EP1849915A2 - Halterung, die mindestens ein Sicherheitselement umfasst, das zur Schaffung einer optischen Täuschung eingerichtet ist - Google Patents
Halterung, die mindestens ein Sicherheitselement umfasst, das zur Schaffung einer optischen Täuschung eingerichtet ist Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1849915A2 EP1849915A2 EP07300972A EP07300972A EP1849915A2 EP 1849915 A2 EP1849915 A2 EP 1849915A2 EP 07300972 A EP07300972 A EP 07300972A EP 07300972 A EP07300972 A EP 07300972A EP 1849915 A2 EP1849915 A2 EP 1849915A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- illusion
- create
- security element
- support according
- color
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
- B44F7/00—Designs imitating three-dimensional effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/25—Public transport tickets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/26—Entrance cards; Admission tickets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/333—Watermarks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/355—Security threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
-
- B42D2035/20—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to securing security and / or value documents, packaging and other media.
- the patent US 6,357,799 discloses the use of a material on which is printed a first element and a second element having a sufficient contrast with the first element and the material to be perceived directly by the human eye.
- the superposition of the second element on the first element aiming to attract the eye exclusively on the second element and has the effect of the lack of perception of the first element and not a perception error.
- the patent application US 2003/0179210 describes a security document that includes a security element that can create an illusion of relief by suggesting to the human eye the appearance of a 3D texture through a 2D texture.
- the invention makes it possible to benefit from a simple means for securing a support.
- the invention may, for example, make it possible to lure the potential counterfeiter who may have perceived, for example, a difference in shapes, colors or dimensions when this is not the case.
- the invention can also make it possible to create complex patterns that may be difficult to reproduce by amateur fraudsters and that are likely to bring an aesthetic or playfulness.
- optical illusion designates, within the meaning of the invention, an error of perception of shapes, colors, dimensions, movements, contrast or relief.
- optical illusions can arise for example in the retina and / or be the fruit of the work of reconstruction by the visual cortex.
- the first security element may be chosen from security elements other than those generating an optical illusion, for example the authentication elements, visible and / or hidden and detectable by means of a specific detection device, for example portable or laboratory, elements with variable optical effect, interferential and / or diffractive, holographic, iridescent or liquid crystal, magnetic or crystalline coatings, magnetic fibers, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X-ray fluorescence, biomarkers, luminescent, fluorescent or phosphorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic, electroluminescent and / or piezochromic compounds and / or which change color in contact with one or more predetermined chemical or biochemical products, electronic devices, in particular RFID.
- the first security element may be a security thread, a foil, a patch, a board, a watermark, a knitted yarn, an ink, tagging marking particles, security fibers and / or their combination.
- the support may comprise a fibrous mass, comprising, for example, natural and / or synthetic fibers, for example cellulosic fibers.
- the medium may be a security sheet, in particular a blank sheet of printing of fixed or variable mentions, intended for example for the manufacture of a means of payment or an identity document.
- the support may be a security document, for example an identity card or a passport or a valuable document, for example a banknote, a check, a ticket or a coupon.
- a security document for example an identity card or a passport
- a valuable document for example a banknote, a check, a ticket or a coupon.
- the support can still be a security article to be integrated into a paper, for example a security thread, a foil, a patch, a board, a fiber, an ink, a varnish.
- the second security element can be arranged to create an illusion of contrast.
- the second security element may comprise in particular first and second zones of a first color, a third zone of a second color surrounding the first zone, a fourth zone of a third color different from the second color and surrounding the second zone, the different areas and different colors being chosen to create an illusion of contrast, when lighting under visible light, UV or IR, for example.
- Colors include white, black, and gray.
- the second security element may comprise a pattern and around the pattern a gradient, or a set of repeating patterns, for example squares forming a color gradient on a plain background.
- the second element of security can still be arranged to create an illusion of movement, an illusion of flicker, an illusion of relief, an illusion of contour, a geometric illusion or an illusion of color.
- the second security element may include a watermark or an impression.
- the watermark can be arranged to create the desired illusion, when observed in reflection or transmissive light.
- This illusion is for example an illusion of contrast, relief, contour or a geometric illusion.
- the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, independently or in combination with the foregoing, a support having a watermark arranged to create an optical illusion.
