EP1846314A1

EP1846314A1 - Drive system of an elevator door from which the power curve is adapted based on the air flow in the shaft.

Info

Publication number: EP1846314A1
Application number: EP06700036A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Esben Rotboll
Original assignee: Inventio AG
Current assignee: Inventio AG
Priority date: 2005-01-11
Filing date: 2006-01-06
Publication date: 2007-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 2026-01-06
Also published as: EP1846314B1; CA2591931C; DE502006006237D1; JP2008526646A; KR101298284B1; CN101098821A; CA2591931A1; WO2006074563A1; MY144112A; US7946392B2; KR20070095398A; US20090050416A1; CN101098821B; HK1113919A1; ATE458691T1

Abstract

A method of operating an elevator installation and the elevator installation include elevator doors actuated by an elevator drive according to a travel curve. At least one sensor unit detects pressure relationships and/or air flows. An evaluating unit determines a travel curve, which is optimal with respect to the detected pressure relationships and/or air flows, from a plurality of travel curves.

Description

DRIVE FOR AN ELEVATOR WITH TRAVEL CURVE ADJUSTED TO THE AIR FLOWS WHICH ARISE IN THE BAY

The invention relates to a method for operating an elevator installation and to such an elevator installation. The elevator doors of the elevator system are actuated by a door drive via a travel curve.

Lift doors usually consist of a car door which is connected to an elevator car and a plurality of shaft doors, which are arranged on floors of a building and provide access to the shaft ^'of the elevator. When opening and closing the car door and a shaft door via a clutch with each other, connected and moved together, by the mounted on the elevator car door drive.

Elevator doors, as used for example in high-performance elevators, must meet various requirements. The customer requires the shortest possible door closing times in order to achieve high transport performance. EP0548505B1 discloses a method for rapidly opening and closing the elevator doors according to a travel curve. The travel curve contains information on the duration and speed of opening and closing the elevator doors as well as on the kinetic energy of the elevator doors during these operations. Depending on the prevailing wind conditions in the shaft, the elevator doors can be closed with more or less force and time, which impairs the transport performance. __

US3822767A teaches detecting the wind speed prevailing in the hoistway and a proportional adjustment of the size of the closing force of the door drive moving the elevator doors to the strength of the wind speed prevailing in the hoistway.

Now, a driving curve usually consists of several phases, namely an acceleration phase, a sliding phase and a deceleration phase, whereby only in all three phases prevail different closing forces. In the acceleration and deceleration phases, the elevator doors are moved with high closing forces, but in the sliding phase, the elevator doors are only moved with small closing forces. Therefore, the travel curve is not optimally adapted to the pressure conditions when opening and closing the elevator doors by a proportional adjustment of the size of the closing force of the door drive. Thus, an excessively fast opening and closing of the elevator doors causes an unnecessarily high consumption of electric current and leads to rapid wear of the elevator doors, which in turn causes the

Maintenance costs of the elevator system increases and also affects the availability of the elevator system.

Object of the present invention is to provide an optimum under even pressure conditions driving curve for the opening and closing of elevator doors. This task should be realized with proven elevator construction techniques.

The object is solved by the invention according to the definition of the independent claims. The invention teaches a method for operating an elevator installation and an elevator installation with elevator doors which are actuated in accordance with a travel curve. Pressure conditions and / or air currents are detected. From a plurality of driving curves, an optimum driving curve with respect to the detected pressure conditions and / or air currents is determined. The advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the travel curve is determined optimally even in adverse physical conditions, ie with large pressure fluctuations and / or in strong draft, whereby the transport performance of the elevator installation experiences as little impairment as possible.

For different pressure conditions and / or air currents so different driving curves are used. For example. For example, a control of the door drive has at least two different travel curves for opening and closing the elevator doors. Depending on the physical conditions, one or the other driving curve is used.

