EP1857194B1 - Multi-layer pipe and method for its manufacture - Google Patents
Multi-layer pipe and method for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
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- EP1857194B1 EP1857194B1 EP07016706A EP07016706A EP1857194B1 EP 1857194 B1 EP1857194 B1 EP 1857194B1 EP 07016706 A EP07016706 A EP 07016706A EP 07016706 A EP07016706 A EP 07016706A EP 1857194 B1 EP1857194 B1 EP 1857194B1
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- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- layer
- multilayer
- acting
- multilayer pipe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/0815—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams without continuous longitudinal movement of the sheet during the bending operation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/09—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams of coated strip material ; Making multi-wall tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multilayer pipe according to the preamble of claim 6 and a method for its preparation according to the preamble of claim 1 (each case eg US-A-3327383 , Multilayer pipes are preferably used in case of high requirements against corrosion or abrasion.
- Corrosion-resistant pressure vessels or pressure lines can be produced more cost-effectively by using multilayer pipes than solid versions made of appropriate materials. This is achieved by the load sharing on a thin, corrosion resistant inner layer (e.g., stainless and acid resistant steel) and a high strength, pressure resistant outer layer (e.g., fine grain structural steel). As a result, overall steel consumption can be significantly reduced and much of the remaining steel consumption can be shifted to low-cost materials.
- a thin, corrosion resistant inner layer e.g., stainless and acid resistant steel
- a high strength, pressure resistant outer layer e.g., fine grain structural steel
- Abrasion-resistant pipes are made possible by the design as a multilayer pipe (such as mechanical bond, see below) in certain grades in the first place, because materials (eg high-strength steels with high hardness) can be used as an inner layer, which alone or only very difficult can be processed into tubes.
- the disadvantage of this method according to the prior art is due to the fact that the outer tube must have a higher yield strength than the inner, otherwise the lack of adhesion to the inner tube causing and therefore required elastic resilience of the outer tube.
- This is particularly disadvantageous because high-strength materials - such as particularly high-strength steels - as they are particularly advantageous for abrasion-resistant piping inside the pipe, high or even very high yield strengths and thus are not suitable for this manufacturing process.
- the use of rolled and / or blast-plated semifinished product can be avoided that the respective acting as an inner tube material layer pressed during tube formation in the bending roll and / or the final shaping usually necessary Anbiegemaschine frictionally in the respective functioning as outer tube material layer and is frictionally held in the respective outer tube and without having to expand the multilayer tube and thus to take the disadvantages already mentioned.
- Anbiegemaschine frictionally in the respective functioning as outer tube material layer and is frictionally held in the respective outer tube and without having to expand the multilayer tube and thus to take the disadvantages already mentioned It should be noted that in some cases, however, a final forming in the bending roll alone is possible, such as shorter bending rolls, which can perform the function of the final formation of the pipe with. In these cases, a bender does not participate in manufacturing processes.
- the multilayer pipe is closed by welding the outer pipe along the pipe seam and build-up welding of the inner pipe so as to manufacture the multilayer pipe body.
- the material layers can be connected to the front sides of the tube, for example, there to prevent the ingress of moisture between the metallurgically yes not vollflächig vcrbundenen material layers.
- a preferred application of the production process for the production of pipes according to the invention represents the production of double-layer pipes according to the invention, however, the invention is not limited thereto, also three-, four- and more multi-layer pipes according to the invention are hereby in principle which, according to the state of the art, is at least much more difficult if not impossible at all.
- sheets preferably metal sheets and more preferably steel sheets, as a material layer or elements of the material layer use.
- the method of the present invention can be used as the respective inner layer and such materials - such as particularly high-strength steels - use that can not or very difficult to weld.
- the principle of the invention remains the same: The wetting material layer acting as inner tube is already pressed into the bending roll during tube forming in a force-fitting manner into the respective material layer acting as outer tube and thus held frictionally in the respective outer tube.
- a gap is left between the edges of the overlying material layer and the stop edges, which closes only in the course of the tube forming process.
- the multilayer pipe according to the invention in particular the multilayer pipe obtained according to the present invention, is designed such that a respective inner material layer has a higher yield strength or yield strength than the respective outer material layer (see below) than this, wherein at least one material layer is preferably made of sheet metal, particularly preferably consists of sheet steel.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of a multilayer pipe according to the invention is characterized in that the multilayer pipe is formed as a double-layer pipe, which has two layers of steel sheet, wherein the sheet acting as an inner tube layer has a high to very high carbon content and thus at least not necessarily weldable
- multilayer tubes - in particular double-layer tubes made of steel sheet material layers - with high yield strength of the material of the respective inner tube be produced at the same time lower yield strength of the material of the respective outer tube, which is required for such uses of multilayer pipes, for which it depends on the highest possible abrasion resistance of the inner tube, as a high abrasion resistance usually also with a high hardness and this in turn goes hand in hand with a high yield strength.
- Such multi-layer pipes which have an inner tube made of a material with a higher yield strength than a pipe arranged for this purpose, but still show no full-surface metallurgical connection of adjacent layers, can not be produced according to the prior art; they do not exist yet. On the other hand, they are made possible by the present invention. It should be pointed out that in the case of a non-pronounced yield strength - for example, in cases of increased plastic deformation - instead of the yield strength of the yield strength as the amount of stress a plastic permanent strain under a certain force occurs.
