EP1887195A2 - Cooling device for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Cooling device for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1887195A2
EP1887195A2 EP07013631A EP07013631A EP1887195A2 EP 1887195 A2 EP1887195 A2 EP 1887195A2 EP 07013631 A EP07013631 A EP 07013631A EP 07013631 A EP07013631 A EP 07013631A EP 1887195 A2 EP1887195 A2 EP 1887195A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow guide
cooling device
radial
guide elements
fan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07013631A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1887195A3 (en
EP1887195B1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Blass
Ulrich Vollert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1887195A2 publication Critical patent/EP1887195A2/en
Publication of EP1887195A3 publication Critical patent/EP1887195A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1887195B1 publication Critical patent/EP1887195B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F01P5/06—Guiding or ducting air to, or from, ducted fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
    • F04D29/544—Blade shapes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/10—Guiding or ducting cooling-air, to, or from, liquid-to-air heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2070/00—Details
    • F01P2070/50—Details mounting fans to heat-exchangers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling device for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 and according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • Such a cooling device with an axial fan has been characterized by DE 44 38 184 C1 the Applicant known, wherein the axial fan arranged fixed to the engine and by the internal combustion engine - directly or indirectly - is driven.
  • the axial fan is surrounded by a fan cowl or a Zargenring, which is also arranged fixed to the engine.
  • the applicant was a further cooling device with motor-fixed Axiallüf ter known, which has a fan blade associated with the guide ring or coat, which cooperates with a motor-fixed inlet nozzle_
  • Another cooling device with a motor-resistant frame and a driven via a fluid friction clutch axial fan was through the DE 40 15 259 A1 known.
  • the axial fan is arranged relatively close to the engine block and operates at a relatively heavy throttling operating point. This results in the axial fan semi-axial or semi-radial flow in the outflow of the fan, the air accumulates in front of the engine block and other units, and it can lead to a recirculation of the leaked air flow, ie a re-entry into the cooler, which reduces the cooling capacity.
  • cooling devices for motor vehicles DE 42 22 264 A1
  • the axial fan is driven not by the internal combustion engine, but by an electric motor, which is connected via a Zargenring and a radiator frame with the radiator. Even with this arrangement, recirculation phenomena can occur with the associated cooling power reductions when installed close to the engine.
  • radial flow guide elements are arranged behind the axial fan in the direction of airflow, that is to say in the direction of flow.
  • H. Strömungsleftiana which extend substantially in the radial direction and thus form a downstream radial guide.
  • the advantage of the radial flow guide elements is that an additional delay in the outflow field behind the fan is achieved.
  • the radial flow guide elements are uniformly distributed over the circumference and preferably formed scoop-shaped. This gives the advantage of a maximum pressure recovery from the swirling fan outlet flow.
  • the radial flow guide elements preferably extend over the entire radial area of the fan blades, ie from the hub diameter to the fan outside diameter.
  • the axial depth of the radial flow guide elements increases from the inside to the outside.
  • the Zargenring as seen in the air flow direction, radially expanded and thus forms a flow guide device in the manner of a diffuser.
  • the radial flow guiding elements can be connected to the flow guiding device, i. H. preferably be sprayed on this. This results in the advantage of ease of manufacture and attachment.
  • the radial flow guide from hub diameter of the fan to the outer diameter of the diffuser-like flow guide extend - thus a maximum effect in terms of pressure recovery and flow deflection is achieved.
  • the radial flow guide elements extend only over the radial region of the diffuser-like flow guide, d. H. radially outside the fan diameter. Such a radially shortened design of the radial flow guide is opposed to the semi-axial fan flow.
  • the object of the invention is also for a cooling device according to claim 13, d. H. solved with an electric motor-driven fan, in such a way that radially projecting from the Zargenring Strömungsleittlächen are provided.
  • the latter are preferably in the circumferential direction - contrary to the direction of the fan - curved and thus contribute to the pressure recovery of the swirling fan outflow.
  • the radial flow guide which have a part-cylindrical shape, molded onto the Zargenring and can thus be made in one piece with the frame or the Zargenring made of plastic. With the radial flow guide the advantage is achieved that the fan outflow deflected in the radial direction and a backwater on the engine block and other components is avoided.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cooling device 1 for an internal combustion engine 2 of a motor vehicle, not shown.
  • the cooling device 1 comprises a coolant radiator 3, an axial fan 4, a frame 5, a frame ring 6 and a diffuser-like flow-guiding device 7, which is formed here in one piece with the frame ring 6.
  • the cooler 3 is the primary side of coolant flowing through a cooling circuit, not shown, for the internal combustion engine and the secondary side of ambient air in the direction of an arrow L.
