EP1870561B1 - Leading edge cooling of a gas turbine component using staggered turbulator strips - Google Patents
Leading edge cooling of a gas turbine component using staggered turbulator strips Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1870561B1 EP1870561B1 EP07252545.4A EP07252545A EP1870561B1 EP 1870561 B1 EP1870561 B1 EP 1870561B1 EP 07252545 A EP07252545 A EP 07252545A EP 1870561 B1 EP1870561 B1 EP 1870561B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- leading edge
- trip strips
- trip
- turbine engine
- engine component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/187—Convection cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
- F05D2240/121—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes related to the leading edge of a stator vane
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05D2240/303—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the leading edge of a rotor blade
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/221—Improvement of heat transfer
- F05D2260/2212—Improvement of heat transfer by creating turbulence
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/221—Improvement of heat transfer
- F05D2260/2214—Improvement of heat transfer by increasing the heat transfer surface
- F05D2260/22141—Improvement of heat transfer by increasing the heat transfer surface using fins or ribs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to enhanced cooling of the leading edge of airfoil portions of turbine engine components using trip strips that are preferably staggered and that are wrapped around the nose of the leading edge cavity.
- FIG. 1 where there is shown an airfoil portion 10 of a turbine engine component 12. As can be seen from the figure, a radial flow leading edge cavity 14 is used to effect cooling of the leading edge region.
- FIG. 1 Another exemplary prior art cooling arrangement is shown in US 6,068,445 .
- the present invention provides a turbine engine component as set forth in claim 1.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the leading edge 30 of an airfoil portion 32 of a turbine engine component.
- the leading edge 30 has a leading edge cavity 34 in which a cooling fluid, such as engine bleed air, flows in a radial direction.
- the leading edge 30 also has a nose portion 36 and an external stagnation region 38.
- trip strips are desirable to provide adequate cooling of the leading edge, especially at the nose portion 36 of the airfoil portion 32 adjacent to the external stagnation region 38.
- the trip strip arrangement which will be discussed hereinafter provides high heat transfer to the leading edge 30 of the airfoil portion 32.
- a plurality of trip strips 40 are positioned on the pressure side 42 of the airfoil portion 32, while, as shown in FIGS. 2 , 3, and 6 , a plurality of trip strips 44 are placed on the suction side 46 of the airfoil portion 32.
- the trip strips 40 on the pressure side 42 are wrapped around the leading edge nose portion 36.
- the curvature of the leading edge nose portion 36 causes the trip strips 40 to be oriented more or less normal to the direction of flow 48 (see FIG. 6 ).
- the flow is tripped and generates a large vortex 49 at the leading edge (see FIG. 7 ). This large vortex generates very high heat transfer coefficients at the leading edge nose 36.
- the trip strips 40 and the trip strips 44 are preferably staggered approximately one half pitch apart between the suction side 46 and the pressure side 42 of the airfoil portion 32. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7 , there is also a gap 47 between adjacent ones of the trip strips 40 and the trip strips 44. Each gap 47 is located along a parting line 70 of the airfoil portion 32.
- the orientation of the trip strips 40 and 44 in the cavity 34 also increases heat transfer at the leading edge 30 of the airfoil portion 32.
- the trip strips 40 and 44 may be oriented at an angle ⁇ of approximately 45 degrees relative to the flow direction 48.
- the leading edges 54 and 56 of the trip strips 40 and 44 are positioned in the region of highest heat load, in this case the leading edge nose 36.
- This trip strip orientation permits the creation of a turbulent vortex 49 in the cavity 34.
- the cooling fluid initially hits the leading edges 54 and 56 of the trip strip and separates from the airfoil surface. The flow then re-attaches downstream of the trip strip leading edges 54 and 56 and moves toward the divider rib 60 between the leading edge cavity 34 and the adjacent cavity 62.
- trip strip configuration allows for cooling flow to impinge on the leading edge nose 36, further enhancing heat transfer.
- the leading edge of the trip strips 40 and 44 is located near the nose 36 of the leading edge cavity 34.
- trip strips 40 although skewed at an angle ⁇ with respect to the direction of flow 48 along the pressure-side wall 42, become normal to the direction of flow 48 as they wrap around the nose 36 of the leading edge cavity 34, increasing the turbulent vortex 49 generated by the trip strips 40 and 44, and subsequently increasing the heat transfer coefficient.