- the method according to the invention also makes possible a much greater variety of combinations of the materials in the multilayer pipes according to the invention.
- certain abrasion-resistant steels can not be used as the inner layer, since they are not suitable for use solely as pipe-forming processes (eg as a liner tube) because of the high yield strength inherent in their high abrasion resistance, and they would also have to be welded for inner tube formation
- pipe-forming processes eg as a liner tube
- Corresponding pipes therefore do not exist until today.
- the method according to the invention which makes use of the frictional pressing of the respective inner tube into the respective outer tube during the production process, also makes it possible to produce such multilayer tubes which have a non-weldable inner layer or not necessarily weldable material - such as a steel with a high, preferably very high carbon content - use. Also, the use of materials that can not be welded at all, such as modern plastics, which have the desired properties of a pipe inner layer, becomes possible in the first place. Tubes with such inner layers also do not exist so far.
- multilayer pipes without expensive and poorly available plated (full metallurgically bonded) sheets can be produced in almost any large diameter with the inventive method, which is not yet possible according to the prior art, since the necessary expansion by the dimensions the expansion punch used or by a, in the case of hydraulic expansion force necessary for the uniform formation die, which encloses the multi-layer tube to be produced, is limited.
- the bending roll method according to the invention allows multilayer pipes which are not subject to such predetermined limits, since the bending roll, which indeed only forms a shaping at one point of the radius of curvature of the pipe, thus does not limit the diameter of the multilayer pipe according to the invention. This makes it possible, in particular, to produce multilayer pipes without plated metal sheets which exceed the limit given by the current state of the art of approximately 610 mm (24 ”) diameter, preferably far.
- the present invention first enables the production of multilayer tubes with partial inner layer, i. a cross-sectionally only a partial circle forming inner tube, for example in the form of a gutter insert on the pipe base, which has hitherto also not possible according to the prior art.
- Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of the, later forming the outer tube, base plate 2 with stop edges 10a, 10b and, the later inner tube forming, inner plate 1, in the still flat unprocessed state.
- the multi-layer material thus formed is formed by means of a bending roll to form a multilayer pipe according to the invention, wherein the respective functioning as an inner tube material layer 1 clamped between the stop edges 10a, 10b and so non-positively pressed into each acting as an outer tube material layer 2 .
- a gap is left, which closes only in the course of the tube forming process.
- Fig. 10 shows a cross section through a multi-layer pipe 5 according to the present invention, where the base plate of the outer tube 2 has stop edges 10a, 10b and the inner tube forming the inner tube 1 is clamped according to deformation progress between these stop edges 10a, 10b, and so as a result of the bending process frictionally in the outer tube 1 is pressed.
- the gap between the edges of the overlying material layer and the stop edges 10a , 10b has previously been closed.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Mehrlagenrohr gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 6 sowie ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 (Siche jeweils z.B.
Korrosionsbeständige Druckbehälter oder Druckleitungen können durch Anwendung von Mehrlagen-Rohren kostengünstiger hergestellt werden als Massivausführungen aus entsprechenden Werkstoffen. Dies wird erreicht durch die Lastenteilung auf eine dünne, korrosionsbeständige Innenlage (z.B. rost- und säurebeständiger Stahl) und eine hochfeste, druckbeständige Außenlage (z. B. Feinkornbaustahl). Dadurch kann der Stahlverbrauch insgesamt erheblich gesenkt und ein Großteil des verbleibenden Stahlverbrauchs auf kostengünstige Werkstoffe verlagert werden.Corrosion-resistant pressure vessels or pressure lines can be produced more cost-effectively by using multilayer pipes than solid versions made of appropriate materials. This is achieved by the load sharing on a thin, corrosion resistant inner layer (e.g., stainless and acid resistant steel) and a high strength, pressure resistant outer layer (e.g., fine grain structural steel). As a result, overall steel consumption can be significantly reduced and much of the remaining steel consumption can be shifted to low-cost materials.
Abrasionsbeständige Rohrleitungen werden durch die Ausführung als Mehrlagen-Rohr (etwa mit mechanischer Bindung, s.u.) in bestimmten Güteklassen überhaupt erst ermöglicht, da Werkstoffe (z.B. hochfeste Stähle mit hohen Härten) als Innenlage eingesetzt werden können, die für sich alleine nicht oder nur sehr schwierig zu Rohren verarbeitet werden können.Abrasion-resistant pipes are made possible by the design as a multilayer pipe (such as mechanical bond, see below) in certain grades in the first place, because materials (eg high-strength steels with high hardness) can be used as an inner layer, which alone or only very difficult can be processed into tubes.
Andere Werkstoffkombinationen sind in großer Vielfalt möglich, prinzipiell begrenzt sich die Kombinierbarkeit von Werkstoffen dabei nur durch die jeweilig infrage kommenden Verarbeitungstechniken.Other material combinations are possible in a great variety, in principle, the combinability of materials is limited only by the applicable processing techniques.
