Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
  • C11D3/3742—Nitrogen containing silicones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/1213—Oxides or hydroxides, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2, CaO or Ca(OH)2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/221—Mono, di- or trisaccharides or derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3715—Polyesters or polycarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones

Definitions

• the present invention relates to fabric care compositions. More specifically, the- invention relates to rinse cycle fabric care compositions which reduce the wrinkling of fabrics and in particular the dry or in-wear wrinkling giving fabrics an all- day-ironed look.
• the lubricants used in the prior art include silicones eg PDMS, aminosilicones, modified silicones, silicone copolymers, softeners (e.g. quaternary ammonium compounds) and other lubricants such as clays, waxes, polyolefins, synthetic and natural oils.
• polysaccharides e.g. starch, chitin, chitosan, cellulose, 3- 1, 4-polysaccharides, SCMC, guar gum, HEC etc.
• Synthetic Polymers polyamides, polyurethanes, polyamines, polyolefins, polyols, PEGs, polystyrene, PVA, PVC, vinyl polymers, acrylics,
• Reactive polymers epichlorohydrin containing, isocyanate containing, epoxy containing Curable
• Small Molecules - Salts amino acids, sugars, saccharides, oligosaccharides, alcohols, acids, and
• WO 2004/018762Al discloses on wrinkle benefit using fusible elastomer film formers with cross-linked particles to improve recovery from wrinkle in spray or iron cartridge applications
• WO 2004/048677 discloses film formers for recovery in spray or iron cartridge applications including fusible elastomers + polycation salt for x-linking of elastomer.
• WO 2001/25381-5 disclose compositions with (A) a fabric softener, (B) an additive and (C) selected polyorganosilicones to endow fabrics in domestic applications with anti-pilling, elasticity, hydrophilicity, drape, and wrinkle recovery respectively. These properties are endowed by the organosilicone.
• the additives polysilicic acid is mentioned.
• WO 2002/088293 and US-A1-2002/019236 both disclose fabric care compositions comprising coated particles comprising a solid core with a 03,2 average particle size of between 10 to
• EP 1201817 (Al) (Procter & Gamble) discloses aminosilicones with sterically hindered functional groups for in-wear wrinkle resistance, which are preferably delivered from a spray during domestic ironing process.
• EP 1096060 (Al) (Procter & Gamble) discloses water-soluble silicone lubricants in combination with various polymeric compounds (film formers) which are said to provide fabrics with a wrinkle recovery angle of at least +15 units over and above water.
• EP 953675 (A2,A3) (Dow Corning) a textile fabric coated with an elastomeric silicone-based compound with a reinforcing filler preferably a silica + a second laminar filler preferably talc and mica.
• the coated fabrics amongst other benefit have less friction and are used for car seat belts. No teaching exists on the wrinkle benefit of the mixed silicone + particulate fillers.
• GB 842027 (Monsanto Chemicals) discloses textile friction enhancing compositions based on silica nanoparticles dispersed inside an oil emulsion droplets.
• the oil can be any of the known textile oils including mineral or vegetable oils.
• the oil to silica ratio exceeds 6 and deposition levels of 3-7% oil and 0.1-0.5% of silica per weight of fabric are preferred.
• US 2635056 discloses treating textiles and fabrics with an aquasol of silica plus a polyhydic alcohol such as glycerol.
• the blends are termed alco-aquasols and provide exceptional slip resistance to textiles and surprisingly good handle and fabric feel attributed to the presence of glycerol.
• the silica to glycerol ratio used in the example is 1.4. It is stated that polyhydric alcohol level should not exceed twice that of silica.
• WO-2001/083875 discloses the application of silica and a softener with a cationic acrylic binder followed by application of a treatment solution containing arginine to nylon tights so as to provide skin care benefits when the tights are worn.
• EP 1024119 (A2,A3) (Relats) discloses textile articles made of Si ⁇ 2 ⁇ containing fibres and procedure for improving their thermal stability.
• JP 04255767 discloses coating compositions for textiles comprising a synthetic emulsion (acrylic) , colloidal or microparticle metal oxide silica gel and a zeolite to provide textile coatings with good antibacterial, deodorising, drying and heat retention properties.
• NL 8900473 (Hesco Fashion Netherlands) discloses the manufacture of viscose rayon-polyester coated with a mixture of a nonionic fatty acid condensates fabric softener and a blocking agent (blocking free movement of warp and weft - friction enhancer) acidic silica dispersion.
