EP1824616A4 - Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température de surchauffe d une chaudière - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température de surchauffe d une chaudière

Info

Publication number
EP1824616A4
EP1824616A4 EP04811327A EP04811327A EP1824616A4 EP 1824616 A4 EP1824616 A4 EP 1824616A4 EP 04811327 A EP04811327 A EP 04811327A EP 04811327 A EP04811327 A EP 04811327A EP 1824616 A4 EP1824616 A4 EP 1824616A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler
burner
steam
primary
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04811327A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1824616A1 (fr
Inventor
Dietrich M Gross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jupiter Oxygen Corp
Original Assignee
Jupiter Oxygen Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jupiter Oxygen Corp filed Critical Jupiter Oxygen Corp
Publication of EP1824616A1 publication Critical patent/EP1824616A1/fr
Publication of EP1824616A4 publication Critical patent/EP1824616A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
    • F22G1/02—Steam superheating characterised by heating method with heat supply by hot flue gases from the furnace of the steam boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/02—Applications of combustion-control devices, e.g. tangential-firing burners, tilting burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
    • F23L2900/07002—Injecting inert gas, other than steam or evaporated water, into the combustion chambers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns steam boilers designed or modified to operate with oxygen and fuel with the absence of normal combustion air and requires a superheated and or reheated steam temperature control employing an advanced method of controlling the superheat and or reheat temperature of steam in the boiler above the conventional combustion region. More particularly the present invention concerns a boiler having at least one additional burner using oxygen and fuel with the absence of normal combustion air in the convection area in order to boost heat and energy at the superheat and or the reheated areas and convection regions as may be required to maintain proper steam temperatures at the outlet of the steam boiler.
  • Power plants and or steam plants used by utility companies, industries and municipalities for, among other applications, the production of steam and electricity typically comprise small to giant boiler systems used to produce steam that can be fed to different processes and other applications as well as turbines which in turn run generators and other devices.
  • the boilers which generally have a basic design dating to the 19 th century, comprise myriad tubes with water circulating there through.
  • the boilers typically also include a burner or burners, fed by varieties of carbon based fuels, including fossil fuels, which are ignited and burn in the presence of air.
  • the burners and water tubes are in proximity to each other and the heat produced by the burner or burners heats the water within the tubes.
  • Hot water rises above the burner section of the boiler, as do the gases heated in the presence of the burners, such that the hot water continues to get hotter as it rises within the myriad tubes.
  • the tubes are under pressure, such that the water, which boils at about 100° C at atmospheric pressure, does not boil but only continues to get hotter.
  • Improvements to these boiler systems have included the inclusion of superheat and reheat areas, which provide a means for the temperature of the steam to be further escalated by passing the steam through superheat and reheat tubes placed in the fast flow of exhaust gases. These devices raise the temperature of the steam above its saturation point using the waste energy of combustion. It has been found that, above the benefits of steam having increased energy, superheated steam is dryer and'that dryer steam has fewer deleterious effects on turbine blades than steam having higher moisture content. Dry steam has been found to have more energy per volume than saturated steam.
  • boilers are designed such that more energy than needed is produced and this energy is attenuated by cooling the steam to the desired temperature.
  • air which is approximately 18 percent oxygen
  • the flow of the air must be increased to provide a stoichiometric proportion of oxygen to completely burn the fuel.
  • the use of air at high flow pressures caused hot gasses to flow rapidly from the burner region of the boiler up and throughout the height of the water tubes. As such, needed heat and energy are available to continue to heat and transfer energy to the water, and steam in superheaters, all the way up to the top of the boiler.
  • nitrogen oxide NOx
  • a boiler comprising at least one primary burner using oxygen and fuel with the absence of normal combustion air for initial heating of water, a collection of water tubes, each tube having a first end in proximity to the at least one primary burner and a second end spaced apart from the first end and in proximity to a boiler steam outlet is provided.