Beim Aufbau des Rohrmantels wird unterschieden zwischen
- vollflächiger metallurgischer Bindung (diese erfordert plattiertes Blech als Ausgangshalbzeug), und
- rein mechanischer Bindung (etwa einer Reibbindung) zwischen Innen- und Außenrohr - vorzugsweise Innen- und Außenblech und ihrer Verschweißung an den Blechkanten -.
- full-surface metallurgical bond (this requires plated sheet metal as a starting semi-finished product), and
- purely mechanical bond (such as a friction bond) between inner and outer tube - preferably inner and outer sheet and their welding at the sheet edges -.
Die Herstellung solcher Mehrlagenrohre erfolgt dabei nach dem Stand der Technik wie folgt:The production of such multilayer pipes is carried out according to the prior art as follows:
Bei Mehrlagenrohren mit metallurgischer Bindung zwischen den Lagen - etwa Mehrlagenrohren aus Metallblechen, vorzugsweise Stahlblechen - findet als Ausgangshalbzeug ein plattiertes Verbundblech aus zwei verschiedenen (Stahl-)Werkstoffen Verwendung. Das Mehrlagenrohr wird dann wie folgt hergestellt:
- Zunächst erfolgt die Herstellung eines Verbund-Bleches durch Walz- oder Sprengplattieren,
- dann die Rohrformung nach üblichen Verfahren, etwa vermittels einer Biegewalze oder Biegeprese und
- hernach die Schweißung, wobei die Außenwand des Mehrlagenrohres nach den üblichen Verfahren zur Rohrschweißung entsprechend dem verwendeten Werkstoff und die Schweißung der Innenwand als Auftragsschweißung, ebenfalls passend zum Werkstoff erfolgt.
- First, the production of a composite sheet by roll or explosive plating,
- then tube forming by conventional methods, such as by means of a bending roll or bending press and
- thereafter, the welding, wherein the outer wall of the multilayer pipe according to the usual method of pipe welding according to the material used and the welding of the inner wall as a build-up welding, also fits the material.
Der Nachteil dieses Verfahrens nach dem Stand der Technik liegt zum einen in den hohen Kosten des Ausgangshalbzeuges und damit auch des Endproduktes, zum anderen aber auch in einer mangelnden ausreichenden Verfügbarkeit des Ausgangshalbzeuges, aufgrund äußerst beschränkter Produktionskapazitäten hierfür in der Welt. So gibt es nach Kenntnis der Anmelderin und des Erfinders nur einige wenige Anlagen zur Herstelllung walzplattierter mehrlagiger Bleche, etwa in Österreich und in Japan, jedoch beispielsweise keine einzige Anlage in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland hierfür. Auch Anlagen für das Sprengplattieren sind nach Kenntnis des Erfinders und der Anmelderin kaum vorhanden. So existiert etwa bei Dynamit Nobel in Burbach, Bundesrepublik Deutschland eine der wenigen solchen Anlagen. Auch ist die hierbei verwendete Fertigungstechnik sehr problematisch und entsprechend aufwendig und teuer, wobei zusätzlich zu bemerken ist, daß sie auch nur für sehr kleine Fertigungslose überhaupt zur Verfügung steht.The disadvantage of this method according to the prior art is firstly the high cost of the starting semifinished product and thus also of the end product, but on the other hand also a lack of sufficient availability of the starting semifinished product due to extremely limited production capacities for it in the world. Thus, to the knowledge of the applicant and the inventor, there are only a few plants for the production of roll-laminated multilayer sheets, such as in Austria and Japan, but for example, not a single plant in the Federal Republic of Germany for this purpose. Even systems for explosive cladding are hardly available to the knowledge of the inventor and the applicant. For example, at Dynamit Nobel in Burbach, Germany, one of the few such facilities exists. Also, the manufacturing technique used in this case is very problematic and correspondingly expensive and expensive, it being additionally noted that it is available even for very small production lots at all.
Weiterhin ist die Anzahl der Werkstoffe, die sich auf diese Weise verarbeiten lassen, begrenzt. So lassen sich etwa bestimmte abrasionsbeständige Stähle als Innenlage dann nicht verwenden, wenn sie sich aufgrund ihres hohen Kohlenstoffanteils nicht oder nur schlecht schweißen lassen.Furthermore, the number of materials that can be processed in this way, limited. For example, certain abrasion-resistant steels can not be used as the inner layer if they are difficult or impossible to weld because of their high carbon content.
Bei Mehrlagenrohren mit mechanischer Bindung finden als Ausgangshalbzeug mehrere - vorzugsweise zwei - fertige Rohre Verwendung. Das Verfahren soll dabei im folgenden anhand des Beispiels zweier Rohre erläutert werden (im Falle weiterer Lagen sind die Auführungen entsprechend zu verstehen):
- Zwei fertige Rohre werden aus den zu kombinierenden Werkstoffen passgenau gefertigt und ohne Reibung ineinander geschoben, wobei das äußere Rohr eine höhere Streckgrenze aufweisen muß als das innere.
