EP1805420A1 - Treibmittel-vakuumpumpe - Google Patents
Treibmittel-vakuumpumpeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1805420A1 EP1805420A1 EP05803340A EP05803340A EP1805420A1 EP 1805420 A1 EP1805420 A1 EP 1805420A1 EP 05803340 A EP05803340 A EP 05803340A EP 05803340 A EP05803340 A EP 05803340A EP 1805420 A1 EP1805420 A1 EP 1805420A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum pump
- propellant
- pump according
- propellant vacuum
- nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010053648 Vascular occlusion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F9/00—Diffusion pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B19/00—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00
- F04B19/006—Micropumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
- F04F5/20—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids for evacuating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a miniaturized propellant vacuum pump, which uses a preferably structured by microsystem technologies planar nozzle and pump wall geometry and a gelei nes propellant for vacuum generation. It is characterized by simple manufacturability, small size and thus good integration possibilities, e.g. in mobile systems, operating in a pressure range from about one atmosphere to a few pascals, high suction power and position-independent function.
- Sorption pumps, condensers, cryopumps and propellant pump are suitable for use within a certain pressure range; to generate a prespecified pressure, it may be necessary to operate several of these pumps in succession.
- the size of these conventional vacuum pumps in their smallest designs is still in the range of a few tens of cubic centimeters. Therefore, these pumps can not be usefully integrated into systems with micro-assemblies (eg sensors).
- micro-assemblies eg sensors.
- miniaturized analyzers which require a vacuum or a constant gas flow for their function is therefore closely linked to the development of suitable micro-gas pumps.
- Micro-pumps use different physical or chemical principles to create a pumping action (see: Nam-Trung Nguyen, Xiaoyang Huang, Toh Kok Chuan, MEMS).
- Micropumps A Review, Transactions of the ASME, Vol. 124 (June 2002), 384-392; P. Woias, Micropumps - summarizing the first two decades, Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4560 (2001), 39-52). Many of the systems implemented in this way are limited in their application to liquid media; only some are suitable for pumping gases or vacuum generation.
- pumps without mechanical parts can be used, which are based on the principle of the Knudsen compressor (thermal transpiration, thermal molecular press): between two voids of different temperature, which are connected via a channel with a small cross-sectional area are, creates a Druckdiffe ⁇ rence, which can be exploited to generate a pumping effect ng.
- Knudsen compressor thermal transpiration, thermal molecular press
- a disadvantage is the relatively komp lit structure and the high space requirement of such systems, due to the constraint due to the low achieved compression ratio, many such pumps in series to operate to produce the desired Saug ⁇ performance and pressure difference (see: RM Young, Analysis of a micromachine based vacuum pump on a chip actuated by the thermal transpiration effect, J. Vac., See Technol.
- the micro-pump according to the invention uses the functional principle of the propellant pumps described in DIN 28 400, Part 2, which is based on the fact that a rapidly flowing vaporous or liquid propellant expands through a nozzle.
- the gas particles in the recipient to be evacuated get into this propellant jet; Here, they receive an impulse in the pumping direction through collisions with the propellant molecules.
- a special position among the propellant pumps adopts the D onfumpe on which, in contrast to the other Strahlpu mpen the mixing process of themaschinemitteis with the gas to be pumped does not take place in a turbulent boundary layer, but by diffusion of the gas in the propellant jet.
- Figure 1 Figure 1
- the pumping principle is exemplified for all propellant pumps by the structure of a diffusion pump:
- a suitable propellant e.g., silicone oil
- the heater 11 In the bedding compartment 12, a suitable propellant (e.g., silicone oil) is heated by the heater 11; the resulting propellant vapor
- the propellant vapor jet 17 condenses on the cooled walls of the pump body 16 and is returned to the reservoir 12.
- the gas molecules retain their momentum and enter the steam jet of the next lower nozzle stage.
- the gas is discharged via the Vorvakuumstutzen 13 by means of a backing pump.
- the pumped gas will increase from level to level
- the novelty of the invention lies in the implementation of the principle in miniaturized, preferably in a microsystem adequate planar shape. This results in exploiting the miniaturization of a number of other advantages.
