EP1891609B1 - Method for analysing a presence in a space - Google Patents

Method for analysing a presence in a space Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1891609B1
EP1891609B1 EP06778587.3A EP06778587A EP1891609B1 EP 1891609 B1 EP1891609 B1 EP 1891609B1 EP 06778587 A EP06778587 A EP 06778587A EP 1891609 B1 EP1891609 B1 EP 1891609B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
shadow
space
airlock
light beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06778587.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1891609A2 (en
Inventor
Jean-Christophe Fondeur
Laurent Lambert
Gilles Monteilliet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Idemia Identity and Security France SAS
Original Assignee
Morpho SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Morpho SA filed Critical Morpho SA
Priority to PL06778587T priority Critical patent/PL1891609T3/en
Publication of EP1891609A2 publication Critical patent/EP1891609A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1891609B1 publication Critical patent/EP1891609B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19602—Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/32—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
    • G07C9/37—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of analyzing a presence in a space, used in particular in automated systems for controlling access to places or people identification.
  • the analysis does not focus on the body itself but on the shadow on it on a screen.
  • the image of the shadow on the screen is a binary image whose processing is relatively easy.
  • the analysis of the body shadow is thus more simple, reliable and fast than the analysis of the body itself and requires relatively limited computer resources.
  • the source of the light beam and the screen can easily be arranged to overcome environmental constraints.
  • the intensity and wavelength of the light beam and the color of the screen can be chosen to limit the influence of ambient lighting on the density of the shadow on the screen; the source of the light beam and the screen can be positioned so as to remain discrete (the source of the light beam can for example be arranged in height and the screen can be formed by the ground and / or the bottom of the walls delimiting the space)...
  • two light beams are projected towards the screen in non-parallel directions.
  • the two bodies If two bodies are aligned in the direction of the first light beam, the two bodies project on the screen a shadow which can correspond to that which would carry only one of the bodies. However, the two bodies are then not aligned in the direction of the second light beam which will cause the appearance on the screen of a representative shadow of the two bodies.
  • the light beam has a wavelength located outside a visible range.
  • the analysis comprises a phase of detection of gray levels of the shadow on the screen.
  • the method of the invention is here described in application to a system of authorization of access to a place to analyze the presence of individuals.
  • the access authorization system comprises an airlock generally designated 1, having side walls 2, 3, extending vertically from the ground 4 to define a corridor 5 at the ends of which are provided an inlet 6 and an outlet 7 closed by doors.
  • the airlock 1 houses an identification device 8 which functions for example by fingerprint or iris recognition and which, known in itself, has not been detailed in the present description.
  • the airlock 1 is equipped with a light source 9 fixed in height on the side wall 2 to emit a light beam 10 in the corridor 5 in the direction of a screen 11 formed on a lower part of the side wall 3.
  • the light source 9 is arranged to produce a light beam 10 such that if an individual passes between the light source 9 and the screen 11, at least a portion of the individual carries a shadow on the screen 11.
  • the screen is in particular chosen in line with the lighting so that a drop shadow on the screen stands out clearly on this one.
  • the light beam 10 here has a wavelength comprised in the infrared spectrum and the screen 11 is here an opaque surface of uniform color, in this case white.
  • the airlock 1 is equipped with a camera 12 fixed to the airlock, here above the entrance 4, to provide images of the screen 11.
  • the camera 12 is connected to an image processing unit 13 known in itself and able to distinguish gray levels on the images provided by the camera 12.
  • the processing unit 13 provides the processing unit 13 a signal representative of at least one image on which the processing unit 13 can detect two areas of high gray levels standing out on a white area (the gray levels are shown schematically in the diagram of the figure 3 ).
  • the screen 11 has known characteristics (since the screen 11 is chosen by the user), its contribution to the signal is known and can be neglected or retained as a reference, the variations of the signal not resulting this contribution of the screen being the result of a shadow on the screen. It is thus possible to analyze a presence in space 5 from a single image.
  • the processing unit 13 emits a warning signal to warn an operator so that he comes to note the presence of the individuals and asks an explanation to them.
  • the access authorization system according to the second embodiment comprises an airlock 1 identical to that of the first embodiment.
  • the airlock 1 is however here equipped with two light sources 20, 21 arranged to project in the corridor 5 two light beams 22, 23 to a screen 24 in non-parallel directions.
  • the beams can also be parallel but offset in space.
  • the screen 24 is positioned in the airlock 1 as in the first embodiment.
  • the screen 24 is in the second embodiment a translucent screen and a camera 25 is disposed on one side of the screen 24 opposite to the light sources 20, 21.
  • the processing unit 13 supplies the processing unit 13 at least one image on which the processing unit 13 can detect two zones of average gray levels 26, 27 (corresponding to the shadow resulting from the obstruction of only one of the light beams 22, 23) on either side of a large high gray level zone 28 (corresponding to the superposition of the shadows resulting from the obstruction of the light beams 22, 23) coming off a white zone (the gray levels are shown schematically on the diagram of the figure 5 ).
  • the image provided by the camera 25 then comprises two areas of average gray levels (corresponding to the shadow resulting from obstructing only one of the light beams 22, 23) on either side of a relatively narrow high gray level area (corresponding to the superposition of the shadows resulting from the obstruction of the light beams 22, 23) standing out on a white area.
  • the processing unit 13 emits a warning signal to warn an operator so that he comes to note the presence of the individuals and asks an explanation to them.
  • the number of light sources may be greater than two and / or a light source may be movable to scan the space to be monitored.
  • the light source may be arranged to emit a light beam whose spectrum is located in the visible range or outside thereof.
  • the light source may be a flash synchronized with a shooting device.
  • the screen can be an opaque or translucent surface, flat or curved, without continuity solution or formed of offset vertical blades (so that the camera can see the shadow on the screen while having its optical axis perpendicular to the screen).
  • the shadow can be analyzed from the illuminated side of the screen or, for example when the screen is translucent, the shadow can be analyzed from a side of the screen opposite to a source of the light beam.
  • the screen may be formed by a part of the floor or ceiling and / or by a lower part of an adjoining wall.
  • the analysis can be performed on one or more images.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'analyse d'une présence dans un espace, utilisable notamment dans des systèmes automatisés de contrôle d'accès à des lieux ou d'identification de personnes.The present invention relates to a method of analyzing a presence in a space, used in particular in automated systems for controlling access to places or people identification.