- Durch Expandieren (mechanisch - etwa vermittels eines Expansionsstempels - oder durch Flüssigkeitsdruck, wobei die ineinander liegenden Rohre in ein das Außenrohr umfassendes Gesenk gepreßt werden) wird das Innenrohr unter elastischer Aufweitung des Außenrohrs in das Außenrohr gedrückt. Nach Wegfallen der Expansionskräfte legt sich das Außenrohr wegen der höheren elastischen Rückfederung kraftschlüssig um das Innenrohr.
- Abschließend werden die beiden Werkstoffe an den Stirnseiten verschweißt.
- Two finished tubes are made of the materials to be combined accurately and pushed into each other without friction, the outer tube must have a higher yield strength than the inner.
- By expanding (mechanically - such as by means of an expansion punch - or by fluid pressure, wherein the nested tubes are pressed into a die comprising the outer tube), the inner tube is pressed into the outer tube with elastic expansion of the outer tube. After elimination of the expansion forces, the outer tube sets because of the higher elastic resilience frictionally around the inner tube.
- Finally, the two materials are welded at the ends.
Der Nachteil dieses Verfahrens nach dem Stand der Technik liegt darin begründet, daß das äußere Rohr eine höhere Streckgrenze aufweisen muß als das innere, da ansonsten die den Kraftschluß mit dem Innenrohr hervorrufende und daher erforderliche elastische Rückfederung des Außenrohres fehlt. Dies ist insbesondere deshalb nachteilig, weil hochfeste Werkstoffe - etwa besonders hochfeste Stähle -, wie sie vorzugsweise für abrasionsbeständige Rohrleitungen im Inneren des Rohres besonders vorteilhaft sind, hohe oder sogar sehr hohe Streckgrenzen aufweisen und sich damit für dieses Herstellungsverfahren nicht eignen.The disadvantage of this method according to the prior art is due to the fact that the outer tube must have a higher yield strength than the inner, otherwise the lack of adhesion to the inner tube causing and therefore required elastic resilience of the outer tube. This is particularly disadvantageous because high-strength materials - such as particularly high-strength steels - as they are particularly advantageous for abrasion-resistant piping inside the pipe, high or even very high yield strengths and thus are not suitable for this manufacturing process.
Daher ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ausgehend vom Stand der Technik, ein Mehrlagenrohr sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung anzugeben, das einerseits die vorgenannten Nachteile zu vermeiden sucht, mithin ohne walz- und/oder sprengplattiertes Halbzeug auskommt, andererseits aber auch nicht den Beschränkungen unterliegt, die die Herstellung mehrlagiger Rohre nach dem Stand der Technik mit reibschlüssiger mechanischer Bindung von Lagen untereinander mit sich bringt.It is therefore an object of the present invention starting from the prior art to provide a multilayer pipe and method for its production, on the one hand seeks to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages, thus does not require roll-and / or blast-plated semi-finished, but on the other hand is not subject to the restrictions, the production of multilayered Pipes according to the prior art with frictional mechanical bonding of layers with each other brings.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß zunächst durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mehrlagenrohres nach Anspruch 1 und ein Mehrlagenrohr nach Anspruch 6 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention first by a method for producing a multilayer pipe according to
Zweckmäßige Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.
Hier kann die Verwendung walz- und/oder sprengplattierten Halbzeugs dadurch vermieden werden, daß die jeweilige als Innenrohr fungierende Werkstofflage schon während der Rohrformung in der Biegewalze und/oder der zur Endformung in der Regel notwendigen Anbiegemaschine kraftschlüssig in die jeweilig als Außenrohr fungierende Werkstofflage gepresst und so im jeweiligen Außenrohr reibschlüssig gehalten wird und zwar ohne das Mehrlagenrohr aufweiten zu müssen und damit die bereits angeführten Nachteile einzugehen. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß in einigen Fällen aber auch eine Endformung in der Biegewalze allein möglich ist, etwa bei kürzeren Biegewalzen, die die Funktion der Endformung des Rohres mit zu leisten vermögen. In diesen Fällen nimmt eine Anbiegemaschine nicht Herstellverfahren teil.Here, the use of rolled and / or blast-plated semifinished product can be avoided that the respective acting as an inner tube material layer pressed during tube formation in the bending roll and / or the final shaping usually necessary Anbiegemaschine frictionally in the respective functioning as outer tube material layer and is frictionally held in the respective outer tube and without having to expand the multilayer tube and thus to take the disadvantages already mentioned. It should be noted that in some cases, however, a final forming in the bending roll alone is possible, such as shorter bending rolls, which can perform the function of the final formation of the pipe with. In these cases, a bender does not participate in manufacturing processes.
Vorzugsweise wird bei Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Mehrlagenrohre mit Hilfe einer Biegewalze das Mehrlagenrohr durch eine Schweißung des Außenrohres entlang der Rohrnaht und eine Auftragsschweißung des Innenrohres geschlossen, um so den Mehrlagenrohrkörper zu fertigen.Preferably, in processes for producing the multilayer pipes according to the invention by means of a bending roll, the multilayer pipe is closed by welding the outer pipe along the pipe seam and build-up welding of the inner pipe so as to manufacture the multilayer pipe body.
