EP1867922B1 - Vaporiser element for a vaporisation burner, in particular for a heating system in a vehicle or building - Google Patents

Vaporiser element for a vaporisation burner, in particular for a heating system in a vehicle or building Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1867922B1
EP1867922B1 EP20070010727 EP07010727A EP1867922B1 EP 1867922 B1 EP1867922 B1 EP 1867922B1 EP 20070010727 EP20070010727 EP 20070010727 EP 07010727 A EP07010727 A EP 07010727A EP 1867922 B1 EP1867922 B1 EP 1867922B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air inlet
housing
air
lug
evaporator assembly
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EP20070010727
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1867922A2 (en
EP1867922A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Pfister
Christoph Köberle
Jürgen Peschke
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Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
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J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1867922A3 publication Critical patent/EP1867922A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
    • F23D3/40—Burners using capillary action the capillary action taking place in one or more rigid porous bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/05002—Use of porous members to convert liquid fuel into vapor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an evaporator assembly for an evaporator burner comprising a housing having a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, wherein from the bottom wall an air inlet projection protrudes in the direction of the housing interior, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such evaporator assemblies are used for example in vehicle heaters, such.
  • auxiliary heater or heater used.
  • the air required for combustion with fuel vapor is introduced from the inside into the central region of the housing interior, that is to say a combustion chamber formed therein, via the air inlet approach.
  • the air inlet approach in its peripheral wall along the same extending slots, through which the air introduced into this radially outward and thus flows towards the peripheral wall of the housing of the evaporator assembly.
  • a swirl device is generally provided which ensures that the air flowing into the air inlet lug already has a swirl which is essentially centric to a longitudinal center axis of the housing.
  • An evaporator assembly according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 43 28 790 A1 known.
  • porous evaporator medium is provided on the inside of the peripheral wall of the housing, which receives liquid fuel and evaporates in the direction of the combustion chamber.
  • an antechamber is provided in which a part of the combustion air conveyed by a fan enters tangentially and thus experiences a swirl component before entering the air inlet approach.
  • a peripheral wall of the air inlet approach a plurality of openings are provided through which passes through a part of the combustion air introduced into this in the combustion chamber.
  • the other part of the combustion air portion passed through the air inlet lug flows out of the air inlet lug into the combustion chamber at its axially open end, which is covered by a baffle plate, with a radial flow direction.
  • the non-promoted by the air inlet approach part of the combustion air passes through openings provided in the peripheral wall of the outside of the combustion chamber defining openings in the combustion chamber.
  • the DE 21 29 663 A discloses an evaporative assembly having a housing comprising a peripheral wall and a bottom wall. On the bottom wall, a gasification body constructed of sintered material and thus porous is provided, which is provided with opening regions extending axially therethrough. A portion of the air intended for combustion flows in a bottom wall of the housing facing end of the porous gasification body in a pre-chamber provided therein, passes through a plurality of openings from the antechamber to a main chamber and enters, already enriched with fuel vapor, from the main chamber into a combustion chamber , The main air flow enters the combustion chamber through openings in the region of the bottom wall surrounding the porous gasification body on the outside of the gasification body, where it mixes with fuel vapor.
  • the DE 42 43 712 C1 shows an evaporator assembly with a housing with peripheral wall and bottom wall.
  • an absorbent body formed with a peripheral wall and a bottom wall is provided, which is axially open at its end which is surrounded by the circumferential wall of the housing.
  • liquid fuel is introduced and discharged via this toward a combustion chamber bounded by the housing.
  • a portion of the combustion air flow conveyed by a fan passes through openings in the peripheral wall of the absorbent body and emerges from the latter at its axially open end. Another portion of the combustion air flow is conveyed toward the outside of the peripheral wall of the housing and enters the combustion chamber through the opening provided therein.
  • an evaporator assembly for an evaporator burner according to claim 1.
  • This comprises a housing having a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, projecting from the bottom wall an air inlet approach towards the housing interior and wherein the air inlet approach has a peripheral wall without air passage openings and at its from the Bottom wall remote air inlet end is open.
  • a swirl device is provided upstream of the air inlet lug to swirl the air to be introduced into the air intake lug.
  • peripheral wall of the housing is at least partially covered with porous evaporator medium, fuel vapor can be discharged from this porous evaporator medium, for example, in the space region surrounding the air inlet approach.
  • the air introduced through the air inlet approach can not flow off radially outward, since the circumferential wall of the air inlet attachment has no openings. Rather, the entire air to be introduced flows through the air inlet end into the interior of the housing or those volume region in which the fuel vapor is also present.
  • an axial introduction of the air in the direction of the longitudinal center axis of the housing is provided, wherein the air entering in this axial direction essentially completely retains the previously given swirl, that is, for example, a swirl about the longitudinal center axis of the housing.
  • an air inlet opening is provided at the air inlet end.
  • the air inlet opening may be arranged substantially centrally with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the housing.
  • An acceleration of the air flow can be generated by a nozzle effect, for example, that at the air inlet end an end wall adjoins the peripheral wall of the air inlet approach and that the air inlet approach is open in the region of the end wall.
  • the peripheral wall of the air inlet approach may be formed substantially cylindrical, which primarily refers to the inner surface thereof, so that for the air to be introduced into the housing interior air in the air inlet approach a flow chamber with a substantially constant inner dimension, for example, is provided with a circular shape.
  • the peripheral wall of the air inlet neck in the direction away from the bottom wall has a decreasing inner dimension.
  • This decrease in the inner dimension of the peripheral wall of the air inlet approach may continue up to the air inlet end, or may continue to a minimum dimension, followed by an extension of the peripheral wall with correspondingly widening enclosed by this flow space in the direction of the air inlet end.
  • the peripheral wall of the air inlet approach is curved on its inner side in the direction of the housing longitudinal axis. Step-like or sudden changes in the internal dimension can thus be avoided.
  • the present invention further relates to an evaporator burner, in particular for vehicle heating or building heating, comprising an evaporator assembly as defined above.
