufgrund dieser Gestaltung der Teile 2, 3 und 8 korrespondieren die Fügebereiche 9, 14 sowie 10, 13 in der ersten Fügeebene 18 und die Fügebereiche 15, 17 in der zweiten Fügeebene miteinander und sind so gestaltet, dass sich nur ein Kühikanal 21 nach dem Zusammenfügen ergibt.Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of the cooling channel piston 1, wherein here the first part 2 is designed such that it forms only a part of the combustion chamber 4 (in contrast to Figure 2, where the first part 2, the combustion chamber 4 completely covered). The design form of the first part 2 shown in FIG. 3 has the advantage that it can be produced, in particular, from a heat-resistant material than the part 8, in order thus to make the piston crown and, above all, the peripheral edge of the combustion bowl 4 more heat-resistant in these areas a special load of the cooling channel piston 1 is given. Due to this configuration of the parts 2, 3 and 8, the joining regions 9, 14 and 10, 13 in the first joining plane 18 and the joining regions 15, 17 in the second joining plane correspond to each other and are designed so that only one Kühikanal 21 after assembly results.
Figur 4 zeigt ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 , wobei wiederum die Teile 2, 3, 8 zusammen den Kühlkanal 21 bilden, wobei hier das dritte Teil 8 als Verbindungsteil zwischen dem ersten Teil 2 und dem zweiten Teil 3 im Bereich des Ringfeldes 5 ausgebildet ist. So korrespondieren die Fügebereiche 9, 12 in der ersten Fügeebene 18, die Fügebereiche 10, 15 in der zweiten Fügeebene 19 sowie die Fügebereiche 14, 16 in der dritten Fügeebene 20 miteinander. Auch hier ist wieder deutlich erkennbar, dass die einander zugewandten Fügebereiche der jeweiligen Teile in Lage und Form zueinander übereinstimmen.Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the cooling channel piston 1, in turn, the parts 2, 3, 8 together form the cooling channel 21, in which case the third part 8 as a connecting part between the first part 2 and the second part 3 in the area of the ring field 5 is formed. Thus, the joining regions 9, 12 in the first joining plane 18, the joining regions 10, 15 in the second joining plane 19 and the joining regions 14, 16 in the third joining plane 20 correspond to one another. Again, it is clearly visible that the mutually facing joining areas of the respective parts in position and shape match each other.
Figur 5 zeigt eine Abwandlung von Figur 4, wobei hier das erste Teil 2 und das zweite Teil 3 so gestaltet sind, dass die Fügebereiche 14, 16 sowie 15, 19 gemeinsam in der zweiten Fügeebene 19 liegen und eine dritte Fügeebene nicht vorhanden ist.FIG. 5 shows a modification of FIG. 4, in which case the first part 2 and the second part 3 are designed so that the joining regions 14, 16 and 15, 19 lie together in the second joining plane 19 and a third joining plane is absent.
Die Figuren 6 und 7 zeigen den Kolben bzw. Kühlkanalkolben 1 , bei dem zumindest eines der Teile 2, 3, 8 als Bewehrung für eine Teiloberfläche des Kolbens oder des Kühlkanalkolbens 1 ausgebildet ist. In Figur 6 ist dabei das Teil 8 als Bewehrung für einen Boden und in Figur 7 als Bewehrung für den Muldenrand der Brennraummulde 4 des Kolbens oder des Kühlkanalkolbens (1) ausgebildet ist. Auch dieses Teil 8 wird insbesondere im Reibschweissverfahren unlösbar befestigt. Figures 6 and 7 show the piston or cooling channel piston 1, in which at least one of the parts 2, 3, 8 is formed as a reinforcement for a partial surface of the piston or the cooling channel piston 1. In FIG. 6, the part 8 is designed as reinforcement for a base and in FIG. 7 as reinforcement for the trough edge of the combustion chamber trough 4 of the piston or of the cooling channel piston (1). Also this part 8 is permanently attached, in particular in Reibschweissverfahren.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1. Kühlkanalkolben1. cooling channel piston
2. Erstes Teil2. First part
5 3. Zweites Teil5 3. Second part
4. Brennraummulde4. combustion chamber
5. Ringfeld5. Ring field
6. Bolzenbohrung6. Bolt hole
7. Kolbenschraft 10 8. Drittes Teil7. Piston force 10 8. Third part
9. Fügebereich9. Joining area
10. Fügebereich10. Joining area
11. Fügebereich11. Joining area
12. Fügebereich 15 13. Fügebereich12. Joining area 15 13. Joining area
14. Fügebereich14. Joining area
15. Fügebereich15. Joining area
16. Fügebereich16. Joining area
17. Erste Fügeebene 20 18. Zweite Fügeebene17. First joining plane 20 18. Second joining plane
19. Dritte Fügeebene19. Third joining level
20. Kühlkanal20. Cooling channel
21. Kühlkanal21. Cooling channel
22. Innenbereich 22. Interior

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT APPLICATIONS
1.1.