- the watermark is for example arranged to create an illusion of contrast, relief, contour and / or geometric.
- This watermark is for example the only element of personalization, identification or authentication of the medium.
- the support is for example a paper, a coated or uncoated polymeric film, single or multijet, including bijet.
- the invention further relates, in another aspect, to a security article comprising a security element arranged to create an optical illusion, for example any of the above illusions.
- the security article may be integrated in or on a substrate, for example a paper or a polymer film or be part of a support as defined above.
- the security article may be in tape and the security elements generating optical illusions may be repeated at regular intervals along the article.
- the latter is for example a security thread, a foil, a patch, a board, a fiber or an impression.
- the security thread is for example to be integrated into the substrate in the thickness thereof.
- the foil comprises at least one transfer layer intended to be transferred onto the substrate.
- the foil may comprise a carrier layer and a layer facilitating the detachment of the transfer layer from the carrier layer during laying or be covered with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the patch is intended to be transferred to the support and does not generally extend between two edges thereof.
- the boards or fibers are generally dispersed in the mass of the substrate.
- the invention also relates to a product comprising a support as defined above, this product being for example a valuable document, a means of payment including a ticket, check, gift certificate, coupon, identity document, including passport, visa, driving license, identity card, ticket for an event, including cultural events (a show, a museum, an exhibition) or sports, a transport ticket or a label, a package.
- FIG. 1 shows a support 1 which is, for example, a bill, which comprises a sheet material 2 comprising a first security element 3 and a second security element 4, different from the first one and arranged so as to create an optical illusion.
- a support 1 which is, for example, a bill, which comprises a sheet material 2 comprising a first security element 3 and a second security element 4, different from the first one and arranged so as to create an optical illusion.
- the sheet material 2 is for example a paper, but the invention is not limited to a particular material and it may comprise for example a plastic film.
- the sheet material 2 may have a multilayer structure, if necessary, having several layers laminated together, for example several jets of paper.
- the sheet material 2 may comprise fibers, especially cellulosic fibers.
- the first security element 3 has been represented in the form of a security thread, but this example is in no way limiting.
- the first security element 3 may be chosen inter alia for example from optically variable, magnetic, electronic, fluorescent devices, chemical and / or biological tracers, as mentioned above.
- FIG. 2 There is shown in Figure 2 a security article 5 in band, which comprises security elements 4 repeating for example at regular intervals.
- the article 5 is for example a security thread or a foil, and may comprise a plastic film, for example of the transparent PET type, with repeated or not printed patterns, printed in positive or negative, with a black ink for example.
- FIG. 3 shows another security article 6 which is in the form of a patch which can be applied by cold transfer or hot transfer and which comprises a security element 4 created by metallization or by printing.
- FIG. 9 shows a security article 7, which is in the form of a board and which comprises a security element 4.
- Articles 5, 6 or 7 may comprise only security elements 4 providing an optical illusion or, alternatively, other security elements such as, for example, fluorescent inks, optically variable effects, micro-impressions partial demetallizations, electronic devices, chemical, magnetic and / or biological tracers, this list not being limiting.
- the safety elements 4 can still, if necessary, be made at least partially by a partial demetallization and / or perforation, when the nature of the support or security article lends itself to it.
- the security element 4 may be a watermark, possibly halftone, the image creating the optical illusion may for example appear when the support 1 is observed transmission or reflection.
- a screened watermark is disclosed in EP 1 122 360-A1 .
- the security element or elements 4 may be chosen for example so as to create an illusion of contrast.
- the contrast of brightness is a disturbing element in the reading of the colors.
- the eye adapts to the average light intensity of a scene. In a very bright environment, the pupil closes to regulate the flow of light and in the dark the pupil opens more. The same color can be perceived darker on a light background than on a dark background.
- the image shown in Figure 5 comprises a pattern 10 which is made with a single shade on a background 11 having a gradient. The latter influences the hue of the pattern perceived by the eye, which leaves the observer to think that the pattern does not have a uniform color.
- FIG. 1 Another example of an illusion of contrast is shown in FIG. 1
- the image has two zones 12 and 13 of a first color, a third zone 14 of a second color surrounding the first zone 12 and a third zone 15 of a third color surrounding the second zone 13.