  • FIG. 1 an evaporator burner 10 is shown in longitudinal section, which has a generally designated 12 evaporator assembly.
  • This evaporator assembly 12 includes a housing 14 having a peripheral wall 16, which has, for example, a circular cylindrical shape, and an adjoining and thus, for example, integrally formed bottom wall 18. From the bottom wall 18 is in the direction of the housing interior 20, which corresponds essentially to a combustion chamber 22, a Air intake approach 24 from.
  • This air inlet extension 24 which is arranged in the housing 14, for example, centrally to a housing longitudinal axis L and thus extends in the direction of this housing longitudinal axis L, together with the peripheral wall 16 and the bottom wall 18, the essential area of the combustion chamber 22nd
  • a flame tube 26 adjoins the circumferential wall 14, and, for example, in the flame tube 26, a flame cover 28 having a central opening 30 may be provided.
  • porous evaporator medium 32 The inside of the circumferential wall 16 facing the interior of the housing 20 is approximately covered with porous evaporator medium 32 in that length region which also corresponds to the longitudinal extent of the air inlet extension 24.
  • a fuel supply line 34 feeds liquid fuel into the porous evaporator medium 32, and this distributes the fuel fed by capillary action and gives it as fuel vapor at its side facing the combustion chamber 22 side.
  • the air inlet extension 24 is in the illustrated example of substantially cylindrical shape, thus has over its extension length an approximately constant dimension, in particular defined by the Innnradius Ri on. At one of the bottom wall 18 remote air inlet end 36 of the air inlet extension 24 is formed with a substantially this entire air inlet end 36 engaging opening 38 and thus axially open.
  • the air inlet approach 24 in the direction of flow arrows P first of radially outward and then axially deflected air thus flows along the air inlet approach 24 and exits through the opening 38 from this and thus enters the housing interior 20 and the still enclosed by the flame tube 26 volume range. There, the air mixes with the fuel vapor emitted by the porous evaporator medium 32, so that an ignitable or combustible mixture is generated.
  • a swirl device Upstream of the air inlet lug 24 there is provided a swirl device, generally 40 gauge.
  • This includes, for example, integrally formed with the housing 14 a plurality of the air to be introduced from radially outside to radially inwardly leading and circumferentially curved blades 42, which ensure that the air is passed not only from radially outside to radially inside, but also a Circumferential flow component experiences and thus passes as a swirl flow in the air inlet approach 24. That is, the air will flow along the housing longitudinal axis L as a vortex flow substantially helically about this housing longitudinal axis L and accordingly also flow as a vortex flow through the opening 38 into the combustion chamber 22.
  • FIG. 1 shows an air inlet lug 24 which extends over its entire radial extent in the. Region of the air inlet end 36 is open in Fig. 2 1 shows an embodiment in which the peripheral wall 44 of the air inlet attachment 24 is adjoined by an end wall 46, in which, for example, again centrally to the housing longitudinal axis L, the opening 38 is formed.
  • the passage cross-section of the opening 38 does not correspond to the inner dimension Ri of the air inlet extension 24, so that in the area in which the air from the air inlet approach 24 and enters the housing interior 20 and the combustion chamber 22, a nozzle effect can be generated.
  • FIG. 3 A similar effect can also be found in the Fig. 3 in which the peripheral wall 44 of the air inlet lug 24 is designed with an inner dimension Ri decreasing in the direction of the bottom wall 18, decreasing to an area approximately at the longitudinal center of the air inlet lug 24 with minimal inner dimension Ri min . From there, the internal dimension Ri then increases again, so that here a design in the manner of a Venturi nozzle is achieved.
  • Significant here is not only the variation of the inner dimension Ri, but also the continuous variation by curved configuration of the peripheral wall 44 on its inside, viewed in the direction of the housing longitudinal axis L. In this way, steps are prevented with disabilities of the swirl flows generated, provided this is not desired.
  • Fig. 4 For example, an embodiment is shown in which the inner dimension Ri of the peripheral wall 44 of the air inlet boss 24 decreases continuously from the bottom wall 18 towards the air inlet end 36, again with the circumferential wall 44 curved to provide a smooth transition to the smaller gauge portion.
  • NOx values can be achieved which are below a value of 60 mg / kWh while maintaining a minimum value for the CO 2 emissions of 11.8%.
  • This is one equipped with an evaporator assembly 12 according to the invention Evaporator burner not only suitable for use in vehicle heaters, but especially for use in building heating systems.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verdampferbaugruppe für einen Verdampferbrenner, umfassend ein Gehäuse mit einer Umfangswandung und einer Bodenwandung, wobei von der Bodenwandung ein Lufteinlassansatz in Richtung Gehäuseinneres hervorsteht, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an evaporator assembly for an evaporator burner comprising a housing having a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, wherein from the bottom wall an air inlet projection protrudes in the direction of the housing interior, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Verdampferbaugruppen werden beispielsweise in Fahrzeugheizgeräten, wie z. B. Standheizung oder Zuheizer, eingesetzt. Bei diesen Verdampferbaugruppen wird über den Lufteinlassansatz die zur Verbrennung mit Brennstoffdampf erforderliche Luft von radial innen in den zentralen Bereich des Gehäuseinneren, also einer darin gebildeten Brennkammer, eingeleitet. Dazu weist im Allgemeinen der Lufteinlassansatz in seiner Umfangswandung längs derselben sich erstreckende Schlitze auf, durch welche die in diesen eingeleitete Luft nach radial außen und somit in Richtung auf die Umfangswandung des Gehäuses der Verdampferbaugruppe zu strömt. Stromaufwärts des Lufteinlassansatzes ist im Allgemeinen eine Drall-Vorrichtung vorgesehen, die dafür sorgt, dass die in den Lufteinlassansatz einströmende Luft bereits einen Drall aufweist, der zu einer Längsmittenachse des Gehäuses im Wesentlichen zentrisch ist. Ein Großteil dieses Dralls geht jedoch beim Durchströmen der Schlitze in dem Lufteinlassansatz wieder verloren, so dass nach Eintritt in das Gehäuseinnere, also in die Brennkammer, nur noch vergleichsweise geringe Verwirbelungen bzw. Turbulenzen vorhanden sind, die die geeignete Durchmischung mit dem in der Brennkammer auch vorhandenen Brennstoffdampf bewirken sollen.Such evaporator assemblies are used for example in vehicle heaters, such. As auxiliary heater or heater used. In the case of these evaporator assemblies, the air required for combustion with fuel vapor is introduced from the inside into the central region of the housing interior, that is to say a combustion chamber formed therein, via the air inlet approach. For this purpose, generally has the air inlet approach in its peripheral wall along the same extending slots, through which the air introduced into this radially outward and thus flows towards the peripheral wall of the housing of the evaporator assembly. Upstream of the air inlet lug, a swirl device is generally provided which ensures that the air flowing into the air inlet lug already has a swirl which is essentially centric to a longitudinal center axis of the housing. However, a large part of this twist is lost again when flowing through the slots in the air inlet approach, so that after entry into the housing interior, ie in the combustion chamber, only comparatively low turbulence or turbulence are present, the appropriate mixing with the in the combustion chamber also should cause existing fuel vapor.

