EP1798319A1 - Verfahren zur Erhöhung eines Textilmaterialstreifens, damit verbundene Vorrichtung und daraus gewonnener Textilmaterialstreifen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Erhöhung eines Textilmaterialstreifens, damit verbundene Vorrichtung und daraus gewonnener Textilmaterialstreifen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1798319A1
EP1798319A1 EP06126344A EP06126344A EP1798319A1 EP 1798319 A1 EP1798319 A1 EP 1798319A1 EP 06126344 A EP06126344 A EP 06126344A EP 06126344 A EP06126344 A EP 06126344A EP 1798319 A1 EP1798319 A1 EP 1798319A1
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Prior art keywords
strip
fibers
pressure
waves
crimps
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Granted
Application number
EP06126344A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1798319B1 (de
Inventor
Sergio Zamattio
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • D01G99/005—Conditioning of textile fibre during treatment before spinning
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G19/00—Combing machines
    • D01G19/06—Details
    • D01G19/30—Heating arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a method, and the relative device, to treat the tops of wool fibers, or strips of cotton fibers, and more generally strips of discontinuous fibers of animal or vegetable origin, or strips of discontinuous synthetic or artificial fibers, said strips consisting of 100% pure fibers or in a mix.
  • the treatment according to the invention provides to impart waves or crimps longitudinally to the individual discontinuous fibers that make up the tops or strips, in order to increase the voluminosity of the strips and the cohesion of the individual fibers that make up the strips.
  • This increased voluminosity for example during the drawing and spinning step, gives greater resilience to the fibers, and also more extensive and efficient points of contact and of bonding between them.
  • the invention also concerns the tops or strips obtained using said method.
  • the type of "crimping" is generally identified by the following two parameters:
  • the spiral form of the fiber has the same effect as the crimp in the cases defined above, whereas other fibers such as hemp or linen by their nature have undulations, fragmentations and roughness of the surface which in a certain way supply a cohesive effect to the mass of fibers during working.
  • the individual fibers progressively lose this natural characteristic. Because of this, the fibers arrive at the most important step of the process, that is, spinning, practically no longer with any crimps, and hence with an extremely low cohesion and with a very low resistance to the unwinding tension.
  • the reels of rove that are fed to the spinning machine have the problem that the strip breaks up during the unwinding step, which entails false drawing with negative repercussions on the quality (yarn with fine segments followed by thick segments), a great number of breakages during spinning, stoppage of the spindles, loss of production, great number of workforce required and smaller yield of material.
  • the loss of or reduction in crimps in the fibers entails a general difficulty in all the working steps and a loss of fibers during the passes, in the form of waste.
  • Purpose of the present invention is therefore to subject the strip or top of fibers to a treatment, at least upstream of the spinning step, and in any case at least after a step of carding and/or drawing and/or combing, which allows to obtain yarns with a better and more regular internal structure, and with a greater volume and bulk.
  • Another purpose is to obtain a more regular working performance and with a higher production both in the step of regularization and preparation for spinning and also in the specific spinning step, thanks to the reduced number of torsions necessary to obtain a yarn with analogous characteristics and with a lower number of breakages per 1000 spindles/hour.
  • Another purpose is to obtain yarns with a greater volume from which to obtain fabrics, whether of the knitwear type or shuttle made, which have a greater covering and insulating power with weaves having a smaller number of yarns per cm.
  • Another purpose is to obtain, for the concepts expressed above, considerable savings during both the spinning and weaving processes.
  • the method provides to impart to the tops or strips of fibers, natural or mixed, a bulking treatment, understood as an increase in volume due to the waves or crimps imparted longitudinally to the discontinuous fibers, and of limited length, for example 30-70 mm in the field of cotton and 50-220 mm in the field of wool, and greater lengths for other kind of fibers, such as linen, ramie and hemp, that make up the strip or top.
  • a bulking treatment understood as an increase in volume due to the waves or crimps imparted longitudinally to the discontinuous fibers, and of limited length, for example 30-70 mm in the field of cotton and 50-220 mm in the field of wool, and greater lengths for other kind of fibers, such as linen, ramie and hemp, that make up the strip or top.
