EP1857401A1 - Ensemble palonniers et moyens de positionnement - Google Patents

Ensemble palonniers et moyens de positionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1857401A1
EP1857401A1 EP06114214A EP06114214A EP1857401A1 EP 1857401 A1 EP1857401 A1 EP 1857401A1 EP 06114214 A EP06114214 A EP 06114214A EP 06114214 A EP06114214 A EP 06114214A EP 1857401 A1 EP1857401 A1 EP 1857401A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arm
spreader
seat
positioning means
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06114214A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lars Karlsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bromma Conquip AB
Original Assignee
Bromma Conquip AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bromma Conquip AB filed Critical Bromma Conquip AB
Priority to EP06114214A priority Critical patent/EP1857401A1/fr
Publication of EP1857401A1 publication Critical patent/EP1857401A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
    • B66C1/663—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/101—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for containers
    • B66C1/104—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for containers for two or more containers side by side

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spreader assembly, and more specifically to a spreader assembly comprising a positioning means by which the relative position between two spreaders are controllable in tandem lift operations.
  • the spreaders referred to are commonly used in ports and freight yards for shifting containers to and from transport vehicles, such as between ships and shore.
  • the spreader typically comprises a frame work carrying in its lower side locking means arranged in pairs, and by which the spreader is detachably connectable to the top side of the container.
  • the spreader is controlled in lifting/lowering operations through crane cables that run through idling sheaves supported on the upper side of the spreader.
  • the spreader frames may be telescopically extendable/retractable and this way adapted for optionally handling one 20-45 feet container in single lift operations, or two 20-feet containers concurrently in end facing relation during a twin lift operation.
  • tandem lift operations two containers (or 2 plus 2 containers, if applicable) are handled simultaneously in side by side relation.
  • spreaders are known to be convertible from a single lift mode to a tandem lift mode.
  • Another approach to tandem lift operations comprises dual spreader frames separately supported from a crane and individually controlled through separate cable-drives in lifting/lowering movements.
  • positioning means are activated and operative to control the relative position between the spreaders in order to avoid collision caused by swinging and in order to allow the simultaneous lowering of the two spreaders into the load space of a container ship, e.g.
  • a positioning means which is previously known comprises an arm, one end of which is supported on a first spreader frame, and extendable telescopically for docking with its other end in a seat supported on a second spreader frame. In connected position, the arm spans the lateral distance from side to side of the horizontally spaced and interconnected spreader frames.
  • the structure allows a small misalignment in the spreader relation due to some degree of pivoting in the arm-to-spreader connections, but the structure is vulnerable in cases of greater displacements in space which may cause damage to the arm-to-spreader connections.
  • the structure also suffers from a cumbersome connecting of the positioning arm, requiring for example a rather accurate horizontal leveling of the spreader frames upon connection which typically involves ground personnel to guide the crane operator in the connecting procedure.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a positioning means in a spreader assembly that avoids the drawbacks recited above, and by which interconnection of spreader frames in tandem lift operations is simplified and practicable without assistance from ground personnel and wherein an accurate leveling of the spreader frames is not critical for activation of the positioning means.
  • Another object is to provide a positioning means structured to allow greater displacements in space between the dual spreader frames in interconnected relation.
  • Still another object is to provide a positioning means that is less vulnerable to displacements powered by cable-drives and gravity acting on the payload.
  • Yet another object is to provide a positioning means that is operable selectively for controlling a relative position between interconnected spreader frames in a horizontal plane, while disregarding displacements in the vertical planes.
  • the present invention provides a positioning means in a spreader assembly, the positioning means comprising an articulated arm, a first end of which is connected to a primary spreader frame and a second end of which is selectively connectable to a secondary spreader frame, wherein the first and second arm ends connect pivotally in horizontal planes of the associated spreader frames as well as in vertical planes intersecting a longitudinal axis of each primary and secondary spreader frames.
  • the positioning means is characterized in that the second arm end is selectively connectable and non-connectable, respectively, to a seat mounted on the secondary spreader frame, the seat having an insert or connecting end facing upwards from the spreader frame, and the second arm end carrying means mating with the seat in result of a driven and remotely controlled, vertical or substantially vertical downward movement of the second arm end upon connection.
  • any reference made to the horizontal and vertical shall be understood in relation to a spreader frame that is balanced and parallel to the flat and leveled ground.
  • any reference to the longitudinal and transversal shall be understood as referring to the longitudinal and transverse axes of the spreader frames included in the assembly.
  • a spreader assembly 1 comprising a primary spreader frame 2 and a secondary spreader frame 3.
  • Each primary and secondary spreader frames 2 and 3 typically carries a superstructure or head-block 4 and 5, respectively.
  • the expression "spreader frame” shall be understood as referring to the subject spreader structure with or without such superstructure or head-blocks.
