EP1817388A1 - Motor vehicle sliding roof comprising an appearance and a structural parts - Google Patents

Motor vehicle sliding roof comprising an appearance and a structural parts

Info

Publication number
EP1817388A1
EP1817388A1 EP05809284A EP05809284A EP1817388A1 EP 1817388 A1 EP1817388 A1 EP 1817388A1 EP 05809284 A EP05809284 A EP 05809284A EP 05809284 A EP05809284 A EP 05809284A EP 1817388 A1 EP1817388 A1 EP 1817388A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening according
polyolefin
adhesive
skin
young
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05809284A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
François Virelizier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Plastic Omnium SE
Original Assignee
Plastic Omnium SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plastic Omnium SE filed Critical Plastic Omnium SE
Publication of EP1817388A1 publication Critical patent/EP1817388A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/545—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles one hollow-preform being placed inside the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73111—Thermal expansion coefficient
    • B29C66/73112—Thermal expansion coefficient of different thermal expansion coefficient, i.e. the thermal expansion coefficient of one of the parts to be joined being different from the thermal expansion coefficient of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
    • B62D27/02—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units rigid
    • B62D27/026—Connections by glue bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • B62D29/048—Connections therefor, e.g. joints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2423/00—Presence of polyolefin
    • C09J2423/006—Presence of polyolefin in the substrate

Definitions

  • Opening of a motor vehicle comprising an aspect part and a structural part
  • the invention relates to the opening of a motor vehicle made of plastic, consisting of an assembly of a part of appearance and a piece of structure.
  • tailgates consisting of an assembly, an intermediate metal frame, an outer panel, or outer skin, PCPBT plastic (marketed under the brand Xenoy by General Electric Plastics) and an inner panel forming a structural part in the form of a box, for example of thermosetting material BMC (BuIk Molding Compound), the two panels being joined by a bead of adhesive of at most 1 mm thick.
  • BMC BuIk Molding Compound
  • the two plastic panels have coefficients of thermal expansion (also called CLTE: linear coefficient of thermal expansion) very different (that of the outer skin being between 4 and 10 times greater than that of the structural part), this which causes, in case of temperature rise of the opening, particularly during the sun and heat tests, significant tensions on the adhesive bead.
  • CLTE linear coefficient of thermal expansion
  • the adhesive bead then deforms insufficiently to absorb the geometrical offsets generated by the expansions, which forms marks on the least rigid piece, that is to say having the lowest Young's modulus.
  • the elasticity of the adhesive bead also referred to as remanence, is not sufficient for it to resume its initial shape after cooling, so that the appearance of the assembly of the two panels is degraded by the return of dilation that occurs during cooling. Linear marks are observed at the cord in the least rigid part, the outer skin.
  • the invention aims to provide an opening comprising an outer polyolefin panel and a structure panel joined by gluing, without this bond does not create visible defects on the outer panel
  • the subject of the invention is an opening comprising an appearance part consisting of an outer polyolefin skin and a structural part having a coefficient of expansion. less than that of the skin, the two parts being joined by a bead of adhesive deposited on one side of one of the two parts facing one side of the other part, the adhesive having:
  • the adhesive bead having, after bonding, a nominal (or average) thickness of between 0.8 and 3 mm (millimeters). Thanks to the combination of these different characteristics of the adhesive, it is possible to bond a polyolefin panel and a panel made of a more rigid material, without the fact that the expansion of the bonded polyolefin causes traces to its surface.
  • the structural part is preferably made of a composite material, comprising a resin and an additive.
  • This part may be a thermosetting material, in particular a polyester particularly suitable for the automotive field, the BMC (BuIk Molding).
  • the structural part may also consist of a reinforced thermoplastic, in particular a polypropylene filled with glass fibers, of the PPGFL type. In this case, it is preferable that the thermoplastic part is further reinforced by sheet metal inserts.
  • the polyolefin skin is preferably polypropylene or polyethylene. It generally contains between 10% and 50% by weight, preferably between 20% and 40% by weight, of talc.
  • An opening according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features.
  • the adhesive has a purely elastic elongation over at least 50% of its elongation at break.
  • the adhesive bead has a nominal width of less than 25 mm.
  • the polyolefin has an expansion coefficient of between 20 ⁇ 10 6 and 60 ⁇ 10 6 mm / mm 2 K, and preferably between 30 ⁇ 10 6 and 45 ⁇ 10 6 mm / mm / K.