Auch können die Werkstofflagen an den Stirnseiten des Rohres verbunden werden, etwa um dort das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit zwischen die metallurgisch ja nicht vollflächig vcrbundenen Werkstofflagen zu verhindern.Also, the material layers can be connected to the front sides of the tube, for example, there to prevent the ingress of moisture between the metallurgically yes not vollflächig vcrbundenen material layers.
Einen bevorzugten Anwendungsfall der Herstellungsverfahren zur Herstellung erfindungsgemäßer Rohre, insbesondere auch des Verfahrens nach der vorliegenden Erfindung selbst, stellt die Herstellung von erfindungsgemäßen Doppellagenrohren dar, gleichwohl beschränkt sich die Erfindung nicht hierauf, auch drei-, vier- und noch mehrlagigere erfindungsgemäße Rohre sind hiermit grundsätzlich herstellbar, was nach dem Stand der Technik zumindest weitaus schwieriger, wenn nicht sogar überhaupt unmöglich ist.A preferred application of the production process for the production of pipes according to the invention, in particular also the process according to the present invention, represents the production of double-layer pipes according to the invention, however, the invention is not limited thereto, also three-, four- and more multi-layer pipes according to the invention are hereby in principle which, according to the state of the art, is at least much more difficult if not impossible at all.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung finden Bleche, vorzugsweise Metallbleche und besonders bevorzugterweise Stahlbleche, als Werkstofflage oder Elemente der Werkstofflage Verwendung.In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention find sheets, preferably metal sheets and more preferably steel sheets, as a material layer or elements of the material layer use.
Nach dem Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung können als jeweilige Innenlage auch solche Werkstoffe - wie etwa besonders hochfeste Stähle - Verwendung finden, die sich nicht oder nur sehr schwer schweißen lassen. Das Erfindungsprinzip bleibt jedoch: Die als Innenrohr fungierende Weckstofflage wird bereits während der Rohrformung in der Biegewalze kraftschlüssig in die jeweilig als Außenrohr fungierende Werkstofflage gepresst und so im jeweiligen Außenrohr reibschlüssig gehalten.According to the method of the present invention can be used as the respective inner layer and such materials - such as particularly high-strength steels - use that can not or very difficult to weld. However, the principle of the invention remains the same: The wetting material layer acting as inner tube is already pressed into the bending roll during tube forming in a force-fitting manner into the respective material layer acting as outer tube and thus held frictionally in the respective outer tube.
Vorzugsweise wird dabei zwischen den Kanten der aufliegenden Werkstofflage und den Anschlagkanten ein Zwischenraum belassen, der sich erst im Verlaufe des Rohrformungsprozesses schließt.Preferably, a gap is left between the edges of the overlying material layer and the stop edges, which closes only in the course of the tube forming process.
Dabei kann nach Ausformung des Rohrkörpers die jeweilig als Innenrohr fungierende Werkstofflage vermittels Krafteinwirkung in der als Außenrohr fungierenden Werkstofflage verschoben werden, so daß sich eine Steckmuffe bildet, die ein Incinanderstecken von Rohren erlaubt, was eine stark vereinfachte Montage der Rohre vor Ort erlaubt.In this case, after forming the tubular body, the respectively acting as an inner tube material layer by means of force in the functioning as an outer tube material layer are moved, so that a plug-in sleeve is formed, which allows Incinander sticking of pipes, which allows a much simplified installation of the pipes on site.
Vorzugsweise erfolgt auch bei dieser Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eine Schweißung des Außenrohres entlang der Rohrnaht zur Vollendung des Rohrkörpers.Preferably, in this embodiment of the method according to the invention, a welding of the outer tube along the pipe seam to the completion of the tubular body.