Eine Verdampferbaugruppe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus der DE 43 28 790 A1 bekannt. Der sich von einer Bodenwandung eines Gehäuses erstreckende Lufteinlassansatz begrenzt mit der ihn umgebenden Umfangswandung und einem ringartigen Bereich der Bodenwandung eine in dem Gehäuse gebildete Brennkammer. In dem Bereich, in dem der Lufteinlassansatz sich in die Brennkammer hineinerstreckt, ist an der Innenseite der Umfangswandung des Gehäuses poröses Verdampfermedium vorgesehen, welches flüssigen Brennstoff aufnimmt und in Richtung Brennkammer abdampft. In Luftströmungsrichtung vor dem Lufteinlassansatz ist eine Vorkammer vorgesehen, in welche ein Teil der durch ein Gebläse geförderten Verbrennungsluft tangential eintritt und somit vor Eintritt in den Lufteinlassansatz eine Drallkomponente erfährt. In einer Umfangswandung des Lufteinlassansatzes sind mehrere Öffnungen vorgesehen, durch welche hindurch ein Teil der in diesen eingeleiteten Verbrennungsluft in die Brennkammer gelangt. Der andere Teil des durch den Lufteinlassansatz hindurch geleiteten Verbrennungsluftanteils strömt an dessen axial offenen und durch eine Prallplatte überdeckten Ende mit radialer Strömungsrichtung aus dem Lufteinlassansatz in die Brennkammer aus. Der nicht durch den Lufteinlassansatz geförderte Teil der Verbrennungsluft gelangt durch in der Umfangswandung des die Brennkammer außen begrenzenden Gehäuses vorgesehene Öffnungen in die Brennkammer.An evaporator assembly according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 43 28 790 A1 known. The extending from a bottom wall of a housing air inlet approach limited to the surrounding it Circumferential wall and a ring-like portion of the bottom wall, a combustion chamber formed in the housing. In the region in which the air inlet approach extends into the combustion chamber, porous evaporator medium is provided on the inside of the peripheral wall of the housing, which receives liquid fuel and evaporates in the direction of the combustion chamber. In the air flow direction in front of the air inlet approach, an antechamber is provided in which a part of the combustion air conveyed by a fan enters tangentially and thus experiences a swirl component before entering the air inlet approach. In a peripheral wall of the air inlet approach a plurality of openings are provided through which passes through a part of the combustion air introduced into this in the combustion chamber. The other part of the combustion air portion passed through the air inlet lug flows out of the air inlet lug into the combustion chamber at its axially open end, which is covered by a baffle plate, with a radial flow direction. The non-promoted by the air inlet approach part of the combustion air passes through openings provided in the peripheral wall of the outside of the combustion chamber defining openings in the combustion chamber.

Die DE 21 29 663 A offenbart eine Verdampfungsbaugruppe mit einem eine Umfangswandung und eine Bodenwandung umfassenden Gehäuse. An der Bodenwandung ist ein aus Sintermaterial aufgebauter und somit poröser Vergasungskörper vorgesehen, der mit durch diesen axial hindurchlaufenden Offnungsbereichen versehen ist. Ein Teil der zur Verbrennung vorgesehenen Luft strömt in einem der Bodenwandung des Gehäuses zugewandten Endbereich des porösen Vergasungskörpers in eine darin vorgesehene Vorkammer, gelangt über mehrere Öffnungen von der Vorkammer zu einer Hauptkammer und tritt, bereits mit Brennstoffdampf angereichert, aus der Hauptkammer in eine Brennkammer aus. Der Hauptluftstrom tritt durch Öffnungen in dem den porösen Vergasungskörper umgebenden Bereich der Bodenwandung an der Außenseite des Vergasungskörpers in die Brennkammer ein und vermischt sich dort mit Brennstoffdampf.The DE 21 29 663 A discloses an evaporative assembly having a housing comprising a peripheral wall and a bottom wall. On the bottom wall, a gasification body constructed of sintered material and thus porous is provided, which is provided with opening regions extending axially therethrough. A portion of the air intended for combustion flows in a bottom wall of the housing facing end of the porous gasification body in a pre-chamber provided therein, passes through a plurality of openings from the antechamber to a main chamber and enters, already enriched with fuel vapor, from the main chamber into a combustion chamber , The main air flow enters the combustion chamber through openings in the region of the bottom wall surrounding the porous gasification body on the outside of the gasification body, where it mixes with fuel vapor.

