EP1838135A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Simulieren des Klangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Simulieren des Klangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1838135A1
EP1838135A1 EP06005711A EP06005711A EP1838135A1 EP 1838135 A1 EP1838135 A1 EP 1838135A1 EP 06005711 A EP06005711 A EP 06005711A EP 06005711 A EP06005711 A EP 06005711A EP 1838135 A1 EP1838135 A1 EP 1838135A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transducers
sound
audio input
input signal
description data
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06005711A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Clemens Kuhn
Renato Pellegrini
Matthias Rosenthal
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Sonicemotion AG
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Sonicemotion AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Sonicemotion AG filed Critical Sonicemotion AG
Priority to EP06005711A priority Critical patent/EP1838135A1/de
Publication of EP1838135A1 publication Critical patent/EP1838135A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/11—Application of ambisonics in stereophonic audio systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/13—Application of wave-field synthesis in stereophonic audio systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for reproducing sound of a vehicle using a plurality of transducers.
  • simulation devices in vehicle engineering are used in order to predict acoustic properties of vehicles during the development phase.
  • Such devices present sound of a possible or a real vehicle to a listener in order to investigate the subjective impression of certain vehicle sounds and to find an optimal sound for a certain application.
  • Such simulation devices are including but not limited to NVH engineering purposes (noise, vibration, harshness) such as disclosed by Marc Allman-Ward, Roger Williams, G. Dunne and P.
  • the aim of a sound representation using headphones is to provide ear input signals processed with head-related transfer functions (HRTF) to create a spatial impression of the virtual environment.
  • HRTF head-related transfer functions
  • the main advantage of this approach is to provide in theory a localization of sound sources in all three spatial dimensions as published by Jens Blauert in "Spatial hearing: The psychophysics of human sound localization", revised edition, The MIT press, Cambridge, MA, 1997 . Nevertheless, in practice, this technology shows clear artefacts and disadvantages as will be described below.
  • the aim of the stereophonic loudspeaker reproduction is to reproduce stereophonic signals over loudspeakers in order to create a spatial impression of sound.
  • Implementations of such systems for vehicle simulations are disclosed by Roland Sottek, Winfried Krebber and G (Randy) Stanley in “Tools and Methods for Product Sound Design of Vehicles", Society of Automotive Engineers, Proceedings of the SAE Noise & Vibration Conference, Traverse City, Ml, USA, May 16-19 2005 .
  • a first method relies on the recreation of the curvature of the wave front of an acoustic field emitted by a sound source by using a plurality of loudspeakers. Such method has been disclosed by A .J. Berkhout in "A holographic approach to acoustic control", Journal of the Audio Eng. Soc., Vol. 36, pp 977-995, 1988 , and is known under the name of "wave field synthesis”.
  • a second method relies on the decomposition of a wave field into spatially independent wave field components such as spherical harmonics or cylindrical harmonics. Such method has been disclosed by M. A.
  • the physical control of the wave field is limited due to the distance of the loudspeakers, which results in spatial aliasing, and, in most implementations, due to the restriction of the loudspeaker set-up to the horizontal plane. This allows no localisation of sound sources outside of the loudspeaker plane. For these reasons, both methods do not provide a physically correct wave field but are able to create a perceptively sufficient spatial impression of virtual sound sources in a virtual room for simulation purposes. Both systems provide perceptive cues for sound localisation of human hearing without reproducing all physical properties of the desired wave field.
  • Stereophonic reproduction works only for one specific listening position, the so called “sweet spot”. Outside of this listening position, the stereophonic sound image collapses and the sound seems to come from the nearest loudspeaker.
  • the spatial sound imaging will only give a correct impression for one single listening position neglecting all other possible seating positions in the car.
  • stereophonic systems still have strong drawbacks, since spatial sound reproduction is limited due to the relatively small number of loudspeakers.
  • the listener may not freely move his head due to the small listening zone ("sweet spot") and the perception of a homogeneous diffuse field is limited since only a few loudspeakers are used and no further signal processing is applied to account for the loudspeaker position.
  • the aim of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks of the state of the art. More precisely, it is the aim of the invention to use loudspeakers in order to avoid the feeling of wearing a headphone and to overcome the described problem of a sweet spot in order to create a spatial impression of sound in an enlarged listening area using possibly an irregular spatial configuration of loudspeakers. Diffuse sound field reproduction and localisation of simulated sound sources is to be improved. It is not the idea to create physically correct ear input signals as described for headphones reproduction but it is intended to create a perceptive impression that approximates the impression of a real sound field.
  • the invention relies in processing audio signals representing the sound of a vehicle using a plurality of transducers by calculating a plurality of transducers driving signals from at least one said audio input signal and transducers positioning data as well as sound field description data associated to said audio input signal.
  • Methods for such signal processing have been published for example under the names of "wave field synthesis” and "ambisonics" as described above but have not been transferred to such simulation approaches in sound quality assessment up to now since they do not allow in practice a physically correct sound simulation but are restricted to a perceptively correct sound simulation.
  • Both exemplary methods do not provide a physically correct wave field reproduction but allow a correct perception of determining parameters for sound quality assessment in vehicle engineering. Quality of the simulation does not rely on the physical approximation of the audio signals to a real or a possible real signal but on approximating the perceptive properties of the simulation to those of a real or a possible real signal.