Das erfindungsgemäße, insbesondere das nach dem vorliegenden erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhaltene Mehrlagenrohr ist so ausgestaltet, daß eine jeweilig innen liegende Werkstofflage gegenüber der jeweils außen liegenden Werkstofflage eine höhere Streckgrenze oder Dehngrenze (siehe hierzu unten) als diese aufweist, wobei zumindest eine Werkstofflage vorzugsweise aus Metallblech, besonders bevorzugterweise aus Stahlblech besteht.The multilayer pipe according to the invention, in particular the multilayer pipe obtained according to the present invention, is designed such that a respective inner material layer has a higher yield strength or yield strength than the respective outer material layer (see below) than this, wherein at least one material layer is preferably made of sheet metal, particularly preferably consists of sheet steel.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Mehrlagenrohres ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mehrlagenrohr als Doppellagenrohr ausgebildet ist, welches zwei Werkstofflagen Stahlblech aufweist, wobei die als Innenrohr fungierende Lage Stahlblech einen hohen bis sehr hohen Kohlenstoffanteil aufweist und somit zuminest nicht mehr unbedingt schweißbar istA particularly preferred embodiment of a multilayer pipe according to the invention is characterized in that the multilayer pipe is formed as a double-layer pipe, which has two layers of steel sheet, wherein the sheet acting as an inner tube layer has a high to very high carbon content and thus at least not necessarily weldable
Nach der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es einerseits nicht erforderlich, plattierte Bleche (mit den bereits eingangs erörterten Nachteilen langer Lieferzeit und begrenzter Verfügbarkeit, sowie hohem Preis) zu verwenden, andererseits können trotzdem Mehrlagenrohre - insbesondere Doppellagenrohre aus Stahlblechwerkstofflagen - mit hoher Streckgrenze des Werkstoffes des jeweiligen Innenrohres bei gleichzeitig niedrigerer Streckgrenze des Werkstoffes des demgegenüber jeweiligen äußeren Rohres hergestellt werden, was etwa für solche Verwendungen von Mehrlagenrohren erforderlich ist, für die es auf eine möglichst hohe Abrasionsbeständigkeit des Innenrohres ankommt, da eine hohe Abrasionsbeständigkeit i.d.R. auch mit einer hohen Härte und diese wiederum mit einer hohen Streckgrenze einhergeht. Derartige Mehrlagenrohre, die ein innen liegendes Rohr aus einem Material mit höherer Streckgrenze als ein hierzu außen angeordnetes Rohr aufweisen, aber trotzdem keine vollflächige metallurgische Verbindung benachbarter Lagen zeigen, können bislang nach dem Stand der Technik nicht hergestellt werden; es gibt sie bisher nicht. Hingegen werden sie durch die vorliegende Erfindung möglich. Hinzuweisen ist darauf, daß im Falle einer nicht ausgeprägten Streckgrenze - etwa in Fällen nur verstärkt plastischer Verformung - anstelle der Streckgrenze dann die Dehngrenze als Betrag der Spannung einer plastischen bleibenden Dehnung unter einer bestimmten Krafteinwirkung tritt.According to the present invention, on the one hand, it is not necessary to use clad plates (with the disadvantages already discussed at the outset of long delivery times and limited availability, as well as high price), but on the other hand multilayer tubes - in particular double-layer tubes made of steel sheet material layers - with high yield strength of the material of the respective inner tube be produced at the same time lower yield strength of the material of the respective outer tube, which is required for such uses of multilayer pipes, for which it depends on the highest possible abrasion resistance of the inner tube, as a high abrasion resistance usually also with a high hardness and this in turn goes hand in hand with a high yield strength. Such multi-layer pipes, which have an inner tube made of a material with a higher yield strength than a pipe arranged for this purpose, but still show no full-surface metallurgical connection of adjacent layers, can not be produced according to the prior art; they do not exist yet. On the other hand, they are made possible by the present invention. It should be pointed out that in the case of a non-pronounced yield strength - for example, in cases of increased plastic deformation - instead of the yield strength of the yield strength as the amount of stress a plastic permanent strain under a certain force occurs.
Unabhängig vom Vorgesagten ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zudem auch eine wesentlich größere Kombinationsvielfalt der Werkstoffe in den erfindungsgemäßen Mehrlagenrohren. So lassen sich nach dem Stand der Technik etwa bestimmte abrasionsbeständige Stähle als Innenlage nicht verwenden, da diese sich sowohl aufgrund der mit ihrer hohen Abrasionsbeständigkeit i.d.R. einhergehenden hohen Streckgrenze nicht in alleiniger Verwendung (z.B. als Einlagenrohr) zum Rohrformungsprozeß eignen und auch zur Innenrohrbildung geschweißt werden müßten, sich aufgrund ihres hohen Kohlenstoffanteils hierzu aber nicht oder nur schecht eignen, d. h. sich insbesondere nicht unbedingt schweißen lassen (s.o.). Entsprechende Rohre existieren daher bis heute ebenfalls nicht. Hingegen ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, das sich die kraftschlüssige Pressung des jeweiligen Innenrohres in das jeweilige Außenrohr während des Herstellprozesses zunutze macht, auch die Herstellung solcher Mehrlagenrohre, die als Innenlage einen nicht schweißbaren oder nicht unbedingt schweißbaren Werkstoff - etwa einen Stahl mit hohem, vorzugsweise sehr hohem Kohlenstoffanteil - verwenden. Auch wird so die Verwendung überhaupt nicht schweißbarer Werkstoffe, wie etwa moderner Kunststoffe, die die gewünschten Eigenschaften einer Rohrinnenlage aufweisen, überhaupt erst möglich. Rohre mit solchen Innenlagen existieren ebenfalls bislang nicht.Regardless of what has been said, the method according to the invention also makes possible a much greater variety of combinations of the materials in the multilayer pipes according to the invention. For example, according to the prior art, certain abrasion-resistant steels can not be used as the inner layer, since they are not suitable for use solely as pipe-forming processes (eg as a liner tube) because of the high yield strength inherent in their high abrasion resistance, and they would also have to be welded for inner tube formation However, because of their high carbon content, they are not suitable for this purpose or are only barely suitable, ie in particular can not necessarily be welded (see above). Corresponding pipes therefore do not exist until today. By contrast, the method according to the invention, which makes use of the frictional pressing of the respective inner tube into the respective outer tube during the production process, also makes it possible to produce such multilayer tubes which have a non-weldable inner layer or not necessarily weldable material - such as a steel with a high, preferably very high carbon content - use. Also, the use of materials that can not be welded at all, such as modern plastics, which have the desired properties of a pipe inner layer, becomes possible in the first place. Tubes with such inner layers also do not exist so far.