Die DE 42 43 712 C1 zeigt eine Verdampferbaugruppe mit einem Gehäuse mit Umfangswandung und Bodenwandung. An der Bodenwandung des Gehäuses ist ein mit einer Umfangswandung und einer Bodenwandung ausgebildeter saugfähiger Körper vorgesehen, der an seinem von der Umfangswandung des Gehäuses umgebenden Ende axial offen ist. In den saugfähigen Körper wird flüssiger Brennstoff eingeleitet und über diesen in Richtung zu einer von dem Gehäuse begrenzten Brennkammer abgegeben. Ein Teil des von einem Gebläse geförderten Verbrennungsluftstroms gelangt durch Öffnungen in der Umfangswandung des saugfähigen Körpers in diesen und tritt an seinem axial offenen Ende aus diesem aus. Ein weiterer Teil des Verbrennungsluftstroms wird in Richtung zur Außenseite der Umfangswandung des Gehäuses gefördert und tritt durch darin vorgesehene Öffnung in die Brennkammer ein.The DE 42 43 712 C1 shows an evaporator assembly with a housing with peripheral wall and bottom wall. On the bottom wall of the housing, an absorbent body formed with a peripheral wall and a bottom wall is provided, which is axially open at its end which is surrounded by the circumferential wall of the housing. In the absorbent body, liquid fuel is introduced and discharged via this toward a combustion chamber bounded by the housing. A portion of the combustion air flow conveyed by a fan passes through openings in the peripheral wall of the absorbent body and emerges from the latter at its axially open end. Another portion of the combustion air flow is conveyed toward the outside of the peripheral wall of the housing and enters the combustion chamber through the opening provided therein.

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Verdampferbaugruppe für einen Verdampferbrenner vorzusehen, bei welcher für eine verbesserte Durchmischung der einzuleitenden Luft und des Brennstoffdampfes und somit einen reduzierten Schadstoffausstoß gesorgt ist.It is the object of the present invention to provide an evaporator assembly for an evaporator burner, which provides for improved mixing of the air to be introduced and the fuel vapor and thus a reduced pollutant emissions.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Verdampferbaugruppe für einen Verdampferbrenner gemäß Anspruch 1. Diese umfasst ein Gehäuse mit einer Umfangswandung und einer Bodenwandung, wobei von der Bodenwandung ein Lufteinlassansatz in Richtung Gehäuseinneres hervorsteht und wobei der Lufteinlassansatz eine Umfangswandung ohne Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen aufweist und an seinem von der Bodenwandung entfernten Lufteinlassende offen ist. Um der Luft den für die Durchmischung mit Brennstoffdampf besonders vorteilhaften Drall zu geben, ist stromaufwärts des Lufteinlassansatzes eine Drall-Vorrichtung vorgesehen, um der in den Lufteinlassansatz einzuleitenden Luft einen Drall zu geben.According to the invention this object is achieved by an evaporator assembly for an evaporator burner according to claim 1. This comprises a housing having a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, projecting from the bottom wall an air inlet approach towards the housing interior and wherein the air inlet approach has a peripheral wall without air passage openings and at its from the Bottom wall remote air inlet end is open. In order to impart to the air the swirl particularly advantageous for mixing with fuel vapor, a swirl device is provided upstream of the air inlet lug to swirl the air to be introduced into the air intake lug.

Da die Umfangswandung des Gehäuses wenigstens bereichsweise mit porösem Verdampfermedium überdeckt ist, kann beispielsweise in dem den Lufteinlassansatz umgebenden Raumbereich Brennstoffdampf aus diesem porösen Verdampfermedium abgegeben werden.Since the peripheral wall of the housing is at least partially covered with porous evaporator medium, fuel vapor can be discharged from this porous evaporator medium, for example, in the space region surrounding the air inlet approach.

Bei der erfindungsgemäß aufgebauten Verdampferbaugruppe kann die durch den Lufteinlassansatz eingeleitete Luft also nicht nach radial außen abströmen, da die Umfangswandung des Lufteinlassansatzes keine Öffnungen aufweist. Vielmehr strömt die gesamte einzuleitende Luft durch das Lufteinlassende in das Gehäuseinnere bzw. denjenigen Volumenbereich, in welchem auch der Brennstoffdampf vorhanden ist. Hier ist also grundsätzlich ein axiales Einleiten der Luft in Richtung der Längsmittenachse des Gehäuses vorgesehen, wobei die in dieser axialen Richtung eintretende Luft den ihr zuvor gegebenen Drall, also beispielsweise eine Verwirbelung um die Längsmittenachse des Gehäuses, im Wesentlichen vollständig beibehält. Auf diese Art und Weise wird trotz der Tatsache, dass kein radiales Ausströmen der Luft aus dem Lufteinlassansatz in Richtung auf die Umfangswandung des Gehäuses zu möglich ist, eine optimierte Durchmischung des Brennstoffdampfes mit der so eingeleiteten Luft erzeugt, und zwar auch in demjenigen Ringraum, der von der Umfangswandung des Lufteinlassansatzes, der Bodenwandung des Gehäuses und der Umfangswandung des Gehäuses umschlossen ist. Diese verbesserte Durchmischung führt zu einem deutlich reduzierten Schadstoffausstoß, insbesondere NOx-Ausstoß, was zur Folge, hat, dass ein mit einer derartigen Verdampferbaugruppe ausgestatteter Verdampferbrenner nicht nur die für Fahrzeugheizungen vorhandenen Schadstoffnormen erfüllt, sondern auch die strengeren Schadstoffnormen erfüllt, wie sie für Gebäudeheizungen vorhanden sind.In the evaporator assembly constructed according to the invention, therefore, the air introduced through the air inlet approach can not flow off radially outward, since the circumferential wall of the air inlet attachment has no openings. Rather, the entire air to be introduced flows through the air inlet end into the interior of the housing or those volume region in which the fuel vapor is also present. Thus, in principle, an axial introduction of the air in the direction of the longitudinal center axis of the housing is provided, wherein the air entering in this axial direction essentially completely retains the previously given swirl, that is, for example, a swirl about the longitudinal center axis of the housing. In this way, despite the fact that no radial outflow of air from the air inlet approach towards the peripheral wall of the housing is possible, an optimized mixing of the fuel vapor generated with the air thus introduced, even in those annulus, the is enclosed by the peripheral wall of the air inlet approach, the bottom wall of the housing and the peripheral wall of the housing. This improved mixing leads to a significantly reduced pollutant emissions, in particular NOx emissions, with the result that an evaporator burner equipped with such an evaporator assembly not only meets the pollutant standards available for vehicle heaters, but also meets the stricter pollutant standards that exist for building heaters are.

Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass an dem Lufteinlassende eine Lufteinlassöffnung vorgesehen ist. Die Lufteinlassöffnung kann bezüglich der Längsmittenachse des Gehäuses im Wesentlichen zentrisch angeordnet sein.For example, it can be provided that an air inlet opening is provided at the air inlet end. The air inlet opening may be arranged substantially centrally with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the housing.

Eine Beschleunigung der Luftströmung kann durch einen Düseneffekt, beispielsweise dadurch erzeugt werden, dass am Lufteinlassende eine Abschlusswandung an die Umfangswandung des Lufteinlassansatzes anschließt und dass der Lufteinlassansatz im Bereich der Abschlusswandung offen ist. Die Umfangswandung des Lufteinlassansatzes kann im Wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgebildet sein, was sich primär auf die Innenoberfläche derselben bezieht, so dass für die in das Gehäuseinnere einzuleitende Luft im Lufteinlassansatz ein Strömungsraum mit im Wesentlichen konstanter Innenabmessung, beispielsweise mit kreisrunder Form, bereitgestellt ist.An acceleration of the air flow can be generated by a nozzle effect, for example, that at the air inlet end an end wall adjoins the peripheral wall of the air inlet approach and that the air inlet approach is open in the region of the end wall. The peripheral wall of the air inlet approach may be formed substantially cylindrical, which primarily refers to the inner surface thereof, so that for the air to be introduced into the housing interior air in the air inlet approach a flow chamber with a substantially constant inner dimension, for example, is provided with a circular shape.

Alternativ ist es möglich, dass die Umfangswandung des Lufteinlassansatzes in Richtung von der Bodenwandung weg eine abnehmende Innenabmessung aufweist. Diese Abnahme der Innenabmessung der Umfangswandung des Lufteinlassansatzes kann sich bis zum Lufteinlassende fortsetzen, oder kann bis zu einer Mindestabmessung anhalten, woraufhin dann wieder eine Erweiterung der Umfangswandung mit entsprechend sich erweiterndem von dieser umschlossenen Strömungsraum in Richtung zum Lufteinlassende hin anschließt.Alternatively, it is possible that the peripheral wall of the air inlet neck in the direction away from the bottom wall has a decreasing inner dimension. This decrease in the inner dimension of the peripheral wall of the air inlet approach may continue up to the air inlet end, or may continue to a minimum dimension, followed by an extension of the peripheral wall with correspondingly widening enclosed by this flow space in the direction of the air inlet end.

Um bei einer derartigen Variation der Innenabmessung der Umfangswandung die Drallströmung der einzuleitenden Luft möglichst wenig zu beeinträchtigen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Umfangswandung des Lufteinlassansatzes an ihrer Innenseite in Richtung der Gehäuselängsachse gekrümmt ist. Stufenartige bzw. sprungartige Änderungen der Innenabmessung können somit vermieden werden.In order to minimize the effect on the swirl flow of the air to be introduced in such a variation of the inner dimension of the peripheral wall, it is proposed that the peripheral wall of the air inlet approach is curved on its inner side in the direction of the housing longitudinal axis. Step-like or sudden changes in the internal dimension can thus be avoided.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ferner einen Verdampferbrenner, insbesondere für eine Fahrzeugheizung oder eine Gebäudeheizung, umfassend eine Verdampferbaugruppe, wie sie vorangehend definiert wurde.The present invention further relates to an evaporator burner, in particular for vehicle heating or building heating, comprising an evaporator assembly as defined above.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nachfolgend mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen detailliert beschrieben. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1
    einen Verdampferbrenner mit einer erfindungsgemäß aufge- bauten Verdampferbaugruppe;
    Fig. 2
    eine Teil-Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Lufteinlassansatzes;
    Fig. 3
    eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Ansicht einer abgewandelten Aus- gestaltungsform;
    Fig. 4
    eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Ansicht einer abgewandelten Aus- gestaltungsform.
The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
  • Fig. 1
    an evaporator burner with an inventively constructed evaporator assembly;
    Fig. 2
    a partial sectional view of an inventively designed air intake approach;
    Fig. 3
    one of the Fig. 2 corresponding view of a modified embodiment;
    Fig. 4
    one of the Fig. 2 corresponding view of a modified embodiment.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Verdampferbrenner 10 im Längsschnitt dargestellt, welcher eine allgemein mit 12 bezeichnete Verdampferbaugruppe aufweist. Diese Verdampferbaugruppe 12 umfasst ein Gehäuse 14 mit einer Umfangswandung 16, die beispielsweise eine kreiszylindrische Gestalt hat, und einer daran anschließenden und damit beispielsweise integral ausgebildeten Bodenwandung 18. Von der Bodenwandung 18 steht in Richtung Gehäuseinneres 20, das im Wesentlichen einer Brennkammer 22 entspricht, ein Lufteinlassansatz 24 ab. Dieser Lufteinlassansatz 24, welcher in dem Gehäuse 14 beispielsweise zentrisch zu einer Gehäuselängsachse L angeordnet ist und sich mithin in der Richtung dieser Gehäuselängsachse L erstreckt, begrenzt zusammen mit der Umfangswandung 16 und der Bodenwandung 18 den wesentlichen Bereich der Brennkammer 22.
An die Umfangswandung 14 schließt ein Flammrohr 26 an, und beispielsweise in dem Flammrohr 26 kann eine Flammblende 28 mit einer zentralen Öffnung 30 vorgesehen sein.In Fig. 1 an evaporator burner 10 is shown in longitudinal section, which has a generally designated 12 evaporator assembly. This evaporator assembly 12 includes a housing 14 having a peripheral wall 16, which has, for example, a circular cylindrical shape, and an adjoining and thus, for example, integrally formed bottom wall 18. From the bottom wall 18 is in the direction of the housing interior 20, which corresponds essentially to a combustion chamber 22, a Air intake approach 24 from. This air inlet extension 24, which is arranged in the housing 14, for example, centrally to a housing longitudinal axis L and thus extends in the direction of this housing longitudinal axis L, together with the peripheral wall 16 and the bottom wall 18, the essential area of the combustion chamber 22nd
A flame tube 26 adjoins the circumferential wall 14, and, for example, in the flame tube 26, a flame cover 28 having a central opening 30 may be provided.