ARRIERE PLAN DE L'INVENTIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Dans les lieux à accès contrôlé, tels que les locaux contenant des informations sensibles ou renfermant des matières ou des objets dangereux ou précieux, il est de plus en plus fréquent de recourir à des systèmes automatiques d'autorisation d'accès comportant par exemple un dispositif d'identification par reconnaissance d'empreinte digitale ou d'iris pour vérifier que les personnes tentant d'accéder à ces lieux sont bien titulaires d'une autorisation d'accès. Ces dispositifs assurent une identification relativement fiable des personnes se soumettant au contrôle. Toutefois, ces seuls dispositifs ne permettent pas d'empêcher qu'un fraudeur, qui ne se serait pas soumis au contrôle d'identification, pénètre dans le lieu à accès contrôlé en même temps qu'une personne ayant satisfait au contrôle d'identification.In places with controlled access, such as premises containing sensitive information or containing dangerous or valuable materials or objects, it is more and more common to use automatic access authorization systems including for example a device identification by fingerprint or iris recognition to verify that persons attempting to access these places are in possession of an access authorization. These devices provide a relatively reliable identification of the people submitting to the control. However, these devices alone do not make it possible to prevent a fraudster, who has not submitted himself to the identification check, to enter the controlled access place at the same time as a person who has satisfied the identification check.

Pour obvier à cet inconvénient, il est courant d'utiliser des barrières de type tourniquet. Un fraudeur peut toutefois sauter cette barrière de sorte que le risque d'un accès du fraudeur est relativement important. En outre, ce type de barrière limite le flux de circulation et n'est guère pratique pour l'usager transportant des bagages ou pour une personne à mobilité réduite comme les personnes âgées ou les handicapés moteurs.To overcome this disadvantage, it is common to use tourniquet type barriers. A fraudster can, however, skip this barrier so that the risk of fraudulent access is relatively high. In addition, this type of barrier limits the flow of traffic and is not practical for the user carrying luggage or for a person with reduced mobility such as the elderly or the disabled.