• the ratio of the softener to silica is 1:1 and the level applied 1% of silica and 1% of softener.
• EP 0474207, US 2881146, US 3077460 and US 5102930 all disclose fabric treatment compositions comprising silica, an organopolysiloxane and a catalyst/curing agent to cause a polymer film to form on the fabrics.
• compositions for use in the rinse which provides effective elimination or reduction of wrinkles in dry fabric in wear in addition to the benefits of good softness and perfume normally expected from rinse added products .
• the in-wear wrinkle resistance is provided by the composition after the first wash cycle in which it is used.
• the present invention seeks to address one or more of the above- mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention
• a fabric treatment composition for use in the rinse cycle of a washing machine for reducing in-wear wrinkle in fabrics, the composition comprising:
• a) a nanoparticle dispersion comprising particles having an average particle size in the range 5 to 500nm
• a lubricant phase selected from a cationic fabric softener, a silicone oil, sucrose polyester oil and mixtures thereof, and
• compositions of the invention are used in the rinse cycle of a laundry process and impart in-wear crease resistance to the treated fabrics.
• the compositions comprise a blend of nanoparticles, which act as a friction element, and a lubricant phase.
• the balance of the nanoparticles and lubricant phase provides the desired properties by virtue of their physical properties.
• the compositions of the invention are free from catalysts and curing agents and do not react to form a film when deposited on the fabric.
• compositions of the present invention are typically for use as part of a fabric care composition which is delivered to the rinse cycle of an automatic washing machine.
• compositions of the present invention comprise a nanoparticle dispersion which act as a frictional element when deposited on the fabrics.
• the particles may be inorganic or organic or a mixture of one or more types of nanoparticles.
• Suitable inorganic nano-particles include silicas, Si ⁇ 2 , titania, TiC>2, alumina, AI2O3, zinc oxide, ZnO, and the mixed oxides class such as ITO (indium-tin oxide, In2 ⁇ 3-Sn ⁇ 2) .
• the widely commercial and preferred inorganic nanoparticle are amorphous silicas available in the sol or colloidal form as defined on page 330 of The Chemistry of Silica, by R K Her, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1979.
• Silica nanoparticles could also be of non-siliceous core as long as the surface of the nanoparticle is coated with silica as described on page 330 of Iler's book.
• the core can be of organic polymeric nature.
• Suitable organic particles include those derived from silicon including silicone resins.
• the organic particles are not of the type which comprise a solid core coated with a polymer, such as a silicone polymer.
• the organic particles are non-coated and comprise solid particles of polymer or resin.
• nanoparticle denotes particles having an average particle size ranging from 5 to 500 ran. Larger particle size silica also aid crease resistance but apparently they are not as effective as those between 15-100 ⁇ m. Preferably all of the particles have a particle size below 500 nm, more preferably below 100 nm.
• Dispersions having an average particle size in the range 10 to 50 nm are particularly useful.
• the amount to deposit between 0.25 to 2% and preferably between 0.25 to 0.5 wt% owf (0.0025 to 0.005 g/g of fabric).
• Nanoparticles depending on their structure can provide additional benefits - aid odour absorption during the wear, increase longer lasting freshness, reduced glare and shine on ironing items, resistance to staining, and ease of stain removal in following washes can be achieved.
• Preferred nanoparticles for use in the invention are colloidal silica.
• the term ⁇ colloidal silica' here refers to dispersions or sols of discrete particles of amorphous silica, which are preferably stable. Reacted silica is the hydrophobic fumed silica as used in anti-foaming emulsions mentioned above.
• colloidal silica is available containing up to 50% silica with particle diameter between 10-21 nm under the trade name Ludox (ex Grace Davison) and Snowtex (ex Nissan) .
• Ludox Cl a cationic silica
• Ludox HS50 an anionic silica
• silica particles can be easily modified to endow them with additional benefits.
• modification with aluminates allows surface charge modification (positive charge) .
• Silicas can be modified organically (organosols as described on page 412 of the above reference) .
• the preferred silicas have suitable modification for surface charge and/or other textile functional benefits including antimicrobial, dermal and transdermal, controlled release of fragrance and repellent agents, improved abrasion stability, water and oil, dirt repellency, and UV protection as described in Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 27, 43- 52, 2003 by B Mahltig and H Bottcher; Modified Silica Sol coatings for Water-Repellent Textiles .
• compositions of the present invention comprise a fibre lubricant selected from silicone oils, sucrose polyester oils or oily sugar derivatives and quaternary ammonium fabric softening materials .