Advantageously, the pressure conditions and / or air flows are determined by measuring an air pressure and / or a temperature and / or a wind speed and / or other physical variables in the shaft of the elevator and / or on at least one floor. For example. at least one sensor unit is present in the shaft and / or on at least one floor for this, which detects the physical conditions. When using multiple sensor units can be different pressure ratios and / or. Temperatures and / or wind speed and / or other physical variables at several areas in the shaft and / or between the shaft and the floors capture. For example. will too meteorological data such as temperature and / or air pressure and / or wind speed in the determination of the pressure conditions and / or air flows taken into account.

Advantageously, the position and / or speed of further elevator cars in the shaft is / are taken into account for determining the pressure conditions and / or air flows. For example. the elevator consists of a group of elevator cars, which are moved in an open shaft next to each other and / or one above the other and which thereby generate changing pressure conditions and / or air flows in the shaft. By taking into account, among other things, these adverse physical conditions, the driving curve is optimal at any time.

Advantageously, operating data of a building air conditioning system and / or a shaft ventilation are taken into account for determining the air flow.

For determining the pressure conditions and / or air flow, building-specific parameters such as the height of the building, the number of floors, the quality of the building insulation, the number of open and / or closed entrances and windows, the type of building roof, etc. are advantageously taken into account.

In an advantageous embodiment of the elevator, a desired range is defined, prevail in the predefined pressure conditions and / or air flows, in which a clutch of a lift cage door before the complete

Locking an elevator door folds into the elevator position. Thus, after the complete locking of the Do not lift door yet the coupling to be separated from the shaft door.

In an advantageous embodiment of the elevator, a desired range is defined, prevail in the predefined pressure conditions and / or air currents, in which a departure of the elevator car is possible without completing the locking of the elevator door completely. Thus, the elevator car leaves a floor before the elevator doors are fully locked, which increases the transport performance. For example For this purpose, a clutch, which is located between the car door and the shaft door, and the door drive controlled separately.

In the following, the ^' invention will be described in detail based on exemplary embodiments and figures. It shows :

1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an elevator and an elevator car and various sensor units,

2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of an elevator with several elevator cars and various sensor units,

3 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of an evaluation unit which receives information about the physical conditions from various sources for use in an elevator according to FIG. 1.and / or 2,

4A and 4B show schematic views of several exemplary embodiments of travel curves for use in an elevator according to FIG. 1 and / or 2, and 5A + 5B are views of an embodiment of an elevator door drive device with controllable coupling and door drive for use in an elevator according to FIG. 1 and / or 2.

1 shows a first embodiment of an elevator installation 1, which is arranged in any building and has at least one elevator cage 5. It can be any known elevator installation 1, which includes components such as an elevator car 5 for transporting persons and / or goods in a shaft 3 between floors 2 of the building, as well as a drive for moving the elevator car 5, and an elevator control 14 for controlling of the drive.

To sensor unit: Under certain physical conditions, it can come in a shaft 3 to strong air currents, which move one and in particular complicate the closing of elevator doors 4, 6. The circumstances under which such phenomena occur are complex. By detecting, for example, the air pressure on different floors 2 and / or at different positions in the shaft 3, it is possible to determine the air flows in parts of the shaft 3 or in the entire shaft 3. Further sensor units 10-12 can detect an air temperature and / or air flows at different locations in the shaft 3 and / or in the building. Also, local meteorological data such as temperature and / or air pressure and / or wind speed can be used in the determination of the pressure conditions and / or air flows. Thus, in a stormy weather forecast prophylactically a suitably adjusted travel curve can be determined. Fig. 1 shows various sensor units 10-12, which are arranged at different locations in the building. The sensor units 10-12 detect various physical conditions such as pressure conditions and / or air flows and / or air pressures and / or temperature and / or wind speeds, etc. These may be commercially available sensor units 10-12 such as an air pressure sensor 10 (barometer), temperature sensor 11 (thermometer), wind speed sensor 12 (anemometer), etc. act.

There are several methods of measuring air pressure. For example. the air pressure can be measured with the help of a pressure box. This can either change its capacity depending on the air pressure or deliver a voltage pulse through a piezoelectric crystal. There are various commercial models that work after one of the two previously mentioned types of measurement. For example. For example, the pressure sensors DC2R5BDC4 or DC010BDC4 can both be used by Honeywell.