Il est connu par example du EP 1 037 181 A2 , des systèmes de surveillance des accès mettant en oeuvre une caméra et un logiciel de traitement d'images permettant de détecter automatiquement le nombre de personnes qui tentent d'accéder au lieu surveillé. Un tel traitement d'images est complexe, gourmand en ressources informatiques et relativement long. Il n'est de plus efficace que si la ou les personnes tentant d'accéder au lieu se distinguent nettement de l'arrière-plan de l'image à traiter.It is known for example from EP 1 037 181 A2 , access monitoring systems using a camera and image processing software to automatically detect the number of people attempting to access the monitored location. Such image processing is complex, resource intensive and relatively long. he is more effective only if the person or persons trying to access the place are clearly distinguishable from the background of the image to be treated.

On a pensé à utiliser des dispositifs d'identification et des systèmes de surveillance dans les aéroports pour surveiller l'accès des passagers aux salles d'embarquement. Pour se faire, on a imaginé de disposer des sas aux entrées des salles d'embarquement pour canaliser les passagers et y héberger le dispositif d'identification et le dispositif de surveillance. Afin d'éviter que les passagers ne se sentent oppressés dans le sas, le sas est délimité en majorité par des parois transparentes. Cependant, dans une telle application, l'arrière-plan et l'éclairage du sas ne sont pas maîtrisés de sorte que les dispositifs de surveillance du type précité sont difficilement utilisables. En outre, le temps de traitement de l'image s'avère relativement élevé.The use of airport identification devices and surveillance systems was considered to monitor passenger access to boarding lounges. To do so, it was imagined to have the airlock at entrances to boarding halls to channel passengers and host the identification device and the monitoring device. In order to avoid the passengers feeling oppressed in the airlock, the airlock is mostly defined by transparent walls. However, in such an application, the background and the illumination of the airlock are not controlled so that the monitoring devices of the aforementioned type are difficult to use. In addition, the processing time of the image is relatively high.

OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Il serait donc intéressant de disposer d'un moyen permettant d'analyser de manière simple et fiable une présence dans un espace en limitant l'influence de contraintes extérieures sur l'analyse.It would be interesting to have a way to analyze in a simple and reliable way a presence in a space by limiting the influence of external constraints on the analysis.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTIONBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A cet effet, on prévoit, selon l'invention, un procédé d'analyse d'une présence dans un espace selon la revendication 1 qui comporte entre outre les étapes de :

  • projeter dans l'espace et en direction d'un écran au moins un faisceau lumineux de telle manière qu'au moins une partie d'un corps qui serait présent dans l'espace porte une ombre sur l'écran,
  • analyser l'ombre portée sur l'écran.
For this purpose, there is provided, according to the invention, a method of analyzing a presence in a space according to claim 1 which further comprises the steps of:
  • projecting into the space and towards a screen at least one light beam such that at least a portion of a body that would be present in the space carries a shadow on the screen,
  • analyze the drop shadow on the screen.

Ainsi, l'analyse ne porte pas sur le corps lui-même mais sur l'ombre portée sur celui-ci sur un écran. En traitement d'image, l'image de l'ombre sur l'écran est une image binaire dont le traitement est relativement aisé. L'analyse de l'ombre du corps est de la sorte plus simple, fiable et rapide que l'analyse du corps lui-même et nécessite des ressources informatiques relativement limitées. En outre, la source du faisceau lumineux et l'écran peuvent facilement être agencés pour s'affranchir de contraintes environnementales. L'intensité et la longueur d'onde du faisceau lumineux et la couleur de l'écran peuvent être choisis pour limiter l'influence de l'éclairage ambiant sur la densité de l'ombre portée sur l'écran ; la source du faisceau lumineux et l'écran peuvent être positionnés de manière à rester discrets (la source du faisceau lumineux peut par exemple être disposée en hauteur et l'écran peut être formé par le sol et/ou le bas des murs délimitant l'espace)...Thus, the analysis does not focus on the body itself but on the shadow on it on a screen. In image processing, the image of the shadow on the screen is a binary image whose processing is relatively easy. The analysis of the body shadow is thus more simple, reliable and fast than the analysis of the body itself and requires relatively limited computer resources. In addition, the source of the light beam and the screen can easily be arranged to overcome environmental constraints. The intensity and wavelength of the light beam and the color of the screen can be chosen to limit the influence of ambient lighting on the density of the shadow on the screen; the source of the light beam and the screen can be positioned so as to remain discrete (the source of the light beam can for example be arranged in height and the screen can be formed by the ground and / or the bottom of the walls delimiting the space)...