  • the fan 4 has a hub 4a and a Axialbeschaufelung 4b and is driven by the internal combustion engine 2 in a manner not shown - directly or indirectly -.
  • the fan hub 4a is thus mounted fixed to the engine and can be driven for example via a non-illustrated fluid friction clutch according to the above-mentioned prior art.
  • the fan hub 4a has a rotation axis a and a hub diameter D N.
  • the outer diameter of the fan blades (blade tips) is marked D L.
  • the Zargenring 6 including flow guide 7 is supported by a bracket, not shown, relative to the engine block 2.
  • the frame 5 also called fan cover
  • the frame 5 is attached to the radiator 3 and is sealed by a circumferential sealing lip 8 relative to the frame ring 6, wherein at the same time a compensation for relative movements between the radiator 3 and frame ring 6 is possible.
  • the designed as a diffuser flow guide 7 is the subject of a parallel patent application (internal mark of the Applicant: 06-B-059), which is fully incorporated in the disclosure of this application. It is therefore omitted at this point to a detailed description of the design and function of the flow guide 7 and instead referred to the said simultaneous patent application.
  • the fan blading 4b ie in the outflow of the fan 4
  • the flow guide 9 shown in the drawing has a straight, arranged in a radial plane free front edge 9a, a curved free trailing edge 9b and a connecting edge 9c with the diffuser 7.
  • the radial flow guide elements 9 are thus supported relative to the diffuser 7 and the Zargering 6 and thus arranged motor fixed.
  • the outer diameter of the diffuser 7 is denoted by D D.
  • Fig. 1a shows a guided in the circumferential direction section through a fan blade 4b and in the air flow direction L behind arranged flow guide 9 with leading edge 9a and trailing edge 9b.
  • the illustration shows that the flow guiding element 9 has a blade-shaped profile with a curvature which is opposite to the curvature of the fan blade 4b.
  • the fan blade 4b moves in the circumferential direction according to an arrow u and generates an outflow vector, not shown, which strikes the concave side of the blade profile 9.
  • a pressure recovery is generated from the swirl in the fan outflow and the kinetic energy of the flow is converted into static pressure.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cooling device 1 according to FIG. 1 as. View in the axial direction and against the direction of air flow L.
  • the flow guide 9 are - as the illustration shows - substantially radially extending, but slightly curved in the circumferential direction with its trailing edge 9b in the embodiment shown here.
  • the radial flow guide elements 9 are curved in or against the running direction of the fan. These two more curved regions are labeled 9d and 9e.
  • the direction of rotation of the fan is indicated by an arrow D.
  • the distributed over the circumference number of radial flow guide elements 9 corresponds approximately to the number of fan blades 4b.
  • the effect of the radial flow guide elements 9 according to the invention consists essentially in that the kinetic energy contained in the outflow of the fan 4 is converted into static pressure and the flow - also in conjunction with the diffuser 7 - is deflected in a radial direction, so that harmful remindströmungstendenzen prevented become.
  • the vehicle-side resistance is reduced by the targeted guidance of the fan outflow.
  • the radial flow guide elements 9 extend in the illustrated embodiment of the blade root, ie from the hub diameter D N to the outer diameter D D of the diffuser. It is within the scope of the invention to vary the radial extension of the flow guide elements 9, for example, such that they only extend from the fan diameter D L to the outer diameter D D of the diffuser, that is, they are arranged only in the radial region of the diffuser 7.
  • the flow emerging from the fan 4 is known to already be a semi-radial flow, which is thus "captured" by the flow guide elements arranged on the outside and subjected to a further radial deflection.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention, namely a cooling device 10, which has a driven by an electric motor 11 axial fan 12, a so-called sickle fan.
  • the fan 12 runs in a Zargenring 13, which is part of a rectangular-shaped frame 14 (fan cover).
  • the frame 14 is connected to a coolant cooler, not shown.
  • the sickle-shaped fan 12 can be designed as a jacket fan and have a jacket 12 a connected to the blade tips, which rotates in the frame ring 13.
  • the electric motor 11 is connected via struts 15 with the frame ring 13 and with the frame 14.
  • Frame 14 and Zargenring 13 are preferably integrally formed as a plastic injection molded part.
  • the flow guide surfaces 16 are formed as cylindrical surfaces and not distributed over the entire circumference of the Zargenringes 13, but only so far that they do not protrude beyond the outer edge of the rectangular cross-section of the frame 14.
  • Fig. 4 shows a partial section corresponding to the plane IV-IV in Fig. 3.
  • the fan 12, which rotates in the Zargenring 13, is omitted in this illustration.
  • the flow direction of the air is shown by an arrow L.
  • Downstream of the Zargenringes 13 connect the flow guide 16 directly to the Zargenring 13; they are preferably cylindrically curved, with a cylinder axis which runs parallel to the central axis a of the frame ring 13. For a formation of Zargenring 13 and flow surfaces 16 is readily possible.
  • the effect of the flow guide surfaces 16 is that the exiting fan flow is deflected in a radial direction, achieved a pressure recovery and recirculation is avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