• the lubricant phase of interest include silicone oils and oily sugar derivatives.
• the silicone lubricants of interest include the classical three classes of non-reactive silicone polymers (PDMS) , reactive silicone polymers (silanol terminated PDMS) and modified silicone polymers (amino/amide functional siloxanes, non-ionic modified siloxanes or polyether modified siloxanes) .
• Preferred silicones are PDMS types in emulsion or microemulsion format, which are commercially available, for example, Dow Corning 1716 (cationic) microemulsion, etc. Also DC amino silicones 2-8669 nonionic microemulsion, 2-8203 nonionic microemulsion, 28197 nonionic macroemulsion.
• Another class of preferred silicones are those ex Wacker including Wetsoft CTA (amino glycol PDMS) , Finish CT 34E (amino PDMS emulsion) , Finish CT 208E (amino OH PDMS emulsion) , Finish CT 96 E (amino PDMS emulsion) , and their Fluid L range, Fluid L 652 for example (amino PDMS) .
• silicone oils are preferred to improve the fabric handle and softness non-silicone lubricants such as sucrose polyester oils can provide the lubrication needed for fabric recovery from wrinkle.
• WO2002/019236A1 (Unilever) provides a fuller list of silicone polymers of interest and EP1205538 (Unilever) the class of drying oils.
• a preferred class of commercial materials in which the particulate phase and a lubricant phase are combined include but not limited to Dow Corning' s silicone + reacted silica blends marketed as anti-foaming agents including DOW CORNING® Antifoam B, DOW CORNING® 544, DOW CORNING® Q2-3302 ANTIFOAM COMPOUND, DOW CORNING® 1581 WATER REPELLENT, DOW CORNING® 2-1912 FLUID.
• Another preferred class of materials in which the particulate phase and the lubricant phase are combined include but not limited to Dow Corning MQ silicone resin range which contains a PDMS silicone oil and a silicone resin nano-particulate phase.
• Suitable sucrose polyester oils are the reaction products of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) of natural oils and sucrose.
• FAME fatty acid methyl ester
• Suitable oils and their preparation are described in EP323670B1, EP 383404B1, WO 2001/46210, WO 98/16538, WO 01/46359Al and British Patent Application No. 0501006.1.
• Preferred oils are derived from natural oils predominantly comprising C ⁇ Q and Cig hydrocarbon chains e.g. palm kernel oil, soy bean oil.
• the quaternary ammonium fabric softening material is generally one that is able to form a lamellar phase dispersion in water, in particular a dispersion of liposomes.
• the quaternary ammonium compound "QAC” is preferably one having two C ⁇ 2 - 28 groups, that may independently be alkyl or alkenyl groups, connected to the nitrogen head group, preferably being connected to the nitrogen head group by at least one ester link, and more preferably by two ester links.
• the average chain length of the alkyl and/or alkenyl groups is preferably at least C 3.4 and more preferably at least C ⁇ Q. It is particularly preferred that at least half of the groups have a chain length of Cis- In general, the alkyl and/or alkenyl groups are predominantly linear.
• a first group of QACs suitable for use in the composition is represented by formula (I) :
• TEA ester quats di-esters of triethanolammonium methylsulphate, otherwise referred to as "TEA ester quats".
• Commercial examples include Prapagen TQL, ex Clariant, and Tetranyl AHT-I, ex Kao, (both di- [hardened tallow ester] of triethanolammonium methylsulphate), AT-I (di- [tallow ester] of triethanolammonium methylsulphate), and L5/90 (di-[palm ester] of triethanolammonium methylsulphate) , both ex Kao, and Rewoquat WE15 (a di-ester of triethanolammonium methylsulphate having fatty acyl residues deriving from C 1 0-C20 and C16-C 1 8 unsaturated fatty acids), ex Witco Corporation.
• the second group of QACs suitable for use in the composition is represented by formula (II) :
• each R group is independently selected from C1-4 alkyl
• Preferred materials of this second group include 1,2 bis [tallowoyloxy] -3-trimethylammonium propane chloride, 1,2 bis [hardened tallowoyloxy] -3-trimethylammonium propane chloride, 1, 2-bis [oleoyloxy] -3-trimethylammonium propane chloride, and 1,2 i>is[stearoyloxy] -3-trimethylammonium propane chloride.
• these materials are described in US 4,137,180 (Lever Brothers).
• these materials also comprise an amount of the corresponding mono-ester.