- This is at the
- Propellant vacuum pump consisting of an evaporator chamber at high pressure and a pumping chamber at low pressure, separated ge by a nozzle arrangement, provided that the pumping effect by a flow at high speed by a preferably planar arrangement of vertically verlau ⁇ in depth fenden nozzles between two parallel plates is achieved, which close the chambers through the nozzle area. Furthermore, an opening in the pumping chamber above the nozzle arrangement for sucking the medium to be pumped and an opening for expelling the compressed gas below the nozzle arrangement are provided.
- a planar nozzle arrangement of e.g. One or two Laval nozzles per nozzle stage is used to expand a pressurized liquid, gas or vapor propellant and optionally accelerate to supersonic speed. As a result, the nozzle flow can reach supersonic speed.
- the propellant vacuum pump can be used even at high pressures from about one atmosphere due to the small dimensions. By selecting the number of mutually arranged nozzles and da ⁇ with pressure levels high compression ratios can be achieved. - -
- the working pressure range can be varied over wide ranges.
- the blowing agent used is a condensable medium or a gaseous medium.
- a liquid is used as the propellant, wherein in one embodiment the liquid propellant is vaporized in a heater arranged in the evaporator chamber in the form of an electrically heated coil. Alternatively, the propellant is already introduced in gaseous form into the evaporator chamber.
- the increased pressure of the propellant within the nozzle assembly can be achieved either by suitable measures outside the micro-pump or in vaporous propellant with a heater integrated in the pump and evaporator of a liquid.
- the scaling of the dimensions of the pump up to the range of the free path length of the gas molecules in the respective pressure range makes it possible to operate in a pressure range from about one atmosphere to several pascals.
- a particulate filter can be integrated. Such a filter can also be used or integrated in the inlet and outlet at the inlet and outlet of the evaporator chamber.
- Blowing agents are condensed on the pump walls and possibly returned to the integrated in the pump heater. There it is again vaporized and thus transferred into a propellant circuit in order to allow a closed and externally supplied with energy for the heater system.
- the vacuum pump is additionally provided with a cooling of the outer wall of the pump chamber.
- the condensation of the vaporous blowing agent may e.g. via ducts or cooling fins provided in the walls, which are filled with a liquid or a gas or air and remove the heat from the side walls used for the condensation; Alternatively, Peltier elements can also be used for this purpose.
- a pressure measurement is integrated.
- several pressure sensors can be integrated into the pump. These pressure sensors can be mounted in the pump chamber on the high-vacuum side and the fore-vacuum side, as well as in the evaporator chamber, and can also detect the differential pressure between the measurement points mentioned above by means of suitable control measures.
- a pressure sensor can be used, for example, as a pressure sensor.
- a system based on the Pirani principle which measures the pressure-dependent thermal conductivity of the surrounding medium (see: Wutz, Adam, Walcher, Theory and Practice of Vacuum Technology, Viehau Verlag Braunschweig, 5th Edition (1992); Mastrangelo Muller,
- a flow measurement based on, for example, the intake manifold (intake region) and / or the outlet may be provided. carried out on a realized in micro system technology Schudraht270.
- the structure of the invention consists, for example, of three substrates, of which the middle contains the nozzle structures and extends through one _ _
- high thermal conductivity is characterized in order to facilitate the vapors of a liquid propellant and the condensation.
- the system or the medium vacuum vacuum is made up of three substrates, the middle substrate of which, because of its good heat conduction, mechanical and chemical stability and structurability, is a silicon, preferably structured with anisotropic plasma etching, and the silicon Both sides closing substrates preferably made of anodic bonded glass because of its low thermal conductivity.
- a us a galvanisch if the middle substrate because of its good heat conduction, a us a galvanisch.
- Metallstruk ⁇ tur consists, preferably galvanically grown on a Unte ⁇ Ren glass substrate and an upper glass substrate as Verschl uss.
- the two outer substrates may contain required connection channels and, if necessary, as a carrier for the Dru ck or to be integrated
- Flow sensors serve and close the evaporator chamber and the pump room.
- substrates silicon, preferably anisotropically structured, and borosilicate glass can serve as well as galvanically deposited metal structures and glass substrates or else because of their good chemical and mechanical stability
- Injection molding produced structures and polymer substrates.
