EP1908952B1 - Injector for a fuel injection system - Google Patents

Injector for a fuel injection system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1908952B1
EP1908952B1 EP20070114227 EP07114227A EP1908952B1 EP 1908952 B1 EP1908952 B1 EP 1908952B1 EP 20070114227 EP20070114227 EP 20070114227 EP 07114227 A EP07114227 A EP 07114227A EP 1908952 B1 EP1908952 B1 EP 1908952B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
piston
needle
pressure
booster
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20070114227
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1908952A2 (en
EP1908952A3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Christoph Magel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1908952A2 publication Critical patent/EP1908952A2/en
Publication of EP1908952A3 publication Critical patent/EP1908952A3/en
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Publication of EP1908952B1 publication Critical patent/EP1908952B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0078—Valve member details, e.g. special shape, hollow or fuel passages in the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/025—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive hydraulic, e.g. with pressure amplification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/025—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive hydraulic, e.g. with pressure amplification
    • F02M57/026—Construction details of pressure amplifiers, e.g. fuel passages or check valves arranged in the intensifier piston or head, particular diameter relationships, stop members, arrangement of ports or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/042—The valves being provided with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0045—Three-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injector for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle.
  • the injector according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage over the prior art that a pressure intensifier for amplifying the injection pressure is arranged in a needle section, an injector body consisting of the needle section and an actuator section. Said actuator section and the needle section thereby form the injector, wherein between the two sections an intermediate plate is arranged, which may be formed either as a separate component or as part of an injector, and at least one injection hole is provided in the needle portion through which fuel can be injected into a combustion chamber.
  • the arranged in the needle section pressure booster is used to increase the fuel injection pressure against a system pressure and thereby helps to improve the performance of the internal combustion engine while reducing the pollutant emissions thereof.
  • a nozzle chamber which communicates with the at least one injection hole is under high pressure during operation of the injector, so that correspondingly thick and expensive material has to be used.
  • Due to the arrangement of the pressure booster in the needle section of the nozzle chamber can be made significantly smaller and limited to the needle section substantially, so that only this still has to be formed of thick or expensive material.
  • the integration of the pressure booster in the needle section reduces an axial length of the injector, which can be defused in modern engine compartments always tense space situation.
  • the number of highly precise parts is reduced by a built-in needle section pressure intensifier, which can also reduce the manufacturing cost.
  • the high loads during injection of the fuel are limited to the needle portion in the combustion chamber, so that in particular the Aktorabites compared to previously known injectors can have a significantly lower strength and at the same time structurally simpler and easier to build , which also contributes to the reduction of manufacturing costs.
  • the needle portion can also be made in one piece in order to further reduce the manufacturing costs.
  • the pressure booster has a piston which is mounted so that it can be adjusted in the needle section, wherein the piston in the needle section delimits a nozzle chamber communicating with the at least one injection hole.
  • the piston forms together with the needle portion of the nozzle chamber, which is spatially highly limited, whereby parts that limit the nozzle space and therefore must withstand high loads, must be provided only in this area. It is conceivable here that the needle section is made of one piece and is thus produced inexpensively.
  • the piston in particular by a hollow piston, a structurally simple pressure transmission can be effected, wherein the piston as described, the nozzle chamber and at the same time limits a translator, which for Translation of the system pressure is provided in the higher injection pressure.
  • Such hollow piston can be produced relatively inexpensively and with high precision, which can be achieved on the one hand low unit costs and on the other hand, a high product quality. In addition, they have in comparison to known stepped piston the great advantage that a double guide can be omitted.
  • a valve piston with a first and a second valve seat is arranged adjustable in stroke, wherein in a first stroke end position of the first valve seat closed and the second valve seat is open and opened in a second stroke end of the first valve seat and the second valve seat closed is.
  • the two valve seats act together in such a way that in the first Hubend ein a pressure equalization between a rod control room and a surrounding pressure chamber can be achieved, while in the second Hubend ein the rod control room is communicatively connected to a return.
  • the actuator section delimits a pressure space in which an actuator, in particular a piezoelectric actuator, is arranged.
  • the arrangement of the actuator within the injector body, especially within the Aktorabiteses and in a pressure chamber makes it possible to accommodate this space-saving and protected at the same time in the injector.
  • the sealing of the pressure chamber takes place, for example, via a spring device which presses the actuator with a frusto-conical sealing region into an opening formed in a complementary manner to the sealing region in an end plate of the actuator section and thus seals it.
  • an injector 1 comprises an actuator section 2, a needle section 3 and an intermediate plate 4 arranged between actuator section 2 and needle section 3, which can be designed either as a separate component or as part of an injector housing.
  • the actuator section 2 and the needle section 3 are usually firmly connected to each other by means of a connecting element, not shown, in particular in the form of a union nut.
  • the needle section 3 has at least one injection hole 5 through which fuel can be injected into an injection space (not shown).
  • a pressure booster 6 is arranged in the needle section 3, which generates an injection pressure of the fuel, which is significantly higher than the usual system pressure of the injector 1.
  • an actuator 7 in particular a piezoelectric actuator, arranged and indeed within a pressure chamber 9, which is circumferentially bounded by the actuator section 2.
  • the actuator 7 is connected via electrical connection lines 8 with a control device, not shown, which activates or deactivates the actuator 7.
  • the actuator 7 Connected to the pressure chamber 9 with a pressure accumulator 11, which stores a certain amount of befindlichem under system pressure fuel.
  • the pressure accumulator 11 may also be formed as a pressure source.
  • the actuator 7 On its side facing away from the needle section 3, the actuator 7 has a frusto-conical taper with which it engages in a complementary opening formed in an end wall 12 of the Aktorabêtes 2 and thereby seals the pressure chamber 9 in the direction of the end wall 12.
  • the actuator 7 At its end opposite the frusto-conical section, the actuator 7 has a sealing sleeve 13 mounted axially displaceably thereon, which is prestressed by a spring device 14a with a sealing edge against one side of the actuator section 2.
  • valve piston 15 which is mounted adjustable in stroke in the above-mentioned side of Aktorabêtes 2 Aktorabêtes 2 and peripherally the sealing sleeve.
  • the valve piston 15 has a first valve seat 16 and a second valve seat 17, wherein in a first stroke end position (cf. Fig. 1 ) The first valve seat 16 is closed and the second valve seat 17 is opened and opened in a second, not shown Hubend ein the first valve seat 16 and the second valve seat 17 is closed.
  • valve piston pressure chamber 18 which is otherwise limited by the intermediate plate 4.
  • valve piston 15 At its end facing the needle section 3, the valve piston 15 is surrounded by a pressure chamber 9 ', which is connected to a rod control chamber 20 via a coupling path 19 passing through the intermediate plate 4.
  • the rod control chamber 20 is axially bounded on the one hand by the intermediate plate 4 and on the other hand by a control rod 27 and circumferentially by a control sleeve 21.
  • a further pressure chamber 9 " is arranged, which communicates with the valve piston pressure chamber 18 via a coupling path 19a
  • Control sleeve 21 is preferably biased by a spring device 14 'against the intermediate plate 4.
  • a pressure booster 6 is arranged, which has a piston 22 which is mounted adjustable in height in the needle section 3.
  • the piston 22 delimits the end face together with the needle portion 3 a nozzle chamber 23, while circumferentially together with the needle portion 3 limits a translator 24.
  • Hubver here arranged in the piston 22 and the nozzle chamber 23 is a nozzle needle 25, in which according to the Fig. 1 to 3 a coupling path 19b is integrated, which connects the nozzle chamber 23 with the booster chamber 24 of the pressure booster 6 hydraulically.
  • the coupling path 19b is preferably throttled, in particular it may have a throttle device 26.
  • the control rod 27 is arranged, which dips one end in the booster chamber 24 and the other end in the rod control chamber 20 and limits this.
  • a coupling path 19c Coaxially inside the control rod 27 there is a coupling path 19c, which connects the rod control chamber 20 to the translator chamber 24 connects hydraulically.
  • the nozzle needle 25 facing the end, the control rod 27 can close the coupling path 19b.
  • a spring device 14b is provided, which biases the control rod 27 away from the nozzle needle 25.
  • the piston 22 has a collar 28, on which a spring device 14c on the one hand is supported and biases this collar 28 away from a needle-side-side stop 29.
  • the term collar 28 is hereby used purely by way of example, so that a different form of impact is also to be encompassed by the invention.
  • the piston 22 may also be formed as a stepped piston, wherein a design as a hollow piston - as in the Fig. 2 to 4 shown - is advantageous because this can be omitted a structurally complex double guide.
  • An injection process of the injector 1 according to the Fig. 1 takes place essentially as follows.
  • the entire injector 1 is under a, in the pressure accumulator 11 and in the pressure source existing hydraulic pressure, such as a rail pressure, the actuator 7 is deactivated and the nozzle needle 25, the at least one injection hole 5 closes.
  • the valve piston 15 moves downward, whereby the first valve seat 16 is opened and the second valve seat 17 is closed.
  • the rod control chamber 20 is connected via the coupling path 19 with the pressure chamber 9 'and via this with a return 30.
  • the pressure relief in the rod control chamber 20 also takes place a pressure relief in the booster chamber 24, whereby the piston designed as a stepped piston 22 moves downward and generates the high injection pressure in the nozzle chamber 23.
  • the nozzle needle 25 moves by the pressure drop in the booster chamber 24 upwards, whereby the at least one injection hole 5 is opened and the injection begins.
  • the actuator 7 is deactivated or discharged, whereupon the valve piston 15 moves back upwards into its starting position.
  • This closes the first valve seat 16 and opens the second valve seat 17, whereby a pressure equalization takes place from the rod control chamber 20 via the coupling path 19a and the valve piston pressure chamber 18 or the coupling path 19a with the pressure chamber 9 " of the coupling path 19d, in turn, the rail pressure prevailing in the pressure accumulator 11.
  • the pressure booster 6 or the piston 22 moves in the reverse manner in FIG its starting position back and the nozzle needle 25 closes the at least one injection hole. 5
  • the injector 1 according to the Fig. 2 is the Aktorabites 2 essentially the same in Fig. 1 whereas the needle section 3 differs.
  • the control rod 27 is now guided only in a short piece in, designed as a hollow piston piston 22 and the booster chamber 24 is formed much more compact around the control rod 27 around.
  • the nozzle chamber 23 has a larger volume, wherein likewise the coupling path 19b is arranged between the nozzle chamber 23 and the translator chamber 24.
  • the operation of the injector according to the Fig. 2 is similar to the operation of the injector 1 according to the Fig. 1 ,
  • the actuator section 2 is identical to the actuator section 2 according to FIGS Fig. 1 and 2 constructed, while in the needle section 3, the nozzle needle 25 at its, designed as a hollow piston piston 22 end facing a sealing sleeve 13 ', which is mounted adjustable in stroke on the nozzle needle 25 and which is biased by a spring means 14e against an axial end face of the piston 22.
  • the sealing sleeve 13 ' is guided on the nozzle needle 25 and forms with respect to the piston formed as a hollow piston 22 of the booster 6, a sealing edge.
  • the spring device 14e is therefore designed so that the sealing sleeve 13 'lifts off the piston 22 when resetting the pressure booster 6 or the piston 22 and thereby allows a filling of the nozzle chamber 23 with fuel.
  • an injector 1 is shown, which in its needle portion 3 has a fixedly connected to the needle portion 3 guide piston 31, on which at one end the nozzle needle 25 and the other end of the piston formed as a hollow piston 22 are guided.
  • at least one hydraulic path 32 is provided, which connects a compression space 34 of the pressure booster 6 with the nozzle chamber 23 hydraulically.
  • a hydraulic path 32 can be made, for example, by a slight flattening of the otherwise circular circumference of the guide piston 31, also called fingerschliff.
  • a coupling path 19e is provided, which connects the booster chamber 24 with a needle control chamber 33 hydraulically.
  • a check valve 35 is arranged, which in the open state, the booster chamber 24 and the needle control chamber 33 connects to a compression space 34 and is permeable only in the direction of the compression space 34 at a corresponding pressure.
  • the nozzle needle 25 according to the Fig. 4 designed as a small needle piston, which is guided on the fixed guide piston 31.
  • the guide piston 31 is compressed, for example, with the needle portion 3 of the injector 1, wherein, as mentioned above, corresponding hydraulic paths 32 are provided between the nozzle chamber 23 and the compression space 34.
  • the piston 22 facing the end of the guide piston 31 is guided in the piston 22, wherein the check valve 35 is provided for filling the compression space 34.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Injektor für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug.The present invention relates to an injector for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle.

