EP1843093A2 - Burner nozzle, system, furnace and installation - Google Patents

Abstract

A burner nozzle (80a) comprises a burner sleeve (80) which protrudes over the nozzle head (88) to form a zone for producing a twist in the flow mixture downstream behind the nozzle insert (90) having channels (96). Units are provided for producing the twist. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a system comprising a number of burner nozzles; (2) an oven arrangement with the above burner nozzle; (3) an installation for treating continuously cast strands; and (4) a heating installation comprising the above oven arrangement or system of nozzles.

Description

The invention relates to a burner nozzle, comprising a nozzle head, a nozzle insert and a burner sleeve, for combustion of a flow mixture, wherein the nozzle insert is arranged next to the nozzle head adjacent in the burner sleeve. The invention further relates to a system of a plurality of burner nozzles and a furnace with a burner nozzle or the system. The invention also relates to a plant for treating strands.

In a plant mentioned above, a furnace is provided with which a strand, in particular a continuous casting rod or a continuous casting bolt before further treatment, for example by a pair of scissors or a press, is heatable to forming temperature.

A furnace of the type mentioned is basically made DE 10 2004 020 206 A1 and DE 20 2004 006 551 U1 known. It is a furnace for heat treating continuously cast bars or continuous cast bolts, which can be heated to a forming temperature before shearing the billet and then pressing in a press in the furnace system. In the furnace plant, a plurality of shaft elements for axially transporting continuous casting rods or continuous casting bolts is provided.

There is the problem of a strand as controlled as possible and in particular to heat evenly. At an in DE 203 09 427 U1 or DE 103 27 487 A1 described furnace plant is a strand twisted radially. The introduced in such a furnace via a burner nozzle heat energy can thus be distributed relatively uniformly on a peripheral surface of a strand.

Systems of the type mentioned are still in need of improvement. It has been found that a burner nozzle output and the heat transfer that can be effected thereby via the burner flame can be comparatively unreliable.

At this point, the invention begins, the object of which is to provide a burner nozzle, a system of a plurality of burner nozzles, a furnace and a plant for treating strands of the type mentioned, in which a heat transfer, in particular a burner nozzle performance, in improved Way, in particular reliable and / or controllable feasible.

The task with respect to the burner nozzle is achieved by a burner nozzle of the type mentioned, according to the invention to form a zone for swirl generation in the flow mixture downstream behind the burner nozzle insert, the burner sleeve protrudes beyond the nozzle head and the nozzle insert has a number of nozzle channels, and means for swirl generation are provided.

The invention has recognized that a burner nozzle of the type mentioned, in particular a burner nozzle for a system, in particular for a furnace plant, in particular for a plant for treating strands of the type mentioned in principle, is capable of sufficient heat to treat However, the heat transfer from the burner nozzle to a strand in a conventional burner nozzle of the type mentioned can have irregularities due to the burner flame. The amount of heat that ultimately acts on a strand can thus be subject to fluctuations and, if necessary, an insufficient amount of heat may temporarily be present. In this sense, conventional devices of the type mentioned are unreliable and therefore not reliably controllable. The invention is based on the assumption that a reliable heat transfer in the context of flame stabilization of the burner nozzle is feasible. Flame stabilization can be achieved according to the invention in a burner nozzle by swirl generation at the flame downstream of the nozzle insert. The concept of the invention provides for formation of a swirl generation zone downstream of the nozzle insert such that the burner sleeve projects beyond the nozzle head and the nozzle insert has a number of nozzle channels and means for swirl generation are provided. It has been found that this concept enables the stabilization of a burner flame in a particularly advantageous manner.

Advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims, which further develop the burner nozzle according to the concept of the invention within the scope of the task.

In the context of a first variant of the invention, a nozzle channel extends with an inclination to the burner sleeve, in particular such that a resulting direction of a partial flow has a radial component and / or a tangential component with respect to the burner sleeve.

In other words, the longitudinal axis of a nozzle channel extends inclined to a radial plane along a longitudinal axis of the burner sleeve. A partial flow of the flow mixture produced in the direction of a specific angle of inclination to the burner sleeve is deflected by the part of the burner sleeve projecting beyond a nozzle insert in the said zone for generating swirl. As a result, a twist is imparted to the total flow of the flow mixture, which in a rotary motion, ie swirl movement, of the total flow in itself acts behind an opening of the burner sleeve. In other words, the total flow of the flow mixture carries an angular momentum, which is impressed by said deflection. It has been found that a degree of inclination and of the zone can be suitably adjusted according to the flame stabilization to be achieved.