- the staggered and 45 degree angled trip strips generate a vortex that impinges flow onto the nose 36 of the leading edge cavity.
- the trip strip configuration of the present invention maintains a P/E ratio between 3 and 25 where P is the radial pitch in between trip strips and E is trip strip height. Further, the trip strip configuration described herein maintains an E/H ratio of between 0.15 and 1.50 where E is trip strip height and H is the height of the cavity 34.
- Airflow testing has shown that the heat transfer coefficients at the leading edge of the airfoil adjacent to the external stagnation region when using the staggered trip strips of the present invention are enhanced by approximately two times, greatly increasing airfoil oxidation and thermo-mechanical fatigue cracking life.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to enhanced cooling of the leading edge of airfoil portions of turbine engine components using trip strips that are preferably staggered and that are wrapped around the nose of the leading edge cavity.
- Due to the extreme environment in which they are used, some turbine engine components, such as blades and vanes, are cooled. A variety of different cooling techniques have been employed. One such scheme is illustrated in
FIG. 1 where there is shown anairfoil portion 10 of aturbine engine component 12. As can be seen from the figure, a radial flow leadingedge cavity 14 is used to effect cooling of the leading edge region. Another exemplary prior art cooling arrangement is shown inUS 6,068,445 . - Despite the existence of such a cooling scheme, there remains a need for improving the cooling of the leading edge of the airfoil portions of turbine engine components.
- Accordingly, it is an aim of the present invention to provide enhanced cooling for the leading edge of airfoil portions of turbine engine components.
- The present invention provides a turbine engine component as set forth in claim 1.
- Other details of the leading edge cooling using staggered trip strips of the present invention, as well as other advantages attendant thereto, are set forth in the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals depict like elements.
-
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art turbine engine component having a radial flow leading edge cavity; -
FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-section of a leading edge portion of an airfoil used in a turbine engine component having staggered and wrapped trip strips; -
FIG. 3 illustrates the trip strips on the suction side of the leading edge portion; -
FIG. 4 illustrates the trip strips on the pressure side of the leading edge portion; -
FIG. 5 illustrates the placement of the leading edge of the staggered trip strips; -
FIG. 6 is a three dimensional view of the leading edge trip strips; and -
FIG. 7 illustrates the vortex generated in the leading edge cavity. - Referring now to the drawings,
FIG. 2 illustrates the leadingedge 30 of anairfoil portion 32 of a turbine engine component. As can be seen from this figure, the leadingedge 30 has a leadingedge cavity 34 in which a cooling fluid, such as engine bleed air, flows in a radial direction. The leadingedge 30 also has anose portion 36 and anexternal stagnation region 38. - It has been found that trip strips are desirable to provide adequate cooling of the leading edge, especially at the
nose portion 36 of theairfoil portion 32 adjacent to theexternal stagnation region 38. The trip strip arrangement which will be discussed hereinafter provides high heat transfer to the leadingedge 30 of theairfoil portion 32. - As shown in
FIGS. 2 ,5 and 6 , a plurality oftrip strips 40 are positioned on thepressure side 42 of theairfoil portion 32, while, as shown inFIGS. 2 ,3, and 6 , a plurality oftrip strips 44 are placed on thesuction side 46 of theairfoil portion 32. Referring now toFIGS. 2 and6 , thetrip strips 40 on thepressure side 42 are wrapped around the leadingedge nose portion 36. As the pressureside trip strips 40 wrap around the leading edge, the curvature of the leadingedge nose portion 36 causes thetrip strips 40 to be oriented more or less normal to the direction of flow 48 (seeFIG. 6 ). As cooling air passes over the thusoriented trip strips 40, the flow is tripped and generates alarge vortex 49 at the leading edge (seeFIG. 7 ). This large vortex generates very high heat transfer coefficients at the leadingedge nose 36. - Referring now to
FIGS. 4 and 6 , it can be seen that thetrip strips 40 and thetrip strips 44 are preferably staggered approximately one half pitch apart between thesuction side 46 and thepressure side 42 of theairfoil portion 32. As shown inFIGS. 2 and7 , there is also agap 47 between adjacent ones of thetrip strips 40 and thetrip strips 44. Eachgap 47 is located along aparting line 70 of theairfoil portion 32. - The orientation of the
trip strips cavity 34 also increases heat transfer at the leadingedge 30 of theairfoil portion 32. If desired, thetrip strips flow direction 48. The leadingedges trip strips edge nose 36. This trip strip orientation permits the creation of aturbulent vortex 49 in thecavity 34. The cooling fluid initially hits the leadingedges strip leading edges divider rib 60 between the leadingedge cavity 34 and theadjacent cavity 62. As the flow approaches thedivider rib 60, it is forced toward the opposite airfoil wall. The flow is directed perpendicular to the pressure side andsuction side walls cavity 34. The flow is now forced back towards the leadingedge 30 of theairfoil portion 32. The result of this flow migration causes alarge vortex 49 that drives flow into the leading edge of the cavity, acting as an impingement jet which also enhances heat transfer at the leadingedge nose 36. - Using the trip strip configuration of the present invention, radial flowing leading edge cavities of turbine engine components will see an increase in convective heat transfer at the leading edge nose of the cavity.
