EP1885668B1 - Pyrotechnische temperatursicherung - Google Patents

Pyrotechnische temperatursicherung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1885668B1
EP1885668B1 EP06716920.1A EP06716920A EP1885668B1 EP 1885668 B1 EP1885668 B1 EP 1885668B1 EP 06716920 A EP06716920 A EP 06716920A EP 1885668 B1 EP1885668 B1 EP 1885668B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
thermal fuse
pyrotechnic composition
pyrotechnic
nitro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP06716920.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1885668A4 (de
EP1885668A1 (de
Inventor
Stefan RÖSTLUND
Carin VÖRDE
Conny Sjöqvist
Staffan Calsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saab AB
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Saab AB
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pyrotechnic thermal fuse, that is, a pellet consisting of a substance with well-defined auto-ignition temperature.
  • the field of application for the invention relates to gas generators that inflate an airbag in a vehicle.
  • Thermal fuses are used in the automotive industry in the gas generators used to inflate airbags in the event of a collision.
  • the function of the thermal fuse is to prevent an explosion in the generator during a fire when all the powder within it could potentially heat up and ignite simultaneously with an instantaneous ignition as a result.
  • the thermal fuse has a considerably lower auto-ignition temperature than the remaining substances in the generator, which causes the pellet to ignite before the remaining substances. This will result in a normal inflation of the airbag.
  • thermal fuse The main requirement on a thermal fuse is stability during several tests to be able to guarantee functioning even after a long storage time. Furthermore it is required that a thermal fuse have a considerably lower auto-ignition temperature than the remaining substances in the gas generator to be able to function satisfactorily. Another requirement is that a thermal fuse survives storage at 140°C for six hours without igniting but without the requirement that it function after the test. A thermal fuse must even pass a Bonfire test to demonstrate functionality under realistic conditions in which a gas generator heats up during a fire.
  • USA patent 5,866,842 describes a composition that ignites between 130-175°C. It consists of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO) together with among other ingredients potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and boron.
  • NTO 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one
  • USA patent US20030145922 A1 discuses preferred organic gas-producing fuels for use in igniter compositions.
  • Preferred organic gas-producing fuels contain nitrates of amine or urea derivate.
  • One main objective of the invention is to provide a pyrotechnic thermal fuse that fulfills all of the requirements on such a device.
  • the pyrotechnic thermal fuse has a well-defined auto-ignition temperature plus good stability during storage at 107°C for 408 hours and survives six hours at 140°C without igniting.
  • a pyrotechnic thermal fuse is made by mixing fuel with oxidizer together with a reducing agent in the form of a slag former in various compositions. These compositions show no sign of being hygroscopic, which can be positive if they should come into contact with moisture inside the gas generator. Some of the tested compositions will be described in a number of examples below.
  • the present invention is intended for use for example in the gas generators used to inflate airbags in the event of a collision.
  • the invention is placed in a gas generator together with the gas-generating substance found in the above-mentioned gas generators.
  • the invention is a pyrotechnic thermal fuse composed of a number of compositions with well-defined auto-ignition temperatures. These auto-ignition temperatures should be considerably lower than the gas-generating substances in the gas generator in order to fulfill the purpose of the thermal fuse.
  • the purpose is that the pyrotechnic thermal fuse should ignite the gas-generating substances in the gas generator during a fire and in that way create a controllable function to prevent a potential explosion.
  • the pyrotechnic thermal fuse is compatible with several different gas-generating substances. These gas-generating substances have had auto-ignition temperature from 200°C and upward.
  • the pyrotechnic thermal fuse produces a spontaneous ignition at a well-defined auto-ignition temperature between 150-180°C depending on the composition and it is thermally stable in the tests that have been conducted, 107°C for 408 hours and it survives six hours at 140°C without igniting.
  • the pyrotechnic thermal fuse even survives a cycle test in the temperature range -40°C to 90°C.
  • the pyrotechnic thermal fuse to which the invention applies can have different auto-ignition temperatures depending on the mixing proportions of the component parts.
  • These components are Guanylurea nitrate and/or Guanylurea dinitramide in proportions of 5-50 percent by weight together with 3-nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-one (NTO) in proportions of 5-50 percent by weight.
  • oxidizing agent taken from the nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates and oxides of transition metals in the periodic table in proportions of 5-40 percent by weight.
  • oxidizing agent taken from the nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates and oxides of transition metals in the periodic table in proportions of 5-40 percent by weight.
  • one or more slag-forming substance from one of the groups in the periodic table including Boron or Zirconium in proportions of 0.5-10 percent by weight.
  • compositions of the pyrotechnic thermal fuse include 1. Guanylurea dinitramide 35 percent by weight
  • test compositions have been produced for this purpose by dry-blending the component parts and then sifting them through 100 mesh sized wire sieve. Pellets of 5 mm diameter have been pressed from the compositions and these have then been used to test auto-ignition temperatures. A pressure exponent has even been measured for Examples No. 1 and 2. The following abbreviations have been used for the tests:
  • composition was prepared in accordance with the following formula where the percentage applies to percentage by weight:
  • composition was prepared in accordance with the following formula where the percentage applies to percentage by weight:

