Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
  • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
  • G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
  • G01R31/379—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator for lead-acid batteries
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
  • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
  • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
  • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for detecting predeterminable sizes of an electrical memory with the features of claim 1.
• quantities of an electrical energy or charge storage are determined for a motor vehicle, with predeterminable sizes include the performance, the storage capability or the type of electrical storage.
• Energy storage in the motor vehicle electrical system for example in the context of electrical energy management, usually methods are used, which use to a certain extent a priori knowledge about the energy storage used. Such methods are described for example in DE 199 59 019. Such knowledge about the energy storage used use e.g. the rated capacity or the cold start current to the desired sizes linen- u. Storage capacity to be determined.
• the a priori data of the battery state detection must be communicated when installing or replacing the energy store. This can be done in the workshop by appropriate coding, but is not practical when changing the battery by the end user. In addition, errors in the coding can not be excluded.
• Another possibility is provided by adaptive model-based methods for battery state detection, which autonomously determine, for example, the parameters relevant to the power or storage capability continuous measurement of current, voltage u. Adapt the temperature of the energy storage. These methods are dependent on a sufficient on-board network dynamics and cyclization of the energy storage for a quick adaptation of the desired parameters, since an active intervention in the electrical system is not approved by the vehicle manufacturer or too expensive and therefore too expensive.
• Battery has adapted. This applies in particular to the battery capacity, for the adaptation of which current charging / discharging strokes of> 20-30% nominal capacity are required. Another aspect is that in general not all relevant parameters for power and storage capability can be adapted, otherwise the procedure would be too costly, the measured quantities current, voltage, temperature would not be sufficient or the energy storage would have to be operated at operating points. that does not normally occur in the vehicle, for example, overcharging or low state of charge.
• the inventive method for detecting predeterminable sizes of an electrical memory with the features of claim 1 has the advantage of enabling rapid detection of the memory type and the parameters of the memory type and to carry out the adaptation of relevant for the determination of power and / or storage capacity parameters. It is particularly suitable to be used for an electrical storage in a vehicle electrical system, such as a lead acid battery and to get along from the continuous measurement of current, voltage and temperature without conditioning the storage or battery type or active stimulation of the electrical system.
• the type and the parameters of the electrical energy store can also be determined much faster compared to the known model-based methods.
• the method according to the invention allows a reliable statement about the performance and storage capacity of the exchanged within a few minutes of the first operating phase Energy storage. This is particularly important for safety-critical applications such as x-by-wire applications, so that it is recognized as quickly as possible whether the exchanged energy storage or the exchanged energy is approved for this application and the subsidized performance or storage capability can basically.
• Days are adapted.
• One such slow adaptable parameter is the battery capacity. Since the rapidly adaptable parameters correlate with the slowly adaptable parameters, the latter, in particular the battery capacity, is deduced from the rapidly adaptable parameters, taking account of predefinable estimation routines and estimation errors. By comparing the determined parameters with stored parameters, the type of battery used can be detected.
• the method according to the invention can also detect whether an exchange of the energy storage has taken place at all or whether the possibly aged battery is only used for other purposes, e.g. for recharging in a charger was disconnected from the electrical system.
• time constants of RC elements with small time constants, which consist of specifiable resistors and
• Assemble capacities of the electrical storage or the ohmic internal resistance of the electrical storage are selected.
• the equivalent capacity of the electrical memory is selected.
• Parameters with stored parameters can be reliably concluded on the performance and / or the storage capability or whether it is the energy storage is an approved energy storage whether an exchange of memory has occurred. It is particularly advantageous that a distance measure is formed from the adapted and the non-adapted parameters, which is compared with the stored parameters for the recognition of the predeterminable variables and that from the comparison result on the predeterminable size, in particular the memory type is concluded.
