Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
  • B01J2/20—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by expressing the material, e.g. through sieves and fragmenting the extruded length
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B9/00—Making granules
  • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
  • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
  • B29B9/065—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion under-water, e.g. underwater pelletizers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B9/00—Making granules
  • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
  • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
  • H02K7/12—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for granulating material extruded from at least one nozzle, in particular thermoplastic material, with a perforated plate having the nozzle (s) facing a cutter head carrying at least one knife, which is fastened to a shaft which is secured by a motor is driven for rotational movement and is adjustable in its axial direction, so that each knife passes in abutment with the nozzle orifice and thereby rejects the granules, which are derived from an introduced into a perforated plate surrounding the granulating housing cooling medium from the Granuliergeophuse, the motor by means of a Suspension is movably suspended relative to the Granuliergephase, which mobility is given only in the axial direction of the shaft, and wherein an adjusting device for the axial displacement of the motor with respect to the perforated plate is present.
• Granulating devices in which the shaft is adjustable in the axial direction, are known in many designs. Often the shaft of the cutter head is mounted in a quill, which is axially displaceable. As a result, it is always possible to set the desired contact pressure of the knives on the perforated plate.
• the torque is usually transmitted to the blade shaft via a toothed coupling. If water is used as the cooling medium for the chipped granules, which is usually the case, the blade shaft must be sealed against the housing. This results in friction-related difficulties.
• the axial displacement of the blade shaft also causes a shift of the running surface of the sealing ring, which causes the water seal, so that the friction conditions change continuously. Similarly, the friction values of the toothed clutch change when the blade width is shifted.
• the quill forming the bearing runs in a plain bearing, which must be lubricated. Again, there are different friction values over time, since the lubricant (mostly oil) more or less gummy after some time, so that a relatively high breakaway torque arises, which precludes the requirement that usually only a slight axial friction is desired. In addition, a Pinolenlagerung requires a certain effort.
• the invention has for its object to avoid the difficulties mentioned and to improve a device of the type described above so that the displacement of the blade shaft in the axial direction is not or only insignificantly reflected in a change in the friction conditions.
• the invention solves this problem in that at least one membrane is used for the suspension of the motor on Granuliergephaseuse.
• the motor also makes the axial adjustment of the blade shaft with the granulating device according to the invention, so that no relative displacement between the blade shaft and motor occurs and eliminates the difficulties that are due to a relative displacement between the blade shaft and motor.
• the suspension of the engine allows only its axial displacement, radial displacements, however, avoids or permits only to a very small extent, the radial positions of the blades are not affected in relation to the nozzle orifices and thus the impact of the knife.
• the use according to the invention of at least one membrane in comparison with the previously described known construction assures the advantage that uncontrolled friction conditions, such as are unavoidable in a rod guide, are avoided with certainty.
• the membranes can also be used for other purposes.
• the construction according to the invention also has the advantage that the motor can be arranged in Granuliergephaseuse itself, whereas in the last-described known construction for the motor own housing with the rod guide is present, which compared to the actual Granuliergeophuse by a shaft seal with respect to the Coolant is sealed.
• a sealing effect is achieved in the context of the invention by a membrane which is provided on the perforated plate facing the front end of the engine, optionally also at the opposite end of the engine.
• springs namely leaf springs, can also be considered as an alternative to diaphragms.
• Layered membranes are particularly suitable in the context of the invention, since they have a high rigidity in the radial direction.
• materials for the membranes are in particular by deposits reinforced plastics, such as copolymeric polyoxymethylene, polybutylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyphenylene ether, in particular reinforced by glass fibers such plastics.
• plastics such as copolymeric polyoxymethylene, polybutylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyphenylene ether, in particular reinforced by glass fibers such plastics.
• a glass fiber content of about 25% is sufficient, for the other types of plastic mentioned glass fiber shares of about 30% are cheaper.
• the membranes for use in the context of the invention are also sufficient as support for the torque exerted by the shaft. If necessary, an additional support can be formed by a stop.
• FIG. 1 shows the device in the resting state and in axial section, wherein Fig. 2 is a section along the line II to II of Fig. 1.
• Fig. 3 shows the device in a section similar to FIG. 1, but in the operating state, wherein FIG. 4 is a section along the line IV to IV of FIG. 3.