  • the polyolefin is devoid of anti-UV additives. Indeed, it has been observed that, surprisingly, adhesion of the adhesive was greatly improved if such additives are removed in the composition of the polyolefin.
  • the polyolefin contains between 10% and 50% by weight of elastomeric fillers, for example of the EPDM type.
  • the polyolefin has a Young's modulus of between 1000 and 2500 MPa, preferably greater than 1500 MPa.
  • the structural part and the skin have a Young's modulus TS (Young's modulus of the structural part) / TP (Young's modulus of the skin) ratio of between 3 and 15, which reflects the fact that that the structural part is more rigid than the skin.
  • the coefficient of expansion of the outer skin is more than 1, 5 times greater than that of the structural part.
  • the Young's modulus of the adhesive is between 0.5 and 10 MPa.
  • the nominal thickness of the adhesive bead after bonding is between 1, 5 and 2 mm. -
  • the nominal width of the adhesive bead after bonding is less than 12 mm.
  • the nominal thickness of the polyolefin skin to the right of the adhesive bead is between 1, 5 and 4 mm.
  • the structural part comprises a reinforcement, fixed in a conventional manner or overmolded.
  • the invention particularly relates to a rear opening, in particular a tailgate or a trunk door.
  • a tailgate 10 of a motor vehicle consists of an outer skin 12 of polyolefin and a structural part 14, joined by a bead of glue.
  • the structural part 14 comprises a glass fiber-filled polypropylene panel 16, called PPGF, approximately 3 mm thick, to which is added a fiberglass fabric (not shown), marketed under the trademark Twintex, and a insert 18 sheet metal serving as reinforcement.
  • the insert 18 is made of extruded steel and shaped so as to frame the panel 16. It is attached to a stamped portion (not shown) of the latter in a conventional manner, for example by screwing. Alternatively, insert 18 could have it is overmolded on the panel 16. It also serves as a hinge support.
  • the PPGF to which the fabric is added has a Young's modulus of 10,000 MPa, and an expansion coefficient of 3.20 ⁇ 10 -5 mm / mm / K.
  • the outer skin 12 is made of polypropylene loaded with 20 to 30% by weight of talc, Young's modulus of 1800 MPa, and expansion coefficient of 6.10 5 mm / mm / K. It contains between 10% and 50% by weight of elastomeric fillers, for example of the EPDM type, and is devoid of anti-UV additives.
  • the skin 12 has an average thickness of 3.2 mm (millimeters).
  • the panel 16 has an expansion coefficient almost 2 times smaller than the skin 12. Its Young's modulus is more than 5 times greater than that of the skin 12.
  • the skin 12 is polypropylene commercial reference DTF3800.00SU from the company DOW Plastics.
  • the structural part is a panel made of thermosetting material, namely a BMC such as that sold under the brand AMC 3600 (Adapted Molding Compound) by the French company MCR.
  • This structural part may not include reinforcement.
  • UAMC has a Young's modulus of 13,000 MPa, and a coefficient of expansion of 1.70 ⁇ 10 -5 mm / mm / K.
  • the structural piece has a Young's modulus more than 7 times that of the skin, and a coefficient of expansion more than 3 times smaller than that of the skin.
  • the two pieces are joined by two beads of adhesive (not shown) deposited on one side of one, opposite one face of the other piece, on the periphery of one of the panels 12, 16, and on the periphery of the rear window.
  • the adhesive has an elongation at break of 400%, a purely elastic elongation over 50% of its elongation at break, and a Young's modulus of 5 MPa.
  • the nominal thickness (after gluing) of the adhesive bead is 2mm (it varies between 1 and 3mm), its nominal width is 10mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor vehicle sliding roof (10) comprising an appearance part consisting of a polyolefin external skin (12) and a structural part (14) whose expansion factor is less than the skin expansion factor, wherein said two parts are connected by a glue strip applied to the face of one of two parts oppositely to the other part face. Said glue exhibits a breaking elongation ranging from 20 to 800 %, a purely elastic elongation on the part of the breaking elongation thereof and a Young modulus ranging from 0.5 to 300 MPa. The glue strip nominal thickness ranges from 0.8 to 3 mm after adhesive bonding.