The device (1) has a coolant cooler (3) flowable through air, and an axial blower (4) arranged in an air flowing direction (L) behind the cooler. A frame (5) is arranged between the cooler and blower, and has a frame ring (6) in which the blower is rotatably arranged. Radial flow conducting units (9) run in a radial direction and are arranged behind the axial blower in the air flowing direction. The conducting units are fastened at the frame ring and arranged over the circumference of the blower in a distributed manner. The units have front edges (9a) that are arranged in a radial plane.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kühlvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 und nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 13.The invention relates to a cooling device for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 and according to the preamble of claim 13.

Eine derartige Kühlvorrichtung mit einem Axiallüfter wurde durch die DE 44 38 184 C1 der Anmelderin bekannt, wobei der Axiallüfter motorfest angeordnet und von der Brennkraftmaschine - direkt oder indirekt - angetrieben wird. Der Axiallüfter ist von einer Lüfterzarge bzw. einem Zargenring umgeben, welcher ebenfalls motorfest angeordnet ist. Durch die DE 33 04 297 C2 der Anmelderin wurde eine weitere Kühlvorrichtung mit motorfestem Axiallüf ter bekannt, welcher einen mit den Lüfterblättem verbundenen Leitring bzw. Mantel aufweist, welcher mit einer motorfesten Einlaufdüse zusamrrienwirkt_ Eine weitere Kühlvorrichtung mit motorfester Zarge und mit einem über eine Flüssigkeitsreibungskupplung angetriebenen Axiallüfter wurde durch die DE 40 15 259 A1 bekannt. Bei den bekannten Kühlvorrichtungen ist der Axiallüfter relativ nahe am Motorblock angeordnet und arbeitet in einem Betriebspunkt mit relativ starker Drosselung. Dadurch ergibt sich im Axiallüfter eine halbaxiale bzw. halbradiale Strömung, im Abströmbereich des Lüfters staut sich die Luft vor dem Motorblock und anderen Aggregaten, und es kann zu einer Rezirkulation der ausgetretenen Luftströmung, d. h. einem Wiedereintritt in den Kühler kommen, was die Kühlleistung reduziert.Such a cooling device with an axial fan has been characterized by DE 44 38 184 C1 the Applicant known, wherein the axial fan arranged fixed to the engine and by the internal combustion engine - directly or indirectly - is driven. The axial fan is surrounded by a fan cowl or a Zargenring, which is also arranged fixed to the engine. By the DE 33 04 297 C2 The applicant was a further cooling device with motor-fixed Axiallüf ter known, which has a fan blade associated with the guide ring or coat, which cooperates with a motor-fixed inlet nozzle_ Another cooling device with a motor-resistant frame and a driven via a fluid friction clutch axial fan was through the DE 40 15 259 A1 known. In the known cooling devices, the axial fan is arranged relatively close to the engine block and operates at a relatively heavy throttling operating point. This results in the axial fan semi-axial or semi-radial flow in the outflow of the fan, the air accumulates in front of the engine block and other units, and it can lead to a recirculation of the leaked air flow, ie a re-entry into the cooler, which reduces the cooling capacity.

Bekannt sind auch Kühlvorrichtungen für Kraftfahrzeuge ( DE 42 22 264 A1 ), bei welchen der Axiallüfter nicht durch die Brennkraftmaschine, sondern durch einen Elektromotor angetrieben wird, welcher über einen Zargenring und eine Kühlerzarge mit dem Kühler verbunden ist. Auch bei dieser Anordnung können bei motornahem Einbau Rezirkulationserscheinungen mit den damit verbundenen Kühlleistungsminderungen auftreten.Also known are cooling devices for motor vehicles ( DE 42 22 264 A1 ), in which the axial fan is driven not by the internal combustion engine, but by an electric motor, which is connected via a Zargenring and a radiator frame with the radiator. Even with this arrangement, recirculation phenomena can occur with the associated cooling power reductions when installed close to the engine.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, bei einer Kühlvorrichtung der eingangs genanten Art die Lüftercharakteristik zu verbessern, eine Rezirkulation zu vermeiden und die Kühlleistung zu erhöhen.It is an object of the present invention to improve the fan characteristic in a cooling device of the type mentioned, to avoid recirculation and to increase the cooling capacity.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß sind in Luftströmungsrichtung hinter dem Axiallüfter radiale Strömungsleitelemente angeordnet, d. h. Strömungsleftelemente, welche im Wesentlichen in radialer Richtung verlaufen und somit einen abströmseitigen radialen Leitapparat bilden. Der Vorteil der radialen Strömungsleitelemente besteht darin, dass eine zusätzliche Verzögerung im Abströmfeld hinter dem Lüfter erreicht wird. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich der Vorteil eines zusätzlichen Druckrückgewinnes aus dem Drall, der sich in der Lüfterabströmung befindet. Ferner ist von Vorteil, dass die Strömungsführung um den Motorblock sowie umgebende Bauteile verbessert, damit der fahrzeugseitige Widerstand reduziert und eine Rezirkulation verhindert bzw. verringert wird.This object is solved by the features of claim 1. According to the invention, radial flow guide elements are arranged behind the axial fan in the direction of airflow, that is to say in the direction of flow. H. Strömungsleftelemente which extend substantially in the radial direction and thus form a downstream radial guide. The advantage of the radial flow guide elements is that an additional delay in the outflow field behind the fan is achieved. In addition, there is the advantage of an additional pressure recovery from the swirl, which is located in the fan outflow. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the flow guidance around the engine block as well as surrounding components improves, so that the vehicle-side resistance is reduced and a recirculation prevented or reduced.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. So können die Strömungsleitelemente vorteilhaft am Zargenring befestigt bzw.- bei einer Herstellung aus Kunststoff - angespritzt werden.Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims. Thus, the flow guide advantageously attached to the Zargenring or- in a production of plastic - are molded.