Preferably, the zone extends at least between an annular region of the nozzle insert and a mouth stage, in particular a mouth edge, of the burner sleeve. As a result, an extent of the zone is designed in an improved manner. In a particularly preferred manner, the nozzle insert has a taper projecting beyond the annular region downstream, which protrudes into the zone.

In the context of the design of the extent of the zone and the slope, it has proved to be particularly advantageous that a flow mixture exiting from a nozzle channel has a substantial profile which can be deflected at least once on an inner side of the burner sleeve. As a result, a sufficient swirling motion for the total flow of the flow mixture can already be achieved in most cases.

In addition, it is particularly advantageous that a flow mixture emerging from a nozzle channel has a substantial profile which can be deflected at least twice on an inner side of the burner sleeve. It has surprisingly been found that a total flow despite twice deflection nevertheless has a sufficient overall speed, so that for a heating of a strand, for example in a furnace mentioned above, a sufficient range of the burner flame can be realized in order to realize a sufficient heat transfer. On the other hand, a relatively improved swirl movement is achieved by a two-fold deflection and thus a particularly good stabilization of the burner flame. In particular, a second deflection takes place in the region of a mouth stage of the burner sleeve. In the case of a diversion in the area of a mouth stage, a particularly good utilization of the zone for swirl generation takes place.

In the context of a second variant of the invention, it has proved to be particularly advantageous that the means for swirl generation is formed by a nozzle channel having a means for spin generation in the flow mixture. The means for spin production can be realized in particular by, for example, helically extending grooves or webs in a nozzle channel and / or by one or more suitable curves of a nozzle channel. In the present case, a spin is understood to mean that a partial flow of the flow mixture emerging from a nozzle channel carries out a rotational movement (spin movement), that is, the partial flow exiting from a nozzle channel already carries an angular momentum. In this way forms in the zone for swirl generation - caused by the spin movement - a swirling motion of the total current, which continues behind the burner nozzle to the burner flame. The second variant can be used alternatively or in addition to the first variant for the development of the invention. In the second variant can thus - in the case of an alternative use - run a nozzle channel parallel to the axis of a burner sleeve. In case of additional use, a nozzle channel may have a tendency to the burner sleeve.

According to a third, in turn alternative or additional, variant of the invention, the means for swirl generation may be arranged in the region of the zone, in particular in the form of a spiral rod. In the case of an alternative use to the first variant, a nozzle channel may extend substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the burner nozzle. Preferably, the nozzle insert has a number of nozzle channels which extend parallel to the burner sleeve. A nozzle channel may also have an inclination according to the first variant and / or a means for spin production according to the second variant. However, it has also proven to be particularly advantageous that the first and at least the third variant are combined. In particular, a spiral rod is a in upstream of the longitudinal axis extending nozzle. The spiral rod has, in particular, a spiral that tapers downstream in the diameter. The spiral rod counteracts in principle centrifugal forces acting in the flow mixture and therefore tends to compress at a distance from the central axis of the burner sleeve. A spiral rod advantageously promotes a comparatively uniform density of the swirling flow mixture over the cross section of the burner sleeve.

The burner sleeve can be designed in an advantageous manner to the prevailing in the zone temperature conditions. As particularly useful a burner sleeve has been found, which has an outer shell and an inner insert, wherein the insert is more resistant to heat than the jacket. In particular, a jacket made of steel and a ceramic insert may be formed. These materials have proven to be comparatively well-suited and readily processable within the scope of the concept of the invention.

The invention also relates to a system of a plurality of burner nozzles. In particular, a system has an axial arrangement of burner nozzles, which are arranged in particular at the level of the longitudinal axis of a strand to be irradiated and which preferably radiate transversely to the longitudinal axis. In order to warm up a strand advantageously, a burner nozzle power increases expediently along the axis.

The invention also leads to an initially mentioned furnace with a burner nozzle or a system of the aforementioned type, wherein according to the invention a number of control zones is provided and wherein the burner nozzle or the system is arranged at least in one of the control zones.