• the distance measure can be formed depending on the error square or on absolute values of predefinable parameters. Relative error squares of predeterminable parameters or parameter sets can be determined, depending on the current accuracy of the estimated parameter and its significance for a particular memory type, taking into account the significance by means of weighting factors.
• the advantage here is that quickly adaptable parameters contribute more to the distance measure than slow ones whose
• parameters are weighted with respect to their significance for distinguishing the different memory types, and the parameter with the greatest relative variance is most heavily weighted with respect to the memory type, in particular the battery type, and vice versa.
• FIG. 1 essentially describes the equivalent circuit diagram of a lead-acid battery and FIG. 2 shows essential to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a flowchart with essential method steps.
• the basic idea behind the invention is that certain parameters (seconds to minutes) of an electrical energy store, for example a lead-acid battery, correlate with parameters that are rather slowly adaptable (hours to days) such as the battery capacity, so that after the transient of the battery quickly adaptable parameters can be concluded on the slowly adaptable parameters.
• FIG. 1 Essential parameters or sizes of an electrical storage device, for example a lead-acid battery or a lead-acid battery, are given in FIG.
• the equivalent circuit of a lead-acid battery shows the following relationships:
• Uco open-circuit voltage
• U k concentration polarization
• U Dp penetration polarization of the positive electrode
• U Dn penetration polarization of the negative electrode
• R 1 resistive internal resistance (lead grid + acid)
• C 0 replacement capacity of the battery
• R DP , C DP resistance and capacity of the positive electrode double layer
• R Dn5 C Dn resistance and capacitance of the negative electrode double layer
• the replacement capacity C 0 of the battery is typically in starter batteries in the
• Replacement capacity C 0 can be adapted. Furthermore, the ohmic internal resistance R 1, at least in the case of a new battery and based on the fixed state of charge and temperature, also provides an indication of the replacement capacity since this decreases as the battery capacity increases.
• the parameter set p_ Batt the currently built-in battery is closest to the following "distance measure" is used for the adapted parameters:
• the absolute value can also be used, for example.
• the rel. Error squares of the individual parameters are determined by the factor m individually weighted for each of the m parameters of a parameter set as a function of the current accuracy of the estimated parameter and its significance for a particular battery type. If, for example, the parameters estimated with a Kalman filter, this provides for each parameter and its error variance P p i m; Batt, so that the weighting factors for the following approach offers:
• Variance threshold Ps C hweiie limited to the maximum value of 1.
• step S3 by minimizing the distance measures closest to the estimated parameter set, and replacing the slow or unadaptable parameters with those of the selected parameter set.
• step S3 it can be decided whether a battery replacement ever existed and whether, if the stored parameter sets were too large, a battery that was not intended for the intended purpose was exchanged:
• step S4 the condition is checked if min (D 2 0 .. n ) ⁇ D 2 ⁇
• step S4 If YES in step S4, it is checked in step S6 if k> 0.
• inventive method according to the main claim including the advantageous developments are carried out with the aid of an evaluation, in particular a computational insight or a control device, such as a battery control unit or a
• On-board control unit represents and in addition to suitable processors also includes storage means.
• the variables required for carrying out the method are measured by suitable means, for example sensors and fed to the evaluation and processed by this optionally after a treatment.
• FIG 2 are essential to the invention Means of the evaluation device shown.
• a processor P in which the methods according to the invention run, one or more memories SP, into which initial values are stored, which can be accessed by the processor P. Measurements can also be taken continuously in the memories SP.
• a display A may indicate the determined state of charge or the battery type and so on.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=36868791

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (5)

Citations (4)

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• 2005
  • 2005-07-05 DE DE102005031254A patent/DE102005031254A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-05-11 JP JP2008519878A patent/JP5495560B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-05-11 EP EP06755142A patent/EP1902326A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2006-05-11 WO PCT/EP2006/062229 patent/WO2007003460A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2006-05-11 KR KR1020087000277A patent/KR101077765B1/ko active IP Right Grant

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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