Die radialen Strömungsleitelemente sind gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt und vorzugsweise schaufelförmig ausgebildet. Dies ergibt den Vorteil eines maximalen Druckrückgewinnes aus der drallbehafteten Lüfteraustrittsströmung.The radial flow guide elements are uniformly distributed over the circumference and preferably formed scoop-shaped. This gives the advantage of a maximum pressure recovery from the swirling fan outlet flow.

Die radialen Strömungsleitelemente erstrecken sich vorzugsweise über den gesamten radialen Bereich der Lüfterblätter, d. h. vom Nabendurchmesser bis zum Lüfteraußendurchmesser. Die axiale Tiefe der radialen Strömungsleitelemente nimmt dabei von innen nach außen zu.The radial flow guide elements preferably extend over the entire radial area of the fan blades, ie from the hub diameter to the fan outside diameter. The axial depth of the radial flow guide elements increases from the inside to the outside.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Zargenring, in Luftströmungsrichtung gesehen, radial erweitert und bildet somit eine Strömungsleiteinrichtung nach Art eines Diffusors. Vorteilhafterweise können die radialen Strömungsleitelemente mit der Strömungsleiteinrichtung verbunden, d. h. vorzugsweise an dieser angespritzt sein. Damit ergibt sich der Vorteil einer einfachen Herstellung und Befestigung.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Zargenring, as seen in the air flow direction, radially expanded and thus forms a flow guide device in the manner of a diffuser. Advantageously, the radial flow guiding elements can be connected to the flow guiding device, i. H. preferably be sprayed on this. This results in the advantage of ease of manufacture and attachment.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausbildung der Erfindung können sich die radialen Strömungsleitelemente von Nabendurchmesser des Lüfters bis zum Außendurchmesser der diffusorartigen Strömungsleiteinrichtung erstrecken - damit wird ein maximaler Effekt bezüglich Druckrückgewinnung und Strömungsumlenkung erreicht. Möglich ist jedoch auch, dass sich die radialen Strömungsleitelemente nur über den radialen Bereich der diffusorartigen Strömungsleiteinrichtung erstrecken, d. h. radial außerhalb des Lüfterdurchmessers. Eine derartige radial verkürzte Ausbildung der radialen Strömungsleitelemente kommt der halbaxialen Lüfterströmung entgegen.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the radial flow guide from hub diameter of the fan to the outer diameter of the diffuser-like flow guide extend - thus a maximum effect in terms of pressure recovery and flow deflection is achieved. However, it is also possible that the radial flow guide elements extend only over the radial region of the diffuser-like flow guide, d. H. radially outside the fan diameter. Such a radially shortened design of the radial flow guide is opposed to the semi-axial fan flow.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird auch für eine Kühlvorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 13, d. h. mit einem elektromotorisch angetriebenen Lüfter gelöst, und zwar in der Weise, dass radial vom Zargenring abstehende Strömungsleittlächen vorgesehen sind. Letztere sind vorzugsweise in Umfangsrichtung - entgegen der Laufrichtung des Lüfters - gekrümmt und tragen somit zum Druckrückgewinn der drallbehafteten Lüfterabströmung bei. Vorteilhafterweise sind die radialen Strömungsleitflächen, welche eine teilzylindrische Form aufweisen, an den Zargenring angespritzt und können somit einstückig mit der Zarge bzw. dem Zargenring aus Kunststoff hergestellt werden. Mit den radialen Strömungsleitflächen wird der Vorteil erreicht, dass die Lüfterabströmung in radiale Richtung umgelenkt und ein Rückstau am Motorblock sowie anderen Bauteilen vermieden wird.The object of the invention is also for a cooling device according to claim 13, d. H. solved with an electric motor-driven fan, in such a way that radially projecting from the Zargenring Strömungsleittlächen are provided. The latter are preferably in the circumferential direction - contrary to the direction of the fan - curved and thus contribute to the pressure recovery of the swirling fan outflow. Advantageously, the radial flow guide, which have a part-cylindrical shape, molded onto the Zargenring and can thus be made in one piece with the frame or the Zargenring made of plastic. With the radial flow guide the advantage is achieved that the fan outflow deflected in the radial direction and a backwater on the engine block and other components is avoided.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im Folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen Halbschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Kühlvorrichtung,
Fig. 1a
zeigt einen in Umfangsrichtung geführten Schnitt durch eine Lüfterschaufel,
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht auf die Kühlvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 entgegen der Luftströmungsrichtung L,
Fig. 3
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einer Kühlvorrichtung mit elektromotorisch angetriebenem Lüfter und
Fig. 4
einen Teilschnitt in der Ebene IV-IV in Fig. 3.
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be explained in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
a half section through a cooling device according to the invention,
Fig. 1a
shows a circumferentially guided section through a fan blade,
Fig. 2
a view of the cooling device according to FIG. 1 against the air flow direction L,
Fig. 3
a further embodiment of the invention with a cooling device with electric motor driven fan and
Fig. 4
a partial section in the plane IV-IV in Fig. 3rd