- The particular orientation of the trip strip configuration allows for cooling flow to impinge on the leading
edge nose 36, further enhancing heat transfer. The leading edge of thetrip strips nose 36 of the leadingedge cavity 34. - The trip strips 40, although skewed at an angle α with respect to the direction of
flow 48 along the pressure-side wall 42, become normal to the direction offlow 48 as they wrap around thenose 36 of the leadingedge cavity 34, increasing theturbulent vortex 49 generated by thetrip strips - Away from the leading
edge nose 36, the staggered and 45 degree angled trip strips generate a vortex that impinges flow onto thenose 36 of the leading edge cavity. - The trip strip configuration of the present invention maintains a P/E ratio between 3 and 25 where P is the radial pitch in between trip strips and E is trip strip height. Further, the trip strip configuration described herein maintains an E/H ratio of between 0.15 and 1.50 where E is trip strip height and H is the height of the
cavity 34. - Airflow testing has shown that the heat transfer coefficients at the leading edge of the airfoil adjacent to the external stagnation region when using the staggered trip strips of the present invention are enhanced by approximately two times, greatly increasing airfoil oxidation and thermo-mechanical fatigue cracking life.
Claims (8)
- A turbine engine component comprising:an airfoil portion (32) having a leading edge (30), a suction side (46), a pressure side (42) and a trailing edge;a radial flow leading edge cavity (34) through which a cooling fluid flows for cooling said leading edge and a divider rib (60) between said leading edge cavity (34) and an adjacent cavity (62); andmeans for generating a vortex (49) in said leading edge cavity (34) which impinges on a nose portion (36) of said leading edge cavity (34);wherein said vortex generating means comprises a plurality of first trip strips (40) wrapped around said nose portion (36) of said leading edge cavity (34) and a plurality of second trip strips (44), wherein said first trip strips (40) are mounted to the pressure side (42) of said airfoil portion (32) and said second trip strips (44) are mounted on said suction side (46) of said airfoil portion (32), and wherein said first trip strips (40) are skewed at an angle α with respect to the direction of flow (48) of said cooling fluid along the pressure side (42) of the airfoil portion (32) and become normal to the direction of flow (48) as they wrap around said nose portion (36) of said leading edge cavity (34); whereinthere are a plurality of gaps (47) between adjacent ones of said first trip strips (40; 44) and said second trip strips (44; 40);characterised in that said plurality of gaps (47) are located along a parting line (70) of said airfoil portion (32).
- The turbine engine component according to claim 1, wherein said first trip strips (40; 44) and said second trip strips (44; 40) are staggered.
- The turbine engine component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said first trip strips (40; 44) and second trip strips (44; 40) are positioned along a direction of flow (48) of said cooling fluid.
- The turbine engine component according to claim 3, wherein said first and second trip strips (40; 44) are each oriented at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the direction of flow of said cooling fluid.
- The turbine engine component according to claim 3, wherein each of said first and second trip strips (40; 44) has a leading edge and said leading edge of each of said trip strips is positioned in a region of highest heat load.
- The turbine engine component according to any of claims 3 to 5, wherein said trip strips (40; 44) have a P/E ratio in the range of from 3 to 25 where P is a radial pitch between trip strips and E is trip strip height.
- The turbine engine component according to any of claims 3 to 6, wherein said trip strips (40; 44) have an E/H ratio between 0.15 and 1.50 where E is trip strip height and H is height of the cavity.