Selon l'invention, deux faisceaux lumineux sont projetés vers l'écran selon des directions non parallèles.According to the invention, two light beams are projected towards the screen in non-parallel directions.

Si deux corps se trouvent alignés dans la direction du premier faisceau lumineux, les deux corps projettent sur l'écran une ombre qui peut correspondre à celle que porterait un seul des corps. Toutefois, les deux corps ne sont alors pas alignés dans la direction du deuxième faisceau lumineux qui va provoquer l'apparition sur l'écran d'une ombre représentative des deux corps.If two bodies are aligned in the direction of the first light beam, the two bodies project on the screen a shadow which can correspond to that which would carry only one of the bodies. However, the two bodies are then not aligned in the direction of the second light beam which will cause the appearance on the screen of a representative shadow of the two bodies.

Avantageusement, le faisceau lumineux a une longueur d'ondes situé hors d'un domaine visible.Advantageously, the light beam has a wavelength located outside a visible range.

Ainsi, lorsque le procédé est utilisé pour détecter la présence d'un individu, il est possible de mettre en oeuvre le procédé à l'insu de l'individu qui ne verra pas le faisceau lumineux et l'ombre portée sur l'écran.Thus, when the method is used to detect the presence of an individual, it is possible to implement the method without the knowledge of the individual who will not see the light beam and the shadow on the screen.

Selon l'invention, l'analyse comprend une phase de détection de niveaux de gris de l'ombre portée sur l'écran.According to the invention, the analysis comprises a phase of detection of gray levels of the shadow on the screen.

Une analyse plus fine est ainsi obtenue notamment lorsque deux corps proches ne portent qu'une ombre sur l'écran.A finer analysis is thus obtained especially when two close bodies carry only one shadow on the screen.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes de mise en oeuvre particuliers non limitatifs de l'invention.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the following description of particular non-limiting embodiments of the invention.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Il sera fait référence aux dessins annexés, parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un sas conforme à un premier mode de mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique de dessus de ce sas,
  • la figure 3 est un diagramme illustrant les niveaux de gris d'une ombre portée sur l'écran de ce sas,
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique de dessus d'un sas conforme à un deuxième mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention,
  • la figure 5 est un diagramme illustrant les niveaux de gris d'une ombre portée sur l'écran.
Reference will be made to the appended drawings, among which:
  • the figure 1 is a partial perspective view of an airlock according to a first embodiment of the method of the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a schematic view from above of this airlock,
  • the figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the gray levels of a shadow on the screen of this airlock,
  • the figure 4 is a schematic view from above of an airlock according to a second embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 5 is a diagram showing the gray levels of a drop shadow on the screen.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Le procédé de l'invention est ici décrit en application à un système d'autorisation d'accès à un lieu pour analyser la présence d'individus.The method of the invention is here described in application to a system of authorization of access to a place to analyze the presence of individuals.

En référence aux figures 1 à 3, conformément au premier mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, le système d'autorisation d'accès comprend un sas généralement désigné en 1, comportant des parois latérales 2, 3, s'étendant verticalement depuis le sol 4 pour définir un couloir 5 aux extrémités duquel sont ménagées une entrée 6 et une sortie 7 fermées par des portes. Le sas 1 héberge un dispositif d'identification 8 qui fonctionne par exemple par reconnaissance d'empreintes digitales ou d'iris et qui, connu en lui-même, n'a pas été détaillé dans la présente description.With reference to Figures 1 to 3 according to the first embodiment of the invention, the access authorization system comprises an airlock generally designated 1, having side walls 2, 3, extending vertically from the ground 4 to define a corridor 5 at the ends of which are provided an inlet 6 and an outlet 7 closed by doors. The airlock 1 houses an identification device 8 which functions for example by fingerprint or iris recognition and which, known in itself, has not been detailed in the present description.