- the color zones may be produced by screen printing with inks with interference effects, such as those based on mica-titanium type IRIODIN ® marketed by Merck.
- the zone 14 may be of green color (for example of IRIODIN 231 type, 'Rutile Fine Green'), the zone 15 of gold color (for example of IRIODIN 201 'Rutile Fine Gold' type), the zones 12 and 13 of red color (eg type IRIODIN 211, 'Rutile Fine Red').
- the first and second zones 12 and 13 appear in a color that is not the same.
- the first area 12 may appear brighter than the second area 13, while they are the same color.
- an accessory 17 such as that shown in Figures 6 and 7 can be used.
- the accessory 17 comprises two openings 18 and 19 of shape adapted to that of the first and second zones 12 and 13, so that when the accessory 17 is arranged to mask the third and fourth zones 14 and 15, the first and second second zones 12 and 13 are observed through the openings 18 and 19.
- the accessory 17 may comprise between the openings 18 and 19 an intermediate zone 20 which has the same color as the zones 12 and 13.
- the intermediate portion 20 enables the observer to notice that the first and second zones 12 and 13 are of the same color, as illustrated in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 shows another example of a contrast illusion, comprising a pattern 10 in the form, for example, of alphanumeric characters printed with the same color, on a gradient background 11.
- the degraded bottom 11 is created by partial or total demetallization in the thickness of a metallized aluminum foil.
- the alpha-numeric metallized markings present on the foil are of the same color as the most metallized zone of the gradient (zone of maximum thickness of metal). Because of the gradient background 11, the inscriptions 10 then appear lighter or darker relative to each other while they are identical in color.
- the security article 7 of Figure 9 is for example paper-based and has a shape that is rectangular in the example, but could be other.
- the security element 4 is for example invisible except in UV fluorescence, and may comprise two central areas 4.1 invisible except fluorescence, for example the same color blue under UV light, and outer zones 4.2 and 4.3 of different colors, for example respectively yellow and red under UV. Under UV light, the difference in color of zones 4.3 and 4.2 gives the perception that the central zones 4.1 are of different colors, according to the same principle of optical illusion as what was described in 4.
- Such a board is intended to be integrated with the fibrous mass of a paper, for example.
- FIG. 11 shows yet another example of contrast illusion, comprising a set of repetitive patterns 22 identical to rotations, such as for example squares, made with gradients, so as to create halo effects. 23.
- FIGS. 2, 4, 5 and 9 are for example made by printing in order to constitute the security element 4.
- FIGS. 3, 10 and 11 are for example made by metallization and possible demetallization, combined or not with an impression.
- the security element or elements 4 can still be arranged so as to create an illusion of movement.
- Periodic structures in at least two colors can make it possible to force the eye to perpetual motion and the persistence of the images then causes a vibration or motion effect at the level of the image observed.
- FIG. 12 shows an image making it possible to create an illusion of movement in peripheral vision. If you fix a wheel, it stops rotating but not the one that is on the periphery of it.
- the wheels are for example made with four areas of different color and clarity, and the illusory movement tends to occur from a black region to an adjacent dark region of higher clarity such as blue or from a white region to a dark one. adjacent region colored but of lesser clarity such as yellow.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 show further examples of periodic structures that can generate an illusion of movement.
- FIGS. 13 to 15 may for example be made by means of a watermark.
- the security element (s) 4 may further be arranged to create an illusion of flicker.
- ODDs Optical Variable Devices
- OI Optical Variable Ink
- the effect of movement is obtained directly, without having to move the head or the substrate.
- FIGS. 15 to 17 show examples of images making it possible to obtain such an illusion.
- the bottom has a succession of repeating patterns and a central disk has been formed using the same patterns but oriented differently.
- the eye has difficulty in establishing the contours of the central disc and induces a flickering impression of this disc.
- the image of FIG. 16 is for example made by printing on a security thread, a foil or a patch.
- FIGS. 16 and 17 can still be made by demetallization, different shades of gray being for example obtained by more or less pronounced demetallization.
- the image of Figure 17 can still, for example, be obtained by means of a watermark.
- the security element or elements 4 can still be arranged to create an illusion of relief.
- Figures 18 and 19 show images imparting an illusion of relief.
- the eye perceives an illusion of hump and hollow and in the example of Figure 19 an impression of waves.