Description

Ouvrant de véhicule automobile comprenant une pièce d'aspect et une pièce de structureOpening of a motor vehicle comprising an aspect part and a structural part
Domaine technique L'invention concerne les ouvrants de véhicule automobile en matière plastique, constitués d'un assemblage d'une pièce d'aspect et d'une pièce de structure..TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the opening of a motor vehicle made of plastic, consisting of an assembly of a part of appearance and a piece of structure.
Etat de la techniqueState of the art
Sont connus des ouvrants, notamment des hayons, constitués d'un assemblage, d'un cadre métallique intermédiaire, d'un panneau extérieur, ou peau extérieure, en matière plastique PCPBT (commercialisé sous Ia marque Xenoy par la société General Electric Plastics) et d'un panneau intérieur formant une pièce de structure sous forme d'un caisson, par exemple en matériau thermodurcissable BMC (BuIk Moulding Compound), les deux panneaux étant réunis par un cordon de colle d'au plus 1 mm d'épaisseur.Are known opening, including tailgates, consisting of an assembly, an intermediate metal frame, an outer panel, or outer skin, PCPBT plastic (marketed under the brand Xenoy by General Electric Plastics) and an inner panel forming a structural part in the form of a box, for example of thermosetting material BMC (BuIk Molding Compound), the two panels being joined by a bead of adhesive of at most 1 mm thick.
Problème posé par cet état de la techniqueProblem posed by this state of the art
Les deux panneaux en matière plastique ont des coefficients de dilatation thermique (également désigné CLTE : coefficient linéaire d'expansion thermique) très différents (celui de la peau extérieure étant entre 4 et 10 fois plus important que celui de la pièce de structure), ce qui provoque, en cas d'élévation de température de l'ouvrant, notamment lors des tests d'ensoleillement et de chaleur, des tensions importantes sur Ie cordon de colle. Le cordon de colle se déforme alors insuffisamment pour absorber les décalages géométriques engendrés par les dilatations, ce qui forme des marques sur la pièce la moins rigide, c'est-à-dire ayant le module d'Young le plus faible. Inversement, l'élasticité du cordon de colle, également désigné rémanence, n'est pas suffisante pour qu'il reprenne sa forme initiale après refroidissement, de sorte que l'aspect de l'assemblage des deux panneaux se trouve dégradé par le retour de dilatation qui se produit pendant le refroidissement. On observe alors des marques linéaires au droit du cordon dans la pièce la moins rigide, la peau extérieure. L'invention vise à fournir un ouvrant comprenant un panneau extérieur en polyoléfine et un panneau de structure réunis par collage, sans pour autant que ce collage ne crée de défauts visibles sur le panneau extérieur.The two plastic panels have coefficients of thermal expansion (also called CLTE: linear coefficient of thermal expansion) very different (that of the outer skin being between 4 and 10 times greater than that of the structural part), this which causes, in case of temperature rise of the opening, particularly during the sun and heat tests, significant tensions on the adhesive bead. The adhesive bead then deforms insufficiently to absorb the geometrical offsets generated by the expansions, which forms marks on the least rigid piece, that is to say having the lowest Young's modulus. Conversely, the elasticity of the adhesive bead, also referred to as remanence, is not sufficient for it to resume its initial shape after cooling, so that the appearance of the assembly of the two panels is degraded by the return of dilation that occurs during cooling. Linear marks are observed at the cord in the least rigid part, the outer skin. The invention aims to provide an opening comprising an outer polyolefin panel and a structure panel joined by gluing, without this bond does not create visible defects on the outer panel.