• a third group of QACs suitable for use in the composition is represented by formula (III) :
• each R group is independently selected from Ci_ 4 alkyl
• Preferred materials of this third group include bis (2-tallowoyloxyethyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride and hardened versions thereof.
• a fourth group of QACs suitable for use in the composition is represented by formula (IV) :
• each R group is independently selected from Ci_4 alkyl
• each R group is independently selected from Cs- 2 8 alkyl or alkenyl groups; and X is as defined above.
• Preferred materials of this fourth group include di (hardened tallow) dimethylammonium chloride.
• the iodine value of the softening agent is preferably from 0 to 20, more preferably from 0 to 4, and most preferably from 0 to 2.
• Essentially saturated material i.e. having an iodine value of from 0 to 1, is used in especially high performing compositions. At low iodine values, the softening performance is excellent and the composition has improved resistance to oxidation and associated odour problems upon storage.
• Iodine value is defined as the number of grams of iodine absorbed per 100 g of test material. NMR spectroscopy is a suitable technique for determining the iodine value of the softening agents of the present invention, using the method described in Anal. Chem. , 34, 1136 (1962) by Johnson and Shoolery and in EP 593,542 (Unilever, 1993).
• the softening agent is usually present in the compositions of the invention at a level of 5% or greater by weight of the total composition.
• references to levels of cationic softening agent in this specification are to the total level of cationic softening agent, including all cationic components of a complex raw material that could enter aqueous lamellar phase together.
• a di-ester softening agent it includes any associated mono- ester or tri-ester that may be present.
• the amount of softening agent is generally 50% or less, particularly 40% or less, and especially 30% or less by weight of the total composition. Generally the softening agent is present in an amount of from 3 to 20% by weight of the composition.
• Fatty complexing agent is generally 50% or less, particularly 40% or less, and especially 30% or less by weight of the total composition. Generally the softening agent is present in an amount of from 3 to 20% by weight of the composition.
• composition of the present invention may comprise a fatty complexing agent.
• suitable fatty complexing agents include fatty alcohols and fatty acids. Of these, fatty alcohols are most preferred.
• Preferred fatty acids include hardened tallow fatty acid (available under the tradename Pristerene, ex Uniqema) .
• Preferred fatty alcohols include hardened tallow alcohol (available under the tradenames Stenol and Hydrenol, ex Cognis and Laurex CS, ex Albright and Wilson) and behenyl alcohol, a C22 chain alcohol, available as Lanette 22 (ex Henkel) .
• the fatty complexing agent is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. More preferably, the fatty component is present in an amount of from 0.2 to 10%, most preferably from 0.25 to 5%, e.g. 0.3 to 4% by weight.
• compositions further comprise a nonionic surfactant.
• compositions typically these can be included for the purpose of stabilising the compositions.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants include addition products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids and fatty amines.
• Suitable surfactants are substantially water soluble surfactants of the general formula:
• R is selected from the group consisting of primary, secondary and branched chain alkyl and/or acyl hydrocarbyl groups; primary, secondary and branched chain alkenyl hydrocarbyl groups; and primary, secondary and branched chain alkenyl-substituted phenolic hydrocarbyl groups; the hydrocarbyl groups having a chain length of from 8 to about 25, preferably 10 to 20, e.g. 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
• Y is typically:
• R has the meaning given above or can be hydrogen; and Z is at least about 8, preferably at least about 10 or 11.
• the nonionic surfactant has an HLB of from about 7 to about 20, more preferably from 10 to 18, e.g. 12 to 16.
• nonionic surfactants follow.
• the integer defines the number of ethoxy (EO) groups in the molecule .
• EO ethoxy
• deca-, undeca-, dodeca-, tetradeca-, and pentadeca- ethoxylates of n-hexadecanol, and n-octadecanol having an HLB within the range recited herein are useful viscosity/ dispersibility modifiers in the context of this invention.
• Exemplary ethoxylated primary alcohols useful herein as the viscosity/dispersibility modifiers of the compositions are Cis EO(IO); and C ⁇ 8 EO(Il).
• the ethoxylates of mixed natural or synthetic alcohols in the "tallow" chain length range are also useful herein.
• Such materials include tallow alcohol-EO(ll) , tallow alcohol-EO (18) , and tallow alcohol-EO (25), coco alcohol-EO (10) , coco alcohol-EO (15) , coco alcohol-EO (20) and coco alcohol-EO (25) .
• deca-, undeca-, dodeca-, tetradeca-, pentadeca-, octadeca-, and nonadeca-ethoxylates of 3-hexadecanol, 2-octadecanol, 4- eicosanol, and 5-eicosanol having an HLB within the range recited herein are useful viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers in the context of this invention.