Wiederum unabhängig hiervon können mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auch Mehrlagenrohre ohne Verwendung teurer und schlecht lieferbarer plattierter (vollflächig metallurgisch verbundener) Bleche in nahezu beliebig großen Durchmessern hergestellt werden, was nach dem Stand der Technik bislang nicht möglich ist, da hier die notwendige Expansion durch die Abmessungen der verwendeten Expansionsstempel oder durch ein, im Falle hydraulischer Expansions-Krafteinwirkung für die gleichmäßige Ausformung notwendiges Gesenk, welches das zu fertigende Mehrlagenrohr umschließt, begrenzt ist. Demgegenüber ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße Biegewalzenverfahren Mehrlagenrohre, die solchen vorgegebenen Grenzen nicht unterliegen, da die Biegewalze, die ja immer nur an einer Stelle des Krümmungsradius des Rohres formend angreift, solchermaßen den Durchmesser des erfindungsgemäßen Mehrlagenrohres nicht begrenzt. Damit sind insbesondere auch Mehrlagenrohre ohne plattierte Bleche herstellbar, die die nach dem derzeitigen Stand der Technik gegebene Grenze, von ca. 610 mm (24") Durchmesser - vorzugsweise weit - überschreiten.Again, regardless of this, multilayer pipes without expensive and poorly available plated (full metallurgically bonded) sheets can be produced in almost any large diameter with the inventive method, which is not yet possible according to the prior art, since the necessary expansion by the dimensions the expansion punch used or by a, in the case of hydraulic expansion force necessary for the uniform formation die, which encloses the multi-layer tube to be produced, is limited. In contrast, the bending roll method according to the invention allows multilayer pipes which are not subject to such predetermined limits, since the bending roll, which indeed only forms a shaping at one point of the radius of curvature of the pipe, thus does not limit the diameter of the multilayer pipe according to the invention. This makes it possible, in particular, to produce multilayer pipes without plated metal sheets which exceed the limit given by the current state of the art of approximately 610 mm (24 ") diameter, preferably far.
Auch ermöglicht die vorliegende Erfindung erst die Herstellung von Mehrlagenrohren mit partieller Innenlage, d.h. ein im Querschnitt nur einen Teilkreis bildendes Innenrohr, etwa in Form einer Rinneneinlage am Rohrfuß, was nach dem Stand der Technik bislang ebenfalls nicht möglich ist.Also, the present invention first enables the production of multilayer tubes with partial inner layer, i. a cross-sectionally only a partial circle forming inner tube, for example in the form of a gutter insert on the pipe base, which has hitherto also not possible according to the prior art.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist erwähnenswert, daß nach dem Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung selbstverständlich auch Rohre in nur ganz geringen Stückzahlen, insbesondere auch Einzelstücke wirtschaftlich herstellbar sind, was nach dem Stand der Technik in einem Falle durch das aufwendige Plattieren und die hierfür notwendigen Mindestfertigungslose und im anderen Falle durch die für das Expandieren notwendigen hierfür speziell eingerichteten Werkzeuge und Vorrichtungen gehindert ist.In this context, it is worth noting that according to the method of the present invention, of course, pipes in only very small numbers, especially individual pieces are economically produced, which in a case by the prior art in one case by the costly plating and the necessary Mindestfertigungslose and the other Trap is prevented by the necessary for expanding this purpose specially designed tools and devices.
Im folgenden werden nicht einschränkend zu verstehende Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnung besprochen. In dieser zeigt:
- Fig. 9
- eine perspektivische Sicht auf das, später das Außenrohr bildende, Grundblech mit Anschlagskanten und das, das spätere Innenrohr bildende, Innenblech, und zwar im noch flachen unverarbeiteten Zustand, und
- Fig. 10
- einen perspektivischen Querschnitt durch ein Mehrlagenrohr nach der vorliegenden Erfindung, wo das Grundblech des Außenrohres Anschlagskanten aufweist und das das Innenrohr bildende Innenblech nach entsprechendem Verformungsfortschritt zwischen diesen Anschlagskanten eingeklemmt ist
- Fig. 9
- a perspective view of the, later forming the outer tube, base plate with stop edges and, the later inner tube forming, inner plate, in the still flat unprocessed state, and
- Fig. 10
- a perspective cross-section through a multilayer pipe according to the present invention, where the base plate of the outer tube has stop edges and the inner tube forming inner plate is clamped according to the deformation progress between these stop edges
Claims (9)
- Method for producing a multilayer pipe (5) with the aid of a bending roll, wherein- individual layers of material (1, 2) to be combined to form the multilayer pipe (5) are laid one on top of the other, wherein one layer of material (2) acting as the respective outer pipe forms a base plate, which has a stop edge (10a, 10b), preferably a welded-on stop edge (10a, 10b), approximately along both its longitudinal edges or approximately parallel thereto in each case, and the overlying layer of material (1) comes to lie loosely between these stop edges (10a, 10b), and- the multilayer material formed in this way is formed with the aid of the bending roll into a multilayer pipe (5),characterized in that the layer of material (1) respectively acting as the inner pipe has a higher yield point or proof stress than the layer of material (2) acting as the respective outer pipe, the layer of material (1) respectively acting as the inner pipe is clamped between the stop edges (10a, 10b) and the layer of material (1) respectively acting as the inner pipe is thereby pressed non-positively into the layer of material (2) respectively acting as the outer pipe in the final phase of the pipe forming in the bending roll and/or a bending machine which is subsequently used.