It has proved to be particularly advantageous that the burner nozzle or the system is arranged at least in a taper control zone. Taper control zones have proven to be particularly important in warming up the strand and therefore require particularly precise control and reliability of heat transfer from a burner nozzle to the strand. This can be achieved with the burner nozzle according to the concept of the invention.

According to a particularly preferred development of the furnace system, a contactless temperature measuring device for a burner nozzle output is arranged in at least one of the control zones. While non-contact temperature measurement has proven to be particularly advantageous in principle, there is often the problem, in particular in the temperature measurement of aluminum bodies, in particular aluminum strands, that the heat emission coefficient is only significant for the body temperature for a short time. In other words, the heat emission number is usually subject to fluctuations or is distorted and therefore proves to be generally not sufficiently constant for a non-contact temperature measurement. This problem has been recognized according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention. The development provides that the temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of a body, in particular in the form of a strand, in particular an aluminum strand, is designed to cooperate with a thermally mounted on the body temperature sensor. In particular, the temperature sensor is formed in the form of a temperature-retaining material layer.

The material layer has a sufficiently constant heat emission coefficient and expediently assumes the temperature of the body to be measured. As a result, the actual temperature of the body is achieved with a non-contact temperature measuring device in a particularly reliable manner.

Appropriately, in one of the control zones and a lambda probe for Einregelung a combustion mixture formation is arranged. A cooperating with the temperature measuring device and the lambda sensor control device is advantageously able to control the temperature conditions on a strand to the required extent. The concept of the invention has ensured that the amount of heat introduced by the burner nozzle is implemented particularly reliably. This creates a particularly reliable prerequisite for the control system according to the concept of the invention.

According to a particularly preferred development of the invention, the furnace installation can be supplied with at least partially ionized gas-air mixture for combustion in a burner nozzle. This advantageously increases the efficiency of the combustion and thus the stability of a burner flame according to the concept of the invention.

In particular, it has proved to be advantageous for a gas source and / or an air source to be followed by an ionization unit for the separate ionization of gas and / or air, preferably directly. Alternatively or additionally, it has also proved to be advantageous for a gas-air mixer to be followed by an ionization unit for the ionization of a gas-air mixture, preferably directly.

The invention also leads to a system for treating strands, in particular continuous casting rods or bolts, with a furnace installation of the aforementioned type, in particular a furnace system, which is arranged upstream of a shearing and / or pressing arrangement.

The invention also leads to a heating system, in particular a gas heating or oil heating, with a furnace system or a system of the aforementioned type. In particular, in the furnace system or the system, the burner nozzles to a arranged water-bearing pipe. Preferably, the burner nozzles are arranged along a longitudinal axis of a water-carrying pipe to be heated and radiate transversely to the longitudinal axis. It has been found that the concept of the invention can be implemented advantageously also in the field of heating systems, in particular for heating water-carrying pipes.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described below with reference to the drawing. This is not necessarily to scale the embodiments, but the drawing, where appropriate for explanation, executed in a schematized and / or slightly distorted form. With regard to additions to the teachings directly recognizable from the drawing reference is made to the relevant prior art. It should be noted that various modifications and changes may be made in the form and detail of an embodiment without departing from the general idea of the invention. The disclosed in the description, in the drawing and in the claims features of the invention may be essential both individually and in any combination for the embodiment of the invention. In particular, all values within given numerical ranges are deemed to be disclosed and may be combined with each other either individually or as a portion and may be essential and claimed for the embodiment of the invention. The general idea of the invention is not limited to the exact form or detail of the preferred embodiment shown and described below or limited to an article which would be limited in comparison to the subject matter claimed in the claims.

Fig. 1:

einen Längsschnitt durch eine beheizte Ofenanlage mit einem Ofen sowie einer Gasregelstrecke für einen metallischen Strang;

Fig. 2:

eine gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerte Schrägsicht auf den Ofen;

Fig. 3:

die Schrägsicht auf eine andere Ausgestaltung des Ofens der Fig. 2 mit teilweise geschnittener Seitenwand;

Fig. 4:

eine geschnittene Seitenansicht des Ofens gemäß Pfeil IV der Fig. 3;

Fig. 5:

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 mit Darstellung der Brennerdüsenleistungen;

Fig. 6:

ein Schaubild von Brennerdüsenleistungen in der Gasregelstrecke an dem Strang;

Fig. 7:

einen verkleinerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 6;

Fig. 8:

die vergrößerte Stirnansicht zu Fig. 7 nach deren Pfeil VIII;