Im modernen Fahrzeugbau wird es zunehmend wichtiger, die Schadstoffemissionen der Brennkraftmaschinen so weit zu reduzieren, dass diese gesetzlich eingeforderte Grenzwerte erfüllen oder sogar darunter liegen. Ein wirksamer Weg zur Reduzierung der Schadstoffemission wird insbesondere bei hubgesteuerten Common-Rail-Systemen dahingehend beschritten, dass ein Einspritzdruck an eine Motordrehzahl angepasst wird. Hierbei hat sich gezeigt, dass insbesondere ein hoher Einspritzdruck zu einer Reduzierung der Schadstoffemission und zur Erzielung einer hohen Leistung beiträgt. Ein hoher Einspritzdruck wird dabei beispielsweise bei Common-Rail-Einspritzsystemen von einem im Injektor angeordneten Druckverstärker erzeugt. Die Integration eines derartigen Druckverstärkers ist jedoch aufwändig und teuer und erhöht darüber hinaus eine Bauhöhe des Injektors, wie in DE 102004015744 , was bei einem immer knapper werdenden Bauraumangebot im Motorraum unvorteilhaft ist.In modern vehicle construction, it is becoming increasingly important to reduce the pollutant emissions of internal combustion engines to such an extent that these legally required limit values are met or even lower. An effective way to reduce the emission of pollutants is taken in particular in stroke-controlled common rail systems to the effect that an injection pressure is adapted to an engine speed. It has been shown that, in particular, a high injection pressure contributes to a reduction of the pollutant emission and to the achievement of a high performance. In the case of common-rail injection systems, for example, a high injection pressure is generated by a pressure amplifier arranged in the injector. However, the integration of such a pressure booster is complicated and expensive and also increases a height of the injector, as in DE 102004015744 What is unfavorable in an increasingly scarce space in the engine compartment.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße Injektor mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat gegenüber dem Stand der Technik den Vorteil, dass ein zum Verstärken des Einspritzdruckes vorhandener Druckübersetzer in einem Nadelabschnitt, eines aus dem Nadelabschnitt und einem Aktorabschnitt bestehenden Injektorkörpers angeordnet ist. Der genannte Aktorabschnitt und der Nadelabschnitt bilden dabei den Injektor, wobei zwischen den beiden Abschnitten eine Zwischenplatte angeordnet ist, die entweder als separates Bauteil oder als Bestandteil eines Injektorgehäuses ausgebildet sein kann, und im Nadelabschnitt wenigstens ein Spritzloch vorgesehen ist, durch welches Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum eingedüst werden kann. Der im Nadelabschnitt angeordnete Druckübersetzer dient zur Erhöhung des Kraftstoffeinspritzdruckes gegenüber einem Systemdruck und hilft dadurch die Leistung der Brennkraftmaschine zu verbessern und gleichzeitig die Schadstoffemissionen derselben zu reduzieren. Insbesondere ein mit dem wenigstens einen Spritzloch kommunizierender Düsenraum steht beim Betrieb des Injektors unter einem hohen Druck, so dass entsprechend dickes und teures Material verwendet werden muss. Durch die Anordnung des Druckübersetzers im Nadelabschnitt kann der Düsenraum deutlicher kleiner ausgebildet und im wesentlichen auf den Nadelabschnitt begrenzt werden, so dass lediglich dieser noch aus dickem bzw. teurem Material ausgebildet werden muss. Darüber hinaus verringert die Integration des Druckübersetzers in den Nadelabschnitt eine axiale Baulänge des Injektors, wodurch sich die in modernen Motorräumen stets angespannte Bauraumsituation entschärfen lässt. Des Weiteren wird durch einen in den Nadelabschnitt integrierten Druckübersetzer die Anzahl hoch präziser Teile reduziert, wodurch sich ebenfalls die Fertigungskosten absenken lassen können. Von letztlich entscheidendem Vorteil ist aber, dass die hohen Belastungen beim Einspritzen des Kraftstoffes in den Brennraum auf den Nadelabschnitt beschränkt sind, so dass insbesondere der Aktorabschnitt im Vergleich zu bisher bekannten Injektoren eine deutlich geringere Festigkeit aufweisen kann und zugleich konstruktiv einfacher und leichter gebaut werden kann, was ebenfalls zur Senkung der Fertigungskosten beiträgt. Hierbei kann der Nadelabschnitt auch aus einem Stück hergestellt sein, um die Fertigungskosten weiter zu reduzieren.The injector according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage over the prior art that a pressure intensifier for amplifying the injection pressure is arranged in a needle section, an injector body consisting of the needle section and an actuator section. Said actuator section and the needle section thereby form the injector, wherein between the two sections an intermediate plate is arranged, which may be formed either as a separate component or as part of an injector, and at least one injection hole is provided in the needle portion through which fuel can be injected into a combustion chamber. The arranged in the needle section pressure booster is used to increase the fuel injection pressure against a system pressure and thereby helps to improve the performance of the internal combustion engine while reducing the pollutant emissions thereof. In particular, a nozzle chamber which communicates with the at least one injection hole is under high pressure during operation of the injector, so that correspondingly thick and expensive material has to be used. Due to the arrangement of the pressure booster in the needle section of the nozzle chamber can be made significantly smaller and limited to the needle section substantially, so that only this still has to be formed of thick or expensive material. In addition, the integration of the pressure booster in the needle section reduces an axial length of the injector, which can be defused in modern engine compartments always tense space situation. Furthermore, the number of highly precise parts is reduced by a built-in needle section pressure intensifier, which can also reduce the manufacturing cost. Ultimately decisive advantage, however, is that the high loads during injection of the fuel are limited to the needle portion in the combustion chamber, so that in particular the Aktorabschnitt compared to previously known injectors can have a significantly lower strength and at the same time structurally simpler and easier to build , which also contributes to the reduction of manufacturing costs. In this case, the needle portion can also be made in one piece in order to further reduce the manufacturing costs.