In temperature measurement, there are various methods for determining the. Temperature. For example with a resistance thermometer (thermometer with Pt100 sensor, eg W-10144 from Therma or 57101 from Wiesemann & Theis GmbH), or a semiconductor thermometer (thermometer with PTC sensor eg B59011-C1080-A70 or B59011-C1040-A70 both from EPCOS). For both methods, there are a variety of commercially available models.

The measuring principle for the wind speed can both thermally, for example by wind cooling a hot wire (eg. ATA-30 from ATP Messtechnik GmbH), or mechanically by measuring the volume flow. The most common principle for wind speed gauges is the cup anemometer or the vane anemometer. The bowl cross-anemometer measures the wind speed by driving a wind wheel of three or four hemispherical shells from the wind. For example. the cup cross-anemometer WM30 from Vaisala. In the case of the vane anemometer, the wind speed sensor is similar to a fan (eg HGL-4018 from Heinz Kinkel Elektronik).

In the case of several elevator cars: The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 is largely similar to the one according to FIG. 1, so reference is made to this description and differences are set forth below. Fig. 2 shows several elevator cars 5 in a shaft 3. In order to detect the various physical conditions in several elevator cars 5 in a shaft 3, the position and speed of each elevator car 5 in the shaft 3 are detected by sensors and / or by the elevator control 14. Especially with a narrow shaft 3 and / or at high speeds of the elevator cars 5, the prevailing physical conditions are complex and pronounced.

As further physical conditions operating data of an air conditioner 17 or a shaft ventilation are taken into account. It can be assumed that both the position of the air inlet and outlet as well as the operating performance of the system have an influence on the physical conditions of the elevator installation 1. It is conceivable that an emergency control such as a fire control of a building ventilation is taken into account. To evaluation unit: The detected signals are transmitted as data to an evaluation unit 13. The sensor units 10-12 report the detected physical conditions as electrical analog or digital signals via connections, advantageously via cables, for example. Any building bus or via electromagnetic waves, for example, radio 15 to an evaluation 13. In addition to the sensor units 10-12 also transmits the Elevator control 14 Data on the number, position and speed of the elevator cars 5 in the shaft 3 to the evaluation unit 13.

The evaluation unit 13 evaluates this transmitted data with regard to a travel curve to be used for opening and closing the elevator doors 4, 6. Fig. 3 shows schematically an evaluation unit 13 which receives information about the physical conditions from different sources and determines an optimal driving curve. The evaluation unit 13 is a commercially available device, with, for example, inputs for the Sennsoreinheiten 10-12 and / or the elevator control 14 and / or a building management system and / or an air conditioner 17 and / or a Funke'mpfänger 15 and / or a foreign networks, for example an Internet 16. The evaluation unit 13 evaluates the data using ^' a processor and software. The optimum travel curve can be determined based on calculations based on the physical conditions. In this case, an infinite number of driving curves for the elevator doors 4, 6 are available. However, the optimum travel curve can also be called from a memory and thus be determined from a finite selection. The optimum travel curve is then transmitted to the elevator control 14. Elevator control 14 and evaluation unit 13 can different or in the same place. The evaluation unit 13 forwards this information to the elevator control 14. Evaluation unit 13 and elevator control 14 can also be realized in a single device. It is also possible to store the travel curve to be used in the elevator control 14 and to transmit only information about the travel curve to be used to the elevator control 14.

Travel curves of the elevator doors as a function of time: FIGS. 4A and 4B show several exemplary embodiments of driving curves. A travel curve describes the opening and closing characteristic of the elevator doors 4, 6. The elevator doors 4, 6 consist of at least one car door 6 and per floor 2 at least one shaft door 4. The travel curve can be represented differently. Fig. 4A shows the speed when opening or closing the elevator doors 4, 6 as a function of time. Fig. 4B shows the performance of a door operator 22 when opening or closing the elevator doors 4, 6 as a function of time. The maximum speed which the elevator doors 4, 6 reach may depend on the maximum value of the kinetic energy which the elevator doors 4, 6 are allowed to reach for safety reasons. An optimum travel curve allows the elevator control 14 to lock the elevator doors 4, 6 as quickly as possible and to leave the floor 2 as quickly as possible, even in adverse physical conditions. In determining the optimum driving curve, in addition to the physical conditions, door drive 22, mass, door leaves, etc. also play a role.