Fig. 9 bzw. 10:

jeweils eine Draufsicht auf den gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerten Strang mit Temperaturmesseinrichtung in konventioneller (Fig. 9) bzw. der Erfindung entsprechender Ausgestaltung (Fig. 10);

Fig. 11:

eine Schrägsicht auf einen etwa axial geschnittenen Düsenmantel einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Brennerdüse mit Düseneinsatz;

Fig. 12:

die Seitenansicht der Düse nach Fig. 11;

Fig. 13:

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 11 zu einer anderen Ausgestaltung;

Fig. 14:

eine schematische Seitenansicht der Brennerdüse mit dargestellter Flussrichtung eines Gasgemisches, dem eine Drallbewegung gemäß der ersten Variante der Erfindung aufgeprägt ist;

Fig. 15:

den auf Fig. 14 bezogenen Strömungsverlauf des Gasgemisches;

Fig. 16, 17:

eine Schemaskizze zu einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Brennerdüse im Längsschnitt und in Stirnansicht gemäß einer Kombination der ersten und dritten Variante der Erfindung (Spiral-Düse);

Fig. 18:

einen schematisch dargestellten Strömungsverlauf bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Brennerdüse gemäß einer Kombination der ersten und zweiten Variante der Erfindung (Spin-Drall-Düse).

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in:

Fig. 1:

a longitudinal section through a heated furnace system with an oven and a gas control path for a metallic strand;

Fig. 2:

a comparison with Figure 1 enlarged oblique view of the furnace;

3:

the oblique view of another embodiment of the furnace of Figure 2 with partially cut side wall.

4:

a sectional side view of the furnace according to arrow IV of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5:

an enlarged section of Figure 1 showing the burner nozzle performance.

Fig. 6:

a graph of burner nozzle performance in the gas control system on the strand;

Fig. 7:

a reduced section of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8:

the enlarged front view of Figure 7 according to the arrow VIII.

FIGS. 9 and 10, respectively:

in each case a plan view of the strand with a temperature measuring device which has been enlarged in comparison to FIG. 1 in conventional (FIG. 9) or according to the invention embodiment (FIG. 10);

Fig. 11:

an oblique view of an approximately axially cut nozzle shell of a preferred embodiment of a burner nozzle with nozzle insert;

Fig. 12:

the side view of the nozzle of FIG. 11;

Fig. 13:

an enlarged section of Figure 11 to another embodiment.

Fig. 14:

a schematic side view of the burner nozzle with the illustrated flow direction of a gas mixture, which is impressed a swirling motion according to the first variant of the invention;

Fig. 15:

the related to Fig. 14 flow course of the gas mixture;

Fig. 16, 17:

a schematic view of a further preferred embodiment of a burner nozzle in longitudinal section and in end view according to a combination of the first and third variants of the invention (spiral nozzle);

Fig. 18:

a flow diagram shown schematically in a further preferred embodiment of a burner nozzle according to a combination of the first and second variants of the invention (spin-twist nozzle).

A preferably made of an aluminum alloy strand or rod 10 of diameter d axially superimposed in a tube 20 of length a of a furnace 22. This tube 20, the inner diameter d ₁ corresponds to about twice the diameter d of the rod 10, is in the axial thrust direction x a - Containing fans 24 - preheating zone 26 of length a ₁ upstream. At the latter includes as the first section of that tube 20, a furnace assembly 28 - one of those length a of the preheating zone 26 about corresponding length a ₁ -, from the radially projecting exhaust stack 48.

The furnace assembly 28 is in thrust x the first of seven control zones; the subsequent control zones are identified by 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40 and separated by diametral walls 42; the control zones 36, 38, 40 which can be seen on the left in FIG. 1 are referred to as taper control zones, and the control zone 40 equipped end to end with an oven door 44 is associated axially with a hot shear 46; their overall axial length can be seen at b. Above the headward taper control zone 40, an additional external taper control zone 40 _{e is} symbolically outlined.

To the - by interposed control zones 32, 36 spaced apart - control zones 30, 34, 38, a continuously adjustable gas-air mixer 50 is connected in each case by means of a line 49; the middle in Fig. 1 gas-air mixer 50 is followed by an ionization system 52 for gas mixture.