Der Druckübersetzer weist einen Kolben auf, der im Nadelabschnitt hubverstellbar gelagert ist, wobei der Kolben im Nadelabschnitt einen, mit dem wenigstens einen Spritzloch kommunizierenden Düsenraum begrenzt. Dabei bildet der Kolben zusammen mit dem Nadelabschnitt den Düsenraum, welcher räumlich stark begrenzt ist, wodurch Teile, die den Düsenraum begrenzen und daher hohe Belastungen aushalten müssen, lediglich in diesem Bereich vorgesehen werden müssen. Denkbar ist hierbei, dass der Nadelabschnitt aus einem Stück hergestellt ist und dadurch kostengünstig zu produzierten ist. Durch den Kolben, insbesondere durch einen Hohlkolben, kann eine konstruktiv einfache Druckübersetzung bewirkt werden, wobei der Kolben wie beschrieben, den Düsenraum und zugleich einen Übersetzerraum begrenzt, welcher zur Übersetzung des Systemdrucks in den höheren Einspritzdruck vorgesehen ist. Derartige Hohlkolben lassen sich relativ kostengünstig und mit hoher Präzision herstellen, wodurch sich einerseits geringe Stückkosten und andererseits eine hohe Produktqualität erreichen lassen. Außerdem weisen sie im Vergleich zu bekannten Stufenkolben den großen Vorteil auf, dass eine Doppelführung entfallen kann.The pressure booster has a piston which is mounted so that it can be adjusted in the needle section, wherein the piston in the needle section delimits a nozzle chamber communicating with the at least one injection hole. In this case, the piston forms together with the needle portion of the nozzle chamber, which is spatially highly limited, whereby parts that limit the nozzle space and therefore must withstand high loads, must be provided only in this area. It is conceivable here that the needle section is made of one piece and is thus produced inexpensively. By the piston, in particular by a hollow piston, a structurally simple pressure transmission can be effected, wherein the piston as described, the nozzle chamber and at the same time limits a translator, which for Translation of the system pressure is provided in the higher injection pressure. Such hollow piston can be produced relatively inexpensively and with high precision, which can be achieved on the one hand low unit costs and on the other hand, a high product quality. In addition, they have in comparison to known stepped piston the great advantage that a double guide can be omitted.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist im Aktorabschnitt ein Ventilkolben mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Ventilsitz hubverstellbar angeordnet, wobei in einer ersten Hubendstellung der erste Ventilsitz geschlossen und der zweite Ventilsitz geöffnet ist und in einer zweiten Hubendstellung der erste Ventilsitz geöffnet und der zweite Ventilsitz geschlossen ist. Die beiden Ventilsitze wirken dabei derart zusammen, dass in der ersten Hubendstellung ein Druckausgleich zwischen einem Stangensteuerraum und einem diesen umgebenden Druckraum erreicht werden kann, während in der zweiten Hubendstellung der Stangensteuerraum mit einem Rücklauf kommunizierend verbunden ist. Darüber hinaus ist denkbar, dass der Aktorabschnitt einen Druckraum begrenzt, in welchem ein Aktor, insbesondere ein Piezo-Aktor, angeordnet ist. Die Anordnung des Aktors innerhalb des Injektorkörpers, speziell innerhalb des Aktorabschnittes und in einem Druckraum macht es möglich, diesen platzsparend und gleichzeitig geschützt im Injektor unterzubringen. Die Abdichtung des Druckraumes erfolgt dabei beispielsweise über eine Federeinrichtung, welche den Aktor mit einem kegelstumpfartigen Dichtungsbereich in eine komplementär zum Dichtungsbereich ausgebildete Öffnung in einer Stirnplatte des Aktorabschnitts eindrückt und dadurch abdichtet.In an advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, a valve piston with a first and a second valve seat is arranged adjustable in stroke, wherein in a first stroke end position of the first valve seat closed and the second valve seat is open and opened in a second stroke end of the first valve seat and the second valve seat closed is. The two valve seats act together in such a way that in the first Hubendstellung a pressure equalization between a rod control room and a surrounding pressure chamber can be achieved, while in the second Hubendstellung the rod control room is communicatively connected to a return. In addition, it is conceivable that the actuator section delimits a pressure space in which an actuator, in particular a piezoelectric actuator, is arranged. The arrangement of the actuator within the injector body, especially within the Aktorabschnittes and in a pressure chamber makes it possible to accommodate this space-saving and protected at the same time in the injector. The sealing of the pressure chamber takes place, for example, via a spring device which presses the actuator with a frusto-conical sealing region into an opening formed in a complementary manner to the sealing region in an end plate of the actuator section and thus seals it.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Injektors ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus der Zeichnung und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnung.Further important features and advantages of the injector according to the invention will become apparent from the subclaims, from the drawing and from the associated description of the figures with reference to the drawing.