  • the treatment is performed upstream of the spinning step, and downstream at least of a step of carding and/or combing and/or drawing to which said discontinuous fibers are subjected, that is, at a point in the production process where the fibers have already suffered all the stresses due to previous working and therefore are particularly weak, and have lost, due to the repeated drawing and rubbing suffered, a large part of the crimping that they originally had.
  • the crimping treatment consists, in a first step, of making deformable the individual fibers that make up the strip or top, through an action of heating and/or humidifying and, in a second step, causing the subsequent folding thereof by means of an action of compression, without generating structural weakening or breakages. Thanks to this two-step treatment, an undulating structure of the fibers is obtained, properly called "crimping".
  • the undulations can be made with the desired pitch and height.
  • the first step of "thermoplastic" deformation of the fibers can be obtained, according to one embodiment of the invention, by delivering steam directly onto the fibers, or by means of hot air and/or pulverized or nebulized water. More generally, the deformation effect can be obtained using any fluid or liquid which is a vehicle of heat energy and/or in any case has a plasticizing action on said discontinuous fibers that constitute the top or strip being treated, even at low temperatures.
  • the second step of crimping proper provides to send the top or strip of fibers inside a substantially closed chamber where it is subjected to a combined action of pressure and counter-pressure; thanks to the fact that the top or strip is in a substantially softened condition of plastic or thermoplastic deformability, the action of pressure and counter-pressure imparts the desired waves or undulations to the individual fibers that make up the strip in transit.
  • the crimping chamber is substantially closed and pressurized steam is introduced inside it, which has the double purpose of making the fibers thermoplastic and of fixing at high temperature the new "undulating" structure of the fibers.
  • a rapid cooling and stabilization zone is provided, suitable to fix in a stable and lasting manner the waves and undulations distributed longitudinally on the discontinuous fibers that make up the strip or top.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a form of embodiment of a crimping device 10 for tops or strips of wool, cotton, natural, artificial, synthetic discontinuous fibers and possible mixes thereof according to the invention.
  • a strip 11 is fed by means of the aid of a pair of feed calenders 12 into a heating and/or humidifying chamber 13 into which steam 14 is injected, in blade form from 2 ⁇ 3 bar or more to atmospheric pressure.
  • the steam 14 hits and penetrates the fibers of the strip 11, heating and humidifying the mass of fibers which make up the strip 11 being treated.
  • the strip 11 At exit from the heating and humidifying chamber 13 the strip 11 has a temperature and humidity such as to cause the fibers of which it consists to soften.
  • a temperature and humidity such as to cause the fibers of which it consists to soften.
  • the strip 11 is inserted between a pair of drawing and pressure rollers 17, or crimping rollers, which compress it and send it to a substantially closed crimping chamber 18.
  • a counter-pressure element consisting in this case of a mobile bar 21, described in more detail hereafter. Due to the contrasting pressure exerted by the mobile bar 21, which contrasts the advance of the strip 11, due to the temperature of the fiber and the humidity absorbed, the discontinuous fibers that make up the strip 11 transiting inside the crimping chamber 18 are deformed, assuming the characteristic form of crimp or wave desired.
  • the crimping chamber 18 has substantially the same width as the crimping rollers 17; the size is defined according to the type of material, the size and/or count of the strip 11 of fibers to be treated.
  • the ratio between the width of the crimping rollers and the count of the strip to be treated is about 0.8 ⁇ 1 mm per 1 g/m of weight of the strip; the inlet gap L is equal to about 0.6 ⁇ 0.8 per 1 g/m of weight of the strip, and may be divergent in the direction of movement of the material, whereas the length "P" is a function of L and of the diameter of the crimping rollers.
  • the length P is defined as the distance between the point O of contact between the crimping rollers 17 and the start of the crimping chamber 18 proper, and represents the segment in which the so-called "primary crimp" 19 is formed on the individual fibers.
  • the inlet gap L of the crimping chamber 18 determines the entity of the "secondary crimp" 20.
  • the "primary crimp" 19 proper represents the crimp that is imparted to the individual fibers proper, while the “secondary crimp” 20 consists of the folds imparted to the strip 11 in its entirety inside the crimping chamber 18 and defines the level of compactation of the strip 11.