Die dem Gehäuseinneren 20 zugewandte Innenseite der Umfangswandung 16 ist näherungsweise in demjenigen Längenbereich, der auch der Längserstreckung des Lufteinlassansatzes 24 entspricht, mit porösem Verdampfermedium 32 überdeckt. Eine Brennstoffzuführleitung 34 speist flüssigen Brennstoff in das poröse Verdampfermedium 32 ein, und dieses verteilt den eingespeisten Brennstoff durch Kapillarförderwirkung und gibt ihn als Brennstoffdampf an seinen der Brennkammer 22 zugewandten Seite ab.The inside of the circumferential wall 16 facing the interior of the housing 20 is approximately covered with porous evaporator medium 32 in that length region which also corresponds to the longitudinal extent of the air inlet extension 24. A fuel supply line 34 feeds liquid fuel into the porous evaporator medium 32, and this distributes the fuel fed by capillary action and gives it as fuel vapor at its side facing the combustion chamber 22 side.

Der Lufteinlassansatz 24 ist im dargestellten Beispiel von im Wesentlichen zylindrischer Formgebung, weist also über seine Erstreckungslänge eine näherungsweise gleichbleibende Abmessung, insbesondere definiert durch den Innnradius Ri auf. An einem von der Bodenwandung 18 entfernt liegenden Lufteinlassende 36 ist der Lufteinlassansatz 24 mit einer im Wesentlichen dieses gesamte Lufteinlasende 36 einnehmenden Öffnung 38 ausgebildet und somit axial offen. In den Lufteinlassansatz 24 in Richtung von Strömungspfeilen P zunächst von radial außen und dann axial umgelenkt eingeleitete Luft strömt also entlang des Lufteinlassansatzes 24 und tritt über die Öffnung 38 aus diesem aus und gelangt somit in das Gehäuseinnere 20 bzw. den auch noch vom Flammrohr 26 umschlossenen Volumenbereich. Dort vermischt sich die Luft mit dem durch das poröse Verdampfermedium 32 abgegebenen Brennstoffdampf, so dass ein zündfähiges bzw. verbrennungsfähiges Gemisch erzeugt wird.The air inlet extension 24 is in the illustrated example of substantially cylindrical shape, thus has over its extension length an approximately constant dimension, in particular defined by the Innnradius Ri on. At one of the bottom wall 18 remote air inlet end 36 of the air inlet extension 24 is formed with a substantially this entire air inlet end 36 engaging opening 38 and thus axially open. Into the air inlet approach 24 in the direction of flow arrows P first of radially outward and then axially deflected air thus flows along the air inlet approach 24 and exits through the opening 38 from this and thus enters the housing interior 20 and the still enclosed by the flame tube 26 volume range. There, the air mixes with the fuel vapor emitted by the porous evaporator medium 32, so that an ignitable or combustible mixture is generated.

Stromaufwärts des Lufteinlassansatzes 24 ist eine allgemein mit 40 bereichnete Drall-Vorrichtung vorgesehen. Diese umfasst beispielsweise integral ausgebildet mit dem Gehäuse 14 eine Mehrzahl von die einzuleitende Luft von radial außen nach radial innen führenden und in Umfangsrichtung abgekrümmten Schaufeln 42, welche dafür sorgen, dass die Luft nicht nur von radial außen nach radial innen geleitet wird, sondern auch eine Umfangsströmungskomponente erfährt und somit als Drallströmung in den Lufteinlassansatz 24 gelangt. Das heißt, die Luft wird entlang der Gehäuselängsachse L als Wirbelströmung im Wesentlichen schraubenartig um diese Gehäuselängsachse L strömen und entsprechend auch als Wirbelströmung durch die Öffnung 38 in die Brennkammer 22 einströmen. Aufgrund des im Wesentlichen nicht abgebremsten Dralls wird durch Luft sich sehr gut mit dem in der Brennkammer 22 bzw. dem Gehäuseinneren 20 vorhandenen Brennstoffdampf durchmischen. Diese optimierte Durchmischung wiederum führt zu einer deutlich geringeren NOx-Emission, als bei herkömmlichen Verdampferbaugruppen mit Längsschlitzen im Lufteinlassansatz, so dass eine derartige Verdampferbaugruppe 12 nicht nur die im Fahrzeugbau für Standheizungen oder Zuheizer vorhandenen Schadstoffnormen, insbesondere NOx-Normen erfüllen, sondern auch die deutlich strengeren NOx-Normen, bei Gebäudebrennern erfüllen kann.Upstream of the air inlet lug 24 there is provided a swirl device, generally 40 gauge. This includes, for example, integrally formed with the housing 14 a plurality of the air to be introduced from radially outside to radially inwardly leading and circumferentially curved blades 42, which ensure that the air is passed not only from radially outside to radially inside, but also a Circumferential flow component experiences and thus passes as a swirl flow in the air inlet approach 24. That is, the air will flow along the housing longitudinal axis L as a vortex flow substantially helically about this housing longitudinal axis L and accordingly also flow as a vortex flow through the opening 38 into the combustion chamber 22. Due to the essentially unrestrained twist, air will very well mix with the fuel vapor present in the combustion chamber 22 or the housing interior 20. This optimized mixing in turn leads to a significantly lower NOx emission, as in conventional evaporator assemblies with longitudinal slots in the air intake approach, so that such evaporator assembly 12 not only meet existing in the vehicle for parking heaters or auxiliary pollutants standards, especially NOx standards, but also significantly more stringent NOx standards for building burners.

