EP1798035A2 - Unit of a printing machine comprising several machine units with at least a component with an address - Google Patents

Abstract

The rotary printing process has computer [01] generated image data [02] transmitted to a raster image processor [03] with output stored in a memory [06]. The process is controlled and monitored by a separate computer [08] that is network coupled [09]. Data and control signals are transmitted to the multiple stages of a rotary printing machine system [18] that are identified by addresses defined in a table.

Description

Machine unit of a multiple machine units having printing machine with at least one component with an address

The invention relates to a machine unit of a printing machine having a plurality of machine units with at least one component having an address in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.

By the DE 42 14 394 A1 a drive device for a rotary printing machine is known, comprising at least one printing unit with a number of individually driven cylinders, their drives and drive controllers, wherein different cylinders each interact in a pressure point group; one or more separately driven folders, the groups of print groups being associated with the or one of the folders; a higher-level control with an operating and data processing unit which is connected to the pressure point groups via at least one bus; wherein the folder is data technically connected to the pressure point groups and provides a position reference to them; wherein the drives and drive controllers of the printing group are connected via a drive bus each with a drive control, which performs the fine adjustment of the drives and their positioning in relation to the folder and each other; wherein the drive controls of the printing groups are interconnected with each other and with the operating and data processing unit via a data bus.

The DE 101 40 861 A1 relates to a system for transmitting data to a first data network having first means for transmitting data in at least a first transmission cycle, the first transmission cycle being divided into a first real-time critical data transmission area and a second non-real-time data transmission area, and with a second data network with second Means for transmitting data in at least a second transmission cycle, wherein the second transmission cycle is divided into a third region for transmitting real-time critical data and a fourth region for transmitting non-real-time critical data, and with a coupling unit for transmitting real-time critical data of the first region in the third area, wherein the coupling unit z. B. is designed as a router.

By the DE 102 51 573 A1 an arrangement for rapid image data transmission in printing machines and a corresponding method is known, wherein memory units are connected by means of a bus system with both a trained as a data manager computer for intermediate buffering of an image data received from a RIP (raster image processor) and with the imaging unit for imaging, each Bebilderungseinheit each communicates with one of the storage units and reads the image data directly from the respective storage unit.

By the DE 100 01 211 A1 a method for generating raster data for imaging units of a printing machine is known in which raw image data into a plurality of sub-images, each corresponding to a printing ink decomposed, the partial images output to a plurality of raster processors according to the number of colors to be printed and the partial images by the Raster processors to raster data for the output to each one of the imaging units are processed simultaneously.

By the EP 1 559 549 A1 a multiple-cylinder printing press is known with a control unit, wherein the control unit arranged in the printing machine is connected via a LAN to a RIP (raster image processor), wherein the control unit generates RIP-generated print data of a plurality of print jobs at predetermined time intervals or at certain times is downloaded via the LAN in a memory of the control unit, wherein the individual print jobs are selectable on a connected to the control unit display device.

By the DE 103 53 870 A1 a system for digital imaging is known, wherein arranged in a printing machine, associated with a printing unit image processing unit includes a raster image processor (RIP) and a data buffer, wherein the image processing unit is connected to a prepress interface through which image data can get into the image processing unit.

By the US 2003/0048467 A1 For example, an imaging system known to a local area network, e.g. A LAN, or to a public network, e.g. As the Internet is connected.

By the EP 0 997 850 A1 is known, a raster image processor (RIP) z. In an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

By the DE 298 00 480 U1 a control system for a multi-functional units sheetfed offset printing machine is known, wherein the respective functional units associated computers are connected to each other via a real-time bus system for exchanging signals, each computer is coupled via a bus connection to the bus, the bus terminals are interface circuits, with their help Addresses present on the bus can be recognized by the associated computer.

By the DE 195 27 089 A1 a device for controlling a printing press, in particular a sheetfed offset printing press, known, said device consists of a plurality of computers, which are interconnected via a trained as a network bus system for signal exchange, wherein at least one of the computer has a non-volatile, rewritable memory, wherein the bus has an interface via which program parts and / or parameters can be addressed to at least one of the computers and into the associated non-volatile, rewritable memory can be written, which are connected via the interface of the bus connected to the bus computer from a state of normal machine operation in a second state in which the addressing of the computer and the subsequent transmission of programs and / or parameter data.

The invention has for its object to provide a machine unit of a plurality of machine units having printing machine with at least one component with an address, the machine unit is already independently before integration into a multiple machine units einbindendes communication system with respect to the communication capability of the addressable component testable and a high disposability with regard to this machine unit.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The achievable with the present invention consist in particular in that the machine unit are made self-sufficient and neutral in terms of the addresses of their components. No particular effort is required to manage the final addresses already obtained in the manufacture of the individual machine units of the printing press having a plurality of machine units, which are obtained the individual components of the respective machine units in the communication system incorporating the printing machine with all its machine units.