  • the value of the inlet gap L determines by how much the crimping chamber 18 can be inserted nearer the point O where the strip enters inside the crimping zone. This allows to define the entity of the segment "P” and hence to define the way the "primary crimps" 19 are formed, their “pitch”, their “height” and their regularity and uniformity according to the counter-pressure exerted by the mobile bar 21.
  • the segment "P” represents, as we said, the zone where the "primary crimp” 19 is formed on the individual fibers.
  • the value of the inlet gap L determines the formation of the "secondary crimp" 20, that is, how the strip 11 is disposed inside the crimping chamber 18 and how the strip 11, understood as “overall mass of fibers", is compacted.
  • a high degree of compactation of the strip 11 is suitable to increase the quantity of material contained in the containers for subsequent workings, or to increase the quantity of strip in the packs, such as reels and bumps, destined for packing for dispatch or for storage.
  • the mobile bar 21 by means of the action of a piston 22, exerts a force of counter-pressure, advantageously adjustable, contrary to the direction of feed of the strip 11 in the crimping chamber 18.
  • the pressure exerted by the mobile bar 21 is overcome by the thrust action of the crimping rollers 17, thus generating a compression on the individual fibers which make up the strip 11, which causes the crimping.
  • steam is introduced, in blade form from a pressure of 2 ⁇ 3 bar or more according to necessity, to atmospheric pressure.
  • the steam introduced apart from facilitating the thermoplastic deformability of the fibers, improves the formation of the crimps and stabilizes the new structure of the fibers.
  • a rapid cooling zone 23 created by means of an action of forced aspiration which acts in the last segment of the crimping chamber 18.
  • the forced aspiration is obtained by the action of an aspirator 24 through holes 50 made on the walls of the last segment of the crimping chamber 18.
  • the forced aspiration causes a thermal shock which fixes the new structure of the fibers comprising the waves and undulations.
  • the thermal shock can be increased by cooling the air, which passes through the strip 11 due to the aspiration created by the aspirator 24, by means of a suitable cooler.
  • the strip 11, crimped and stabilized, is discharged by a conveyor belt 25 to the point where it is collected.
  • the conveyor belt 25 has a speed such as to unwind regularly the crimped strip 11 from the cooling zone 23 without causing any drawing.
  • the process is advantageously effected at a lower temperature, about 40°C-60°C (even lower, if necessary), exploiting the plasticizing effect of the steam, the humidity or pulverized water.
  • the crimping is imparted by the action of two heated crimping rollers 117 with the circumferential surfaces having grooves 42 between which the strip 11 passes, comes into contact with them and is lightly pressed between them.
  • the grooved rollers 117 act with a slight pressure, advantageously adjustable, on the strip of fibers 11 previously treated in the heating and/or humidifying chamber 13; the strip 11 is super-fed by a first pair of calenders 15 to the crimping rollers 117 so as to impress and/or "print" the grooves on the fibers of the strip 11 without tension and allow the individual fibers to follow a greater segment of circumference, being compressed between the grooves 42, without suffering any drawing whatsoever.
  • the step of cooling and stabilizing the new form of fibers is obtained in a zone immediately downstream of the crimping rollers 117, on which a negative drawing acts between the crimping rollers 117 and a second pair of deviation calenders 32 between which the strip 11 is conveyed by means of a guide 31.
  • the super-feed imparted to the strip 11 by the first pair of calenders 15 with respect to the crimping rollers 117, and the negative drawing, understood as greater speed of the crimping rollers 117 with respect to the second deviation calenders 32, are both a function of the "crimping rate" which is to be imparted to the fibers of the strip 11 being treated.
  • the fibers fed to the crimping rollers 117 must be in such a quantity as to travel over the profile of the grooves 42 without suffering false drawing, since the fiber is in a thermoplastic state; in the same way, the detachment of the crimped fibers from the crimping rollers must occur without false drawings which, in the opposite case, would cause a lengthening of the pitch "p", and the consequent reduction in the height "h” of the crimp with a decrease in the value of the crimping index and rate.
  • the rollers 117 in correspondence with the grooves 42 the rollers 117 have apertures from which steam can be sent onto the strip of fibers in order to improve the formation of the waves and promote a more rapid stabilization thereof.