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Kühlvorrichtung 1 für eine Brennkraftmaschine 2 eines nicht dargestellten Kraftfahrzeuges. Die Kühlvorrichtung 1 umfasst einen Kühlmittelkühler 3, einen Axiallüfter 4, eine Zarge 5, einen Zargenring 6 und eine diffusorartige Strömungsleiteinrichtung 7, welche hier einstückig mit dem Zargenring 6 ausgebildet ist. Der Kühler 3 wird primärseitig von Kühlmittel eines nicht dargestellten Kühlkreislaufes für die Brennkraftmaschine und sekundärseitig von Umgebungsluft in Richtung eines Pfeiles L durchströmt. Der Lüfter 4 weist eine Nabe 4a und eine Axialbeschaufelung 4b auf und wird von der Brennkraftmaschine 2 auf nicht näher dargestellte Weise - direkt oder indirekt - angetrieben. Die Lüfternabe 4a ist somit motorfest gelagert und kann beispielsweise über eine nicht dargestellte Flüssigkeitsreibungskupplung gemäß dem eingangs genannten Stand der Technik angetrieben werden. Die Lüfternabe 4a weist eine Rotationsachse a und einen Nabendurchmesser DN auf. Der Außendurchmesser der Lüfterschaufeln (Blattspitzen) ist mit DL gekennzeichnet. Der Zargenring 6 einschließlich Strömungsleiteinrichtung 7 ist über eine nicht dargestellte Halterung gegenüber dem Motorblock 2 abgestützt. Die Zarge 5 (auch Lüfterhaube genannt) ist am Kühler 3 befestigt und wird über eine umlaufende Dichtlippe 8 gegenüber dem Zargenring 6 abgedichtet, wobei gleichzeitig ein Ausgleich bei Relativbewegungen zwischen Kühler 3 und Zargenring 6 möglich ist. Die als Diffusor ausgebildete Strömungsleiteinrichtung 7 ist Gegenstand einer parallelen Patentanmeldung (intemes Zeichen der Anmelderin: 06-B-059), welche vollumfänglich in den Offenbarungsgehalt dieser Anmeldung einbezogen wird. Es wird daher an dieser Stelle auf eine genaue Beschreibung der Ausbildung und Funktion der Strömungsleiteinrichtung 7 verzichtet und stattdessen auf die genannte zeitgleiche Patentanmeldung verwiesen. In Strömungsrichtung hinter der Lüfterbeschaufelung 4b, also in der Abströmung des Lüfters 4, sind - über den Umfang verteilt - eine Vielzahl von Strömungsleitelementen 9 angeordnet, welche vorzugsweise mit dem Diffusor 7 bzw. dem Zargenring 6 verbunden, d. h. an diesem befestigt sind. Das in der Zeichnung dargestellte Strömungsleitelement 9 weist eine gerade, in einer Radialebene angeordnete freie Vorderkante 9a, eine gekrümmte freie Hinterkante 9b sowie eine Verbindungskante 9c mit dem Diffusor 7 auf. Die radialen Strömungsleitelemente 9 sind somit gegenüber dem Diffusor 7 und dem Zargering 6 abgestützt und damit motorfest angeordnet. Der Außendurchmesser des Diffusors 7 ist mit DD bezeichnet.Fig. 1 shows a cooling device 1 for an internal combustion engine 2 of a motor vehicle, not shown. The cooling device 1 comprises a coolant radiator 3, an axial fan 4, a frame 5, a frame ring 6 and a diffuser-like flow-guiding device 7, which is formed here in one piece with the frame ring 6. The cooler 3 is the primary side of coolant flowing through a cooling circuit, not shown, for the internal combustion engine and the secondary side of ambient air in the direction of an arrow L. The fan 4 has a hub 4a and a Axialbeschaufelung 4b and is driven by the internal combustion engine 2 in a manner not shown - directly or indirectly -. The fan hub 4a is thus mounted fixed to the engine and can be driven for example via a non-illustrated fluid friction clutch according to the above-mentioned prior art. The fan hub 4a has a rotation axis a and a hub diameter D N. The outer diameter of the fan blades (blade tips) is marked D L. The Zargenring 6 including flow guide 7 is supported by a bracket, not shown, relative to the engine block 2. The frame 5 (also called fan cover) is attached to the radiator 3 and is sealed by a circumferential sealing lip 8 relative to the frame ring 6, wherein at the same time a compensation for relative movements between the radiator 3 and frame ring 6 is possible. The designed as a diffuser flow guide 7 is the subject of a parallel patent application (internal mark of the Applicant: 06-B-059), which is fully incorporated in the disclosure of this application. It is therefore omitted at this point to a detailed description of the design and function of the flow guide 7 and instead referred to the said simultaneous patent application. In the flow direction behind the fan blading 4b, ie in the outflow of the fan 4, are - distributed over the circumference - arranged a plurality of flow guide 9, which are preferably connected to the diffuser 7 and the Zargenring 6, that is attached to this. The flow guide 9 shown in the drawing has a straight, arranged in a radial plane free front edge 9a, a curved free trailing edge 9b and a connecting edge 9c with the diffuser 7. The radial flow guide elements 9 are thus supported relative to the diffuser 7 and the Zargering 6 and thus arranged motor fixed. The outer diameter of the diffuser 7 is denoted by D D.