Zeichnungendrawings

Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Injektors sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im Folgenden näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Komponenten beziehen.Embodiments of the injector according to the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail below, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.

Es zeigen, jeweils schematisch,

Fig. 1
einen stark vereinfachten Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Injektor,
Fig. 2 bis 4
eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 1, jedoch mit jeweils einem unterschiedlichen Druckübersetzer im Nadelabschnitt.
Show, in each case schematically,
Fig. 1
a greatly simplified longitudinal section through an injector according to the invention,
Fig. 2 to 4
a representation like in Fig. 1 , but each with a different pressure booster in the needle section.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Entsprechend den Fig. 1 bis 4 umfasst ein Injektor 1 einen Aktorabschnitt 2, einen Nadelabschnitt 3 und eine zwischen Aktorabschnitt 2 und Nadelabschnitt 3 angeordnete Zwischenplatte 4, die entweder als separates Bauteil oder als Bestandteil eines Injektorgehäuses ausgebildet sein kann. Dabei sind üblicherweise der Aktorabschnitt 2 und der Nadelabschnitt 3 mit Hilfe eines nicht dargestellten Verbindungselementes, insbesondere in der Art einer Überwurfmutter, fest miteinander verbunden. An seinem, dem Aktorabschnitt 2 abgewandten Ende, weist der Nadelabschnitt 3 zumindest ein Spritzloch 5 auf, durch welches Kraftstoff in einen nicht gezeigten Einspritzraum einspritzbar ist. Des Weiteren ist im Nadelabschnitt 3 ein Druckübersetzer 6 angeordnet, welcher einen Einspritzdruck des Kraftstoffes erzeugt, der deutlich höher als der übliche Systemdruck des Injektors 1 ist. Im Aktorabschnitt 2 ist ein Aktor 7, insbesondere ein Piezo-Aktor, angeordnet und zwar innerhalb eines Druckraumes 9, welcher umfangsseitig vom Aktorabschnitt 2 begrenzt ist. Der Aktor 7 ist über elektrische Verbindungsleitungen 8 mit einer nicht gezeigten Steuereinrichtung verbunden, welche den Aktor 7 aktiviert bzw. deaktiviert.According to the Fig. 1 to 4 For example, an injector 1 comprises an actuator section 2, a needle section 3 and an intermediate plate 4 arranged between actuator section 2 and needle section 3, which can be designed either as a separate component or as part of an injector housing. In this case, the actuator section 2 and the needle section 3 are usually firmly connected to each other by means of a connecting element, not shown, in particular in the form of a union nut. At its end facing away from the actuator section 2, the needle section 3 has at least one injection hole 5 through which fuel can be injected into an injection space (not shown). Furthermore, a pressure booster 6 is arranged in the needle section 3, which generates an injection pressure of the fuel, which is significantly higher than the usual system pressure of the injector 1. In Aktorabschnitt 2, an actuator 7, in particular a piezoelectric actuator, arranged and indeed within a pressure chamber 9, which is circumferentially bounded by the actuator section 2. The actuator 7 is connected via electrical connection lines 8 with a control device, not shown, which activates or deactivates the actuator 7.

