DE2537182A1 - Composite piston for high performance engines - has thermal cracking preventing welding ring on piston cavity edge - Google Patents

Composite piston for high performance engines - has thermal cracking preventing welding ring on piston cavity edge

Info

Publication number
DE2537182A1
DE2537182A1 DE19752537182 DE2537182A DE2537182A1 DE 2537182 A1 DE2537182 A1 DE 2537182A1 DE 19752537182 DE19752537182 DE 19752537182 DE 2537182 A DE2537182 A DE 2537182A DE 2537182 A1 DE2537182 A1 DE 2537182A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
piston
ring
welding
attached
combustion bowl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19752537182
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hans Dr Ing Dinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Muenchen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH, MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Muenchen GmbH filed Critical MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Priority to DE19752537182 priority Critical patent/DE2537182A1/en
Publication of DE2537182A1 publication Critical patent/DE2537182A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00Pistons 
    • F02F3/28Other pistons with specially-shaped head
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05CINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00Metals
    • F05C2201/02Light metals
    • F05C2201/021Aluminium
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05CINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00Metals
    • F05C2201/04Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448Steel

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

The composite piston for an internal combustion engine has upper and lower part. The upper part has cavity for combustion chambers, and is used in high performance engines. The upper edge of the piston top face cavity is especially protected against thermal cracking. A ring of high temperature resistant material is welded on the edge (20) of the combustion chamber cavity in the piston. This ring is welded without use of filler metal by electron beam welding on the piston upper part (12) or by friction welding. A conical seat between the ring (16) and the piston upper part (12) is provided for welding. A tubular component can be welded by friction welding and excess material is removed by machining.

Description

MOTOREN- UND TURBINEN-UNION FRIEDRICHSHAFEN G GMEII Friedrichshafen Kolben Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Kolben für eine Brennkraftmaschine, der aus einem Kolbenoberteil mit einer Brennraummulde und einem Kolbenunterteil zusammengesetzt ist.ENGINE AND TURBINE UNION FRIEDRICHSHAFEN G GMEII Friedrichshafen Piston The invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine, that consists of an upper piston part with a combustion bowl and a lower piston part is composed.

Derartige mehrteilige Kolben kommen bei Hochleistungs-Brennkraftmaschinen zur Anwendung, bei denen mit Kolben aus einem einzigen Material die auftretenden Beanspruchungen nicht mehr beherrscht werden.Such multi-part pistons are used in high-performance internal combustion engines for use where pistons made of a single material are used Stresses can no longer be controlled.

Bekannt sind mehrteilige Kolben mit einem Kolbenunterteil aus einer Aluminium-Legierung und einem Kolbenoberteil aus Stahl. Bei Kolben mit einer aus verbrennungstechnischen Gründen eingezogenen Brennraummulde im Kolbenoberteil, ist der Rand der Brennraummulde die thermisch höchstbeanspruchte Stelle des ganzen Kolbens.Multi-part pistons with a lower piston part are known Aluminum alloy and a steel piston top. For pistons with one off combustion bowl retracted in the piston upper part is due to combustion reasons the edge of the combustion bowl is the most thermally stressed point of the entire piston.

Trotz hochwertigen Materials für das Kolbenoberteil entstehen am Rand der Brennraummulde infolge hoher Temperatur an dieser Stelle Spannungsrisse, wodurch die Gebrauchsdauer des Kolbens erheblich gemindert wird.Despite the high quality material for the piston top, they are created on the edge the combustion bowl due to high temperature at this point stress cracks, which the service life of the piston is significantly reduced.

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der Erfindung, bei einem mehrteiligen Kolben mit einer Brennraummulde im Kolbenoberteil einen thermisch besonders widerstandsfähigen Rand der Brennraummulde zu schaffen.It is therefore the object of the invention in the case of a multi-part piston with a combustion bowl in the upper part of the piston, it is particularly thermally resistant To create the edge of the combustion bowl.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein den Rand der Brennraummulde bildender Ring aus hochwarmfestem Material am Umfang der Brennraummuldenöffnung durch Schweißen befestigt ist. Hierdurch ist es möglich, für den Rand der Brennraummulde einen Werkstoff zu wählen, der gegen die hohe thermische Beanspruchung an dieser Stelle des Kolbens besonders widerstandsfähig ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that a the edge The ring of high temperature resistant material forming the combustion bowl on the circumference of the combustion bowl opening attached by welding. This makes it possible for the edge of the combustion bowl to choose a material that can withstand the high thermal stress on this Place of the piston is particularly resistant.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Ring durch ein Schweißverfahren ohne Verwendung von Schweißzusatzwerkstoff am Kolbenoberteil befestigt.According to the invention, the ring is without use by a welding process attached to the upper part of the piston by filler metal.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Ring durch Elektronenstrahlschweißen am Kolbenoberteil befestigt.In one embodiment of the invention, the ring is made by electron beam welding attached to the piston top.

In einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Ring durch Reibschweißen am Kolbenoberteil befestigt.In another embodiment of the invention, the ring is friction welded attached to the piston top.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Schweißnaht zwischen Ring und Kolbenoberteil auf einer konischen Verbindungsfläche angeordnet.According to the invention, the weld seam between the ring and the upper piston part arranged on a conical connecting surface.

Bei der Herstellung des Kolbenoberteils wird erfindungsgemäß ein aus dem hochwarmfesten Ringmaterial bestehen~ der Hohlzylinder, der an seinem Ende die zum Kolbenoberteil korrespondierende konische Verbindungsfläche aufweist, am Kolbenoberteil durch Reibschweißen befestigt.In the manufacture of the upper piston part, according to the invention, a is made the highly heat-resistant ring material consist of the hollow cylinder, which at its end has the has a conical connecting surface corresponding to the upper piston part, on the upper piston part attached by friction welding.

Die endgültige Formgebung des Randes der Brennraummulde erfolgt durch eine entsprechende spanende Bearbeitung.The final shape of the edge of the combustion bowl is done by corresponding machining.

Als Material für den Ring wird erfindungsgemäß Beryllium-Bronze verwendet. Dieses Material besitzt auch bei hohen Temperaturen noch eine große Zähigkeit, wodurch eine geringe Spannungsrißempfindlichkeit gegeben ist.According to the invention, beryllium bronze is used as the material for the ring. This material still has a high degree of toughness even at high temperatures, which means there is a low susceptibility to stress cracking.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß ein höchstbelastbarer Kolben auf besonders wirtschaftliche Weise herstellbar ist, und daß ein beanspruchungsgerechter Werkstoffeinsatz erreicht wird, durch den sich eine Senkung der Materialkosten ergibt.The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular: that a highly resilient piston can be produced in a particularly economical manner is, and that a load-appropriate use of material is achieved by the there is a reduction in material costs.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below.

Ein Kolben ii für eine Brennkraftmaschine besteht aus einem Kolbenoberteil 12 mit einer Brennraummulde 14 und einem Kolbenunterteil 13 mit einer Kolbenbolzenlagerung 15.A piston ii for an internal combustion engine consists of an upper piston part 12 with a combustion bowl 14 and a piston lower part 13 with a piston pin bearing 15th

Die Öffnung 21 der Brennraummulde 14 ist kleiner als ihr größter Durchmesser 22. Dadurch ergibt sich an der Brennraummulde 14 ein schmaler vorspringender Rand 20, der einer hohen thermischen Belastung ausgesetzt ist.The opening 21 of the combustion bowl 14 is smaller than its largest diameter 22. This results in a narrow protruding edge on the combustion bowl 14 20, which is exposed to high thermal loads.

Derartig gestaltete Brennräume bewirken durch eine gute Gemischbildung einen verringerten Kraftstoffverbrauch und eine Verringerung der Schadstoffemission.Combustion chambers designed in this way result in a good mixture formation a reduced fuel consumption and a reduction in pollutant emissions.

Um die Reißanfälligkeit des Randes 20 der Brennraummulde 14 zu beseitigen, ist ein Ring 16 aus einem hochwarmfesten Material, das eine geringe Spannungsrißanfälligkeit bei hohen Temperaturen-besitzt, an der Brennraummulde 14 angeordnet. Vorzugsweise wird Beryllium-Bronze als Material für den Ring 16 verwendet.In order to eliminate the susceptibility of the edge 20 of the combustion bowl 14 to tearing, is a ring 16 made of a highly heat-resistant material that has a low susceptibility to stress cracking at high temperatures-possesses, arranged on the combustion bowl 14. Preferably Beryllium bronze is used as the material for the ring 16.