  • the boiler further can comprise a superheater and/or reheater in steam transfer connection with the steam outlet.
  • At least one secondary burner is provided above the typical burner position to produce more heat or energy to increase the temperature and quality of the steam in the boiler proper and in the superheat and/or reheat regions of the boiler.
  • an existing, prior art, boiler is modified to be fed substantially pure oxygen rather than pressurized air.
  • the modification of such a boiler includes the strategic placement of at least one secondary burner above the primary burner region to provide the needed heat and energy to produce desirable quantities and quality of steam.
  • the secondary burner whether in a modified prior-art system or a newly designed boiler, is fed with substantially pure oxygen.
  • the primary burner or burners, heats water flowing in the water tubes, causing the heated water to rise within the boiler.
  • the heated water flashes to steam in the steam outlet and the steam is transferred to the superheat device.
  • heat is added to the steam in the superheat area, raising the temperature of the steam above the saturation point.
  • the secondary burner provides added heat, permitting a more constant and consistent control over the heating of the steam. In this manner, appropriately heated steam is provided to a turbine, permitting the turbine to work in an efficient and proper way.
  • more than one secondary burner is provided, such that, when desired, the heat applied to the superheater elements is more carefully controllable.
  • the at least one secondary burner is supplemented by the at least one secondary burner to overcome the insufficient heat and energy.
  • the at least one secondary burners placed between the level of the primary burner(s) and the steam outlet, provides heat or energy to the water in the tubes, and to the steam in the superheat zone, to provide the energy lost through the use of low flow oxygen.
  • the secondary burner is fed with oxygen from an oxygen generation system in place of normal combustion air in a stoichiometric proportion with the fuel, such that green house gases are minimized.
  • oxygen from an oxygen generation system in place of normal combustion air in a stoichiometric proportion with the fuel, such that green house gases are minimized.
  • normal combustion air consisting of approximately 80% nitrogen consumes considerable heat, which is lost to exhaust
  • the use of oxygen from an oxygen generation system lessens the heat lost to exhaust and permits the heat of the burner to be applied to the superheater in a more efficient manner.
  • both the secondary and primary burners are fed with oxygen from an oxygen generation system in stoichiometric proportions.
  • the heated water flashes to steam, in the steam outlet, and the steam is transferred to the superheat device, where the secondary burner continues to provide the added heat and energy to increase the quality of steam produced.
  • Steam from the superheater can then be fed into the turbine.
  • steam is returned from the turbine to a reheat device, where it is again placed into the presence of the heat and energy provided both by the primary and secondary burners, and is again sent to the turbine.
  • convection currents raise the temperature of the steam above the saturation point producing desirable quantities and qualities of steam.
  • the secondary burner provides added heat or energy, permitting a more constant and consistent heating of the steam. In this manner, appropriately heated steam is provided to a turbine, permitting the turbine to work in an efficient and proper manner.
  • more than one secondary burner is provided, such that, when desired, the heat or energy applied to the superheater elements can be more carefully controlled.
  • a boiler of the present invention can be created so that it can produce greater heat or energy than needed.
  • cooling and other elements known to persons having skill in the art can be provided to bring, or attenuate, the steam to the desired heat and energy levels. It will be understood by persons having skill in the art that the use of cooling elements to produce steam having desired properties will be more effective than attempting to use heating elements, within a boiler, to heat steam to the desired levels.
  • the burners are used as nozzles or ports to control the superheat temperature of the steam by introducing recycled flue gasses.
  • the recycled flue gasses are most useful when incorporated with the use of oxygen and carbon based fuels, including fossil fuels, fired burners in the furnace section of the boiler. Due to the reduced volume of flue gasses from the combustion process and the higher radiation heat transfer from the process it may be beneficial to use recycled flue gas to control the temperature of the superheated steam.