By integrating imaging devices together with decentralized raster processors into the communication system, a rasterization process can be carried out faster and as needed. The decision as to which print image is formed at which print image location of which forme cylinder can be postponed until shortly before the print job is executed, because there is no rigid assignment of specific image data to a specific print image location of a particular print job Form cylinder. Because each raster image processor rasterizes only a selected portion of the image data, the rasterization process is faster to perform than with a central raster image processor that performs the rasterization process on all portions of the image data. As a result, a flexible production of the printed product with an optional assignment z. B. of color separations to the forme cylinders of the printing press, so that a high availability exists with regard to the machine units involved in the manufacturing process, which is very advantageous especially in complex printing machines with multiple sections each with multiple machine units.

The raster data, which are generated for each color separation of a page of the printed product to be produced, are generated decentrally in the immediate vicinity of the imaging device; they can each be stored in a file in a storage device. This eliminates time-consuming error-prone loading processes of large amounts of data from the prepress to the imaging device in or at least on the printing press. Due to the decentralized rasterization, the raster data from not so extensive and thus over a network z. B. for electronic communication more easily transportable image data generated there, where they are needed. By buffering the raster data, a demolition of the extensive data stream to be transmitted during the imaging process can also be avoided and the rasterization process can be decoupled from the imaging process. Decentralized raster image processors have the advantage that they parallel the rasterization process, ie. H. can perform at the same time, which means a time advantage compared to just a single in the prepress centrally held raster image processor. The rasterization process can thus be carried out as required more quickly and in particular taking into account arrangement information or occupancy information relating to the print image location on the forme cylinder.

Moreover, it is advantageous to provide that one associated with a forme cylinder Imaging device at least one print image or printing form imaged, while another form cylinder of the same printing machine with at least one print image or printing form on a running from this printing machine, ongoing printing process is involved, which has a favorable effect on the achievable with this printing machine capacity and thus productivity. The concept of decentralized image data processing thus has the advantage that each machine unit of the printing press, with its printing units and its various control devices, forms an autonomous unit which can independently process and evaluate image data of a page to be produced from the prepress stage.

A communication system linking different networks together, in particular a network for transmitting image data to at least one imaging device having a network for controlling and / or monitoring a printing press and / or a network for communicating data to be processed in the prepress, enhanced by larger ones Transparency of the processes the communication between all parts of a company involved in the production of a printed product and helps to save a considerable amount of costs, which would otherwise for a multiple holding of signal lines and / or transmission lines and their interfaces.

Further advantages can be taken from the following detailed description.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

ein Bilddatenmanagementsystem mit einer zentralen Bilddatenverwaltung in einer Sterntopologie;

Fig. 2

ein Bilddatenmanagementsystem mit einer zentralen Bilddatenverwaltung in einer Linien- oder Ringtopologie;

Fig. 3

ein Bilddatenmanagementsystem mit einer zentralen Bilddatenverwaltung in einer Doppelsterntopologie;

Fig. 4

ein Bilddatenmanagementsystem mit einer lokalen Bilddatenverwaltung in einer Sterntopologie;

Fig. 5

ein Bilddatenmanagementsystem mit einem zentralen Fileserver in einer Sterntopologie;

Fig. 6

ein Beispiel für das Antriebsmanagement in einer Druckmaschine;

Fig. 7

ein Beispiel eines in das Steuerungsnetzwerk einbindbaren Falzapparates.

Show it:

Fig. 1

an image data management system having central image data management in a star topology;

Fig. 2

an image data management system having central image data management in a line or ring topology;

Fig. 3

an image data management system having central image data management in a binar topology;

Fig. 4

an image data management system with local image data management in a star topology;

Fig. 5

an image data management system having a central file server in a star topology;

Fig. 6

an example of drive management in a printing machine;

Fig. 7

an example of a folding machine that can be integrated in the control network.

FIGS. 1 to 3 each show an image data management system each with a central image data management but with a different topology of a network transmitting image data. Common to all the image data management systems shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is that in a computer 01 a pre-press preceding the actual printing process, image data 02 is in each case assigned to one preferably in several, e.g. B. in four different printing colors to be printed page, wherein the page to be printed text, graphics and / or at least one image and the image data 02 thus contain information on the content, color and design of the page to be printed. The image data 02 of a page of a printed product to be printed are combined in a file processable with methods of electronic data processing or in a telegram which can be transmitted via a transmission link. The prepress is Accordingly, a workspace in which a printed page of a printed product is optionally compiled and prepared, but at least provided for the subsequent printing process.