Ring 16 und Kolbenoberteil 12 sind mittels Reibschweißen miteinander verbunden, wobei die Reibschweißnaht 17 auf einer konischen Verbindungsfläche angeordnet ist.Ring 16 and upper piston part 12 are friction welded to one another connected, wherein the friction weld 17 is arranged on a conical connecting surface is.

Bei der Herstellung des Kolbenoberteiles 12 wird ein aus dem hochwarmfesten Ringmaterial bestehender Hohlzylinder 18, der an seinem Ende 19 die zum Kolbenoberteil 12 korrespondierende konische Verbindungsfläche aufweist, am Kolbenoberteil 12 durch Reibschweißen befestigt. Die endgültige Formgebung des Randes 20 der Brennraummulde 14 erfolgt durch eine entsprechende spanende Bearbeitung.During the manufacture of the upper piston part 12, one is made of the highly heat-resistant Ring material existing hollow cylinder 18, which at its end 19 to the piston upper part 12 has corresponding conical connecting surface, on the piston upper part 12 through Friction weld attached. The final shape of the rim 20 of the combustion bowl 14 takes place by a corresponding machining.

Für den Fall, daß sich eine Werkstoffkombination von Ring 16 und Kolbenoberteil 12 nicht durch Reibschweißen verbinden läßt, wird der Ring 16 erfindungsgemäß durch Elektronenstrahlschweißen am Kolbenoberteil 12 befestigt.In the event that a material combination of ring 16 and piston upper part 12 can not be connected by friction welding, the ring 16 is according to the invention by Electron beam welding attached to the piston upper part 12.

Claims (7)

PatentansprücheClaims 1. Kolben für eine Brennkraftmaschine, der aus einem Kolbenoberteil mit einer Brennraummulde und einem Kolbenunterteil zusammengesetzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein den Rand (20) der Brennraummulde (14) bildender Ring (16) aus hochwarmfestem Material am Umfang der Brennraummuldenöffnung (21) durch Schweißen befestigt ist.1. Piston for an internal combustion engine, which consists of an upper piston part is composed with a combustion bowl and a piston lower part, thereby characterized in that a ring (16) forming the edge (20) of the combustion bowl (14) made of highly heat-resistant material on the circumference of the combustion bowl opening (21) by welding is attached. 2. Kolben nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ring (16) durch ein Schweißverfahren ohne Verwendung von Schweißzusatzwerkstoff am Kolbenoberteil (12) befestigt ist.2. Piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring (16) by a welding process without the use of filler metals on the piston top (12) is attached. 3. Kolben nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ring (16) durch Elektronenstrahlschweissen am Kolbenoberteil (12) befestigt ist.3. Piston according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the ring (16) is attached to the piston upper part (12) by electron beam welding. 4. Kolben nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ring (16) durch Reibschweißen am Kolbenoberteil (12) befestigt ist.4. Piston according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the ring (16) is attached to the piston upper part (12) by friction welding. 5. Kolben nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine konische Verbindungsfläche zwischen Ring (16) und Kolbenoberteil (12) für die Schweißnaht (17).5. Piston according to claims 1 to 4, characterized by a conical Connection surface between ring (16) and upper piston part (12) for the weld seam (17). 6. Kolben nach den Ansprüchen 1, 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein aus hochwarmfestem Ringmaterial bestehender Hohlzylinder (18), der an seinem einen Ende (19) die zum Kolbenoberteil (12) korrespondierende konische Verbindungsfläche auSweist, am Kolbenoberteil (12) durch Reibschweißen befestigt wird und daß die endgültige Formgebung des Randes (20) der Brennraummulde (14) durch spanende Bearbeitung erfolgt.6. Piston according to claims 1, 4 and 5, characterized in that that one made of high-temperature ring material Hollow cylinder (18), which at one end (19) corresponds to the upper piston part (12) conical connecting surface exhibits, on the piston upper part (12) by friction welding is attached and that the final shape of the edge (20) of the combustion bowl (14) takes place by machining. 7. Kolben nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Berylilum-Bronze als Material für den Ring (16) verwendet wird.7. Piston according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that Berylilum bronze is used as the material for the ring (16).
DE19752537182 1975-08-21 1975-08-21 Composite piston for high performance engines - has thermal cracking preventing welding ring on piston cavity edge Pending DE2537182A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19752537182 DE2537182A1 (en) 1975-08-21 1975-08-21 Composite piston for high performance engines - has thermal cracking preventing welding ring on piston cavity edge