The gas-air mixers 50 are at the other end of an - attached to a fresh air fan 54 - air line 56 is added; next to the latter runs a gas line 57, which starts from a main gas control line 58 and on the other hand in three control lines 60, which are each assigned at the other end by a line 57 _e one of the gas-air mixer 50. The parallel lines 56, 57 pass through an ionization system 52 _a for gas and / or air upstream of the first gas-air mixer 50 in the direction of flow y.

The last in that flow direction y line 49 of a gas-air mixer 50 is connected via a side line 51 to the taper control zone 40; In this side line 51, a lambda probe 62 is integrated and a separate burner nozzle 64 for the lambda control. The after the air ratio λ, ie the ratio of air supplied to the theoretical air demand, called lambda probe, has a sensor with which the residual oxygen content in the flue gas is determined. In the present case, the flue gas is passed over an unspecified catalyst for purification, before it is discharged to the environment. The measuring signal of the lambda probe is used to control mixture formation to the desired air ratio (λ = I). On the other side of the line 49, a temperature measuring device 66 is arranged for the control zone 36.

The design of the oven 28 on a base frame 29 in the form of a flue gas channel with insulation is shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. In one - side walls 67 and a ridge wall 68 having - oven housing 70 extending from the aufzuwärmenden strand or rod 10 axially interspersed, divided by transverse walls 69 axially into three sections furnace interior 71; that rod-like strand 10 superimposed on him subverting drive shafts 72, which are each supported at both ends by a arranged in the furnace interior 70 shaft bearing 74. The attachment of the drive 78 and bearing 74 of the shafts 72 in the furnace interior 70 allows a particularly accurate positioning of a strand 10. In particular in Fig. 3, 4 are the drive shafts 72 associated - with a drive chain 76 connected - drive wheels 78 to recognize and burner nozzles 80, 80 _a , 80 _b , 80 _c which are arranged at the level of the longitudinal axis A of the strand or rod 10 and approximately transverse to this longitudinal axis A. From the above-mentioned main gas control path 58 branch - the likewise already described - control lines 60, next to each one in the base frame 29 integrated air duct 56 runs.

FIG. 5 shows the burner nozzle outputs, which increase in the direction of thrust x, on two nozzle performance curves D sketched on both sides of the rod longitudinal axis A, with a relatively rapidly increasing profile. FIG. 6 shows an adapted burner nozzle output or an actively regulated one Gas mixture supply line according to the required burner output. Here, for the taper control zone 40 of those described nozzle power curve D a curve TV of the desired temperature distribution is compared as a temperature gradient in the longitudinal direction, which increases from a foot temperature TF slowly to a head temperature TK out; the temperature coordinate is denoted by T. An enlarged detail from FIG. 6 for a specific region of the rod longitudinal axis A is shown in FIG. 7.

The sketched in Fig. 8 end face 12 of the strand or pin 10 in said specific area shows with a temperature distribution curve the radial temperature gradient TG, from the temperature coordinate T to the circular contour of the outer surface 14 of the strand 10 radially to the center M of the end face 12 - towards a radial plane R - decreases.

Fig. 9 shows a conventional temperature measuring device 8 with the required insertion movement - arrow z - again. In contrast, according to the concept of the invention, in the present case according to FIG. 10, a non-contact temperature measuring device 100 is used. In order to ensure a particularly reliable temperature measurement, this measures a continuously mounted on the strand 10 in the longitudinal direction and axially parallel strip of material 16 with a constant emission number in an advantageous manner. The material strip 16 in the present case measures a comparatively stable IR emission spectrum, is heat-resistant up to at least 600 ° C., and has good thermal conduction properties. In order to keep the heat capacity of the material strip 16 as low as possible, it is formed in the form of a comparatively thin layer. In the present case, this is sprayed on as a color coat. In order to avoid removal of the color layer in the oven, the burner nozzles are aligned to a different height than that of the color layer. Preferably, the axis A, along which the burner nozzles 80 _a , 80 _b , 80 _c are arranged, at a different height than that of the material strip 16 in the form of the color layer. In order to remove the ink layer as uncomplicated as possible in the present case, after the temperature measurement, especially at a suitable location, at the end of the kiln section a burner nozzle at the height of the ink layer is arranged to remove them in the firing process.