Due to an optimal driving curve, the closing time of the elevator doors 4, 6, is approx. Reduce 15-20%. The saved Time depends on the mass of the door. Depending on the ratio of the engine torque and the mass of the lift doors 4, 6 to be moved, this can vary by + 10%. This shortened door closing time accumulates in large buildings with many floors 2. Eg. can for a typical drive from three stops at holding times of 8 seconds as well as traveling times between two holding of 3 seconds (3 * 8 + 2 * 3 = 34 seconds) at a savings of the door closing time of ^• 0, 6 seconds per Schliessv organg ^'( 3 * 0, 6 = 1, 8 seconds) around 5% time can be saved.

A driving curve consists of three phases (I-III). In the acceleration phase (phase I), the elevator doors 4, 6 are accelerated with a setpoint power (Psoii) of the door drive 22 to a setpoint speed (v _setpoint ). In FIGS. 4A and 4C, FIGS. 4B, all curves (curve ^' 1-4) are congruent in the acceleration phase.

In the sliding phase (phase II), the elevator doors 4, 6 are more or less unaccelerated with low drive power in

Move . In the case of curve 1, phase II takes less time

Drive power longest since no adverse physical

Influences disturb the Türschiiessvorgang. In the curve 2, by increasing the drive power to the value of the target power (Psoii), the target speed (v _So ii) are kept short. The Phase II lasts by the same length as in the curve 1. In the curve 3 can defy increasing the

Drive power, the target speed (V _So n) are not maintained. The unaccelerated phase II is prematurely terminated by the braking of the elevator doors 4, 6 due to adverse physical influences. In the

Curve 4 is the drive power over the target power

(Psoii) increases, since it is known that adverse physical Influences are responsible for the resistance. The curve 4 therefore coincides in its closing time with the curve 1 and 2.

During the deceleration phase (phase III), the elevator doors 4, 6 are braked again by the motor drive. The curves 1, 2 and 4 must be braked equally strong because their speed at the end of phase II is still v _So ii. The curve 3 has a lower speed, thereby increasing the door closing time.

It is conceivable that the three phases occur more or less pronounced in a driving curve. In particular, the phase II may not be present at certain driving curves. With an optimal driving curve, increased drive power in the sliding phase or even the deceleration phase can occur.

The door drive 22 provides in the normal case (curve 1) both in the acceleration (I) as well as in the deceleration phase (III) of the door closing amount of the greatest power.

In addition, an increased drive power in adverse physical conditions, for example, in bad

Pressure conditions or strong air currents required. First, the drive power corresponding to the poor physical conditions up to the maximum

Power up-regulated (curve 2). If this maximum value is reached and the resistance for the car door 6 increases further, the speed of the car door 6 (curve 3) slows down.

The departure of the elevator car 5 takes place as soon as it is ensured that with the kinetic energy which the elevator doors 4, 6 currently contain and the available drive power of the door drive 22, a locking of the elevator doors 4, 6 takes place in the time in which the clutch 21 as a guide, the mechanical contact with the hoistway door 4 has not yet stopped.

The evaluation unit 13 provides the calculated or stored travel curve. According to the travel curve of the evaluation unit 13, the elevator control 14 reacts to adverse physical conditions by increasing the drive power in order to keep the door closing time optimally low. Thus, without jeopardizing the safety of persons or things driving power over. the setpoint is increased (curve 4), since the cause for the increased power requirement lies in the adverse physical conditions and is thus known.