Fig. 1a zeigt einen in Umfangsrichtung geführten Schnitt durch eine Lüfterschaufel 4b und ein in Luftströmungsrichtung L dahinter angeordnetes Strömungsleitelement 9 mit Vorderkante 9a und Hinterkante 9b. Die Darstellung zeigt, dass das Strömungsleitelement 9 ein schaufelförmiges Profil mit einer Krümmung aufweist, weiche der Krümmung der Lüfterschaufel 4b entgegengesetzt ist. Die Lüfterschaufel 4b bewegt sich in Umfangsrichtung entsprechend einem Pfeil u und erzeugt einen nicht dargestellten Abströmungsvektor, welcher auf die konkave Seite des Schaufelprofils 9 trifft. Damit wird aus dem Drall in der Lüfterabströmung ein Druckrückgewinn erzeugt und die kinetische Energie der Strömung in statischen Druck umgewandelt.Fig. 1a shows a guided in the circumferential direction section through a fan blade 4b and in the air flow direction L behind arranged flow guide 9 with leading edge 9a and trailing edge 9b. The illustration shows that the flow guiding element 9 has a blade-shaped profile with a curvature which is opposite to the curvature of the fan blade 4b. The fan blade 4b moves in the circumferential direction according to an arrow u and generates an outflow vector, not shown, which strikes the concave side of the blade profile 9. Thus, a pressure recovery is generated from the swirl in the fan outflow and the kinetic energy of the flow is converted into static pressure.

Fig. 2 zeigt die Kühlvorrichtung 1 gemäß Fig. 1 als. Ansicht in axialer Richtung und entgegen der Luftströmungsrichtung L. Die Strömungsleitelemente 9 sind - wie die Darstellung zeigt - im Wesentlichen radial verlaufend, allerdings im hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mit ihrer Hinterkante 9b in Umfangsrichtung leicht gekrümmt. Im radial äußersten Bereich, d. h. außerhalb eines Durchmessers D1, sind die radialen Strömungsleitelemente 9 verstärkt im oder entgegen der Laufrichtung des Lüfters gekrümmt. Diese beiden stärker gekrümmten Bereiche sind mit 9d und 9e bezeichnet. Die Drehrichtung des Lüfters ist durch einen Pfeil D gekennzeichnet. Die über den Umfang verteilte Anzahl von radialen Strömungsleitelementen 9 entspricht in etwa der Anzahl der Lüfterblätter 4b.FIG. 2 shows the cooling device 1 according to FIG. 1 as. View in the axial direction and against the direction of air flow L. The flow guide 9 are - as the illustration shows - substantially radially extending, but slightly curved in the circumferential direction with its trailing edge 9b in the embodiment shown here. In the radially outermost region, ie outside a diameter D 1 , the radial flow guide elements 9 are curved in or against the running direction of the fan. These two more curved regions are labeled 9d and 9e. The direction of rotation of the fan is indicated by an arrow D. The distributed over the circumference number of radial flow guide elements 9 corresponds approximately to the number of fan blades 4b.

Die Wirkung der erfindungsgemäßen radialen Strömungsleitelemente 9 besteht im Wesentlichen darin, dass die in der Abströmung des Lüfters 4 befindliche kinetische Energie in statischen Druck umgewandelt und die Strömung - auch in Verbindung mit dem Diffusor 7 - in eine radiale Richtung umgelenkt wird, sodass schädliche Rückströmungstendenzen unterbunden werden. Darüber hinaus wird durch die gezielte Führung der Lüfterabströmung der fahrzeugseitige Widerstand reduziert.The effect of the radial flow guide elements 9 according to the invention consists essentially in that the kinetic energy contained in the outflow of the fan 4 is converted into static pressure and the flow - also in conjunction with the diffuser 7 - is deflected in a radial direction, so that harmful Rückströmungstendenzen prevented become. In addition, the vehicle-side resistance is reduced by the targeted guidance of the fan outflow.