Verbunden ist der Druckraum 9 mit einem Druckspeicher 11, welcher einen gewisse Menge an unter Systemdruck befindlichem Kraftstoff, speichert. Dabei kann der Druckspeicher 11 auch als Druckquelle ausgebildet sein. Auf seiner, dem Nadelabschnitt 3 abgewandten Seite, weist der Aktor 7 eine kegelstumpfartige Verjüngung auf, mit welcher er in eine komplementär dazu ausgebildete Öffnung in einer Stirnwand 12 des Aktorabschnittes 2 eingreift und dadurch den Druckraum 9 in Richtung der Stirnwand 12 abdichtet. An seinem, dem kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt gegenüberliegenden Ende weist der Aktor 7 eine, an diesem axial verschiebbar gelagerte Dichthülse 13 auf, welche über eine Federeinrichtung 14a mit einer Dichtkante gegen eine Seite des Aktorabschnittes 2 vorgespannt ist. Dabei begrenzen der Aktor 7, eben beschriebene Seite des Aktorabschnittes 2 und umfangsseitig die Dichthülse 13 einen Aktordruckraum 10. Axial gegenüberliegend des Aktors 7 ist der Aktordruckraum 10 durch einen Ventilkolben 15 begrenzt, welcher hubverstellbar in oben erwähnter Seite des Aktorabschnittes 2 gelagert ist. Der Ventilkolben 15 besitzt dabei einen ersten Ventilsitz 16 und einen zweiten Ventilsitz 17, wobei in einer ersten Hubendstellung (vergleiche Fig. 1) der erste Ventilsitz 16 geschlossen und der zweite Ventilsitz 17 geöffnet ist und in einer zweiten, nicht gezeigten Hubendstellung der erste Ventilsitz 16 geöffnet und der zweite Ventilsitz 17 geschlossen ist.Connected to the pressure chamber 9 with a pressure accumulator 11, which stores a certain amount of befindlichem under system pressure fuel. In this case, the pressure accumulator 11 may also be formed as a pressure source. On its side facing away from the needle section 3, the actuator 7 has a frusto-conical taper with which it engages in a complementary opening formed in an end wall 12 of the Aktorabschnittes 2 and thereby seals the pressure chamber 9 in the direction of the end wall 12. At its end opposite the frusto-conical section, the actuator 7 has a sealing sleeve 13 mounted axially displaceably thereon, which is prestressed by a spring device 14a with a sealing edge against one side of the actuator section 2. In this case, limit the actuator 7, just described page of Axial opposite of the actuator 7, the Aktordruckraum 10 is limited by a valve piston 15 which is mounted adjustable in stroke in the above-mentioned side of Aktorabschnittes 2 Aktorabschnittes 2 and peripherally the sealing sleeve. The valve piston 15 has a first valve seat 16 and a second valve seat 17, wherein in a first stroke end position (cf. Fig. 1 ) The first valve seat 16 is closed and the second valve seat 17 is opened and opened in a second, not shown Hubendstellung the first valve seat 16 and the second valve seat 17 is closed.

Auf seinem, dem Aktordruckraum 10 abgewandten Ende begrenzt der Ventilkolben 15 in seiner zweiten Hubendstellung einen Ventilkolbendruckraum 18, der ansonsten von der Zwischenplatte 4 begrenzt ist. An seinem dem Nadelabschnitt 3 zugewandten Ende ist der Ventilkolben 15 von einem Druckraum 9' umgeben, welcher über einen, durch die Zwischenplatte 4 verlaufenden Kopplungspfad 19 mit einem Stangensteuerraum 20 verbunden ist. Der Stangensteuerraum 20 wird dabei einerseits von der Zwischenplatte 4 und andererseits von einer Steuerstange 27 axial begrenzt und umfangsseitig von einer Steuerhülse 21. Radial außerhalb des Stangensteuerraums 20 ist ein weiterer Druckraum 9" angeordnet, welcher über einen Kopplungspfad 19a mit dem Ventilkolbendruckraum 18 kommuniziert. Die Steuerhülse 21 ist dabei vorzugsweise über eine Federeinrichtung 14' gegen die Zwischenplatte 4 vorgespannt.On its, the Aktordruckraum 10 remote from the end of the valve piston 15 limits in its second stroke end position a valve piston pressure chamber 18, which is otherwise limited by the intermediate plate 4. At its end facing the needle section 3, the valve piston 15 is surrounded by a pressure chamber 9 ', which is connected to a rod control chamber 20 via a coupling path 19 passing through the intermediate plate 4. The rod control chamber 20 is axially bounded on the one hand by the intermediate plate 4 and on the other hand by a control rod 27 and circumferentially by a control sleeve 21. Radially outside the rod control chamber 20 is a further pressure chamber 9 "is arranged, which communicates with the valve piston pressure chamber 18 via a coupling path 19a Control sleeve 21 is preferably biased by a spring device 14 'against the intermediate plate 4.