Es ist selbstverständlich, dass durch die Formgebung und Dimensionierung des Lufteinlassansatzes 24 ein elementarer Einfluss auf die Strömungscharakteristik und somit auf die Verbrennungscharakteristik des Verdampferbrenners 10 genommen werden kann. Während beispielsweise in Fig. 1 ein Lufteinlassansatz 24 gezeigt ist, der über seine gesamte radiale Erstreckung im. Bereich des Lufteinlassendes 36 offen ist, ist in Fig. 2 eine Ausgestaltungsform gezeigt, bei welcher an die Umfangswandung 44 des Lufteinlassansatzes 24 eine Abschlusswandung 46 anschließt, in welcher, beispielsweise wieder zentrisch zu der Gehäuselängsachse L die Öffnung 38 ausgebildet ist. Hier entspricht der Durchtrittsquerschnitt der Öffnung 38 nicht der Innenabmessung Ri des Lufteinlassansatzes 24, so dass in demjenigen Bereich in welchem die Luft aus dem Lufteinlassansatz 24 und in das Gehäuseinnere 20 bzw. die Brennkammer 22 gelangt, ein Düseneffekt generiert werden kann.It goes without saying that an elementary influence on the flow characteristics and thus on the combustion characteristics of the evaporator burner 10 can be taken by the shaping and dimensioning of the air inlet approach 24. While, for example, in Fig. 1 an air inlet lug 24 is shown which extends over its entire radial extent in the. Region of the air inlet end 36 is open in Fig. 2 1 shows an embodiment in which the peripheral wall 44 of the air inlet attachment 24 is adjoined by an end wall 46, in which, for example, again centrally to the housing longitudinal axis L, the opening 38 is formed. Here, the passage cross-section of the opening 38 does not correspond to the inner dimension Ri of the air inlet extension 24, so that in the area in which the air from the air inlet approach 24 and enters the housing interior 20 and the combustion chamber 22, a nozzle effect can be generated.

Ein ähnlicher Effekt kann auch mit der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform erreicht werden, bei welcher die Umfangswandung 44 des Lufteinlassansatzes 24 mit in Richtung von der Bodenwandung 18 weg abnehmender Innenabmessung Ri ausgestaltet ist, und zwar abnehmend bis zu einem näherungsweise in der Längsmitte des Lufteinlassansatzes 24 liegenden Bereich mit minimaler Innenabmessung Rimin. Von dort nimmt dann die Innenabmessung Ri wieder zu, so dass hier eine Gestaltung nach Art einer Venturi-Düse erreicht wird. Von Bedeutung ist hier nicht nur die Variation der Innenabmessung Ri, sondern auch die stufenlose Variation durch gekrümmte Ausgestaltung der Umfangswandung 44 an ihrer Innenseite, betrachtet in richtung der Gehäuselängsachse L. Auf diese Art und Weise werden Stufen mit dadurch erzeugten Behinderungen der Drallströmungen verhindert, sofern dies nicht gewünscht ist.A similar effect can also be found in the Fig. 3 in which the peripheral wall 44 of the air inlet lug 24 is designed with an inner dimension Ri decreasing in the direction of the bottom wall 18, decreasing to an area approximately at the longitudinal center of the air inlet lug 24 with minimal inner dimension Ri min . From there, the internal dimension Ri then increases again, so that here a design in the manner of a Venturi nozzle is achieved. Significant here is not only the variation of the inner dimension Ri, but also the continuous variation by curved configuration of the peripheral wall 44 on its inside, viewed in the direction of the housing longitudinal axis L. In this way, steps are prevented with disabilities of the swirl flows generated, provided this is not desired.

In Fig. 4 ist eine Ausgestaltungsform gezeigt, bei welcher die Innenabmessung Ri der Umfangswandung 44 des Lufteinlassansatzes 24 von der Bodenwandung 18 in Richtung zum Lufteinlassende 36 kontinuierlich abnimmt, wobei auch hier die umfangswandung 44 gekrümmt ist, um einen sanften Übergang zu dem Bereich geringerer Abmessung zu erlangen.In Fig. 4 For example, an embodiment is shown in which the inner dimension Ri of the peripheral wall 44 of the air inlet boss 24 decreases continuously from the bottom wall 18 towards the air inlet end 36, again with the circumferential wall 44 curved to provide a smooth transition to the smaller gauge portion.