• Exemplary ethoxylated secondary alcohols useful herein as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the compositions are: C ⁇ Q
• Branched chain primary and secondary alcohols which are available from the well-known "OXO" process can be ethoxylated and employed as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of compositions herein.
• OXO Branched chain primary and secondary alcohols which are available from the well-known "OXO" process can be ethoxylated and employed as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of compositions herein.
• D Polyol Based Surfactants
• Suitable polyol based surfactants include sucrose esters such sucrose monooleates, alkyl polyglucosides such as stearyl monoglucosides and stearyl triglucoside and alkyl polyglycerols .
• the nonionic surfactant is preferably present in an amount from. 0.01 to 10%, more preferably 0.1 to 5%, most preferably 0.35 to 3.5%, e.g. 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
• co-active softeners may also be incorporated in an amount from 0.01 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 10%, based on the total weight of the composition.
• Preferred co-active softeners include fatty esters, and fatty N-oxides.
• Preferred fatty esters include fatty monoesters, such as glycerol monostearate. If GMS is present, then it is preferred that the level of GMS in the composition, is from 0.01 to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.
• the co-active softener may also comprise an oily sugar derivative. Suitable oily sugar derivatives, their methods of manufacture and their preferred amounts are described in WO-Al- 01/46361 on page 5 line 16 to page 11 line 20, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein. Polymeric viscosity control agents
• compositions comprise one or more polymeric viscosity control agents.
• Suitable polymeric viscosity control agents include nonionic and cationic polymers, such as hydrophobically modified cellulose ethers (e.g. Natrosol Plus, ex Hercules), cationically modified starches (e.g. Softgel BDA and Softgel BD, both ex Avebe) .
• a particularly preferred viscosity control agent is a copolymer of methacrylate and cationic acrylamide available under the tradename Flosoft 200 (ex SNF Floerger) .
• Nonionic and/or cationic polymers are preferably present in an amount of 0.01 to 5wt%, more preferably 0.02 to 4wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.
• compositions may also contain one or more optional ingredients conventionally included in liquid rinse fabric conditioning compositions such as pH buffering agents, perfume carriers, fluorescers, colourants, hydrotropes, antifoaming agents, antiredeposition agents, polyelectrolytes, enzymes, optical brightening agents, anti-shrinking agents, anti-spotting agents, antioxidants, sunscreens, anti-corrosion agents, drape imparting agents, anti-static agents, ironing aids and dyes.
• optional ingredients conventionally included in liquid rinse fabric conditioning compositions such as pH buffering agents, perfume carriers, fluorescers, colourants, hydrotropes, antifoaming agents, antiredeposition agents, polyelectrolytes, enzymes, optical brightening agents, anti-shrinking agents, anti-spotting agents, antioxidants, sunscreens, anti-corrosion agents, drape imparting agents, anti-static agents, ironing aids and dyes.
• the lubricant and the particulate phases in the compositions of the invention can be in a fully dispersed state, partially flocculated or associated in the form of a Pickering emulsion where the particles stud the surface of the emulsion or liposome droplets to form a nanoparticle-droplet composite - studded particles .
• the composition may be prepared according to any suitable method.
• the nanoparticle dispersion plus the lubricant emulsion or microemulsion if needed can be post dosed into the fabric softening base after it is manufactured with minimum agitation to prevent flocculation.
• the nanoparticle phase at the required level can be post-dosed into an off-the-shelf ready fabric conditioner.
• the product preferably comprises a liquid, preferably an aqueous liquid.
• the composition can be a rinse cycle fabric care composition for use in a conventional automatic washing machine.
• Figures Ia and Ib represent a standard Wrinkle Recovery Tester Instrument Model 155 commercially available from James H Heal & Co. Ltd.,
• Figure 2 represents images of the existing AATCC 128 Scale
• Figure 3 represents images of the new U Scale
• Figure 4 is a plot showing the comparison of the AATCC scale with the new U Scale.
• the AATCC 128 Wrinkle Recovery Test is that most widely used to determine the wrinkle recovery of garments and is referenced widely in the external literature.
• a test fabric is wrinkled under standard conditions of load, time and environmental conditions using a standard Wrinkle Recovery Tester model 155 device supplied by James H Heal & Co Ltd ( Figure 1) .
• Figure 2 shows this 3D AATCC 128 wrinkle scale.