Im Nadelabschnitt 3 ist, wie eingangs erwähnt, ein Druckübersetzer 6 angeordnet, welcher einen Kolben 22 aufweist, der im Nadelabschnitt 3 hubverstellbar gelagert ist. Der Kolben 22 begrenzt dabei stirnendseitig zusammen mit dem Nadelabschnitt 3 einen Düsenraum 23, während er umfangsseitig zusammen mit dem Nadelabschnitt 3 einen Übersetzerraum 24 begrenzt. Im Kolben 22 und im Düsenraum 23 hubverstellbar angeordnet ist eine Düsennadel 25, in welche gemäß der Fig. 1 bis 3 ein Kopplungspfad 19b integriert ist, der den Düsenraum 23 mit dem Übersetzerraum 24 des Druckübersetzers 6 hydraulisch verbindet. Dabei ist der Kopplungspfad 19b vorzugsweise gedrosselt, insbesondere kann er eine Drosseleinrichtung 26 aufweisen.In the needle section 3, as mentioned above, a pressure booster 6 is arranged, which has a piston 22 which is mounted adjustable in height in the needle section 3. The piston 22 delimits the end face together with the needle portion 3 a nozzle chamber 23, while circumferentially together with the needle portion 3 limits a translator 24. Hubverstellbar arranged in the piston 22 and the nozzle chamber 23 is a nozzle needle 25, in which according to the Fig. 1 to 3 a coupling path 19b is integrated, which connects the nozzle chamber 23 with the booster chamber 24 of the pressure booster 6 hydraulically. In this case, the coupling path 19b is preferably throttled, in particular it may have a throttle device 26.

Axial anschließend an die Düsennadel 25 ist die Steuerstange 27 angeordnet, welche einenends in den Übersetzerraum 24 und anderenends in den Stangensteuerraum 20 eintaucht bzw. diese begrenzt. Dabei verläuft koaxial innerhalb der Steuerstange 27 ein Kopplungspfad 19c, welcher den Stangensteuerraum 20 mit dem Übersetzerraum 24 hydraulisch verbindet. Mit seinem, der Düsennadel 25 zugewandten Ende, kann die Steuerstange 27 den Kopplungspfad 19b verschließen. Dabei ist eine Federeinrichtung 14b vorgesehen, welche die Steuerstange 27 von der Düsennadel 25 weg vorspannt. An seinem, dem Düsenraum 23 abgewandten Ende weist der Kolben 22 einen Kragen 28 auf, an welchem sich eine Federeinrichtung 14c einerseits abstützt und diesen Kragen 28 von einem nadelabschnittseitigen Anschlag 29 weg vorspannt. Der Begriff Kragen 28 ist hierbei jedoch rein exemplarisch verwandt, so dass auch eine andere Anschlagsform von der Erfindung mit umfasst sein soll.Axial then to the nozzle needle 25, the control rod 27 is arranged, which dips one end in the booster chamber 24 and the other end in the rod control chamber 20 and limits this. Coaxially inside the control rod 27 there is a coupling path 19c, which connects the rod control chamber 20 to the translator chamber 24 connects hydraulically. With his, the nozzle needle 25 facing the end, the control rod 27 can close the coupling path 19b. In this case, a spring device 14b is provided, which biases the control rod 27 away from the nozzle needle 25. At its end facing away from the nozzle chamber 23, the piston 22 has a collar 28, on which a spring device 14c on the one hand is supported and biases this collar 28 away from a needle-side-side stop 29. However, the term collar 28 is hereby used purely by way of example, so that a different form of impact is also to be encompassed by the invention.

Wie aus der Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, kann der Kolben 22 auch als Stufenkolben ausgebildet sein, wobei eine Ausbildung als Hohlkolben - wie in den Fig. 2 bis 4 gezeigt - von Vorteil ist, da hierbei eine konstruktiv aufwendige Doppelführung entfallen kann.Like from the Fig. 1 can be seen, the piston 22 may also be formed as a stepped piston, wherein a design as a hollow piston - as in the Fig. 2 to 4 shown - is advantageous because this can be omitted a structurally complex double guide.

Ein Einspritzvorgang des Injektors 1 gemäß der Fig. 1 erfolgt dabei im wesentlichen wie folgt.An injection process of the injector 1 according to the Fig. 1 takes place essentially as follows.

Im Ruhezustand steht der gesamte Injektor 1 unter einem, im Druckspeicher 11 bzw. in der Druckquelle vorhandenen, hydraulischen Druck, z.B. einem Raildruck, wobei der Aktor 7 deaktiviert ist und die Düsennadel 25 das zumindest eine Spritzloch 5 verschließt. Bei einer Aktivierung des Aktors 7 bewegt sich der Ventilkolben 15 nach unten, wodurch der erste Ventilsitz 16 geöffnet und der zweite Ventilsitz 17 geschlossen wird. Dadurch wird der Stangensteuerraum 20 über den Kopplungspfad 19 mit dem Druckraum 9' und über diesen mit einem Rücklauf 30 verbunden. Durch die Druckentlastung im Stangensteuerraum 20 erfolgt auch eine Druckentlastung im Übersetzerraum 24, wodurch sich der als Stufenkolben ausgebildete Kolben 22 nach unten bewegt und im Düsenraum 23 den hohen Einspritzdruck erzeugt. Gleichzeitig bewegt sich auch die Düsennadel 25 durch den Druckabfall im Übersetzerraum 24 nach oben, wodurch das wenigstens eine Spritzloch 5 geöffnet wird und die Einspritzung beginnt. Zum Beenden der Einspritzung wird der Aktor 7 deaktiviert bzw. entladen, woraufhin der Ventilkolben 15 nach oben in seine Ausgangsstellung zurückverfährt. Dadurch schließt sich der erste Ventilsitz 16 und öffnet sich der zweite Ventilsitz 17, wodurch ein Druckausgleich vom Stangensteuerraum 20 über den Kopplungspfad 19a und den Ventilkolbendruckraum 18 bzw. den Kopplungspfad 19a mit dem Druckraum 9" stattfindet. In all den genannten Räumen baut sich daher aufgrund des Kopplungspfades 19d wiederum der im Druckspeicher 11 herrschende Raildruck auf. Anschließend verfährt der Druckübersetzer 6 bzw. der Kolben 22 in umgekehrter Weise in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück und die Düsennadel 25 verschließt das zumindest eine Spritzloch 5.At rest, the entire injector 1 is under a, in the pressure accumulator 11 and in the pressure source existing hydraulic pressure, such as a rail pressure, the actuator 7 is deactivated and the nozzle needle 25, the at least one injection hole 5 closes. Upon activation of the actuator 7, the valve piston 15 moves downward, whereby the first valve seat 16 is opened and the second valve seat 17 is closed. As a result, the rod control chamber 20 is connected via the coupling path 19 with the pressure chamber 9 'and via this with a return 30. By the pressure relief in the rod control chamber 20 also takes place a pressure relief in the booster chamber 24, whereby the piston designed as a stepped piston 22 moves downward and generates the high injection pressure in the nozzle chamber 23. At the same time the nozzle needle 25 moves by the pressure drop in the booster chamber 24 upwards, whereby the at least one injection hole 5 is opened and the injection begins. To end the injection, the actuator 7 is deactivated or discharged, whereupon the valve piston 15 moves back upwards into its starting position. This closes the first valve seat 16 and opens the second valve seat 17, whereby a pressure equalization takes place from the rod control chamber 20 via the coupling path 19a and the valve piston pressure chamber 18 or the coupling path 19a with the pressure chamber 9 " of the coupling path 19d, in turn, the rail pressure prevailing in the pressure accumulator 11. Subsequently, the pressure booster 6 or the piston 22 moves in the reverse manner in FIG its starting position back and the nozzle needle 25 closes the at least one injection hole. 5