Wie vorangehend bereits dargelegt, sind verschiedene Geometrien und Abmessungen bei dem Lufteinlassansatz 24 denkbar. Auch ist es denkbar, an der in Fig. 2 erkennbaren Abdeckwandung 46 nicht nur eine, sondern mehrere Öffnungen 38 beispielsweise mit einem zur Gehäuselängsachse L symmetrischen Öffnungsmuster vorzusehen.As already stated above, various geometries and dimensions are conceivable in the air inlet extension 24. Also it is conceivable, at the in Fig. 2 recognizable Abdeckwandung 46 not only one, but to provide a plurality of openings 38, for example, with a housing longitudinal axis L symmetrical opening pattern.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau können NOx-Werte erreicht werden, die unterhalb eines Wertes von 60 mg/kWh liegen, bei gleichzeitiger Einhaltung eines Mindestwertes für die CO2-Emissionen von 11,8%. Dadurch ist ein mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Verdampferbaugruppe 12 ausgestatteter Verdampferbrenner nicht nur zum Einsatz in Fahrzeugheizgeräten, sondern insbesondere auch zum Einsatz in Gebäudeheizungen geeignet.With the construction according to the invention, NOx values can be achieved which are below a value of 60 mg / kWh while maintaining a minimum value for the CO 2 emissions of 11.8%. This is one equipped with an evaporator assembly 12 according to the invention Evaporator burner not only suitable for use in vehicle heaters, but especially for use in building heating systems.

Claims (10)

  1. Evaporator assembly for an evaporator burner, comprising a housing (14) with a circumferential wall (16) and a bottom wall (18), wherein an air inlet lug (24) extends from the bottom wall (18) in the direction of the housing interior (20) and wherein the air inlet lug (24) comprises a circumferential wall (44) surrounded by the circumferential wall (16) of said housing (14) and defining a burning chamber (22) together with the latter and with the bottom wall of housing (16), and is open at its air inlet end (36) remote from the bottom wall (18), the circumferential wall (16) of said housing (14) being at least partly covered by said porous evaporator medium (32) and a swirl device (40) being provided upstream of said air inlet lug (24) for giving a swirl to the air to be inserted into said air inlet lug (24),
    characterized by the circumferential wall (44) of said air inlet lug (24) not having any air passage openings and the entire air to be inserted into said burning chamber (22) flowing through said air inlet lug (24) and its open air inlet end (36).
  2. Evaporator assembly according to claim 1,
    characterized by an air inlet opening (38) being provided at the air inlet end (36).
  3. Evaporator assembly according to claim 2,
    characterized by the air inlet opening (38) being arranged substantially centrally in relation to a longitudinal axis (L) of housing (14).
  4. Evaporator assembly according to one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized by an end wall (46) being adjacent to the circumferential wall (44) of air inlet lug (24) and by said air inlet lug (24) being open in the region of said end wall (46).
  5. Evaporator assembly according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized by the circumferential wall (44) of said air inlet lug (24) being formed substantially cylindrically.
  6. Evaporator assembly according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized by the circumferential wall (44) of said air inlet lug (24) comprising an inside dimension (Ri) which decreases in a direction towards said bottom wall (18).
  7. Evaporator assembly according to claim 6,
    characterized by the inside dimension (Ri) decreasing towards said air inlet end (36).
  8. Evaporator assembly according to claim 6,
    characterized by the inside dimension (Ri) decreasing to a minimal dimension (Rimin) and then increasing towards said air inlet end (36).
  9. Evaporator assembly according to claim 7 or 8,
    characterized by said circumferential wall (44) of said air inlet lug (24) being curved at its inner side in the direction of said housing longitudinal axis (L).
  10. Evaporator burner, in particular for a vehicle heating device or a heating for a building, comprising an evaporator assembly (12) according to one of the preceding claims.
EP20070010727 2006-06-12 2007-05-30 Vaporiser element for a vaporisation burner, in particular for a heating system in a vehicle or building Active EP1867922B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610027188 DE102006027188A1 (en) 2006-06-12 2006-06-12 Evaporator assembly for e.g. vehicle heater, has air inlet projection projecting towards housing interior from base wall, where projection exhibits peripheral wall without air inlet openings and is opened at air inlet end

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1867922A2 EP1867922A2 (en) 2007-12-19
EP1867922A3 EP1867922A3 (en) 2009-12-30
EP1867922B1 true EP1867922B1 (en) 2011-07-20

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ID=38474431

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20070010727 Active EP1867922B1 (en) 2006-06-12 2007-05-30 Vaporiser element for a vaporisation burner, in particular for a heating system in a vehicle or building

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DE (1) DE102006027188A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011005103B4 (en) * 2011-03-04 2015-04-02 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Combustion chamber assembly for an evaporator burner
DE102012101576A1 (en) * 2012-02-27 2013-08-29 Webasto Ag Evaporator burner with cover for a mobile heater
DE102013214387B4 (en) 2013-07-23 2020-10-22 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH Inflow element, in particular for a combustion air flow path in the vehicle heater

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4243712C1 (en) * 1991-12-14 1994-06-16 Eberspaecher J Heating unit for road vehicle - has base of combustion chamber with open inert made of suction and heat resistant material and has air apertures in peripheral wall
DE4328790C2 (en) * 1993-08-26 1999-08-19 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Burner of a vehicle heater
DE4442425B4 (en) * 1994-05-13 2004-09-16 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Combustion chamber of a burner for a vehicle heater or for an exhaust gas particle filter
DE19529994C2 (en) * 1994-11-10 2003-06-26 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Evaporator burner for a heater
DE29511384U1 (en) * 1995-07-14 1995-10-12 Eberspaecher J Evaporation combustion chamber for a heater operated with liquid fuel
DE10024003C2 (en) * 2000-05-17 2003-11-27 Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh Evaporation burner for a heater with baffle arrangement
DE102004057271B4 (en) * 2004-11-26 2008-04-24 Webasto Ag Assembly for a heater and methods of making the same

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Publication number Publication date
EP1867922A2 (en) 2007-12-19
DE102006027188A1 (en) 2007-12-13
EP1867922A3 (en) 2009-12-30

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