Le sas 1 est équipé d'une source lumineuse 9 fixée en hauteur sur la paroi latérale 2 pour émettre un faisceau lumineux 10 dans le couloir 5 en direction d'un écran 11 ménagé sur une partie inférieure de la paroi latérale 3. La source lumineuse 9 est agencée pour produire un faisceau lumineux 10 tel que si un individu passe entre la source lumineuse 9 et l'écran 11, au moins une partie de l'individu porte une ombre sur l'écran 11. L'écran est en particulier choisi en adéquation avec l'éclairage de manière qu'une ombre portée sur l'écran se détache nettement sur celui-ci. Le faisceau lumineux 10 a ici une longueur d'ondes comprise dans le spectre infrarouge et l'écran 11 est ici une surface opaque de couleur uniforme, en l'occurrence blanche.The airlock 1 is equipped with a light source 9 fixed in height on the side wall 2 to emit a light beam 10 in the corridor 5 in the direction of a screen 11 formed on a lower part of the side wall 3. The light source 9 is arranged to produce a light beam 10 such that if an individual passes between the light source 9 and the screen 11, at least a portion of the individual carries a shadow on the screen 11. The screen is in particular chosen in line with the lighting so that a drop shadow on the screen stands out clearly on this one. The light beam 10 here has a wavelength comprised in the infrared spectrum and the screen 11 is here an opaque surface of uniform color, in this case white.

Le sas 1 est équipé d'une caméra 12 fixée au sas, ici au-dessus de l'entrée 4, pour fournir des images de l'écran 11. La caméra 12 est reliée à une unité de traitement d'images 13 connue en elle-même et à même de distinguer des niveaux de gris sur les images fournies par la caméra 12.The airlock 1 is equipped with a camera 12 fixed to the airlock, here above the entrance 4, to provide images of the screen 11. The camera 12 is connected to an image processing unit 13 known in itself and able to distinguish gray levels on the images provided by the camera 12.

A titre d'exemple, lorsque deux individus A, B se trouvent dans le faisceau lumineux 10, ils portent sur l'écran 11 deux ombres qui se détachent nettement sur l'écran 11. La caméra 12 fournit alors à l'unité de traitement 13 un signal représentatif d'au moins une image sur laquelle l'unité de traitement 13 peut détecter deux zones de niveaux de gris élevé se détachant sur une zone blanche (les niveaux de gris sont schématisés sur le diagramme de la figure 3). On notera que, comme l'écran 11 possède des caractéristiques connues (puisque l'écran 11 est choisi par l'utilisateur), sa contribution au signal est connue et peut être négligée ou retenue comme une référence, les variations du signal ne résultant pas de cette contribution de l'écran étant le résultat d'une ombre portée sur l'écran. Il est ainsi possible d'analyser une présence dans l'espace 5 à partir d'une seule image.For example, when two individuals A, B are in the light beam 10, they are on the screen 11 two shadows that stand out clearly on the screen 11. The camera 12 then provides the processing unit 13 a signal representative of at least one image on which the processing unit 13 can detect two areas of high gray levels standing out on a white area (the gray levels are shown schematically in the diagram of the figure 3 ). Note that, since the screen 11 has known characteristics (since the screen 11 is chosen by the user), its contribution to the signal is known and can be neglected or retained as a reference, the variations of the signal not resulting this contribution of the screen being the result of a shadow on the screen. It is thus possible to analyze a presence in space 5 from a single image.

Lorsque plusieurs individus sont détectés, l'unité de traitement 13 émet un signal d'alerte pour prévenir un opérateur afin que celui-ci vienne constater la présence des individus et demande une explication à ceux-ci.When several individuals are detected, the processing unit 13 emits a warning signal to warn an operator so that he comes to note the presence of the individuals and asks an explanation to them.

Les éléments identiques ou analogues à ceux précédemment décrits porteront dans la suite de la description une référence numérique identique.Elements identical or similar to those previously described will be described in the following description an identical reference numeral.

En référence aux figures 4 et 5, le système d'autorisation d'accès conforme au deuxième mode de réalisation comprend un sas 1 identique à celui du premier mode de réalisation.With reference to Figures 4 and 5 , the access authorization system according to the second embodiment comprises an airlock 1 identical to that of the first embodiment.

Le sas 1 est toutefois ici équipé de deux sources lumineuses 20, 21 agencées pour projeter dans le couloir 5 deux faisceaux lumineux 22, 23 vers un écran 24 selon des directions non parallèles. Les faisceaux peuvent également être parallèles mais décalés dans l'espace.The airlock 1 is however here equipped with two light sources 20, 21 arranged to project in the corridor 5 two light beams 22, 23 to a screen 24 in non-parallel directions. The beams can also be parallel but offset in space.