- Watermarks, foils or security threads can be made to recreate the relief illusions of Figures 18 and 19.
- the security element or elements 4 can still be arranged to create an illusion of contour.
- a grid 40 is made between squares 41 of the same color and gray points, which do not actually exist, can be observed at the intersections of the rows and columns of the grid. wire rack. If we look fixedly at an intersection, it remains white because it uses the cells of the fovea that make less corrections to the environment.
- the image also comprises a grid 45 formed between squares 46 with white dots 48 at the intersections.
- This image creates the illusion of black dots at certain intersections.
- the security element or elements 4 can still be arranged to create a geometric illusion.
- the brain interprets the image giving the illusion of curved lines while they are parallel. This illusion is linked to a secondary graphic.
- Watermarks can be created to create the illusions of Figures 22 and 23.
- the security element or elements 4 can be further arranged to create an illusion of color.
- the retina also has sticks.
- Sticks and cones do not have the same sensitivity to light and their distribution is not uniform on the retina.
- the eye therefore has an uneven sensitivity to different colors, especially depending on the distance, which allows to create optical illusions.
- the security element may for example comprise, as illustrated in Figure 24, adjacent areas 50 and 51 having different colors, for example blue and green. Depending on the distance at which the security element 4 is observed, the eye will no longer distinguish the separation between the zones 50 and 51, but only the green color for example.
- the illusion of color can be obtained for example by means of colored boards (or fibrettes).
- the invention is not limited to the illustrated optical illusions.
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
- Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0651528A FR2900422B1 (fr) | 2006-04-28 | 2006-04-28 | Support comportant au moins un element de securite agence de maniere a creer une illusion d'optique |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1849915A2 true EP1849915A2 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1849915A3 EP1849915A3 (de) | 2008-10-01 |
EP1849915B1 EP1849915B1 (de) | 2011-03-02 |
Family
ID=37564102
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07300972A Revoked EP1849915B1 (de) | 2006-04-28 | 2007-04-23 | Halterung, die mindestens ein Sicherheitselement umfasst, das zur Schaffung einer optischen Täuschung eingerichtet ist |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1849915B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE500384T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE602007012786D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2361570T3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2900422B1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010092558A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-19 | Arjowiggins Security | Procede pour creer une animation visuelle sur un support |
US20210192733A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2021-06-24 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Tracking of image quality in magnetic resonance imaging |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005106118A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-10 | De La Rue International Limited | Improvements in substrates incorporating security devices |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6047964A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 2000-04-11 | Spectra Science Corporation | Scratch card, and method and apparatus for validation of the same |
US5984367A (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-11-16 | Thomas L. Barnhart | Hidden image game piece |
US6357799B1 (en) * | 1999-02-09 | 2002-03-19 | Etsuo Shibata | Printed matter |
FR2804447B1 (fr) * | 2000-02-01 | 2002-04-05 | Arjo Wiggins Sa | Papier comportant un filigrane a effet multiton et toile pour fabriquer ce papier |
US6987861B2 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2006-01-17 | Digimarc Corporation | Security arrangements for printed documents |
-
2006
- 2006-04-28 FR FR0651528A patent/FR2900422B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-04-23 DE DE602007012786T patent/DE602007012786D1/de active Active
- 2007-04-23 EP EP07300972A patent/EP1849915B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2007-04-23 AT AT07300972T patent/ATE500384T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-04-23 ES ES07300972T patent/ES2361570T3/es active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005106118A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-10 | De La Rue International Limited | Improvements in substrates incorporating security devices |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010092558A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-19 | Arjowiggins Security | Procede pour creer une animation visuelle sur un support |
FR2942244A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-20 | Arjowiggins Security | Procede pour creer une animation visuelle sur un support |
US20210192733A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2021-06-24 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Tracking of image quality in magnetic resonance imaging |
US11669963B2 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2023-06-06 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Tracking of image quality in magnetic resonance imaging |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE500384T1 (de) | 2011-03-15 |
FR2900422A1 (fr) | 2007-11-02 |
DE602007012786D1 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
ES2361570T3 (es) | 2011-06-20 |
EP1849915A3 (de) | 2008-10-01 |
FR2900422B1 (fr) | 2010-07-30 |
EP1849915B1 (de) | 2011-03-02 |
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