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19752537182 DE2537182A1 (en) 1975-08-21 1975-08-21 Composite piston for high performance engines - has thermal cracking preventing welding ring on piston cavity edge

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2537182A1 true DE2537182A1 (en) 1977-03-03

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2371995A1 (en) * 1976-11-25 1978-06-23 Schmidt Gmbh Karl
DE19915782A1 (en) * 1999-04-08 2000-11-02 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston for an IC motor with fuel injection has a recessed zone at the piston head with an aluminum component to reinforce the recessed zone edge formed by powder metallurgy and welded to the piston blank
EP1295023A1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2003-03-26 Federal-Mogul Technology Limited Manufacturing pistons
DE102004038465A1 (en) * 2004-08-07 2006-02-23 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Cooling channel piston for internal combustion engine, has connecting part with joining areas in direction of head and base part of piston, respectively, where areas of connecting part corresponds with joining areas of head and base part
WO2007031109A1 (en) * 2005-09-17 2007-03-22 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston, especially cooling channel piston, of an internal combustion engine, comprising three friction-welded zones
DE102007018932A1 (en) * 2007-04-21 2008-10-23 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Load-optimized interior of a piston
DE102008045456A1 (en) * 2008-09-02 2010-03-04 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine
US8011288B2 (en) 2005-09-17 2011-09-06 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston, especially cooling channel piston, comprising three friction-welded zones
US8485088B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2013-07-16 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine and method for the production thereof
US8683913B2 (en) 2005-09-08 2014-04-01 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine
WO2015031565A1 (en) * 2013-08-29 2015-03-05 Federal-Mogul Corporation Double welded steel piston with full skirt
US8973484B2 (en) 2011-07-01 2015-03-10 Mahle Industries Inc. Piston with cooling gallery
US9856820B2 (en) 2010-10-05 2018-01-02 Mahle International Gmbh Piston assembly
US11162453B2 (en) 2016-05-04 2021-11-02 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2371995A1 (en) * 1976-11-25 1978-06-23 Schmidt Gmbh Karl
DE19915782A1 (en) * 1999-04-08 2000-11-02 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston for an IC motor with fuel injection has a recessed zone at the piston head with an aluminum component to reinforce the recessed zone edge formed by powder metallurgy and welded to the piston blank
DE19915782C2 (en) * 1999-04-08 2001-03-01 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Pistons for internal combustion engines
EP1295023A1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2003-03-26 Federal-Mogul Technology Limited Manufacturing pistons
DE102004038465A1 (en) * 2004-08-07 2006-02-23 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Cooling channel piston for internal combustion engine, has connecting part with joining areas in direction of head and base part of piston, respectively, where areas of connecting part corresponds with joining areas of head and base part
US8683913B2 (en) 2005-09-08 2014-04-01 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine
US8011288B2 (en) 2005-09-17 2011-09-06 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston, especially cooling channel piston, comprising three friction-welded zones
WO2007031109A1 (en) * 2005-09-17 2007-03-22 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston, especially cooling channel piston, of an internal combustion engine, comprising three friction-welded zones
US8485088B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2013-07-16 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine and method for the production thereof
DE102007018932A1 (en) * 2007-04-21 2008-10-23 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Load-optimized interior of a piston
DE102008045456A1 (en) * 2008-09-02 2010-03-04 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine
US8434400B2 (en) 2008-09-02 2013-05-07 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine
US9856820B2 (en) 2010-10-05 2018-01-02 Mahle International Gmbh Piston assembly
US8973484B2 (en) 2011-07-01 2015-03-10 Mahle Industries Inc. Piston with cooling gallery
WO2015031565A1 (en) * 2013-08-29 2015-03-05 Federal-Mogul Corporation Double welded steel piston with full skirt
US9702317B2 (en) 2013-08-29 2017-07-11 Federal-Mogul Llc Double welded steel piston with full skirt
US11162453B2 (en) 2016-05-04 2021-11-02 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston

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