Die radialen Strömungsleitelemente 9 erstrecken sich im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel von der Schaufelwurzel, d. h. vom Nabendurchmesser DN bis zum Außendurchmesser DD des Diffusors. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, die radiale Erstreckung der Strömungsleitelemente 9 zu variieren, beispielsweise derart, dass diese nur vom Lüfterdurchmesser DL bis zum Außendurchmesser DD des Diffusors reichen, also nur im radialen Bereich des Diffusors 7 angeordnet sind. Die aus dem Lüfter 4 austretende Strömung ist bekanntlich bereits eine halbradiale Strömung, die somit von den außen angeordneten Strömungsleitelementen "eingefangen" und einer weiteren radialen Umlenkung unterworfen wird. Ferner liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung die Form, Anzahl und Verteilung der radialen Strömungsleitelemente zu variieren. Dies ist dann von Vorteil, wenn im Motorraum hinter dem Lüfter unterschiedliche Abströmblockierungen vorliegen, die eine angepasste Führung der Lüfterabströmung erforderlich machen.The radial flow guide elements 9 extend in the illustrated embodiment of the blade root, ie from the hub diameter D N to the outer diameter D D of the diffuser. It is within the scope of the invention to vary the radial extension of the flow guide elements 9, for example, such that they only extend from the fan diameter D L to the outer diameter D D of the diffuser, that is, they are arranged only in the radial region of the diffuser 7. The flow emerging from the fan 4 is known to already be a semi-radial flow, which is thus "captured" by the flow guide elements arranged on the outside and subjected to a further radial deflection. Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention to vary the shape, number and distribution of the radial flow guide elements. This is advantageous if there are different Abströmblockierungen behind the fan in the engine compartment, which make an adapted guidance of the fan outflow required.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und zwar eine Kühlvorrichtung 10, welche einen durch einen Elektromotor 11 angetriebenen Axiallüfter 12, einen so genannten Sichellüfter aufweist. Der Lüfter 12 läuft in einem Zargenring 13 um, welcher Teil einer rechteckförmig ausgebildeten Zarge 14 (Lüfterhaube) ist. Die Zarge 14 wird mit einem nicht dargestellten Kühlmittelkühler verbunden. Der Sichellüfter 12 kann als Mantellüfter ausgebildet sein und einen mit den Schaufelspitzen verbundenen Mantel 12a aufweisen, welcher im Zargenring 13 umläuft. Der Elektromotor 11 ist über Streben 15 mit dem Zargenring 13 bzw. mit der Zarge 14 verbunden. Zarge 14 und Zargenring 13 sind vorzugsweise einstückig als Kunststoffspritzteil ausgebildet. Am Außenumfang des Zargenringes 13 sind gekrümmt ausgebildete, im Wesentlichen in radialer Richtung verlaufende Strömungsleitflächen 16 angeordnet, welche vorzugsweise am Zargenring 13 angespritzt sind. Die Strömungsleitflächen 16 sind als Zylinderflächen ausgebildet und nicht über den gesamten Umfang des Zargenringes 13 verteilt, sondern nur so weit, dass sie nicht über den äußeren Rand des Rechteckquerschnittes der Zarge 14 hinausragen.Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention, namely a cooling device 10, which has a driven by an electric motor 11 axial fan 12, a so-called sickle fan. The fan 12 runs in a Zargenring 13, which is part of a rectangular-shaped frame 14 (fan cover). The frame 14 is connected to a coolant cooler, not shown. The sickle-shaped fan 12 can be designed as a jacket fan and have a jacket 12 a connected to the blade tips, which rotates in the frame ring 13. The electric motor 11 is connected via struts 15 with the frame ring 13 and with the frame 14. Frame 14 and Zargenring 13 are preferably integrally formed as a plastic injection molded part. On the outer circumference of the Zargenringes 13 are curved, substantially extending in the radial direction flow guide surfaces 16 arranged, which are preferably molded onto the frame ring 13. The flow guide surfaces 16 are formed as cylindrical surfaces and not distributed over the entire circumference of the Zargenringes 13, but only so far that they do not protrude beyond the outer edge of the rectangular cross-section of the frame 14.

Fig. 4 zeigt einen Teilschnitt entsprechend der Ebene IV-IV in Fig. 3. Der Lüfter 12, welcher in dem Zargenring 13 umläuft, ist in dieser Darstellung weggelassen. Die Strömungsrichtung der Luft ist mit einem Pfeil L dargestellt. Stromabwärts des Zargenringes 13 schließen die Strömungsleitflächen 16 direkt an den Zargenring 13 an; sie sind vorzugsweise zylindrisch gekrümmt, und zwar mit einer Zylinderachse, die parallel zur Mittelachse a des Zargenringes 13 verläuft. Damit ist eine Ausformung von Zargenring 13 und Strömungsieittlächen 16 ohne weiteres möglich.Fig. 4 shows a partial section corresponding to the plane IV-IV in Fig. 3. The fan 12, which rotates in the Zargenring 13, is omitted in this illustration. The flow direction of the air is shown by an arrow L. Downstream of the Zargenringes 13 connect the flow guide 16 directly to the Zargenring 13; they are preferably cylindrically curved, with a cylinder axis which runs parallel to the central axis a of the frame ring 13. For a formation of Zargenring 13 and flow surfaces 16 is readily possible.

Die Wirkung der Strömungsleitflächen 16 besteht darin, dass die austretende Lüfterströmung in eine radiale Richtung umgelenkt, ein Druckrückgewinn erzielt und eine Rezirkulation vermieden wird.The effect of the flow guide surfaces 16 is that the exiting fan flow is deflected in a radial direction, achieved a pressure recovery and recirculation is avoided.