  • the collection unit 29 by means of a deposit system 37, the crimped strip 11 is deposited inside a container with a mobile bottom 38, thrust in this case by a pre-loaded spring 28, which allows to collect the crimped strip 11 in a regular and uniform manner.
  • the container 38 When filling is complete, the container 38 is discharged and is ready for transfer to subsequent workings.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically another form of embodiment of the crimping device 10 according to the invention.
  • one or more strips 11 of wool, cotton or fiber in general is taken from one or more containers 49 and fed, by means of the feed calenders 15 and the deviation calenders 33, to the heating and/or humidifying chamber 13, where it is taken to the ideal conditions of temperature and humidity for the fibers that make up the strip 11 for the crimping step.
  • the crimping chamber 18 comprises a first upper heating and fixing zone 34, into which a heating and/or humidifying fluid is injected, a zone 35 of counter-pressure exerted by the mobile bar 21 by means of the pressure piston 22, and a cooling and stabilization zone 23 obtained by means of the depression exerted by the aspirator 13 and a possible cooling.
  • the strip 11, by means of the conveyor belt 25, is removed from the crimping chamber 18 and sent to the collection unit 29.
  • the collection unit 29 by means of another pair of introduction calenders 36 and the deposit system 37, the crimped strip 11 is deposited inside the container with the mobile bottom 38, thrust by the pre-loaded spring 28.
  • the device described schematically in fig. 3 can represent a unit of a multiple machine consisting of a series of identical units, in such a number as to satisfy the productive necessities required.
  • the crimping device 10 is inserted downstream, at exit from a drawing frame with combs or disks 113 of the type for wool, and upstream of the collection unit 29 of the drawing frame, in order to form an integrated machine.
  • a certain number of strips of wool or tops of fibers in general of the wool type is coupled, drawn and regularized by means of said head with combs or disks 113 and, at outlet from the drawing unit, through a pair of deviation calenders and a conveyor funnel 16, in which the heating and/or humidifying fluid is inserted, the fibers that make up the strip or top are taken to a plastic state.
  • This application is advantageously applied in the step of preparing for spinning, since the crimping of the fibers is regenerated and increased in desired terms, in a step immediately upstream of the final spinning step, taking the greatest advantage therefrom in terms of workability of the fibers, working performance, productivity of the spinning machine, quality and volume of the yarn obtained.
  • a pneumatic pre-pressing piston can act, which allows to collect the crimped and stabilized strip 11 in a regular manner and with a slight pressure.
  • the container 38 can be transferred to a pressing and bonding unit 51 where, for example using a piston 52 and a counter-piston 53, it is possible to remove the strip 11, crimped and regularly packed in pressed spirals, from the container 38, in order to take it to the bonding step, performed by a bonding machine 54.
  • a pressing and bonding unit 51 where, for example using a piston 52 and a counter-piston 53, it is possible to remove the strip 11, crimped and regularly packed in pressed spirals, from the container 38, in order to take it to the bonding step, performed by a bonding machine 54.
  • the pack thus obtained is thus ready to be packed for dispatch and/or storage.
  • the pack consisting of the strip compacted in the crimping step, contains a quantity of strip 11 greater than an analogous pack consisting of a strip not subjected to the treatment.
  • This application is advantageously applied in the intermediate working step of the wool cycle, where the strips of wool are mixed and recombed so as then to be packed in reels and/or bumps and then baled for storage, transport and sale.
  • the strip thus treated with a crimping process transfers to the final user all the advantages of regeneration and increase in crimping of the individual fibers with better working performances and with a better quality and volume of the yarn obtained.
  • Fig. 5 shows another variant in which the crimping device 10 is inserted downstream of a drawing unit with cylinders 30 of a drawing frame for cotton and upstream of a collection unit 29.
  • the strips of cotton 11 or of fibers in general of cotton type are coupled and regularized by means of the drawing imparted to them by the drawing unit with cylinders 30.
  • the strip 11 is introduced into the crimping chamber 18 comprising the crimping rollers 17.
  • the strip 11 is cooled, stabilized and made up in cylindrical containers 38 by means of a collection unit 29 of a known type.
  • the strip thus treated is then fed to the subsequent working passes.