Coupling of an elevator car door: FIGS. 5A and 5B show an embodiment of an elevator door drive device 20 with a coupling 21 of a car door 6 to one

Schachttüre 4. The clutch 21 can thereby with the help of a

Clutch drive 24 via a coupling drive means 25 regardless of the door drive 22 and the position of the elevator doors 4, 6 are moved. Thus, at optimal

Conditions the couplings 21 already in the elevator

Be folded position at the time of locking the elevator doors 4, 6 ^' with the departure of the elevator car 5 to begin immediately. In adverse external influences, the clutch 21 remains mechanically connected to the hoistway door 4 until it is locked and only then is folded into the elevator position. The length of the coupling 21 can be kept so that it can already be started with the departure of the elevator car 5, before the elevator doors 4, 6 are fully locked. Since the locking of the hoistway door 4 and partly of the car door 6 is imperative for safety reasons, the departure of the elevator car 5 can only begin when it is ensured that the elevator doors 4, 6 are locked before the coupling 21 as a guide, the mechanical contact with the elevator doors 4, 6 stops.

If it is not possible to lock the hoistway door 4 until the time when the contact is broken, the elevator car 5 must be stopped by an emergency stop. In this case, the shaft door 4 can be moved into its locking by the remaining mechanical contact. It is conceivable that the guide length of the clutch 21 must therefore be sufficient to cover the track for the acceleration as well as for a possible emergency stop the premature departure can. This means that there must still be a mechanical guide contact between the coupling 21 and shaft door 4. Depending on the available stopping distance, the emergency stop can be done with appropriately adapted acceleration. If the travel curve is suboptimal, this leads to an extension of the door closing times and / or a reduction in the transport performance of the elevator installation 1.

The control of the clutch 21 can be done in various ways, so the clutch 21, for example, via a clutch drive means 25 with its own

Coupling drive 24 may be provided. It is also conceivable that the coupling 21 directly with a door drive means 23rd is mechanically connected and thus moved by the door drive 22.

Claims

claims

1. A method for operating an elevator installation (1), wherein elevator doors (4, 6) are actuated via a travel curve and pressure conditions and / or air flows are detected, characterized in that a plurality of travel curves with respect to the detected pressure conditions and / or air flows ^■ optimal Driving curve is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure conditions and / or air flows by measuring an air pressure and / or a temperature and / or a wind speed in the shaft (3) of the elevator and / or on at least one floor (2) is determined /become.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that meteorological data such as temperature and / or air pressure and / or wind speed are taken into account in the determination of the pressure conditions and / or air flows.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that position and / or speed of at least one further elevator car (5) is taken into account in the determination of the pressure conditions and / or air flows / are.

.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that operating data of a building air conditioning system (17) and / or a Schaehtlüftung in the Determination of pressure conditions and / or air currents are taken into account.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the height of the building and / or other building-specific parameters in the

Determination of pressure conditions and / or

Air flows is / are considered.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that within a predefined desired range of pressure conditions and / or air currents, the clutch (21) of an elevator car door (6) before the complete locking of an elevator door (4, 6) in the elevator position is folded.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that within a predefined target range of pressure conditions and / or air flows, a floor (2) by an elevator car (5) before the complete locking of the elevator door (4, 6) is left ,

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in a deceleration phase of an elevator door (4, 6) a door drive power is readjusted to keep a door closing time optimally short.

10. Elevator installation (1) with an elevator door (4, 6), with a door drive (22) for actuating the elevator door (4, 6) according to a travel curve, and with at least one sensor unit (10-12) for detecting pressure conditions and / or air flows, characterized in that an evaluation unit (13) determines from several travel curves an optimum travel curve with respect to the detected pressure conditions and / or air currents.

11. Elevator installation (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the sensor unit (10-12) determines the pressure conditions and / or air flows by measuring an air pressure and / or a temperature and / or a wind speed in the shaft (3) of the elevator and / or on at least one floor (2).

12. elevator installation (1) according to. Claim 10 or 11, characterized by transmitting a position and / or speed of at least one further elevator car (5) in the determination of the pressure conditions and / or air flows from the elevator control (14) to the evaluation unit (13).

13. elevator installation (1) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that within a predefined desired range of pressure conditions and / or air flows, an elevator car (5) a floor (2) before the complete locking of an elevator door (4, 6) leaves .

14. evaluation unit (13) for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to 9.