- Method for producing a multilayer pipe (5) with the aid of a bending roll according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in the finished multilayer pipe (5), the layer of material (1) acting as the inner pipe forms a pitch circle in cross section and thus preferably forms a channel at the foot of the multilayer pipe.
- Method for producing a multilayer pipe (5) with the aid of a bending roll according to Claim 1 or 2, individual layers of material (1, 2) to be combined to form the multilayer pipe (5) are laid one on top of the other, wherein an intermediate space is left between the edges of the overlying layer of material (1) and the stop edges, said intermediate space only closing during the pipe forming process.
- Method for producing a multilayer pipe (5) with the aid of a bending roll according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that- following the shaping of the pipe body (5), the layer of material (1) respectively acting as the inner pipe is displaced by means of applied force in the layer of material (2) acting as the outer pipe, resulting in the formation of a plug-in socket which allows pipes (5) to be plugged into one another.
- Method for producing a multilayer pipe (5) with the aid of a bending roll according to one of Claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the multilayer pipe (5) is closed by a welding (7) of the outer pipe (2) along the pipe seam (8).
- Multilayer pipe (5) having a layer of material (1) respectively lying on the inside and a layer of material (2) respectively lying on the outside, wherein no full-area metallurgical bonding exists between adjacent layers, characterized in that the layer of material (1) respectively lying on the inside has a higher yield point or proof stress than the layer of material (2) respectively lying on the outside, and in that the layer of material (1) acting as the inner pipe is pressed non-positively into the layer of material (2) respectively acting as the outer pipe.
- Multilayer pipe (5) according to Claim 6, characterized in that at least one layer of material (1, 2) consists of sheet metal.
- Multilayer pipe (5) according to Claim 7, characterized in that at least one layer of material (1, 2) consists of sheet steel.
- Multilayer pipe (5) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the multilayer pipe is formed as a double-layer pipe (5) which has two layers of material (1, 2) made of sheet steel, wherein the layer of sheet steel (1) acting as the inner pipe has a high to very high carbon content and thus can no longer necessarily be welded.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004062697 | 2004-12-21 | ||
| EP05819971A EP1827727B9 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-12-16 | Method for the production of a multi-layer pipe |
Related Parent Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05819971A Division EP1827727B9 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-12-16 | Method for the production of a multi-layer pipe |
| EP05819971.2 Division | 2005-12-16 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1857194A1 EP1857194A1 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
| EP1857194B1 true EP1857194B1 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
| EP1857194B3 EP1857194B3 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07016706.9A Not-in-force EP1857194B3 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-12-16 | Multi-layer pipe and method for its manufacture |
| EP05819971A Not-in-force EP1827727B9 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-12-16 | Method for the production of a multi-layer pipe |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05819971A Not-in-force EP1827727B9 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-12-16 | Method for the production of a multi-layer pipe |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8117882B2 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1857194B3 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP4546543B2 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR101281321B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN101934303B (en) |
| AT (2) | ATE395150T1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU2005318485B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0519169A2 (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2592003C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE502005004156D1 (en) |
| DK (2) | DK1857194T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2308586T3 (en) |
| MY (1) | MY140142A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG155259A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006066814A1 (en) |
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2005
- 2005-12-16 AT AT05819971T patent/ATE395150T1/en active
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- 2005-12-16 CN CN2010101791897A patent/CN101934303B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-16 CN CN200580044186XA patent/CN101087665B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-16 KR KR1020097008081A patent/KR101281321B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-12-16 AT AT07016706T patent/ATE517703T1/en active
- 2005-12-16 EP EP07016706.9A patent/EP1857194B3/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-12-16 WO PCT/EP2005/013569 patent/WO2006066814A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-12-16 KR KR1020077016424A patent/KR101281417B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-12-16 DK DK07016706.9T patent/DK1857194T3/en active
- 2005-12-16 US US11/721,467 patent/US8117882B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-16 AU AU2005318485A patent/AU2005318485B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-16 ES ES05819971T patent/ES2308586T3/en active Active
- 2005-12-16 CA CA002658859A patent/CA2658859A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-16 EP EP05819971A patent/EP1827727B9/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-12-16 DE DE502005004156T patent/DE502005004156D1/en active Active
- 2005-12-16 DK DK05819971T patent/DK1827727T3/en active
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- 2005-12-21 MY MYPI20056063A patent/MY140142A/en unknown
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2009
- 2009-03-23 AU AU2009201144A patent/AU2009201144B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-07-08 US US12/499,437 patent/US20090293981A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101281417B1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2013-07-02 | 버그로 게엠베하 씨겐 | Method for producing multi-layer pipe |
| WO2014170106A1 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-23 | EISENBAU KRäMER GMBH | Method for producing a multi-layer large pipe |
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