• the existing AATCC 128 3D standards cannot allow a panellist to distinguish fine differences in intensity of wrinkling. For example in in-wear wrinkling the range of wrinkle falls around 2.5 to 3.5 but the 128 scale covers the broad brush scale of 1 to 5 missing details in the 2.5-3.5 range of interest.
• test solution is prepared with the desired strength or the desired % owf and stabilised overnight on a roller bank.
• the monitor is then weighed (Wl) , soaked in the test solution and compressed between the rollers of the Werner Mathis AG padder so that it weighs double its original weight.
• the monitor is left to dry at controlled temperature and RH (20°C/65%RH) for 24 hours and then re-weighed (W2) .
• the weight of additive on the monitor is (W2 - Wl) from which the %owf can be calculated.
• the dry monitor is ironed flat using the Philips Azur 4000 iron on the hottest setting and with highest steam setting and left to condition for a further 24 hours at controlled T and RH (20°C/65%RH) .
• control monitors for comparison with the composition treated monitors.
• These control monitors are treated with demineralised water instead of the compositions and prepared in the same way.
• the monitors are loaded onto a Wrinkle Recovery Tester model 155 so that the warp direction is vertical.
• the fabric is then compressed (wrinkled) using no additional weight for 8 minutes.
• a digital photograph image is taken of each monitor using a Nokia Digital Camera under identical lighting conditions.
• the standard lighting conditions are achieved using a Verivide Crease Imaging Cabinet.
• the images are then loaded into a panelling programme and each image is presented to the panellist to score against images of the scale being used - either AATCC128 or U Scale.
• Six trained panellists score all monitors for wrinkle intensity against the scale.
• the formulations in the following Table 1 were prepared by co- melting the quaternary ammonium fabric softening material, tallow alcohol, and nonionic, heating water and adding the co- melt to the water under stirring to form a homogeneous mixture, allowing the mixture to cool and then adding the dye/perfume and preservative at 40 0 C. The mixture was allowed to cool further and then the silica dispersion was post-dosed with stirring.
• Tetranyl AHT-I is a fully hardened tallow triethanolamine quaternary fabric softener supplied by KAO at 85% active level
• Genapol C200 is a coco (C9-C11)20EO nonionic (Clariant)
• Hydrenol D (Cognis) is a fully hardened vegetable derived C16-C18 fatty alcohol.
• C820 is a 11% silica dispersion in water (Ciba) with 22 ran size silica particles.
• the quantities in the table show the amount of silica.
• Natrasol 331 a hydrophobically modified hydroxy ethyl cellulose .
• Examples A and 1 were subject to wrinkle testing and compared to the application of the silica dispersion and water. The results are reported in Table 2. Table 2. AATCC128 wrinkle score after 24hrs for fabric conditioner formulation combined with silica sample C820 for 0.3% owf deposition. The HIGHER the score the less the monitors are wrinkled.
• Example A Example 1 silica (C820) Water
• Table 3 characterises the fabric handle obtained using the formulations.
• a lower 2HG5 score means that there is a more elastic response when a shearing force is applied to the treated fabric.
• a lower G score means that a lower level of stiffness is experienced when a shearing force is applied.
• the formulations reported in the following Table 4 were prepared by mixing a silica dispersion with off-the-shelf fabric conditioning compositions.
• the silica dispersions was Ludox SP532-10519 a 40% silicon dispersion with 50 nm particle size ex Grace Davison.
• the fabric conditioning compositions were:
• Another class of lubricant-particle blends belong to the MQ silicone resin class from Dow Corning shown in Tables 5 and 6. The intensity of wrinkling is reduced compared to untreated after 1 hr and 24hrs at the preferred deposition levels.
• Tables 5 and 6 the composition of the internal phase of the emulsions is the same. They differ in the type of surfactant used for emulsification.
• Table 7 shows the composition of the oil and water phases of the emulsions.
• the PDMS/resin blends in D5 are mixed with water and emulsifier (not shown in Table 7) .
• Table 7 Composition of PDMS/resin blend in emulsions.
• Siloxane resin consisting of monovalent trisiloxy (M) groups having formula R3SiOi/2 and tetravalent siloxy (Q) groups having formula Si ⁇ 4/2 and the polymer is amino functionalised PDMS with some degree of OH termination of viscosity 4000 mPa s.
• Table 8 provides the droplet sizes of the resin blend emulsions used in Tables 8 and 9.
• the silicon resin blend treated monitors showed better softness and handle compared to silica at equal add-on level. Their ease of ironing was also improved compared to the silica.

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