  • the recycled flue gasses are used in controlling the steam temperature in the boiler by adding volume or tempering effects to the convective region of the boiler.
  • Another method of controlling super heated steam temperature is to introduce the recycled flue gas at the secondary burner tip.
  • Either all of a portion of the required flue gas tempering gasses can be introduced at the secondary burner tip by using the flue gasses as a carrier gas for the pulverized coal or other carbon based fuels, including fossil fuels. This again is in coordination with aspects of oxygen and carbon based fuel fired burners. With those systems it is desirable to negate any introduction of nitrogen.
  • recycled flue gas substantially no nitrogen if used products are from a oxygen and carbon based fuel combustion system
  • a system is able to achieve, once again, super heated steam temperature control.
  • another portion of flue gasses is introduced in the upper burners or nozzles to finalize control of the systems.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a boiler incorporating the device of the present invention.
  • a boiler 10 comprising a series of water tubes 12, which together comprise a water wall 13, is shown.
  • the boiler 10 further comprises at least one primary burner 14, located in primary burner zone 15 , connected to a source of fuel 16 and air 18.
  • substantially pure oxygen is provided instead of using air 18, which must be pumped into the boiler at an increased rate (so as to produce a stoichiometric ratio of fuel to oxygen in the burner). It will be understood that in the use of oxygen, the pressurized flow is not necessary as a stoichiometric proportion to the fuel can be more easily created. Such a system will require oxygen of only a purity such that the complete burning of the fuel is accomplished.
  • the water wall 13, in boiler 10, is comprised of a myriad of water tubes 13a extending from the primary burner zone 15 to the upper regions of the boiler 10.
  • Boiler 10 can further comprise a superheater 20 and/or reheater 21, of types well known in the art.
  • superheaters 20 are generally fed with steam that has been produced in the boiler 10, at a steam transfer area 22.
  • the steam passes within the superheater 20, and convection currents carry heat or energy from combustion, and heat and energy radiated from the water tubes 13a, on and about the superheater 20, heating the steam carried therein.
  • Reheaters 21 are typically fed with steam returning to the boiler from a turbine, that steam requiring further heating before it is returned to the turbine for additional use.
  • boiler 10 includes a secondary burner 24, which can be placed in locations above the typical burner zone 15 of a boiler 10 and below the steam transfer area 22.
  • at least one secondary burner 24 is placed in the superheat area 26.
  • secondary burners 24 are located in numerous locations about the boiler 10 such that control of heat or energy can be more properly made.
  • secondary burners 24 can be considerably smaller than primary burners 14; while causing the production of greater quality and amounts of steam, in an oxygen environment, than a larger extra primary burner 14, placed in the primary burner zone 15. It will also be understood that the use of large primary-type burners 14 in both the primary burner zone and above, can be used without departing from the novel scope of the present invention. Further, the numbers of primary and secondary burners, 14 and 24, in the boiler 10 can be varied without departing from the novel scope of the present invention. The type and size and numbers of burners will depend on the application and the desired amount and quality of steam.
  • FIG 1 shows the use of one burner 24, it will be understood, from the description above, that one burner 24, or any number of burners 24, can be substituted without departing from the novel scope of the present invention. It will be understood that these variations can be made to aid in the control of the temperature such as by adding more heat or energy when it is required and permitting the use of less heat or energy as necessary or desired.
  • boiler steam can be produced in greater quantities and with greater heat than desired or needed and then cooled to the desired heat, energy and saturation point by using cooling means, such as devices permitting steam carrying conduits to come in contact with cooling waters, as is know to persons having skill in the art, without departing from the novel scope of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention concentrate on controlling the temperature of the super heated steam by adding or subtracting heat in the convective passes of a boiler. More particularly the use of tempering flue gas or augmented flue gas volumes in the superheat region of the boiler can be beneficial when used in conjunction with oxygen and carbon based fuel combustion systems.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)