  • the invention relates to a method for reproducing sound of a vehicle using a plurality of transducers, characterized by calculating a plurality of transducers driving signals from at least one audio input signal representing sound of a vehicle using transducers positioning data and sound field description data associated to said audio input signal.
  • the method may comprise steps
  • the invention comprises a device for reproducing sound of a vehicle using a plurality of transducers, characterized by, a storing unit for storing at least one audio input signal representing sound of a vehicle and by a wave field computing device connected to the storing unit calculating a plurality of transducers driving signals by using the said audio input signal and transducers positioning data as well as sound field description data associated to said audio input signal, for driving the plurality of transducers connected to the wave field computing device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a possible configuration of the device according to the invention.
  • a storing unit 7 stores audio input signals 2 representing the sound of a vehicle. It may also store sound field description data 8 associated to each audio input signal 2. If these sound field description data 8 are not stored in the storing unit 7 they are directly stored and processed in a wave field computing device 3.
  • the wave field computing device 3 calculates a plurality of transducers driving signals 4 by using the said audio input signal 2 and transducers positioning data 15 as well as sound field description data 8 associated to said audio input signal 2.
  • the transducers positioning data 15 describe the position of each transducer in space relative to a reference point 11.
  • the sound field description data may comprise a description about the position of a virtual sound source 12 in space relative to a reference point 13.
  • the plurality of transducers driving signals 4 drive the plurality of transducers 5 synthesizing a wave field 6. The said wave field 6 may then be perceived by a listener 1.
  • Figure 2 shows a possible configuration of the wave field computing device 3.
  • two audio input signals 2 are used. They are processed by set of filters 9 to form output signals 14 associated to each transducer. Then, a step of summing in summing units 10 is performed on the respective output signals 14 for each transducer to derive the plurality of transducers driving signals 4.
  • Applications of the invention are including but not limited to the following domains: interior noise simulation for car, interior noise simulation for train, interior noise simulation for aircraft, flyover noise simulation for aircraft, outside noise simulation for car, etc.
  • Vehicles can be any transportation device such as cars, trucks, trains, aircrafts, motorbikes, etc.
  • the audio input signal 2 representing the sound of a vehicle may consist of recorded exterior or interior sounds of at least one vehicle or of synthesized exterior or interior sounds of at least one vehicle, such as road noise, wind noise, engine noise, warning noises from user interfaces, noise of small electric motors, etc. Recorded sounds may result from recordings using microphones. Synthesized sounds may result from models of a vehicle describing the construction and properties of different parts of the vehicle and their acoustic parameters such as transfer functions.
  • Such audio input signal 2 does not necessarily need to approximate physically the properties of a real or a possible vehicle sound but may be a perceptive approximation to the sound of real or a possible vehicle.
  • one can simulate an extended sound source by using phantom source imaging between two virtual sound sources reproduced with the said method wave field synthesis, allowing a control of sound source localisation and source extension as published by Günther Theile, Helmut Wittek and Markus Reisinger in "Wellenfeldsynthese-Verfahren: Ein Weg für Anlagen der syndromemlichen Tonpers", Proceedings of the 21st VDT International Audio Convention (Tonhofftagung), Hanover, Germany, 2002 .
  • the audio input signal 2 represents perceptively the sound of a vehicle even if the physical properties of the synthesized wave field may be different from the sound field in a real vehicle.
  • the sound described by one audio input signal 2 does not necessarily need to describe the whole vehicle sound. It is possible to use separated signals for different sound sources of the vehicle, especially when a model for sound synthesis is applied to generate the audio input signals 2.
  • the spatial sound reproduction of this invention allows an enhanced spatial separation of different sound sources of the vehicle and separated investigations of different sources, e.g. for engine noise, road noise, wind noise, warning sounds from user interfaces, etc.
  • the transducers will be loudspeakers.
  • the wave field will be an acoustic field (sound field), which can be perceived by human hearing.
  • the transducers positioning data can be derived from measurements of angle and distance of the loudspeakers in space relative to a given reference point.
  • the sound field description data 8 associated to each audio input signal 2 provides information about how to calculate the plurality of transducers driving signals 4.
  • Such information may describe the sound field according to at least one element of a group of elements comprising the methods of wave field synthesis and ambisonics.
  • the sound field description data 8 associated to the audio input signal 2 may refer to the position of a virtual sound source in space in order to synthesize the wave field of this virtual source using the plurality of transducers 5.
  • the sound field description data 8 may refer to at least one spatially independent wave field component such as spherical harmonics, or cylindrical harmonics. But also other information may be described by the sound field description data 8.
  • the said sound field description data 8 may also describe parameters such as source width, dynamic behaviour of radiation characteristics and any other parameter influencing the sound field emitted by a source.
EP06005711A 2006-03-21 2006-03-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Simulieren des Klangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs Withdrawn EP1838135A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP06005711A EP1838135A1 (de) 2006-03-21 2006-03-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Simulieren des Klangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs

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EP06005711A EP1838135A1 (de) 2006-03-21 2006-03-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Simulieren des Klangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008013979B4 (de) * 2008-03-12 2013-11-14 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Fahrzeug mit einem Audiosystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Audiosystems in einem Fahrzeug
US8965546B2 (en) 2010-07-26 2015-02-24 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems, methods, and apparatus for enhanced acoustic imaging
WO2018231763A1 (en) * 2017-06-15 2018-12-20 Cymatics Laboratories, Corp. Wave propagation computing devices for machine learning

Citations (1)

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US20040131192A1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-07-08 Metcalf Randall B. System and method for integral transference of acoustical events

Patent Citations (1)

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US20040131192A1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-07-08 Metcalf Randall B. System and method for integral transference of acoustical events

Non-Patent Citations (12)

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Title
A J. BERKHOUT: "A holographic approach to acoustic control", JOURNAL OF THE AUDIO ENG. SOC., vol. 36, 1988, pages 977 - 995
DE VRIES D ET AL: "Wave field synthesis and analysis using array technology", APPLICATIONS OF SIGNAL PROCESSING TO AUDIO AND ACOUSTICS, 1999 IEEE WORKSHOP ON NEW PALTZ, NY, USA 17-20 OCT. 1999, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA,IEEE, US, 17 October 1999 (1999-10-17), pages 15 - 18, XP010365058, ISBN: 0-7803-5612-8 *
GÜNTHER THEILE; HELMUT WITTEK; MARKUS REISINGER: "Wellenfeldsynthese-Verfahren: Ein Weg fur neue Möglichkeiten der räumlichen Tongestaltung", PROCEEDINGS OF THE 21ST VDT INTERNATIONAL AUDIO CONVENTION (TONMEISTERTAGUNG, 2002
H. MOLLER ET AL.: "Binaural technique: Do we need individual recordings?", J. AUDIO ENG. SOC., vol. 44, no. 6, June 1996 (1996-06-01), pages 451 - 469, XP000721400
H. MØLLER ET AL.: "Evaluation of artificial heads in listening tests", J. AUDIO ENG. SOC., vol. 47, no. 3, March 1999 (1999-03-01), pages 83 - 100, XP001003332
JENS BLAUERT: "SPATIAL HEARING: THE PSYCHOPHYSICS OF HUMAN SOUND LOCALIZATION", 1997, MIT PRESS
JÉRÔME DANIEL; ROZENN NICOL; SÉBASTIEN MOREAU: "Further Investigations of High Order Ambisonics and Wavefield Synthesis for Holophonic Sound Imaging", AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 114TH AES CONVENTION, 22 March 2003 (2003-03-22)
KARL JANSSENS ET AL.: "A Virtual Sound Synthesis Approach for On-line Assessment of Interior Car and Aircraft Noise", ICSV CONFERENCE, July 2004 (2004-07-01)
M. A. GERZON: "Ambisonic in multichannel broadcasting and video", JOURNAL OF THE AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY, vol. 33, 1985, pages 859 - 871
MARC ALLMAN-WARD ET AL.: "The evaluation of vehicle sound quality using an NVH simulator", INTERNOISE 2004, 33RD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION ON NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING, 22 August 2004 (2004-08-22)
OLIVIER WARUSFEL ET AL.: "Reproduction of sound source directivity for future audio applications", PROCEEDINGS OF THE ICA-INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ACOUSTICS, 2004
ROLAND SOTTEK; WINFRIED KREBBER; G (RANDY) STANLEY: "Tools and Methods for Product Sound Design of Vehicles", SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE SAE NOISE & VIBRATION CONFERENCE, 16 May 2005 (2005-05-16)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008013979B4 (de) * 2008-03-12 2013-11-14 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Fahrzeug mit einem Audiosystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Audiosystems in einem Fahrzeug
US8965546B2 (en) 2010-07-26 2015-02-24 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems, methods, and apparatus for enhanced acoustic imaging
WO2018231763A1 (en) * 2017-06-15 2018-12-20 Cymatics Laboratories, Corp. Wave propagation computing devices for machine learning

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