Bei dem Injektor 1 gemäß der Fig. 2 ist der Aktorabschnitt 2 im wesentlichen gleich aufgebaut in Fig. 1, wogegen sich der Nadelabschnitt 3 unterscheidet. Die Steuerstange 27 ist nunmehr nur noch in einem kurzen Stück im, als Hohlkolben ausgebildeten Kolben 22 geführt und der Übersetzerraum 24 ist deutlich kompakter um die Steuerstange 27 herum ausgebildet. Gleichzeitig besitzt der Düsenraum 23 ein größeres Volumen, wobei ebenfalls zwischen dem Düsenraum 23 und dem Übersetzerraum 24 der Kopplungspfad 19b angeordnet ist. Die Funktionsweise des Injektors gemäß der Fig. 2 gestaltet sich jedoch ähnlich der Funktionsweise des Injektors 1 gemäß der Fig. 1.In the injector 1 according to the Fig. 2 is the Aktorabschnitt 2 essentially the same in Fig. 1 whereas the needle section 3 differs. The control rod 27 is now guided only in a short piece in, designed as a hollow piston piston 22 and the booster chamber 24 is formed much more compact around the control rod 27 around. At the same time, the nozzle chamber 23 has a larger volume, wherein likewise the coupling path 19b is arranged between the nozzle chamber 23 and the translator chamber 24. The operation of the injector according to the Fig. 2 However, it is similar to the operation of the injector 1 according to the Fig. 1 ,

Beim Injektor 1 gemäß der Fig. 3 ist wiederum der Aktorabschnitt 2 identisch zum Aktorabschnitt 2 gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 aufgebaut, während im Nadelabschnitt 3 die Düsennadel 25 an ihrem, dem als Hohlkolben ausgebildeten Kolben 22 zugewandten Ende eine Dichthülse 13' aufweist, welche hubverstellbar an der Düsennadel 25 gelagert ist und welche über eine Federeinrichtung 14e gegen eine axiale Stirnseite des Kolbens 22 vorgespannt ist. Dabei ist die Dichthülse 13' auf der Düsennadel 25 geführt und bildet gegenüber dem als Hohlkolben ausgebildeten Kolben 22 des Druckverstärkers 6 eine Dichtkante aus. Dadurch können Lagetoleranzen zwischen der Düsennadel 25 und dem Kolben 22 ausgeglichen werden. Eine Befüllung des Düsenraumes 23 erfolgt über die Dichthülse 13'. Die Federeinrichtung 14e ist deshalb so ausgelegt, dass die Dichthülse 13' beim Rückstellen des Druckübersetzers 6 bzw. des Kolbens 22 vom Kolben 22 abhebt und dadurch eine Befüllung des Düsenraumes 23 mit Kraftstoff ermöglicht.In the injector 1 according to the Fig. 3 in turn, the actuator section 2 is identical to the actuator section 2 according to FIGS Fig. 1 and 2 constructed, while in the needle section 3, the nozzle needle 25 at its, designed as a hollow piston piston 22 end facing a sealing sleeve 13 ', which is mounted adjustable in stroke on the nozzle needle 25 and which is biased by a spring means 14e against an axial end face of the piston 22. In this case, the sealing sleeve 13 'is guided on the nozzle needle 25 and forms with respect to the piston formed as a hollow piston 22 of the booster 6, a sealing edge. As a result, positional tolerances between the nozzle needle 25 and the piston 22 can be compensated. A filling of the nozzle chamber 23 via the sealing sleeve 13 '. The spring device 14e is therefore designed so that the sealing sleeve 13 'lifts off the piston 22 when resetting the pressure booster 6 or the piston 22 and thereby allows a filling of the nozzle chamber 23 with fuel.

Schließlich ist in Fig. 4 ein Injektor 1 gezeigt, welcher in seinem Nadelabschnitt 3 einen fest mit dem Nadelabschnitt 3 verbundenen Führungskolben 31 aufweist, auf welchem einenends die Düsennadel 25 und anderenends der als Hohlkolben ausgebildete Kolben 22 geführt sind. Zwischen dem Führungskolben 31 und dem Nadelabschnitt 3 ist zumindest ein Hydraulikpfad 32 vorgesehen, welcher einen Kompressionsraum 34 des Druckübersetzers 6 mit dem Düsenraum 23 hydraulisch verbindet. Ein derartiger Hydraulikpfad 32 kann beispielsweise durch eine geringe Abflachung des ansonsten kreisrunden Umfangs des Führungskolbens 31, auch Freischliff genannt, erfolgen. Koaxial innerhalb des Führungskolbens 31 ist ein Kopplungspfad 19e vorgesehen, welcher den Übersetzerraum 24 mit einem Nadelsteuerraum 33 hydraulisch verbindet. Dabei ist im Verlauf des Kopplungspfades 19e ein Rückschlagventil 35 angeordnet, das in geöffnetem Zustand den Übersetzerraum 24 und den Nadelsteuerraum 33 mit einem Kompressionsraum 34 verbindet und ausschließlich in Richtung des Kompressionsraumes 34 bei entsprechendem Druck durchlässig ist. Dabei ist die Düsennadel 25 gemäß der Fig. 4 als kleiner Nadelkolben ausgebildet, welcher auf dem feststehenden Führungskolben 31 geführt ist. Der Führungskolben 31 ist beispielsweise mit dem Nadelabschnitt 3 des Injektors 1 verpresst, wobei, wie oben erwähnt, entsprechende Hydraulikpfade 32 zwischen dem Düsenraum 23 und dem Kompressionsraum 34 vorgesehen sind. Das dem Kolben 22 zugewandte Ende des Führungskolbens 31 ist im Kolben 22 geführt, wobei das Rückschlagventil 35 zum Befüllen des Kompressionsraumes 34 vorgesehen ist. Im Übrigen ist die Funktionsweise, insbesondere im Aktorabschnitt 2, des Injektors 1 mit der Funktionsweise der Injektoren 1 gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 vergleichbar.Finally, in Fig. 4 an injector 1 is shown, which in its needle portion 3 has a fixedly connected to the needle portion 3 guide piston 31, on which at one end the nozzle needle 25 and the other end of the piston formed as a hollow piston 22 are guided. Between the guide piston 31 and the needle portion 3, at least one hydraulic path 32 is provided, which connects a compression space 34 of the pressure booster 6 with the nozzle chamber 23 hydraulically. Such a hydraulic path 32 can be made, for example, by a slight flattening of the otherwise circular circumference of the guide piston 31, also called freischliff. Coaxially within the guide piston 31, a coupling path 19e is provided, which connects the booster chamber 24 with a needle control chamber 33 hydraulically. It is in the Course of the coupling path 19 e, a check valve 35 is arranged, which in the open state, the booster chamber 24 and the needle control chamber 33 connects to a compression space 34 and is permeable only in the direction of the compression space 34 at a corresponding pressure. In this case, the nozzle needle 25 according to the Fig. 4 designed as a small needle piston, which is guided on the fixed guide piston 31. The guide piston 31 is compressed, for example, with the needle portion 3 of the injector 1, wherein, as mentioned above, corresponding hydraulic paths 32 are provided between the nozzle chamber 23 and the compression space 34. The piston 22 facing the end of the guide piston 31 is guided in the piston 22, wherein the check valve 35 is provided for filling the compression space 34. Incidentally, the functioning, in particular in the actuator section 2, of the injector 1 with the functioning of the injectors 1 according to the Fig. 1 to 3 comparable.