Solution proposée par l'invention L'invention a pour objet un ouvrant comprenant une pièce d'aspect constituée par une peau extérieure en polyoléfine et une pièce de structure ayant un coefficient de dilatation inférieur à celui de la peau, les deux pièces étant réunies par un cordon de colle déposé sur une face d'une des deux pièces en regard d'une face de l'autre pièce, la colle présentant :Solution Provided by the Invention The subject of the invention is an opening comprising an appearance part consisting of an outer polyolefin skin and a structural part having a coefficient of expansion. less than that of the skin, the two parts being joined by a bead of adhesive deposited on one side of one of the two parts facing one side of the other part, the adhesive having:
- un allongement à la rupture compris entre 20% et 800%, - un allongement purement élastique sur une partie de son allongement à la rupture,an elongation at break of between 20% and 800%, a purely elastic elongation over part of its elongation at break,
- un module d'Young compris entre 0,5 et 300 MPa, et le cordon de colle présentant, après collage, une épaisseur nominale (ou moyenne) comprise entre 0,8 et 3 mm (millimètres). Grâce à la combinaison de ces différentes caractéristiques de la colle, on peut réaliser le collage d'un panneau en polyoléfine et d'un panneau réalisé en un matériau plus rigide, sans pour autant que la dilatation de la polyoléfine collée ne cause de traces à sa surface.a Young's modulus of between 0.5 and 300 MPa, and the adhesive bead having, after bonding, a nominal (or average) thickness of between 0.8 and 3 mm (millimeters). Thanks to the combination of these different characteristics of the adhesive, it is possible to bond a polyolefin panel and a panel made of a more rigid material, without the fact that the expansion of the bonded polyolefin causes traces to its surface.
La pièce de structure est de préférence réalisée en un matériau composite, comprenant une résine et un additif, Cette pièce peut être un thermodurcissable, en particulier un polyester particulièrement adapté au domaine automobile, le BMC (BuIk MouldingThe structural part is preferably made of a composite material, comprising a resin and an additive. This part may be a thermosetting material, in particular a polyester particularly suitable for the automotive field, the BMC (BuIk Molding).
Compound) ou le SMC (Sheet Moulding Compound). La pièce de structure peut également être constituée d'un thermoplastique renforcé, notamment d'un polypropylène chargé en fibres de verre, du type PPGFL. Dans ce cas, il est préférable que la pièce thermoplastique soit en outre renforcée par des inserts en tôle. La peau en polyoléfine est de préférence en polypropylène, ou bien en polyéthylène. Elle contient généralement entre 10% et 50% en poids, de préférence entre 20% et 40% en poids, de talc.Compound) or the SMC (Sheet Molding Compound). The structural part may also consist of a reinforced thermoplastic, in particular a polypropylene filled with glass fibers, of the PPGFL type. In this case, it is preferable that the thermoplastic part is further reinforced by sheet metal inserts. The polyolefin skin is preferably polypropylene or polyethylene. It generally contains between 10% and 50% by weight, preferably between 20% and 40% by weight, of talc.
Un ouvrant selon l'invention peut en outre comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes. - La colle présente un allongement purement élastique sur au moins 50 % de son allongement à la rupture. Le cordon de colle présente une largeur nominale inférieure à 25 mm.An opening according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features. The adhesive has a purely elastic elongation over at least 50% of its elongation at break. The adhesive bead has a nominal width of less than 25 mm.
- La polyoléfine a un coefficient de dilatation compris entre 20.10'6 et 60.106 mm/mm/K, et de préférence entre 30.10'6 et 45.10'6 mm/mm/K. - La polyoléfine est dépourvue d'additifs anti-UV. En effet, on a remarqué que, de façon surprenante, l'adhérence de la colle était fortement améliorée si de tels additifs sont supprimés dans la composition de la polyoléfine.The polyolefin has an expansion coefficient of between 20 × 10 6 and 60 × 10 6 mm / mm 2 K, and preferably between 30 × 10 6 and 45 × 10 6 mm / mm / K. The polyolefin is devoid of anti-UV additives. Indeed, it has been observed that, surprisingly, adhesion of the adhesive was greatly improved if such additives are removed in the composition of the polyolefin.
- La polyoléfine contient entre 10% et 50% en poids de charges élastomériques, par exemple de type EPDM. - La polyoléfine a un module d'Young compris entre 1000 et 2500 MPa, de préférence supérieur à 1500 MPa.The polyolefin contains between 10% and 50% by weight of elastomeric fillers, for example of the EPDM type. The polyolefin has a Young's modulus of between 1000 and 2500 MPa, preferably greater than 1500 MPa.
- La pièce de structure et la peau ont un rapport de modules d'Young TS(module d'Young de la pièce de structure)/TP(module d'Young de la peau) compris entre 3 et 15, ce qui traduit le fait que la pièce de structure est plus rigide que la peau.The structural part and the skin have a Young's modulus TS (Young's modulus of the structural part) / TP (Young's modulus of the skin) ratio of between 3 and 15, which reflects the fact that that the structural part is more rigid than the skin.