An inserted burner nozzle 80 _a , as shown in FIG. 11, a burner sleeve 80 with a tubular cylindrical steel shell 82 of length e and the outer diameter f, in which an insert 86 of shorter length e ₁ superimposed - which is formed in this embodiment of ceramic, in principle but may also be formed from another suitably heat-resistant material - and which abuts a mouth stage 84 of the steel shell 82 and in turn the other end forms a stop for a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner nozzle 80 _a screwed into the steel shell 82 nozzle insert 90. After its insertion, the free end of the steel shell 82 is screwed onto a furnace-side nozzle head 88 in the form of a connecting piece, which has an axial channel 89.

The nozzle insert 90 has an annular region 92 of the diameter f ₁ and axial height h, on which an axially tapering head tip 94 is formed. The nozzle insert 90 is penetrated by a plurality of nozzle channels 96 whose longitudinal axes E extend inclined to radial planes along the longitudinal axis B of the burner sleeve 80 for generating a twist k shown in detail in FIG.

The design of the burner nozzle 80 _{a of} FIG. 13 contains between steel jacket 82 _a and ceramic insert 86 of the burner sleeve 80 - an insulating vornehmende - gap or annular spaces 98, the gap width i in this embodiment by projecting from the inner surface of the steel shell 82 _a Ringanformungen 83 is determined. The flow direction q of the gas mixture to be fed radially to the strand 10 in the furnace 28 can be seen in FIG. 14; she leads through the nozzle holes 96 to the nozzle insert 90 near foot area of the inner surface 87 of the ceramic insert 86, bounces off so that they - the longitudinal axis B of the burner sleeve 80 crossing - strikes the front or head of the ceramic insert 86 and then - again the longitudinal axis B. transversely out of the burner sleeve 80 emerges obliquely.

In the flow mixture designated S in FIG. 15, swirl k serves to stabilize the burner flame and is described in more detail below with respect to further embodiments of burner sleeves; The length e _{2 of} the actual swirl zone corresponds to the distance of the annular region 92 of the nozzle insert 90 from the mouth edge or the mouth outer surface 85 of the steel shell 82 or its mouth stage 84 in the burner sleeve 80th

Another burner nozzle 80 contains _b as shown in FIG. 16 as a spiral nozzle between steel jacket 82 and insert 86, in this case ceramic, the burner sleeve 80 a - not interrupted by Ringanformungen - continuous gap 89th Der Einsatz 86 vorgesetzten - a ceramic component in the material containing nozzle insert 91 has a running in the longitudinal axis B nozzle hole 97, to the mouth edge 85 toward a curved longitudinal axis B - for example, also provided with Keramikanteilener Spiral bar 98 whose Kraglänge approximately the radius r of the inner surface 87 of the ceramic insert 86 corresponds; As can be seen from FIG. 17, the radius r _{1 of} that nozzle hole 97 measures approximately half the radius r of the inner surface 87. The diameter of the turns of the spiral rod 98 decreases from the nozzle hole 97 to the spiral rod end 98 _e , as a straight line G in FIG. 16 symbolizes and ends as a narrow partial ring.

This spiral rod 98 additionally swirls the flow mixture emerging from the nozzle hole 97 in such a way that, due to acting centrifugal forces, it otherwise becomes considerably denser on the inner surface 87 of the ceramic insert 86 would be as in the region of the longitudinal axis B - in increasing distance from the nozzle hole 97 undergoes a homogenization and the mixture over the nozzle cross-section homogeneous compared to a situation without spiral rod 98, ie the spiral rod supports a compression along the axis B, or acts one Compaction on the inner surface 87 opposite.

Fig. 18 illustrates schematically the spraying process in a burner nozzle in the form of a spin-twist nozzle 80 _c . The flow mixture S emerging from the openings of the nozzle channels 96 of the nozzle insert 90 in the direction of flow q at this exit causes a spin movement in the direction G in the direction of rotation G counterclockwise - which leads outside the burner sleeve 80 to a swirling motion k of the entire flow mixture. The axial velocity is symbolized by arrows t. To generate the spin, the nozzle channels are curved by a 90 ° angle, which is indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 18 schematically.