Abstract

Chaudière (10) conçue ou mise en conformité avec les normes d’émissions pour produire moins de gaz à effet de serre en utilisant une atmosphère d’oxygène pratiquement pur dans celle-ci pour brûler du combustible. La chaudière comporte un brûleur principal (14) et des tubes d’eau (13a). La chaudière comprend en outre au moins un brûleur secondaire (24) localisé selon le besoin dans une zone (26) située au-dessus de l’aire du brûleur principal (15) et en dessous de la sortie de vapeur d’eau de la chaudière. Le brûleur secondaire apporte de la chaleur ou de l’énergie pour accroître la température et la qualité de la vapeur d’eau. Le brûleur secondaire fournit la chaleur ou l’énergie perdue par l’intermédiaire du débit réduit des gaz de rejet à travers la chaudière en conséquence de l’utilisation d’oxygène plutôt que d’air sous pression.
EP04811327A 2004-11-12 2004-11-12 Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température de surchauffe d une chaudière Withdrawn EP1824616A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2004/038580 WO2006054990A1 (fr) 2004-11-12 2004-11-12 Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température de surchauffe d’une chaudière

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1824616A1 EP1824616A1 (fr) 2007-08-29
EP1824616A4 true EP1824616A4 (fr) 2009-07-29

Family

ID=36407435

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04811327A Withdrawn EP1824616A4 (fr) 2004-11-12 2004-11-12 Dispositif et procédé pour réguler la température de surchauffe d une chaudière

Country Status (14)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1824616A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008519958A (fr)
CN (1) CN101056719A (fr)
AP (1) AP2007004007A0 (fr)
AU (1) AU2004325009A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0419159A (fr)
CA (1) CA2587260A1 (fr)
CR (1) CR9179A (fr)
EA (1) EA010344B1 (fr)
IL (1) IL183127A0 (fr)
MX (1) MX2007005686A (fr)
NO (1) NO20072447L (fr)
TN (1) TNSN07182A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006054990A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9353945B2 (en) * 2008-09-11 2016-05-31 Jupiter Oxygen Corporation Oxy-fuel combustion system with closed loop flame temperature control
US8316784B2 (en) 2008-09-26 2012-11-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Oxy/fuel combustion system with minimized flue gas recirculation
US20100077945A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Convective section combustion
US8555796B2 (en) * 2008-09-26 2013-10-15 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process temperature control in oxy/fuel combustion system
EP2180252B1 (fr) * 2008-10-24 2016-03-23 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Procédé pour l'injection de ballast dans une chaudière à oxycombustion
JP5331648B2 (ja) * 2009-10-22 2013-10-30 株式会社日立製作所 微粉炭ボイラの改造方法
JP6655947B2 (ja) * 2015-11-02 2020-03-04 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 バーナユニットの改造方法、バーナユニット及びボイラ

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5078064A (en) * 1990-12-07 1992-01-07 Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. Apparatus and method of lowering NOx emissions using diffusion processes
US6206685B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-03-27 Ge Energy And Environmental Research Corporation Method for reducing NOx in combustion flue gas using metal-containing additives
US20020185043A1 (en) * 1999-06-10 2002-12-12 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for operating a boiler using oxygen-enriched oxidants
US20030099912A1 (en) * 2001-01-11 2003-05-29 Hisashi Kobayashi Enhancing SNCR-aided combustion with oxygen addition

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5626085A (en) * 1995-12-26 1997-05-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Control of staged combustion, low NOx firing systems with single or multiple levels of overfire air
DE19717158C2 (de) * 1997-04-23 1999-11-11 Siemens Ag Durchlaufdampferzeuger und Verfahren zum Anfahren eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5078064A (en) * 1990-12-07 1992-01-07 Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. Apparatus and method of lowering NOx emissions using diffusion processes
US5078064B1 (en) * 1990-12-07 1999-05-18 Gas Res Inst Apparatus and method of lowering no emissions using diffusion processes
US20020185043A1 (en) * 1999-06-10 2002-12-12 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for operating a boiler using oxygen-enriched oxidants
US6206685B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-03-27 Ge Energy And Environmental Research Corporation Method for reducing NOx in combustion flue gas using metal-containing additives
US20030099912A1 (en) * 2001-01-11 2003-05-29 Hisashi Kobayashi Enhancing SNCR-aided combustion with oxygen addition

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2006054990A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0419159A (pt) 2007-12-11
TNSN07182A1 (en) 2008-11-21
AU2004325009A1 (en) 2006-05-26
EP1824616A1 (fr) 2007-08-29
WO2006054990A1 (fr) 2006-05-26
CR9179A (es) 2007-10-31
EA200701019A1 (ru) 2007-10-26
EA010344B1 (ru) 2008-08-29
CN101056719A (zh) 2007-10-17
JP2008519958A (ja) 2008-06-12
IL183127A0 (en) 2007-09-20
CA2587260A1 (fr) 2006-05-26
MX2007005686A (es) 2007-07-13
AP2007004007A0 (en) 2007-06-30
NO20072447L (no) 2007-08-09

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