Kolben, insbesondere Kühlkanalkolben (1) einer Brennkraftmaschine, bestehend aus einem ersten Teil (2), einem zweiten Teil (3) und zumindest einem dritten Teil (8), die getrennt voneinander herstellbar und danach mittels eines Fügeverfahrens zusammenfügbar sind, wobei ein Teil, insbesondere das dritte Teil (8), einerseits in Richtung des einen Teiles, insbesondere des ersten Teiles (2), zumindest einen rotationssymmetrischen Fügebereich und andererseits in Richtung des einen Teiles, insbesondere des zweiten Teiles (3), ebenfalls zumindest einen rotationssymmetrischen Fügebereich aufweist und diese Fügebereiche mit Fügebereichen der beiden Teile, insbesondere des ersten Teiles (2) und des zweiten Teiles (3), korrespondieren.Pistons, in particular cooling channel pistons (1) of an internal combustion engine, comprising a first part (2), a second part (3) and at least a third part (8), which can be produced separately from one another and subsequently joined together by means of a joining method, wherein a part, in particular, the third part (8), on the one hand in the direction of the one part, in particular of the first part (2), at least one rotationally symmetrical joining region and on the other hand in the direction of the one part, in particular of the second part (3), also at least one rotationally symmetrical joining region and These joining areas with joining areas of the two parts, in particular of the first part (2) and the second part (3), correspond.
2.Second
Kolben, insbesondere Kühlkanalkolben (1) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass die zueinander gerichteten Fügebereiche zwischen dem dritten Teil (8) und dem ersten Teil (2) in zumindest einer Fügeebene und die zueinander gerichteten Fügebereiche zwischen dem dritten Teil (8) und dem zweiten Teil (3) in zumindest einer davon abweichenden Fügeebene angeordnet sind.Characterized in that the mutually facing joining regions between the third part (8) and the first part (2) in at least one joining plane and the mutually facing joining regions between the third part (8 ) and the second part (3) are arranged in at least one different joining plane.
3.Third
Kolben, insbesondere Kühlkanalkolben (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die drei Teile (2, 3, 8) derart gestaltet sind, dass sie nach ihrer Zusammenfügung zumindest einen in etwa hinter einem Ringfeld (5) des Kolbens bzw. Kühlkanalkolbens (1) liegenden Hohlraum und/oder Kühlkanal (21 , 22) bilden.Piston, in particular cooling channel piston (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the three parts (2, 3, 8) are designed such that they after their assembly at least one behind a ring field (5) of the piston or Cooling channel piston (1) lying cavity and / or cooling channel (21, 22) form.
4.4th
Kolben oder Kühlkanalkolben (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass das Fügeverfahren ein Reibschweissen ist. Piston or cooling channel piston (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the joining process is friction welding.
5.5th
Kolben oder Kühlkanalkolben (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Teile (2, 3, 8) aus dem gleichen Material oder einem anderen Material besteht als die jeweils anderen Teile (2, 3, 8).Piston or cooling channel piston (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the parts (2, 3, 8) made of the same material or a different material than the respective other parts (2, 3, 8).
6.6th
Kolben oder Kühlkanalkolben (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eines der Teile (2, 3, 8) als Bewehrung für eine Teiloberfläche des Kolbens oder des Kühlkanalkolbens (1) ausgebildet ist.Piston or cooling channel piston (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the parts (2, 3, 8) is designed as a reinforcement for a partial surface of the piston or the cooling channel piston (1).
7.7th
Kolben oder Kühlkanalkolben (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Bewehrung für einen Boden und/oder einen Muldenrand des Kolbens oder des Kühlkanalkolbens (1) ausgebildet ist. Piston or cooling channel piston (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that reinforcement for a bottom and / or a trough edge of the piston or the cooling channel piston (1) is formed.
EP05783061A 2005-09-17 2005-09-17 Piston, especially cooling channel piston, of an internal combustion engine, comprising three friction-welded zones Withdrawn EP1924765A1 (en)

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