L'écran 24 est positionné dans le sas 1 comme dans le premier mode de mise en oeuvre. L'écran 24 est dans le deuxième mode de mise en oeuvre un écran translucide et une caméra 25 est disposée d'un côté de l'écran 24 opposé aux sources lumineuses 20, 21.The screen 24 is positioned in the airlock 1 as in the first embodiment. The screen 24 is in the second embodiment a translucent screen and a camera 25 is disposed on one side of the screen 24 opposite to the light sources 20, 21.

A titre d'exemple, lorsque deux individus A, B se trouvent dans les faisceaux lumineux 22, 23, ils portent sur l'écran 24 une ombre unique qui se détache nettement sur l'écran 24. La caméra 25 fournit alors à l'unité de traitement 13 au moins une image sur laquelle l'unité de traitement 13 peut détecter deux zones de niveaux de gris moyen 26, 27 (correspondant à l'ombre résultant de l'obstruction d'un seul des faisceaux lumineux 22, 23) de part et d'autre d'une large zone de niveau de gris élevé 28 (correspondant à la superposition des ombres résultant de l'obstruction des faisceaux lumineux 22, 23) se détachant sur une zone blanche (les niveaux de gris sont schématisés sur le diagramme de la figure 5).By way of example, when two individuals A, B are in the light beams 22, 23, they carry on the screen 24 a single shadow which stands out clearly on the screen 24. The camera 25 then supplies the processing unit 13 at least one image on which the processing unit 13 can detect two zones of average gray levels 26, 27 (corresponding to the shadow resulting from the obstruction of only one of the light beams 22, 23) on either side of a large high gray level zone 28 (corresponding to the superposition of the shadows resulting from the obstruction of the light beams 22, 23) coming off a white zone (the gray levels are shown schematically on the diagram of the figure 5 ).

Si un seul individus se trouve dans les faisceaux lumineux 22, 23, il porte sur l'écran 24 une ombre unique qui se détache nettement sur l'écran 24. L'image fournie par la caméra 25 comporte alors deux zones de niveaux de gris moyen (correspondant à l'ombre résultant de l'obstruction d'un seul des faisceaux lumineux 22, 23) de part et d'autre d'une zone de niveau de gris élevé relativement étroite (correspondant à la superposition des ombres résultant de l'obstruction des faisceaux lumineux 22, 23) se détachant sur une zone blanche.If only one person is in the bundles 22, 23, it carries on the screen 24 a single shadow which stands out clearly on the screen 24. The image provided by the camera 25 then comprises two areas of average gray levels (corresponding to the shadow resulting from obstructing only one of the light beams 22, 23) on either side of a relatively narrow high gray level area (corresponding to the superposition of the shadows resulting from the obstruction of the light beams 22, 23) standing out on a white area.

Avec deux faisceaux lumineux, la présence de plusieurs individus est déduite de la largeur des différentes zones de gris.With two light beams, the presence of several individuals is deduced from the width of the different gray areas.

Comme précédemment, lorsque plusieurs individus sont détectés, l'unité de traitement 13 émet un signal d'alerte pour prévenir un opérateur afin que celui-ci vienne constater la présence des individus et demande une explication à ceux-ci.As previously, when several individuals are detected, the processing unit 13 emits a warning signal to warn an operator so that he comes to note the presence of the individuals and asks an explanation to them.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et on peut y apporter des variantes de réalisation sans sortir du cadre de l'invention tel que défini par les revendications.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and variants may be provided without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

En particulier, le nombre de sources lumineuses peut être supérieur à deux et/ou une source lumineuse peut être mobile pour balayer l'espace à surveiller. La source lumineuse peut être agencée pour émettre un faisceau lumineux dont le spectre est situé dans le domaine visible ou à l'extérieur de celui-ci.In particular, the number of light sources may be greater than two and / or a light source may be movable to scan the space to be monitored. The light source may be arranged to emit a light beam whose spectrum is located in the visible range or outside thereof.

La source lumineuse peut être un flash synchronisé avec un dispositif de prise de vue.The light source may be a flash synchronized with a shooting device.