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung, die für eine Thermosicherung vorgesehen ist, um bei einer wohldefinierten Selbstentzündungstemperatur eine Selbstentzündung auszulösen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung umfasst: 5 - 50 Gewichts-% Guanylureadinitramid, 5 - 50 Gewichts-% 3-Nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-on, 5 - 40 Gewichts-% Oxidationsmittel und 0,5 - 10 Gewichts-% Schlackebildner.
  2. Pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung 35 Gewichts-% Guanylureadinitramid, 40 Gewichts-% 3-Nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-on, 5 Gewichts-% Bor und 20 Gewichts-% Kaliumnitrat umfasst.
  3. Pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung 35 Gewichts-% Guanylureadinitramid, 35 Gewichts-% 3-Nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-on, 10 Gewichts-% Zirkonium und 20 Gewichts-% Kaliumnitrat umfasst.
  4. Pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung, die für eine Thermosicherung vorgesehen ist, um bei einer wohldefinierten Selbstentzündungstemperatur eine Selbstentzündung auszulösen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung umfasst: 5 - 50 Gewichts-% Guanylureadinitramid, 5 - 50 Gewichts-% Hydrazinsalz von 3-Nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-on, 5 - 40 Gewichts-% Oxidationsmittel und 0,5 - 10 Gewichts-% Schlackebildner.
EP06716920.1A 2005-05-26 2006-02-22 Pyrotechnische temperatursicherung Active EP1885668B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0501183A SE527743C2 (sv) 2005-05-26 2005-05-26 Pyroteknisk termisk säkring
PCT/SE2006/000230 WO2006126927A1 (en) 2005-05-26 2006-02-22 Pyrotechnic thermal fuse

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1885668A1 EP1885668A1 (de) 2008-02-13
EP1885668A4 EP1885668A4 (de) 2011-03-16
EP1885668B1 true EP1885668B1 (de) 2014-06-18

Family

ID=36499124

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06716920.1A Active EP1885668B1 (de) 2005-05-26 2006-02-22 Pyrotechnische temperatursicherung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1885668B1 (de)
SE (1) SE527743C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2006126927A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8778104B1 (en) 2008-04-22 2014-07-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Insensitive gun propellant, ammunition round assembly, armament system, and related methods
US8425703B1 (en) 2010-03-24 2013-04-23 The United States of Amierica as Represented by the Secretary of the Navy Insensitive munitions primers

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5084118A (en) 1990-10-23 1992-01-28 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Ignition composition for inflator gas generators
US5380380A (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-01-10 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Ignition compositions for inflator gas generators
US5866842A (en) 1996-07-18 1999-02-02 Primex Technologies, Inc. Low temperature autoigniting propellant composition
US6453816B2 (en) 1996-07-20 2002-09-24 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff-Und Systemtechnik Temperature fuse with lower detonation point
US20030145922A1 (en) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-07 Taylor Robert D. Vehicular occupant restraint
DE202004009449U1 (de) * 2004-06-15 2004-10-28 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung
DE202004009621U1 (de) * 2004-06-18 2004-08-19 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006126927A1 (en) 2006-11-30
SE0501183L (sv) 2006-05-30
SE527743C2 (sv) 2006-05-30
EP1885668A4 (de) 2011-03-16
EP1885668A1 (de) 2008-02-13

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