EP1825565B1 - Perfectionnement aux antennes a bandes interdites photoniques - Google Patents

Perfectionnement aux antennes a bandes interdites photoniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1825565B1
EP1825565B1 EP05818906A EP05818906A EP1825565B1 EP 1825565 B1 EP1825565 B1 EP 1825565B1 EP 05818906 A EP05818906 A EP 05818906A EP 05818906 A EP05818906 A EP 05818906A EP 1825565 B1 EP1825565 B1 EP 1825565B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rods
source
height
antenna according
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP05818906A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1825565A1 (fr
Inventor
Nicolas Boisbouvier
Ali Louzir
Françoise Le Bolzer
Anne-Claude Tarot
Kouroch Mahdjoubi
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THOMSON LICENSING
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Thomson Licensing SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/44—Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antenna; with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/006—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces
    • H01Q15/0066—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces said selective devices being reconfigurable, tunable or controllable, e.g. using switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to photonic bandgap antennas.
  • Photonic bandgap structures are known by the abbreviation BIP, generally by the term "Photonic Band Gap Structure” or PBG structure in English, for periodic structures that prohibit the propagation of a wave for certain frequency bands . Structures were first used in the optical field, but in recent years their application has been extended to other frequency ranges. Photonic bandgap structures are used in particular in microwave devices such as filters, antennas or the like.
  • metal structures that use a periodic distribution of metal elements, others a periodic distribution of dielectric elements but also metallo-dielectric structures.
  • the present invention relates to a photonic band gap structure using metal elements, more particularly parallel rods perfectly conducting and arranged periodically.
  • Photonic bandgap antennas based on metal elements such as parallel metal rods have already been studied. So, the article published in the journal Chin. Phys.Lett. Flight. 19, No. 6 (2002) 804 entitled “Metal Photonic Band Gap Resonant Antenna with High Directivity and High Radiation Resistance", Lin Qien, FU-Jian, HE Sai-Ling, Zhang Jian-Wu studies a resonant structure with metallic photonic bandgap (MBPG) formed of infinitely long parallel metal rods in the Z direction.
  • MBPG metallic photonic bandgap
  • This article studies more particularly the directivity and the resistance to radiation for a certain range of frequencies of a resonant antenna (MPBG) comprising a linear radiation source antenna and a cavity constructed in a metallic photonic structure formed of parallel metallic rods, the cavity being obtained by eliminating some rods around the source antenna.
  • MPBG resonant antenna
  • the present invention relates to a photonic band gap antenna (BIP) which is made with metal rods of finite length, the height of the rods relative to the substrate receiving the radiating source being controlled so as to control the radiation pattern of the antenna in the vertical plane.
  • BIP photonic band gap antenna
  • the present invention relates to a photonic bandgap antenna (BIP) having, in a plane of x, y directions, a radiating source and a photonic bandgap structure consisting of parallel metal rods, perpendicular to the plane, the rods of diameter d. repeating nx times with a period x in the x direction and n y times with a period y in the y direction, characterized in that the height of the rods seen from the radiating source is increasing.
  • BIP photonic bandgap antenna
  • the height of the rods between the source and the outermost rod is chosen to be greater than kh / n, n being equal to the number of stems seen from the source, h being the height of the outermost stem and k an integer varying between 1 and n.
  • the height of the first metal rods seen by the source is chosen to be greater than 3 ⁇ 1 where I is the height of the radiating source.
  • I is the height of the radiating source.
  • the BIPM effect is obtained, ie one obtains as a function of the period at a given frequency bandwidths and forbidden.
  • the heights of the rods between the source and the outermost rod follow an increasing monotonous function.
  • the numbers of rods are identical. They are chosen such that n ⁇ 3.
  • the numbers of stems seen from the source can be different, which gives numbers nx and ny of stems with different values.
  • the reproduction periods x and y of the metal rods in the x and y directions are chosen to be identical. However, these periods a x and a y may be different.
  • the stems are made of a metal material having a conductivity greater than 10 -7 such as copper (5.9.10 7 S / m), silver (4.1.10 7 S / m), aluminum (3.5 ⁇ 10 7 S / m) or the like.
  • the source is constituted by a vertical dipole or monopole attached to the ground plane substrate. Said source is positioned in place of one of the metal rods or between the metal rods.
  • the figure 3 is a diagram showing the bandwidths and band gaps of a photonic bandgap antenna as a function of operating frequency and period.
  • the figure 4 schematically shows in A a 3D view and in B a top view of a photonic band gap antenna, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the figure 5 represents three configurations of photonic band gap antennas with metal rods of different height according to the views with, for each configuration, an elevation radiation pattern and a 3D radiation pattern.
  • the figure 1 represents an antenna 1 consisting of a dipole 10, positioned in the middle of a photonic bandgap structure (BIP), formed of metal rods 11 of finite height (referenced structure BIPM).
  • the metal rods are made of a material having a conductivity greater than 10 -7 such as copper, silver, aluminum or the like.
  • the metal rods 11 are arranged in 7 rows of 7 elements, the rows and the elements being spaced apart from each other by a distance a giving the pitch or the period of the photonic bandgap structure.
  • a BIPM structure having numbers n x and n y and that different periods x and y in the x and y directions may also be considered in the context of the present invention.
  • Radiation diagrams show the effect of the BIPM structure on the radiation pattern of a dipole antenna. Indeed, the presence of a metallic BIP structure shows at the working frequency preferred directions of radiation at 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° and radiation minima at 45 °, 135 °, 225 °, 315 °.
  • the height of the metal rods of the Figure 1A has been modified so that, from the source, the heights of the stems are increasing.
  • the use of the height-adjustable rods allows the control of the elevation radiation pattern while maintaining the same azimuth pattern.
  • FIG 5 there is shown a photonic band gap antenna in which the source 10 sees three metal rods of height h finite and identical.
  • the elevation radiation pattern has several minima due to pass-through or blocking behaviors of the metal photonic band gap structure for the apparent period in the considered direction.
  • This diagram is similar to the diagram in Figure 2B.
  • the 3D radiation pattern has along the z axis a radiation lobe. Indeed, when the rods are of constant heights h, the radiation pattern is preserved in the xOy plane but evolves in the xOz plane as a function of h.
  • the height of the 3 metal rods seen by the source 10 is different from one rod to the other and increasing so that H3 ⁇ H2 ⁇ H1.
  • the heights H3, H2, H1 can follow an increasing monotonous function.
  • the height of the rods H3, H2, H1 between the source and the outermost rod (H1) is chosen to be greater than kH1 / n, n being equal to the number of rods seen from the source (3). in the embodiment shown), H1 the height of the outer rod and k an integer varying between 1 and n.
  • the height H3 must be at least 3 x I where I is the height of the radiating source.
  • the source 10 has three metal rods whose height is increasing from the source to the outer rod H'1 rectifc H'3 ⁇ H'2 ⁇ H'1.
  • the size of the metal rods substantially follows the equation given above.
  • the elevation diagram of the Figure 5C shows a significant decrease of the secondary lobes due to the particular structure of the metallic BIP, which is also found on the 3D diagram.
  • the present invention has been described with reference to an antenna in which the source is positioned in place of a metal rod in the center of the metallic BIP structure. However, it is possible to position the source between the rods. On the other hand, the source may be off-center in the photonic band gap structure.
  • the source used in the embodiments described above is a dipole. However, in a practical embodiment, a vertical monopoly mounted on a ground plane substrate is used in which the metal rods of the BIPM structure are also mounted.
  • the number of rods in the x direction may be the same or different from the number of rods in the y direction.
  • the periodicity a x and y between the rods along the x or y directions may be identical, as in the described embodiments, or different.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
EP05818906A 2004-12-13 2005-11-24 Perfectionnement aux antennes a bandes interdites photoniques Expired - Fee Related EP1825565B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0452947A FR2879356A1 (fr) 2004-12-13 2004-12-13 Perfectionnement aux antennes a bandes interdites photoniques
PCT/FR2005/050985 WO2006064140A1 (fr) 2004-12-13 2005-11-24 Perfectionnement aux antennes a bandes interdites photoniques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1825565A1 EP1825565A1 (fr) 2007-08-29
EP1825565B1 true EP1825565B1 (fr) 2009-08-19