Le coefficient de dilatation de la peau extérieure est plus de 1 ,5 fois supérieur à celui de la pièce de structure. Ainsi, même avec une peau qui se dilate considérablement par rapport à la pièce de structure, l'utilisation d'un cordon de colle conformément à l'invention ne crée pas de trace extérieure sur la peau après les sollicitations thermiques.The coefficient of expansion of the outer skin is more than 1, 5 times greater than that of the structural part. Thus, even with a skin that expands considerably compared to the structural part, the use of a bead of adhesive according to the invention does not create an external trace on the skin after the thermal stresses.
- Le module d'Young de la colle est compris entre 0,5 et 10 MPa. L'épaisseur nominale du cordon de colle après collage est comprise entre 1 ,5 et 2 mm. - La largeur nominale du cordon de colle après collage est inférieure à 12 mm.The Young's modulus of the adhesive is between 0.5 and 10 MPa. The nominal thickness of the adhesive bead after bonding is between 1, 5 and 2 mm. - The nominal width of the adhesive bead after bonding is less than 12 mm.
- L'épaisseur nominale de la peau en polyoléfine au droit du cordon de colle est comprise entre 1 ,5 et 4 mm.- The nominal thickness of the polyolefin skin to the right of the adhesive bead is between 1, 5 and 4 mm.
La pièce de structure comprend un renfort, fixé de façon classique ou surmoulé.The structural part comprises a reinforcement, fixed in a conventional manner or overmolded.
L'invention concerne en particulier un ouvrant arrière, notamment un hayon ou une porte de coffre.The invention particularly relates to a rear opening, in particular a tailgate or a trunk door.
Modes de réalisation particuliers L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description ci-dessous données uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant à la figure unique représentant une vue éclatée schématique d'un ouvrant selon l'invention.Particular embodiments The invention will be better understood on reading the description given below solely by way of example and with reference to the single figure showing a schematic exploded view of an opening according to the invention.
Un hayon arrière 10 de véhicule automobile selon l'invention est constitué d'une peau extérieure 12 en polyoléfine et d'une pièce de structure 14, réunies par un cordon de colle.A tailgate 10 of a motor vehicle according to the invention consists of an outer skin 12 of polyolefin and a structural part 14, joined by a bead of glue.
La pièce de structure 14 comprend un panneau 16 en polypropylène chargé en fibres de verre, appelé PPGF, d'environ 3mm d'épaisseur, auquel est rajouté un tissu de fibres de verre (non représenté), commercialisé sous la marque Twintex, et un insert 18 en tôle servant de renfort. L'insert 18 est réalisé en acier extrudé et mis en forme de façon à encadrer le panneau 16. Il est fixé à une partie emboutie (non représentée) de ce dernier de façon classique, par exemple par vissage. De façon alternative, l'insert 18 aurait pu être surmoulé sur le panneau 16. Il sert en outre de support de charnières. Le PPGF auquel est rajouté le tissu a un module d'Young de 10 000 Mpa, et un coefficient de dilatation de 3,20.10'5 mm/mm/K. La peau extérieure 12 est réalisée en polypropylène chargé de 20 à 30 % en poids de talc, de module d'Young de 1 800 Mpa, et de coefficient de dilatation de 6.105 mm/mm/K. Elle contient entre 10% et 50% en poids, de charges élastomériques, par exemple de type EPDM, et est dépourvue d'additifs anti-UV. La peau 12 a une épaisseur moyenne de 3,2 mm (millimètres). Le panneau 16 a un coefficient de dilatation presque 2 fois plus petit que la peau 12. Son module d'Young est plus de 5 fois supérieur à celui de la peau 12.The structural part 14 comprises a glass fiber-filled polypropylene panel 16, called PPGF, approximately 3 mm thick, to which is added a fiberglass fabric (not shown), marketed under the trademark Twintex, and a insert 18 sheet metal serving as reinforcement. The insert 18 is made of extruded steel and shaped so as to frame the panel 16. It is attached to a stamped portion (not shown) of the latter in a conventional manner, for example by screwing. Alternatively, insert 18 could have it is overmolded on the panel 16. It also serves as a hinge support. The PPGF to which the fabric is added has a Young's modulus of 10,000 MPa, and an expansion coefficient of 3.20 × 10 -5 mm / mm / K. The outer skin 12 is made of polypropylene loaded with 20 to 30% by weight of talc, Young's modulus of 1800 MPa, and expansion coefficient of 6.10 5 mm / mm / K. It contains between 10% and 50% by weight of elastomeric fillers, for example of the EPDM type, and is devoid of anti-UV additives. The skin 12 has an average thickness of 3.2 mm (millimeters). The panel 16 has an expansion coefficient almost 2 times smaller than the skin 12. Its Young's modulus is more than 5 times greater than that of the skin 12.