Claims (16)

Kühlvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Brennkraftmaschine (2), umfassend einen von Luft durchströmbaren Kühlmittelkühler (3), einen in Luftströmungsrichtung (L) hinter dem Kühlmittelkühler (3) angeordneten Axiallüfter (4), eine zwischen dem Kühlmittelkühler (3) und dem Axiallüfter (4) angeordnete Zarge (5) mit einem Zargenring (6), in welchem der Axiallüfter (4) drehbar angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Luftströmungsrichtung (L) hinter dem Axiallüfter (4, 4b) im Wesentlichen in radialer Richtung verlaufende Strömungsleitelemente (9), im Folgenden radiale Strömungsleitelemente (9) genannt, angeordnet sind.Cooling device for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine (2) comprising an air-flowable coolant radiator (3), an axial fan (4) arranged in the air flow direction (L) behind the coolant radiator (3), between the coolant radiator (3) and the axial fan (3). 4) arranged frame (5) with a Zargenring (6), in which the axial fan (4) is rotatably arranged, characterized in that in the air flow direction (L) behind the axial fan (4, 4b) extending substantially in the radial direction flow guide elements ( 9), hereinafter called radial flow guide elements (9), are arranged. Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Strämungsleitefemente (9) am Zargenring (6) befestigt sind.Cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial Strämungsleitefemente (9) on the Zargenring (6) are attached. Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9) über den Umfang des Lüfters (4b) verteilt angeordnet sind.Cooling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the radial flow guide elements (9) are arranged distributed over the circumference of the fan (4b). Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9) schaufelförmig ausgebildet sind.Cooling device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the radial flow guide elements (9) are formed scoop-shaped. Kühlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9) über einen radialen Bereich vom Nabendurchmesser DN bis zum Lüfterdurchmesser DL erstrecken.Cooling device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the radial flow guide elements (9) via a radial range from the hub diameter D N to the fan diameter D L extend. Kühlvorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9) eine axiale Tiefe aufweisen, die von radial innen nach radial außen zunimmt.Cooling device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the radial flow guide elements (9) have an axial depth which increases from radially inward to radially outward. Kühlvorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9) Vorderkanten (9a) aufweisen, die im Wesentlichen in einer Radialebene angeordnet sind.Cooling device according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the radial flow guide elements (9) have leading edges (9a) which are arranged substantially in a radial plane. Kühlvorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsleitelemente (9) hinterkanten (9b) aufweisen, die in Umfangsrichtung gekrümmt sind.Cooling device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the flow guide elements (9) have rear edges (9b) which are curved in the circumferential direction. Kühlvorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zargenring (6) luftabströmseitig radial zu einer als Diffusor ausgebildeten Strömungsleiteinrichtung (7) erweitert ist und dass die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9) an der Strömungsleiteinrichtung (7) befestigt sind.Cooling device according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Zargenring (6) is expanded radially downstream of a Luftabströmseitig designed as a diffuser Strömungsleiteinrichtung (7) and that the radial flow guide elements (9) on the flow guide (7) are attached. Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9) vom Nabendurchmesser DN bis zum Außendurchmesser DD des Diffusors (7) erstrecken.Cooling device according to claim 9, characterized in that the radial flow guide elements (9) extend from the hub diameter D N to the outside diameter D D of the diffuser (7). Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9) vom Lüfterdurchmesser DL bis zum Außendurchmesser DD des Diffusors (7) erstrecken.Cooling device according to claim 9, characterized in that the radial flow guide elements (9) extend from the fan diameter D L to the outer diameter D D of the diffuser (7). Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Strömungsleitelemente (9, 9d, 9e) im radial äußeren Bereich des Diffusors (7) in Umfangsrichtung verstärkt vorwärts oder rückwärts gekrümmt sind.Cooling device according to claim 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the radial flow guide elements (9, 9d, 9e) in the radially outer region of the diffuser (7) in the circumferential direction reinforced curved forward or backward. Kühlvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Brennkraftmaschine (2), umfassend einen von Luft durchströmbaren Kühlmittelkühler, einen in Luftströmungsrichtung (L) hinter dem Kühlmittelkühler angeordneten, von einem Elektromotor (11) antreibbaren Axiallüfter (12), eine zwischen dem Kühlmittelkühler und dem Axiallüfter (12) angeordnete Zarge (14) mit einem Zargenring (13), in welchem der Axiallüfter (12) drehbar angeordnet und mit dem Elektromotor (11) gegenüber der Zarge (14) befestigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass radial außerhalb und lufftstromabwärts des Zargenringes (13) im Wesentlichen radial verlaufende Strömungsleitflächen (16) angeordnet sind.Cooling device for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine (2) comprising a coolant radiator through which air can flow, an axial fan (12) which can be driven by an electric motor (11) behind the coolant radiator, and an axial fan (12) between the coolant radiator and the axial fan (12 ) arranged frame (14) with a Zargenring (13), in which the axial fan (12) rotatably mounted and with the electric motor (11) opposite the frame (14) is fixed, characterized in that radially outward and lufftstromabwärts the Zargenringes (13 ) are arranged substantially radially extending flow guide surfaces (16). Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsleitflächen (16) am Zargenring (13) angespritzt sind.Cooling device according to claim 13, characterized in that the flow guide surfaces (16) are injection-molded on the frame ring (13). Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsleitffächen (16) in Umfangsrichtung gekrümmt sind.Cooling device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the Strömungsleitffächen (16) are curved in the circumferential direction. Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsleitflächen (16) zumindest teilweise über den Umfang des Zargenringes (13) verteilt angeordnet sind.Cooling device according to claim 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that the flow guide surfaces (16) are at least partially distributed over the circumference of the Zargenringes (13).
EP07013631.2A 2006-08-10 2007-07-12 Cooling device for a motor vehicle Not-in-force EP1887195B1 (en)

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