  • Cable sheaves 6 attach each spreader frame individually to separate cable drives in a crane, via cables 7. Through the cable drives, controlled by a crane operator, the primary and secondary spreader frames are controllable in lifting and lowering movements, separately in single lift operations or in pairs in tandem operations as desired.
  • the spreader frames 2,3 may be conventionally equipped and controllable for connecting/disconnecting to different sized containers in a manner well known to the person skilled in the art, and will therefore not be further explained in these well known aspects.
  • At least one articulated arm 8 is selectively operable for controlling the relative position between primary and secondary spreader frames 2 and 3.
  • two similarly structured arms 8 may equally serve as positioning means in the spreader assembly.
  • the articulated arm 8 comprises an inner arm section 9 pivotally connected to an outer arm section 10 via a hinged joint 11.
  • a first end 12 of the arm 8 is connected to the primary spreader frame 2, or to the superstructure 4 thereof as the case may be.
  • a second end 13 of the arm 8 is selectively connectable and non-connectable, respectively, to the secondary spreader frame 3, or to the superstructure 5 thereof if appropriate.
  • both first and second arm ends 12, 13 connect pivotally in horizontal planes of the associated spreader frames as well as in vertical planes intersecting a longitudinal axis of the associated primary and second spreader frames.
  • the first end 12 of the articulated arm 8 which may be permanently connected or detachably connectable to the primary spreader frame 2, pivots in a horizontal plane about a vertical axis 14 and in a vertical plane about a horizontal axis 15.
  • the second arm end 13 in connected position pivots in a horizontal plane about a vertical axis 16 and in a vertical plane about a horizontal axis 17.
  • a first cylinder 18 visible in figs. 1-2 operates between the inner and outer arm sections for extension/retraction of the articulated arm 8.
  • a second cylinder 19 is effective for lifting/lowering the articulated arm 8 in a vertical plane about the horizontal pivot axis 15, said second cylinder 19 operating between the inner arm section 9 and an arm connection 20 attaching the first arm end 12 to a pivot bearing 21 supported on the primary spreader frame 2.
  • a third cylinder 22 operates between the arm connection 20 and the primary spreader frame for pivoting the arm in the horizontal plane, about the vertical pivot axis 14 of the pivot bearing 21. Pivoting movements at the second arm end 13 are correspondingly powered and controlled as will be explained by reference made to fig.
  • a fourth cylinder 23 operates between the outer arm section 10 and an arm connection 24 attaching the second arm end 13 to a pivot bearing 25 supported on a connecting means 26 which is carried in the second arm end and connectable, as will be further described below, to the secondary spreader frame 3.
  • the fourth cylinder 23 is effective for pivoting the articulated arm in a vertical plane about the horizontal pivot axis 17.
  • a fifth cylinder 27 operates between the arm connection 24 and the connecting means 26 for pivoting the articulated arm in a horizontal plane, about the vertical pivot axis 16 of the pivot bearing 25.
  • At least one tilt cylinder such as a sixth cylinder 28 visible in fig. 3, is arranged and operative for tilting the articulated arm 8 in a vertical tilt plane transversally intersecting the vertical pivot plane, about a horizontal tilt axis 29 perpendicular to the horizontal pivot axis 15.
  • the tilt axis 29 constitutes a hinged connection between pivotally connected upper and lower members of the arm connection 20 for the first arm end 12.
  • a tilt function may additionally, or alternatively, be correspondingly arranged through a hinged arm end connection 24 for the second arm end 13.
  • the second arm end 13 carries a connecting means 26 by which the primary and secondary spreader frames can be interconnected in tandem lift operations.
  • the connecting means 26 is operative for connection/disconnection of the second arm end to a seat 30 mounted on the secondary spreader frame, or when appropriate onto its superstructure 5, in fig. 2 illustrated in a disconnected mode and in figs. 4 and 5 illustrated in connected modes, respectively.
  • the seat 30 is formed with an upwards facing insert or/and connecting end, by which the connecting means 26 is receivable upon connection in a downwards movement of the second end 13 of the articulated arm, as illustrated in fig. 6.
  • a latch mechanism 31 of the connecting means is operable to arrest the connecting means in a lower end of the seat as illustrated in fig. 5, remote from seat's insert end.
  • substantially vertical as used herein should be understood as referring to a movement, the major component of direction of which is vertical and not horizontal, and which at least partially includes a true vertical movement downwards to the seat of a spreader frame which is balanced and leveled with the ground.
  • the latch mechanism 31 comprises first and second latches 32 and 33 which are driven through a lock cylinder 34 to slide in opposite directions in guides 35 arranged on the connecting means 26.
  • the latches 32, 33 engage a lower side of the seat remote from the insert end, while a flange formation 36 on the connecting means abuts a shoulder 37 formed at the insert end of the seat.
  • the first and second ends of the articulated arm attaches in connected position to the top sides of the two spreader frames or to the top sides of the superstructures 4 and 5 thereof, respectively, and in a singular arm embodiment preferably at the longitudinal centers of the primary and secondary spreader frames, or the superstructures thereof.
  • the seat 30 is mounted thereto with its insert or/and connecting end facing upwards, thereby able to receive the second end of the articulated arm through the vertical or substantially vertical connection movement of the second arm end as recited above.
  • the arrangement of a seat 30 which is connectable through the downwards movement of the arm end ensures a stable and accurate mating between seat and arm end, while the weight of the spreader hanging in the crane cables provides a favorable counter support which is lacking in a structure relying on a horizontal connecting movement.
  • the primary spreader attaching the first end 12 of the articulated arm is chosen to be the seaside spreader, that is the remote spreader as viewed from the crane operator. This way, the operator will have full visibility in the connecting operation.