- the propellant vacuum pump according to the invention is preferably closed with polymer substrates, and the nozzle arrangement is also closed by means of e.g. produced by injection molding
- the small size of the micro-propellant pump produces the following advantages:
- the invention can be used as a pump for existing or future-developed miniaturized systems, without unnecessarily increasing their design.
- micro-propellant pump can be used by its small internal dimensions from a pressure of about one atmosphere and sen depending on the design with several Dü senstu ⁇ and a suitable propellant reach a final pressure of up to a few pascals.
- the micro-propellant pump consists of a silicon substrate structured by plasma etching and two borosilicate glass substrates anodically bonded thereon as cover at the top and bottom, one of which has access from outside into the evaporator chamber for the external supply of a drug.
- FIG. 2 Such a system is shown by way of example in FIG. 2 (FIG. 2).
- a vaporous blowing agent is expelled, which expands through the nozzles 5 and impulses the gas molecules on the high-vacuum side 6 or in one transmits via a channel 7 connected volume.
- the propellant condenses on the water-cooled side walls of the pump 3 and the pumped gas molecules pass through the pre-vacuum side 2 and the outlet 1 from the micropump.
- the side length of the system is about 15 mm.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004053006A DE102004053006A1 (de) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Treibmittelpumpe in Mikrosystemtechnik |
| PCT/EP2005/011660 WO2006045634A1 (de) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-31 | Treibmittel-vakuumpumpe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1805420A1 true EP1805420A1 (de) | 2007-07-11 |
| EP1805420B1 EP1805420B1 (de) | 2010-07-07 |
Family
ID=35538743
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05803340A Expired - Lifetime EP1805420B1 (de) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-31 | Treibmittel-vakuumpumpe |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080075613A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1805420B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE473374T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102004053006A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006045634A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6119566B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2017-04-26 | 株式会社デンソー | エジェクタ |
| US10037869B2 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2018-07-31 | Lam Research Corporation | Plasma processing devices having multi-port valve assemblies |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3310227A (en) * | 1965-04-12 | 1967-03-21 | Milleron Norman | Surge and backstreaming porous diaphragm filter for vacuum system |
| US3275221A (en) * | 1965-05-27 | 1966-09-27 | Varian Associates | Automatic high vacuum system |
| US4251713A (en) * | 1978-04-21 | 1981-02-17 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Electric heater assembly for diffusion pumps |
| US5038852A (en) * | 1986-02-25 | 1991-08-13 | Cetus Corporation | Apparatus and method for performing automated amplification of nucleic acid sequences and assays using heating and cooling steps |
| SU1742526A1 (ru) * | 1990-03-14 | 1992-06-23 | Научно-производственное объединение "Вакууммашприбор" | Пароструйный вакуумный насос |
| DE69106240T2 (de) * | 1990-07-02 | 1995-05-11 | Seiko Epson Corp | Mikropumpe und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mikropumpe. |
| US5347876A (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 1994-09-20 | Gas Research Institute | Gas flowmeter using thermal time-of-flight principle |
| US6743636B2 (en) * | 2001-05-24 | 2004-06-01 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Microfluid driving device |
| DE20120138U1 (de) * | 2001-12-12 | 2002-02-28 | Festo AG & Co, 73734 Esslingen | Vakuumerzeugervorrichtung |
| US7367781B2 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2008-05-06 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Packaged micromachined device such as a vacuum micropump, device having a micromachined sealed electrical interconnect and device having a suspended micromachined bonding pad |
-
2004
- 2004-10-29 DE DE102004053006A patent/DE102004053006A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-10-31 WO PCT/EP2005/011660 patent/WO2006045634A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-10-31 AT AT05803340T patent/ATE473374T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-31 EP EP05803340A patent/EP1805420B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-10-31 DE DE502005009877T patent/DE502005009877D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2007
- 2007-04-27 US US11/796,505 patent/US20080075613A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006045634A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE502005009877D1 (de) | 2010-08-19 |
| ATE473374T1 (de) | 2010-07-15 |
| DE102004053006A1 (de) | 2006-05-04 |
| US20080075613A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
| WO2006045634A1 (de) | 2006-05-04 |
| EP1805420B1 (de) | 2010-07-07 |
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