Claims (29)

A burner nozzle (80a, 80b, 80c) comprising a nozzle head (88), a nozzle insert (90) and a burner sleeve (80) for combustion of a flow mixture (S), the nozzle insert (90) first adjacent to the nozzle head (88) in the Burner sleeve (80) is arranged upstream,
characterized in that to form a zone for swirl generation in the flow mixture downstream behind the nozzle insert, - The burner sleeve (80) protrudes beyond the nozzle head (88), and - The nozzle insert (90) has a number of nozzle channels (96), and - Means are provided for swirl generation. Burner nozzle (80 _a ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for swirl generation are formed by the fact that a nozzle channel (96) extends with an inclination to the burner sleeve (80). Burner nozzle (80 _a ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the zone extends at least between an annular region (92) of the nozzle insert (90) and a mouth stage (84), in particular a mouth edge (85), the burner sleeve (80) , Burner nozzle (80 _a ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the extent of the zone and the inclination is such that one of a nozzle channel (96) emerging flow mixture (S) has a substantial profile which at least once on an inner side (87) of the burner sleeve (80) is deflectable. Burner nozzle (80 _a ) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the extent of the zone and the inclination is such that a from a nozzle channel (96) exiting flow mixture (S) has a substantial profile which at least twice at one Inner side (87) of the burner sleeve (80) is deflectable. Burner nozzle (80 _a ) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, that a second deflection in the region of a mouth stage (84) of the burner sleeve (80). Burner nozzle (80 _a , 80 _b , 80 _c ) according to one of 'claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a burner sleeve (80) has an outer shell (82) and an: inner insert (86), wherein the insert (86 ) is more heat resistant than the jacket (82). Burner nozzle (80 _a , 80 _b , 80 _c ) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a jacket made of steel and a ceramic insert is. Burner nozzle (80 _c ) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a nozzle channel (96) has means for spin production in the flow mixture (S). Burner nozzle (80 _b ) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, that the means for swirl generation in the region of the zone is arranged. Burner nozzle (80 _b ) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the means for swirl generation in the form of a spiral rod (98) is formed. Burner nozzle (80 _b ) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the spiral rod (98) in front of a longitudinal axis (A) extending nozzle hole (97). Burner nozzle (80 _a , 80 _b , 80 _c ) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the nozzle head (88) has an axial passage (89). System of a plurality of burner nozzles according to one of claims 1 to 13. System according to claim 14, characterized in that the burner nozzles have an axial arrangement at the level of the longitudinal axis (B) of a strand (10) to be irradiated and radiate transversely to the longitudinal axis (B). System according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that a burner nozzle power increases along the axis (B). Furnace installation (22) with a burner nozzle according to one of Claims 1 to 13 or a system according to one of Claims 14 to 16, characterized by a number of control zones (30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40), the burner nozzle (80a , 80b, 80c) or the system is arranged in at least one of the control zones (30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40). Furnace installation (22) according to claim 17, characterized in that the burner nozzle (80a, 80b, 80c) or the system at least in a taper control zone (36, 38, 40) is arranged. Furnace system (22) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that in at least one of the control zones, a contactless temperature measuring device (8) is arranged for a burner nozzle performance. Furnace system (22) according to claim 19, characterized in that the temperature measuring device (8) for measuring the temperature of a body, in particular in the form of a strand, in particular an aluminum strand, is designed to cooperate with a thermally mounted on the body temperature sensor. Furnace installation (22) according to claim 20, characterized in that the temperature sensor is formed in the form of a temperature-retaining material layer. Furnace system (22) according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that in at least one of the control zones, a lambda probe for adjusting a combustion mixture formation is arranged. Furnace system (22) according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that a gas source (58) and / or an air source (54) an ionization system (52 _a ) for the separate ionization of gas and / or air is connected downstream. Furnace system (22) according to any one of claims 17 to 23, characterized in that a gas-air mixer (50) an ionization system (52) is connected downstream for the ionization of a gas-air mixture. Furnace system (22) according to any one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that for the storage and drive of a strand in the oven interior (70) shafts (72) and a drive associated therewith (78) and storage (74) is provided. Furnace system (22) according to any one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that a catalyst for flue gas cleaning is provided. Plant for treating strands, in particular continuous casting rods or bolts, comprising a furnace installation (22) according to one of claims 17 to 26, which is arranged upstream of a shearing and / or pressing arrangement. Heating system, in particular gas heating or oil heating, comprising a furnace installation according to one of claims 17 to 26 or a system according to one of claims 14 to 16. Heating installation according to claim 28, characterized in that the burner nozzles are arranged around a water-carrying pipe, in particular along a longitudinal axis of a water-conducting pipe to be heated are arranged and radiate transversely to the longitudinal axis.

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