  • the drive means for articulation and pivoting of the arm, as well as the lock cylinder that connects/disconnects the second arm end to the secondary spreader are all driven and controlled via the primary spreader in a preferred embodiment.
  • hydraulic power is supplied via the primary spreader to all drives controlling the movements and connection of the articulated arm 8, and operator control is remotely performed via control logic and hydraulic medium valves carried on the primary spreader.
  • teachings provided herein would also be applicable in embodiments where at least one of power, control logic, drive means and connecting structures, such as the pivot bearing 25 and latch mechanism 31, e.g., are located on the secondary spreader in the alternative.
  • the articulated arm 8 is operable via the control logic for controlling the relative position of the primary and secondary spreader frames in a horizontal plane, while disregarding displacements in vertical planes powered by cable-drives and gravity acting on the payload.
  • the arm is operative through the activation of corresponding drive means mentioned above to control the horizontal spacing between the spreader frames notwithstanding a transverse tilt as illustrated in figs. 7a-7d, or a longitudinal tilt as illustrated in fig. 8 (by pivoting about the at least one tilt axis 29).
  • the arm is operable under non-leveled conditions wherein a height difference prevails between the spreader frames, as illustrated in figs. 9a-9d, as well as under conditions of longitudinal shift as illustrated in fig. 11.
  • the articulated arm is controllable for positioning the spreader frames with respect to the horizontal distance between the spreader frames.
  • the positioning means is designed with respect to freedom of pivoting and arm length to accommodate a lateral separation s between spreader frames of at least 1,600 mm, in leveled as well as tilted or shifted conditions.
  • the illustrated embodiment is operable at height differences Ah of at least +/- 700 mm at zero spacing and of at least +/- 300 mm at 1,600 mm spacing.
  • the versatile operability of the positioning means of the present invention i.e. the articulated arm, its pivots and drives, is achievable and provided through a corresponding power control of the drives. More precisely, the positioning means is controlled by the control logic to a non-powered condition in displacements governed by the cable-drives and gravity, setting the articulated arm and subject drive means into a free-floating condition in which the arm freely pivots about the corresponding pivot axes. Simultaneously, the drive means operable for extension/retraction and for corresponding pivoting of the articulated arm are selectively powered, effecting control and adjustment of the horizontal spacing between spreader frames.
  • Load detection and overload protection may be provided through load and pressure sensors arranged on cylinders, as known per se, and readings of the sensors are processed through the control logic for shifting corresponding drives between powered and non-powered modes.
  • the positioning means structured as disclosed is made durable and less vulnerable to displacements caused by loads that are too high to be counteracted by available power of drive means and structural design of the articulated arm.
  • the articulated arm 8 Upon interconnecting the primary and secondary spreader frames, the articulated arm 8 is controlled and powered to move the second arm end 13 to a start position above the seat 30, from which position the connecting means 26 carried in the arm end is descended to match with the seat.
  • guides 38 may be arranged at the insert end of the seat as illustrated in figs. 2 and 4, e.g.
  • the start position I is illustrated in fig. 6 which is a simplified diagram wherein details are omitted for clarity.
  • the start position I is determined from a detected relative position between the spreader frames, indicative for the relative position between the seat 30 and the articulated arm 8.
  • optical or sound operated position detection means are arranged on the spreader frames.
  • Position detectors are notoriously applied in purpose of spreader control and well known to persons skilled in the art of spreader design, and for this reason need no further explanation herein.
  • the control logic governs the arm through activation of corresponding drive units for extension/retraction and for pivoting about the horizontal and vertical axes, in result of which the second arm end 13 and connecting means 26 supported therein are moved to the start position I above the seat 30.
  • the horizontal distance s and longitudinal shift is required to determine the start position, essentially vertically above the seat. It will be understood, that the start position I is not necessarily a fixed position but rather an elevated position above the seat, as indicated by broken lines in fig. 6.
  • the subject posture of the arm may be continuously monitored through linear detectors arranged on the cylinders, e.g., continuously detecting the length of extension of cylinder pistons as is a well known technology applied to hydraulic cylinders.
  • linear detectors arranged on the cylinders, e.g., continuously detecting the length of extension of cylinder pistons as is a well known technology applied to hydraulic cylinders.
  • a start position I above the seat 30 is attainable at detected maximum differences ⁇ h in height between the spreader frames of at least +/- 300 mm at a lateral spacing s of 1,600 mm, preferably at a detected height dif ference of at least +/- 500 mm at lesser lateral spacing, and most preferred at a detected height difference of at least +/- 700 mm between the primary and secondary spreader frames at zero lateral spacing, as has proven available in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the connecting means is lowered for mating with the seat in a vertical or substantially vertical descending motion V which is terminated upon mating contact, detectable through electrical switches, optic/sound sensors, or load sensing detectors on the subject drive means, e.g.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
EP06114214A 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Ensemble palonniers et moyens de positionnement Withdrawn EP1857401A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06114214A EP1857401A1 (fr) 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Ensemble palonniers et moyens de positionnement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06114214A EP1857401A1 (fr) 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Ensemble palonniers et moyens de positionnement