Family

ID=34955398

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05818906A Expired - Fee Related EP1825565B1 (fr) 2004-12-13 2005-11-24 Perfectionnement aux antennes a bandes interdites photoniques

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7719478B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1825565B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2008523676A (zh)
KR (1) KR20070086011A (zh)
CN (1) CN101073183A (zh)
DE (1) DE602005016147D1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2879356A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2006064140A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1239223A (en) * 1984-07-02 1988-07-12 Robert Milne Adaptive array antenna
US5689275A (en) * 1995-05-16 1997-11-18 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Electromagnetic antenna and transmission line utilizing photonic bandgap material
US6483640B1 (en) * 1997-04-08 2002-11-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Optical notch filters based on two-dimensional photonic band-gap materials
GB0015895D0 (en) * 2000-06-28 2000-08-23 Plasma Antennas Limited An antenna
US7117133B2 (en) * 2001-06-15 2006-10-03 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Photonic band gap structure simulator
FR2863109B1 (fr) * 2003-11-27 2006-05-19 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne a diagramme de rayonnement d'emission/reception configurable et orientable, station de base correspondante

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006064140A1 (fr) 2006-06-22
EP1825565A1 (fr) 2007-08-29
CN101073183A (zh) 2007-11-14
US7719478B2 (en) 2010-05-18
US20080191962A1 (en) 2008-08-14
FR2879356A1 (fr) 2006-06-16
KR20070086011A (ko) 2007-08-27
DE602005016147D1 (de) 2009-10-01
JP2008523676A (ja) 2008-07-03

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