Claims (8)

  1. Injector (1) for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle,
    - having an injector body which has an actuator portion (2) and a needle portion (3), wherein at least one spray hole (5) is provided in the needle portion (3),
    - having a nozzle needle (25) which is arranged, such that it can perform a stroke movement, in the needle portion (3) and which serves to control an injection of fuel through the at least one spray hole (5),
    - having a pressure booster (6) for increasing a fuel injection pressure in relation to a system pressure,
    - wherein the pressure booster (6) is arranged in the needle portion (3),
    characterized
    - in that the pressure booster (6) has a piston (22) which is mounted, such that it can perform a stroke movement, in the needle portion (3),
    - in that the piston (22) delimits, in the needle portion (3), a nozzle chamber (23) which communicates with the at least one spray hole (5).
  2. Injector according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    - in that a valve piston (15) having a first and a second valve seat (16, 17) is arranged, such that it can perform a stroke movement, in the actuator portion (2), wherein the first valve seat (16) is closed and the second valve seat (17) is open in a first stroke end position, and vice versa in a second stroke end position, and/or
    - in that the actuator portion (2) delimits a pressure chamber (9) in which an actuator (7) is arranged.
  3. Injector according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized
    - in that the nozzle needle (25) is guided, such that it can perform a stroke movement, in the piston (22), and/or
    - in that there is integrated into the nozzle needle (25) a coupling path (19b) which connects the nozzle chamber (23) to a booster chamber (24) of the pressure booster (6),
    - in that the coupling path (19b) is throttled.
  4. Injector according to Claim 3,
    characterized
    - in that a control rod (27) is provided which protrudes at one end into the booster chamber (24) and at the other end into a rod control chamber (20),
    - in that, coaxially within the control rod (27), there is formed a coupling path (19c) which hydraulically connects the booster chamber (24) and the rod control chamber (20) to one another.
  5. Injector according to Claim 4,
    characterized
    in that a control sleeve (21) is provided on an end, which faces towards the actuator portion (2), of the control rod (27).
  6. Injector according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized
    in that the nozzle needle (25) has, at its end facing towards the piston (22), a sealing sleeve (13') which is mounted, such that it can perform a stroke movement, on the nozzle needle (25) and which is preloaded against an axial end side of the piston (22) by means of a spring device (14e).
  7. Injector according to either of Claims 1 and 2,
    characterized
    - in that a guide piston (31) is provided which is connected fixedly to the needle portion (3) and on one end of which the nozzle needle (25) is guided and on the other end of which the piston (22) is guided,
    - in that, between the guide piston (31) and the needle portion (3), there is provided at least one hydraulic path (32) which hydraulically connects a compression chamber (34) of the pressure booster (6) to the nozzle chamber (23).
  8. Injector according to Claim 7,
    characterized
    - in that, in the guide piston (31), there is provided a coupling path (19e) which hydraulically connects the booster chamber (24) to a needle control chamber (33),
    - in that, in the coupling path (19e), there is arranged a check valve (35) which, in the open state, connects the booster chamber (24) and the needle control chamber (33) to the compression chamber (34) and through which flow can pass exclusively in the direction of the compression chamber (34).
EP20070114227 2006-10-05 2007-08-13 Injector for a fuel injection system Not-in-force EP1908952B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610047133 DE102006047133A1 (en) 2006-10-05 2006-10-05 Injector for a fuel injection system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1908952A2 EP1908952A2 (en) 2008-04-09
EP1908952A3 EP1908952A3 (en) 2009-05-13
EP1908952B1 true EP1908952B1 (en) 2012-06-06

Family

ID=38896969

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20070114227 Not-in-force EP1908952B1 (en) 2006-10-05 2007-08-13 Injector for a fuel injection system

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1908952B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102006047133A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009001104A1 (en) * 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh fuel injector
FI122557B (en) * 2009-04-02 2012-03-30 Waertsilae Finland Oy Fuel injection arrangement for a piston engine
DE102009055267A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2011-06-30 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Pressure compensated fuel injector with bypass and minimized valve volume
GB201204878D0 (en) * 2012-03-20 2012-05-02 Lietuvietis Vilis I Nil inertia fuel pressure actuated inward opening direct injector
DE102012210953A1 (en) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
DE102012110240A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2014-04-30 L'orange Gmbh Fuel injection injector for internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10250722A1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve for controlling liquids with a pressure medium supply
DE102004015744A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Common rail injector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006047133A1 (en) 2008-04-10
EP1908952A2 (en) 2008-04-09
EP1908952A3 (en) 2009-05-13

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