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EP1857401A1 true EP1857401A1 (fr) 2007-11-21

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2062843A1 (fr) * 2007-11-20 2009-05-27 Bromma Conquip AB Bras de liaison articulé dans un agencement de palonnier côte à côte
EP2128073A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-02 Kalmar Industries OY AB Chariot cavalier
ITMO20080195A1 (it) * 2008-07-16 2010-01-17 Luciano Fantuzzi Attrezzatura per l'aggancio rapido di carichi, particolarmente container
EP2505485A1 (fr) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-03 Smit Nederland B.V. Dispositif pour le transport par allège d'urgence d'un navire de chargement et utilisation dudit dispositif
WO2014039009A1 (fr) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-13 Nsl Engineering Pte Ltd Système de transport de conteneurs

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4370079A (en) * 1979-10-12 1983-01-25 Cesare Pizzirani Apparatus for encasing excavations
WO2005090223A1 (fr) * 2004-03-24 2005-09-29 Nsl Engineering Pte Ltd Systeme de manipulation de conteneurs
US20060043748A1 (en) 2002-06-10 2006-03-02 Cornelis Stinis Hoisting frame and method for its use

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4370079A (en) * 1979-10-12 1983-01-25 Cesare Pizzirani Apparatus for encasing excavations
US20060043748A1 (en) 2002-06-10 2006-03-02 Cornelis Stinis Hoisting frame and method for its use
WO2005090223A1 (fr) * 2004-03-24 2005-09-29 Nsl Engineering Pte Ltd Systeme de manipulation de conteneurs

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2062843A1 (fr) * 2007-11-20 2009-05-27 Bromma Conquip AB Bras de liaison articulé dans un agencement de palonnier côte à côte
EP2128073A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-02 Kalmar Industries OY AB Chariot cavalier
ITMO20080195A1 (it) * 2008-07-16 2010-01-17 Luciano Fantuzzi Attrezzatura per l'aggancio rapido di carichi, particolarmente container
WO2010007514A3 (fr) * 2008-07-16 2010-03-11 Fantuzzi, Luciano Matériel de raccordement rapide de charges, en particulier des contenants
EP2505485A1 (fr) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-03 Smit Nederland B.V. Dispositif pour le transport par allège d'urgence d'un navire de chargement et utilisation dudit dispositif
WO2014039009A1 (fr) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-13 Nsl Engineering Pte Ltd Système de transport de conteneurs

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