• the device has a cylindrical Granuliergeper 1, which is sealed at its one end face by a perforated plate 2.
• a supply channel 3 for the plasticized material to be granulated, in particular thermoplastic material is provided, which flows in the direction of arrow 4 from the supply channel 3 into a plurality of distribution channels 5, which open at the end face 6 of the perforated plate 2 in the nozzle 7, the are arranged in a circle and at regular intervals around the central longitudinal axis 8 of the granulating 1.
• This axis 8 at the same time forms the axis of rotation of a shaft 9, which carries at its end facing the perforated plate 2 a cutter head 10 which is equipped with a plurality of knives 11, which in the rotation of the shaft 9 in the direction of arrow 12 (FIG Smooth the mouths of the nozzles 7 and thereby reject the ejected from the nozzles 7 plastic mass in granules.
• the rotation of the shaft 9 causes a motor 13 which is suspended at its two ends by means of a suspension formed by two membranes 14 15 on the cylindrical wall 16 of the granulating 1 so that the motor 13 and thus the shaft 9 mounted in it well in Direction of the axis 8 is adjustable, but not or not essential in the radial direction thereto.
• this is achieved in that the two membranes 14 are arranged at the two ends of the motor 13.
• the two diaphragms 14 are clamped at their outer periphery to the wall 16 and in their central region to flanges 17, 18 connected to the motor housing, which are arranged at the two front ends of the motor housing.
• the flange 17, which is closer to the perforated plate 2 also serves to receive a shaft seal 19, which is tight in relation to the cooling water introduced into the granulating housing 1. Equally tight is the attachment of the outer edge of the hole plate side membrane 14 on Granuliergephase 1.
• the motor 13 receiving space 20 is thus sealed against the introduced into the granulation 1 coolant, in particular cooling water.
• This cooling water is supplied via a line 21 in the direction of the arrow 22 (FIG. 3) and flows into an annular space 23 surrounding the perforated plate 2, from which it enters the interior of the granulating housing 1 through a multiplicity of openings 24, in the form of a water film sweeps along the inside of the wall 16 and thereby cools the cut off by the knives 11 granules immediately after their formation, so that caking of these grains is prevented.
• the cooled granulate particles are discharged together with the cooling water via an outlet line 25 in the direction of arrow 26 from the Granuliergephase 1.
• the shaft 9 together with the motor 13 driving it is adjustable in the direction of the axis 8.
• an adjusting device 27 which may be formed by an actuator of any kind, for example via thread, a magnet, by means of servomotor, etc.
• the adjustment is attached to the granulator 1 and engages the housing of the motor 13. It is advantageous here that no influence by friction values arises.
• the bending force for the two membranes 14 can be determined or calculated and does not change in any way, since it always remains the same over time.
• a further advantage lies in a reduction of the component costs in comparison to known constructions and furthermore in the fact that the shaft seal 19 does not shift relative to the shaft 9, so that the friction conditions occurring there remain much more constant over time. Further eliminates the need for known constructions transfer of torque via an axially displaceable toothed coupling, so that the occurring on the shaft, required for granulate deflection torque can be used as a real measure. Suitable devices for this purpose are known.
• Another advantage of the construction according to the invention is that a positive wear behavior of the blade 11 is achieved because vibrations of the components 11 supporting the blades are avoided.
• Suitable materials for the membranes are known, e.g. Foils of metal or plastic. Particularly suitable are membranes with layered construction, resulting in high radial stiffness an axially higher bending ability.
• the two membranes 14 are relaxed, so they are each in a plane.
• the motor 13 and thus on the shaft 9, the granulating 11 are pressed against the perforated plate 2 by means of the adjusting device 9, with the respective desired contact pressure, which by appropriate control of the adjusting device 27, about the already mentioned Drehmomentabriplung (power consumption of the motor 13) is carried out in a simple manner.
• the invention is applicable to both underwater granulating devices and hot blast granulating devices.
• the Granuliergepur 1 may be filled with water or, as shown in the drawing, it can be carried out by a film of water, the removal of the granules.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Glanulating (AREA)
• Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
• Polarising Elements (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

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• 2005
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• 2006
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  • 2006-05-16 EP EP06721254A patent/EP1881887B1/fr active Active
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