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la peau 12 est en polypropylène de référence commerciale DTF3800.00SU de la société DOW Plastics.According to another embodiment, the skin 12 is polypropylene commercial reference DTF3800.00SU from the company DOW Plastics.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, la pièce de structure est un panneau réalisé en matériau thermodurcissable, à savoir un BMC tel que celui commercialisé sous la marque AMC 3600 (Adapted Moulding Compound) par la société française MCR. Cette pièce de structure peut ne pas comporter de renfort. UAMC a un module d'Young de 13 000 Mpa, et un coefficient de dilatation de 1.70.10'5 mm/mm/K. Dans ce cas, la pièce de structure a un module d'Young plus de 7 fois supérieur à celui de la peau, et un coefficient de dilatation plus de 3 fois plus petit que celui de la peau. Les deux pièces sont réunies par deux cordons de colle (non représenté) déposé sur une face de l'une, en regard d'une face de l'autre pièce, en périphérie de l'un des panneaux 12, 16, ainsi qu'en périphérie de la lunette arrière. La colle présente un allongement à la rupture de 400%, un allongement purement élastique sur 50 % de son allongement à la rupture, et un module d'Young de 5 Mpa. L'épaisseur nominale (après collage) du cordon de colle est de 2mm (elle varie entre 1 et 3mm), sa largeur nominale est de 10mm. According to another embodiment not shown, the structural part is a panel made of thermosetting material, namely a BMC such as that sold under the brand AMC 3600 (Adapted Molding Compound) by the French company MCR. This structural part may not include reinforcement. UAMC has a Young's modulus of 13,000 MPa, and a coefficient of expansion of 1.70 × 10 -5 mm / mm / K. In this case, the structural piece has a Young's modulus more than 7 times that of the skin, and a coefficient of expansion more than 3 times smaller than that of the skin. The two pieces are joined by two beads of adhesive (not shown) deposited on one side of one, opposite one face of the other piece, on the periphery of one of the panels 12, 16, and on the periphery of the rear window. The adhesive has an elongation at break of 400%, a purely elastic elongation over 50% of its elongation at break, and a Young's modulus of 5 MPa. The nominal thickness (after gluing) of the adhesive bead is 2mm (it varies between 1 and 3mm), its nominal width is 10mm.

Claims

REVEND1CATIONS REVEND1CATIONS
1. Ouvrant (10) de véhicule automobile, comprenant une pièce d'aspect constituée par une peau extérieure (12) en polyoléfine et une pièce de structure (14) ayant un coefficient de dilatation inférieur à celui de la peau, les deux pièces étant réunies par un cordon de colle déposé sur une face d'une des deux pièces en regard d'une face de l'autre pièce, caractérisé en ce que la colle présente :Motor vehicle opening (10) comprising a component part consisting of an outer skin (12) of polyolefin and a structural part (14) having a coefficient of expansion less than that of the skin, the two parts being joined by a bead of adhesive deposited on one side of one of the two parts opposite one face of the other part, characterized in that the adhesive has:
- un allongement à la rupture compris entre 20% et 800%,an elongation at break of between 20% and 800%,
- un allongement purement élastique sur une partie de son allongement à la rupture,a purely elastic elongation over part of its elongation at break,
- un module d'Young compris entre 0,5 et 300 MPa, et en ce que le cordon de colle présente, après collage, une épaisseur nominale comprise entre 0,8 et 3 mm.- A Young's modulus between 0.5 and 300 MPa, and in that the adhesive bead has, after bonding, a nominal thickness of between 0.8 and 3 mm.
2. Ouvrant selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel la pièce de structure est réalisée en polymère thermodurcissable, notamment en BMC (BuIk Moulding Compound).2. Opening according to claim 1, wherein the structural part is made of thermosetting polymer, including BMC (BuIk Molding Compound).