- The turbine engine component according to any of claims 3 to 6, wherein said first trip strips (40; 44) and said second trip strips (44; 40) are staggered approximately one half pitch apart.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/473,893 US20070297916A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2006-06-22 | Leading edge cooling using wrapped staggered-chevron trip strips |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1870561A2 EP1870561A2 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
EP1870561A3 EP1870561A3 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
EP1870561B1 true EP1870561B1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
Family
ID=38349575
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07252545.4A Revoked EP1870561B1 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2007-06-22 | Leading edge cooling of a gas turbine component using staggered turbulator strips |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070297916A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1870561B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008002464A (en) |
Families Citing this family (31)
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US8690538B2 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2014-04-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Leading edge cooling using chevron trip strips |
EP1921269A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine blade |
US8376706B2 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2013-02-19 | General Electric Company | Turbine airfoil concave cooling passage using dual-swirl flow mechanism and method |
US8348613B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2013-01-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Airflow influencing airfoil feature array |
US8821111B2 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2014-09-02 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Gas turbine vane with cooling channel end turn structure |
US8757961B1 (en) * | 2011-05-21 | 2014-06-24 | Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. | Industrial turbine stator vane |
US9995148B2 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2018-06-12 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for cooling gas turbine and rotor blades |
US9850762B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2017-12-26 | General Electric Company | Dust mitigation for turbine blade tip turns |
WO2014159800A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-10-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Obtuse angle chevron trip strip |
WO2014159589A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-10-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine component cooling with interleaved facing trip strips |
WO2015026430A1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2015-02-26 | United Technologies Corporation | Ducting platform cover plate |
WO2015065717A1 (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Pedestals with heat transfer augmenter |
WO2015094531A1 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine component cooling cavity with vortex promoting features |
CA2950011C (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2020-01-28 | General Electric Company | Fastback turbulator |
US10690055B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2020-06-23 | General Electric Company | Engine components with impingement cooling features |
US9957816B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2018-05-01 | General Electric Company | Angled impingement insert |
US10422235B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2019-09-24 | General Electric Company | Angled impingement inserts with cooling features |
US10364684B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2019-07-30 | General Electric Company | Fastback vorticor pin |
US10119404B2 (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2018-11-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas turbine engines with improved leading edge airfoil cooling |
US10280785B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2019-05-07 | General Electric Company | Shroud assembly for a turbine engine |
US10233775B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2019-03-19 | General Electric Company | Engine component for a gas turbine engine |
US10406596B2 (en) | 2015-05-01 | 2019-09-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Core arrangement for turbine engine component |
US10280841B2 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2019-05-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Baffle insert for a gas turbine engine component and method of cooling |
US10337334B2 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2019-07-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine component with a baffle insert |
US10422233B2 (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2019-09-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Baffle insert for a gas turbine engine component and component with baffle insert |
US10577947B2 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2020-03-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Baffle insert for a gas turbine engine component |
US10352177B2 (en) | 2016-02-16 | 2019-07-16 | General Electric Company | Airfoil having impingement openings |
US10590778B2 (en) | 2017-08-03 | 2020-03-17 | General Electric Company | Engine component with non-uniform chevron pins |
US10577944B2 (en) | 2017-08-03 | 2020-03-03 | General Electric Company | Engine component with hollow turbulators |
US11788416B2 (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2023-10-17 | Rtx Corporation | Gas turbine engine components having interlaced trip strip arrays |
CN115182787A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-10-14 | 上海交通大学 | Turbine blade and engine with improved leading edge swirl cooling capability |
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-
2006
- 2006-06-22 US US11/473,893 patent/US20070297916A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-06-19 JP JP2007160904A patent/JP2008002464A/en active Pending
- 2007-06-22 EP EP07252545.4A patent/EP1870561B1/en not_active Revoked
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US4775296A (en) | 1981-12-28 | 1988-10-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Coolable airfoil for a rotary machine |
US5232343A (en) | 1984-05-24 | 1993-08-03 | General Electric Company | Turbine blade |
US5052889A (en) | 1990-05-17 | 1991-10-01 | Pratt & Whintey Canada | Offset ribs for heat transfer surface |
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EP1469164A2 (en) | 2003-04-15 | 2004-10-20 | General Electric Company | Cooled turbine nozzle |
EP1473439A2 (en) | 2003-04-29 | 2004-11-03 | General Electric Company | Cooled castellated turbine airfoil |
EP1503038A1 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-02 | Snecma Moteurs | Cooling circuit for a turbine blade |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1870561A2 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
US20070297916A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
EP1870561A3 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
JP2008002464A (en) | 2008-01-10 |
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