L'écran peut être une surface opaque ou translucide, plane ou incurvée, sans solution de continuité ou formée de lames verticales décalées (de telle manière que la caméra puisse voir l'ombre porté sur l'écran tout en ayant son axe optique perpendiculaire à l'écran). L'ombre peut être analysée depuis le côté illuminé de l'écran ou, par exemple lorsque l'écran est translucide, l'ombre peut être analysée depuis un côté de l'écran opposé à une source du faisceau lumineux. L'écran peut être formé par une partie du sol ou du plafond et/ou par une partie inférieure d'une paroi attenante.The screen can be an opaque or translucent surface, flat or curved, without continuity solution or formed of offset vertical blades (so that the camera can see the shadow on the screen while having its optical axis perpendicular to the screen). The shadow can be analyzed from the illuminated side of the screen or, for example when the screen is translucent, the shadow can be analyzed from a side of the screen opposite to a source of the light beam. The screen may be formed by a part of the floor or ceiling and / or by a lower part of an adjoining wall.

L'analyse peut être réalisée sur une ou plusieurs images.The analysis can be performed on one or more images.

D'autres applications que celles décrites sont en outre envisageables et par exemple la détection d'objets abandonnés sur le sol au moyen d'un faisceau lumineux rasant projetant une ombre de l'objet sur un écran disposé au ras du sol.Other applications than those described are also possible and for example the detection of abandoned objects on the ground by means of a shading light beam projecting a shadow of the object on a screen disposed at ground level.

Claims (2)

  1. Method of analyzing a presence in a space (5), comprising the steps of:
    - projecting at least two light beams (10; 22, 23) in directions that are not parallel into the space (5) and toward a screen (11; 24) in such a manner that at least a portion of a body (A, B), if present in the space, casts a shadow onto the screen,
    - analyzing the shadow cast onto the screen, including detecting grey level areas in the shadow cast on the screen (11; 24) and detecting widths of grey level areas to deduce if either a body or a plurality of bodies is present in the space.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the light beams (10) have a wavelength situated outside a visible range.
EP06778587.3A 2005-06-08 2006-06-08 Method for analysing a presence in a space Not-in-force EP1891609B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06778587T PL1891609T3 (en) 2005-06-08 2006-06-08 Method for analysing a presence in a space

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0505810A FR2887061B1 (en) 2005-06-08 2005-06-08 METHOD FOR ANALYZING A PRESENCE IN A SPACE
PCT/FR2006/001295 WO2006131647A2 (en) 2005-06-08 2006-06-08 Method for analysing a presence in a space

Publications (2)

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EP1891609A2 EP1891609A2 (en) 2008-02-27
EP1891609B1 true EP1891609B1 (en) 2016-11-30

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US (1) US7742175B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1891609B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2887061B1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2006131647A2 (en)

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US3758723A (en) * 1972-01-18 1973-09-11 Imagex Inc X-ray inspection system
DE2620240A1 (en) * 1976-05-07 1977-11-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TESTING LIGHTNUT TRANSLUCENT WORKPIECES
US4695130A (en) * 1983-09-30 1987-09-22 Antonio Medina Camera flash attachment for three dimensional imaging systems
DE4009912A1 (en) * 1990-03-28 1991-10-02 Grundig Emv VIDEO CONTROL DEVICE
DE69312257T2 (en) * 1993-02-11 1998-01-29 Agfa Gevaert Nv Radiation field detection method
JPH0778267A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-03-20 Silicon Graphics Inc Method for display of shadow and computer-controlled display system
DE4415944C2 (en) * 1994-05-05 1998-07-09 Karl Stefan Riener Electronic target and method for its evaluation
GB2316169A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-02-18 Secr Defence Optical detection system
US6437782B1 (en) * 1999-01-06 2002-08-20 Microsoft Corporation Method for rendering shadows with blended transparency without producing visual artifacts in real time applications
EP1037181A3 (en) * 1999-03-12 2005-01-19 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and system for monitoring an interior
US20050134588A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-23 Hybrid Graphics, Ltd. Method and apparatus for image processing
FR2866718B1 (en) * 2004-02-24 2006-05-05 Essilor Int CENTRAL-BLOCKING DEVICE OF AN OPHTHALMIC LENSES LENS, AUTOMATIC DETECTION METHOD AND ASSOCIATED MANUAL CENTERING METHODS

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PL1891609T3 (en) 2017-07-31
FR2887061B1 (en) 2007-08-17
EP1891609A2 (en) 2008-02-27
US20090128817A1 (en) 2009-05-21
FR2887061A1 (en) 2006-12-15
US7742175B2 (en) 2010-06-22
WO2006131647A2 (en) 2006-12-14
WO2006131647A3 (en) 2007-02-01

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