  • Fig. 6 shows some working steps typical of the wool field, and specifically:
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically the work cycles for cotton, specifically:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
EP06126344A 2005-12-19 2006-12-18 Verfahren zur Erhöhung eines Textilmaterialstreifens, damit verbundene Vorrichtung und daraus gewonnener Textilmaterialstreifen Not-in-force EP1798319B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000213A ITUD20050213A1 (it) 2005-12-19 2005-12-19 Procedimento per la voluminizzazione di un nastro di materiale tessile,relativo dispositivo e nastro di materiale tessile cosi' ottenuto

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1798319A1 true EP1798319A1 (de) 2007-06-20
EP1798319B1 EP1798319B1 (de) 2009-06-17

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EP06126344A Not-in-force EP1798319B1 (de) 2005-12-19 2006-12-18 Verfahren zur Erhöhung eines Textilmaterialstreifens, damit verbundene Vorrichtung und daraus gewonnener Textilmaterialstreifen

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1798319B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE434067T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602006007294D1 (de)
IT (1) ITUD20050213A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2180090A1 (de) * 2007-08-20 2010-04-28 Jiangsu Redbud Textile Technology Co., Ltd. Hanfgarn und mischspinnverfahren für hanf- und andere fasern und garn daraus
CN114746588A (zh) * 2019-09-25 2022-07-12 巴斯特纤维技术股份有限公司 韧皮纤维、由其制成的织物和相关的制造方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1029872A (en) * 1964-04-01 1966-05-18 Unisearch Ltd Method and apparatus for the treatment of fibres
US3785017A (en) * 1971-05-03 1974-01-15 Hoechst Ag T for the continuous crimp development of three-dimensionally crimped synthetic fibers and filaments
EP0108705A2 (de) * 1982-09-27 1984-05-16 Polymer Processing Research Institute Limited Vorrichtung zum Kräuseln von textilen Fasermaterialien
US4700538A (en) * 1984-08-17 1987-10-20 Carding Specialists Ltd Method and apparatus for handling a sliver
US4979274A (en) * 1989-04-18 1990-12-25 The Dow Chemical Company Process and apparatus for crimping fibers
DE4041719A1 (de) * 1990-12-24 1992-06-25 Schlafhorst & Co W Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines faserbandes
US20050246878A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for stuffer box crimping a multifilament yarn

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1029872A (en) * 1964-04-01 1966-05-18 Unisearch Ltd Method and apparatus for the treatment of fibres
US3785017A (en) * 1971-05-03 1974-01-15 Hoechst Ag T for the continuous crimp development of three-dimensionally crimped synthetic fibers and filaments
EP0108705A2 (de) * 1982-09-27 1984-05-16 Polymer Processing Research Institute Limited Vorrichtung zum Kräuseln von textilen Fasermaterialien
US4700538A (en) * 1984-08-17 1987-10-20 Carding Specialists Ltd Method and apparatus for handling a sliver
US4979274A (en) * 1989-04-18 1990-12-25 The Dow Chemical Company Process and apparatus for crimping fibers
DE4041719A1 (de) * 1990-12-24 1992-06-25 Schlafhorst & Co W Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines faserbandes
US20050246878A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for stuffer box crimping a multifilament yarn

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2180090A1 (de) * 2007-08-20 2010-04-28 Jiangsu Redbud Textile Technology Co., Ltd. Hanfgarn und mischspinnverfahren für hanf- und andere fasern und garn daraus
EP2180090A4 (de) * 2007-08-20 2012-05-30 Jiangsu Redbud Textile Tech Co Hanfgarn und mischspinnverfahren für hanf- und andere fasern und garn daraus
CN114746588A (zh) * 2019-09-25 2022-07-12 巴斯特纤维技术股份有限公司 韧皮纤维、由其制成的织物和相关的制造方法
EP4034698A4 (de) * 2019-09-25 2023-08-23 Bast Fibre Technologies Inc. Bastfasern, damit hergestellte gewebe und zugehöriges herstellungsverfahren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITUD20050213A1 (it) 2007-06-20
DE602006007294D1 (de) 2009-07-30
ATE434067T1 (de) 2009-07-15
EP1798319B1 (de) 2009-06-17

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