3. Ouvrant selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel la pièce de structure est réalisée en polymère thermoplastique renforcé, notamment en polypropylène chargé en fibres de verre comprenant une feuille de fibres de verre.3. Opening according to claim 1, wherein the structural part is made of reinforced thermoplastic polymer, in particular polypropylene filled with glass fibers comprising a sheet of glass fibers.
4. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la polyoléfine est un polypropylène.4. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polyolefin is a polypropylene.
5. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la polyoléfine a un coefficient de dilatation compris entre 20.10'6 et 60.10'6 mm/mm/K, et de préférence entre 30.106 et 45.10"6 mm/mm/K.Opening according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the polyolefin has an expansion coefficient of between 20 × 10 6 and 60 × 10 6 mm / mm 2 K, and preferably between 30 × 10 6 and 45 × 10 -6 mm. mm / K.
6. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la polyoléfine contient entre 10% et 50% en poids, de préférence entre 20% et 40% en poids, de talc.6. A door according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polyolefin contains between 10% and 50% by weight, preferably between 20% and 40% by weight, of talc.
7. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la polyoléfine est dépourvue d'additifs anti-UV.7. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polyolefin is devoid of anti-UV additives.
8. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel la polyoléfine contient entre 10% et 50% en poids de charges élastomériques, par exemple de type EPDM.8. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polyolefin contains between 10% and 50% by weight of elastomeric fillers, for example of the EPDM type.
9. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel la polyoléfine a un module d'Young compris entre 1000 et 2500 MPa, de préférence supérieur à 1500 MPa. 9. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the polyolefin has a Young's modulus of between 1000 and 2500 MPa, preferably greater than 1500 MPa.
10. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel la pièce de structure et la peau ont un rapport de modules d'Young TS(module d'Young de la pièce de structure)/TP(module d'Young de la peau) compris entre 3 et 15.10. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the structural part and the skin have a Young's modulus ratio TS (Young's modulus of the structural part) / TP (Young's modulus of the skin) between 3 and 15.
11. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel le coefficient de dilatation de la peau extérieure est plus de 1 ,5 fois supérieur à celui de la pièce de structure.11. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the coefficient of expansion of the outer skin is more than 1, 5 times greater than that of the structural part.
12. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 , dans lequel le module d'Young de la colle est compris entre 0,5 et 10 MPa.12. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the Young's modulus of the adhesive is between 0.5 and 10 MPa.
13. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel l'épaisseur nominale du cordon de colle après collage est comprise entre 1 ,5 et 2 mm.13. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the nominal thickness of the adhesive bead after bonding is between 1, 5 and 2 mm.
14. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, dans lequel la largeur nominale du cordon de colle après collage est inférieure à 25 mm, de préférence inférieure à 12 mm.14. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the nominal width of the adhesive bead after bonding is less than 25 mm, preferably less than 12 mm.
15. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, dans lequel l'épaisseur nominale de la peau en polyoléfine au droit du cordon de colle est comprise entre 1 ,5 et 4 mm.15. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the nominal thickness of the polyolefin skin to the right of the bead of adhesive is between 1, 5 and 4 mm.
16. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, dans lequel la colle présente un allongement purement élastique sur au moins 50 % de son allongement à la rupture.16. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the adhesive has a purely elastic elongation over at least 50% of its elongation at break.
17. Ouvrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, dans lequel la pièce de structure comprend un renfort (18), fixé ou surmoulé.17. Opening according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the structural part comprises a reinforcement (18), fixed or overmolded.
18. Ouvrant arrière de véhicule automobile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, notamment hayon ou porte de coffre. 18. rear door of a motor vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 15, including tailgate or trunk door.
EP05809284A 2004-10-15 2005-10-17 Motor vehicle sliding roof comprising an appearance and a structural parts Withdrawn EP1817388A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0410974A FR2876621B1 (en) 2004-10-15 2004-10-15 ASSEMBLY OF TWO ASPECT PARTS HAVING EACH VISIBLE FACE, ONE IN POLYOLEFIN, THE OTHER IN A THERMOSETTING AND OPENING POLYMER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE FORMED BY SUCH AN ASSEMBLY
PCT/FR2005/002567 WO2006042956A1 (en) 2004-10-15 2005-10-17 Motor vehicle sliding roof comprising an appearance and a structural parts

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EP1817388A1 true EP1817388A1 (en) 2007-08-15

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FR2876621B1 (en) 2007-12-21
US20060131926A1 (en) 2006-06-22

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