A printed product to be produced with the printing press consists i. d. R. from multiple printed pages, so that printed pages in a downstream of the actual printing process processing device, eg. B. in one of the printing machine associated folding apparatus, collected in accordance with a pre-defined in the prepress specification and summarized to the desired printed product. The amount of image data 02 corresponding to each of the pages to be printed is i. d. R. summarized in a single file, this file z. B. may well be several, in two or even three digits lying MB (megabytes). It is common today, such image data 02 z. Example in the form of a pixel-based TIFF file (Tagged Image File Format), in the form of a contour data coded postscript file or in the form of a file in a pixel and contour data structures combining pdf format (portable document format) for transmission to at least one in the editing process Subordinate computer to provide. Each of the pages to be printed can z. B. have a resolution of about 1200 dpi to 2400 dpi, so that results for each of the pages to be printed pages of the printed product, a file in the order of 1 GBit and more or significantly more than 100 MB. For a four-color printed page, the amount of data is then in the range of 400 MB and more. For a complete newspaper with several, z. B. 48 and more pages then results in a data volume in the range of several GB, their transmission over a network high demands on this image data 02 transmitting network.

Such downstream in the processing process computer 03 may, for. B. a raster image processor 03 (RIP) be, if necessary, the image data 02 from the prepress z. B. in a pixel-oriented data format, ie a bitmap format, wherein the raster image processor 03 (RIP) by arithmetic operations from the Image data 02 Raster data 04 generated. It can be provided that from the image data 02-either before they are forwarded to the raster image processor 03 (RIP) or in the raster image processor 03 (RIP) -the color separations assigned to the printing colors-also called color separations-are generated before their conversion into raster data 04. wherein each color separation generates a print image to be printed, wherein by a superposition of the belonging to a page print images of different color separations on a substrate, eg. B. a web or a sheet, which is produced in the printing process side. In four-color printing, the color separations C, M, Y and K associated with the four inks cyan, magenta, yellow and black are common. The raster image processor 03 (RIP) generates for each of the printing inks associated with the respective color separation raster data 04, wherein the respective one of the color separations raster data 04 each of the respective color separation with a printing unit of a printing press to be printed halftone dot at least in its size and to specify location. This specification of the halftone dots enlarges the file of the amount of image data 02 associated with the printed page of the printed product to a not inconsiderable extent. Instead of referring to the specification of the position and size of the raster point on the arrangement of the raster point on the substrate, the specification of the raster point can also refer to its arrangement relative to a form cylinder 12 involved in the printing process of the printing unit of a printing press, ie the specification indicates where the grid point z. B., taking into account the angular position of the forme cylinder 12 with respect to its lateral surface is to be arranged. This raster points are associated with their respective specification of a particular print image location in the printing press.

It is advantageous to store the raster data 04 generated by the raster image processor 03 (RIP) for each of the color separations belonging to a page to be produced preferably in each case in a file in a memory device 06 and to keep it available for retrieval. In the memory device 06, the raster data 04 can be whole Cached color separations or part of at least one color separation. The intermediate storage of the raster data 04 has the advantage that a demolition of the extensive data stream to be transmitted during the imaging process can be avoided. The computer 01 of the pre-press, the raster image processor 03 (RIP) and / or the memory device 06 can advantageously each be connected to a network 07 for, in particular, electronic communication of data to be processed in the prepress stage, wherein the image data associated with a page of the printed product to be printed 02 z. B. with the embedded in this network 07 computer 01 the prepress with at least one usual in office communication program, eg. As for word processing or graphic editing, are editable. Likewise, a computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing process exporting printing machine is preferably connected to this prepress network zuzuschnende network 07, wherein the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press preferably also with a network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press is connected, which can be coordinated via the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring of the printing press all required machine operations, wherein these machine operations z. As the control of the drives of the printing press and thus the angular position of the forme cylinder 12, an arrival or shutdown of the forme cylinder 12 cooperating with the respective form cylinders 12 transfer cylinder, a control of the forme cylinder 12 relative to a cutting the substrate and / or folding device or may include a control of an influencing the transport of the printing material in the printing process. The network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press will be explained in more detail later in connection with FIG. 6.

The computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press is z. B. as a belonging to the printing press console 08 or at least integrated in a press belonging to the control station 08 (Fig. 1 to 5). By the Data link of the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press to the computer 01 of the prepress, the raster image processor 03 (RIP) and / or the storage device 06, the raster data 04 generated for each of the color separations belonging to a page to be produced one with a print location be assigned corresponding printing image within the printing press, because the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring of the printing press has data z. B. to occupy the printing press belonging to the form cylinder 12, each having at least one printing form, wherein the printing form has at least one print image with a trainees at this print image place printed image, as well as the printing process, wherein the printing process data relating to information in particular with regard to the order of a page to be produced belonging Farbseparationen with respect to the transport direction of the printing material by the printing press. The data for the assignment of belonging to the printing press forme cylinder 12, each with at least one printing form are z. B. contained in an electronically held occupancy plan.

In most cases spatially separated from an area attributable to the pre-press, in which at least the computer 01 of the pre-press is located, there is an area to be assigned to the actual printing process, which is designed in particular as a machine room in which at least one printing machine executing the printing process is set up. The printing machine is preferably as a in the transport direction of the printing material successively belonging to a page to be printed images in several, z. B. formed in at least four different printing colors printing press. The printing machine is z. B. as a sheet-fed rotary printing press or as a web-fed rotary printing machine.

In the preferred embodiment, the printing press is designed as an offset web-fed rotary printing press, in particular as a newsprint printing press, in which preferably each page of the page to be produced Each printed matter is associated with a printed form, wherein the printing unit of this printing press prints in a conventional wet offset printing process or in a damp dry dry offset printing process printed images on the conveyed through this printing press substrate, wherein the substrate as a web, z. B. as a paper web is formed. The printing machine preferably simultaneously prints the material web on both sides during its passage through the printing machine, whereby corresponding printed images corresponding to the individual color separations of a page to be produced are printed one after the other in the transport direction of the material web.

Alternatively, the printing machine z. B. also be designed as a printing in a gravure printing press, wherein for the production of printed products of different sizes, in particular different length, forme cylinder 12 with different diameters in the printing machine are interchangeable. Depending on the used forme cylinder 12 then other devices involved in the printing process are to be adapted to the determined by the respective circumference of the forme cylinder 12 product length, z. B. is a cutting cylinder or a folding cylinder in a printing unit downstream folding in its respective angular position relative to the angular position of the forme cylinder 12 to adjust accordingly. In this case, an imaging device 13 executing the imaging of the forme cylinder 12 is also to be designed in such a way that a length-variable imaging can be carried out with it at least in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 12.

A further alternative embodiment of the printing press can provide that the printing process is pressure-formless, that is, executed without the use of an objectively formed printing form by printing on a printed image spot on a z. B. formed as a drum image carrier corresponding to the screen dots to be printed latent, z. B. electrostatic image is formed. A further embodiment of a pressure-free printing machine that executes the printing process can be that the imaging device 13 ink from a z. B. transmits cylindrically shaped ink carrier using the light hydraulic effect pixel by pixel on a substrate. Thus, a direct or an indirect printing method can be used.

The printing machine selected by way of example is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 in a very simplified manner and shows in each case only schematically z. B. two stacked to a back pressure tower printing units 11, z. B. H-printing units 11, each H-printing unit 11 each having a bridge printing unit and a U-printing unit, each bridge printing unit and each U-printing unit each consisting of two pairs of cylinders each consisting of a forme cylinder 12 and a transfer cylinder (not shown), wherein the transfer cylinders of different, but to the same bridge or U-printing unit belonging cylinder pairs are employed against each other, wherein the material web (not shown) passes vertically through each eight-pressure tower between the mutually employed transfer cylinders. But it can also be provided, in particular in newspaper printing customary printing unit arrangements, z. As a satellite arrangement, in particular a 9-satellite arrangement, wherein the centrally arranged, the four transfer cylinders common printing cylinder preferably a separate, independent from the drive of the transfer cylinder and / or respectively associated forme cylinder 12, with another drive not in positive or mechanical connection standing drive having. For reasons of clarity, only the forme cylinders 12 of each bridge or U-printing unit or 9-satellite arrangement are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.

Each form cylinder 12 of the printing press has in the preferred embodiment in its axial direction next to each other, for. B. four or six print image locations (not shown), with these print image locations z. B. on representational, each located on one of the forme cylinder 12 arranged printing plates, preferably on each printing plate in each case exactly one of these print image locations, wherein in Circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 12 each also several, z. B. two print image or printing forms can be arranged. So the printing machine z. B. formed as a so-called 6/2 printing press preferably for the newspaper printing, ie, each having six print image locations in the axial direction and two print image locations in the circumferential direction of each forme cylinder 12. At least a portion of the printing machine provided in the printing machine or arranged printing plates can, for. B. by a thermal, ablatives Bebilderungsverfahren described, preferably be rewritable trained. In particular, the printing plates can each be designed as process-free or process-free printing plates which do not require a chemical or "wet" development. At each print image location, a print image corresponding to one of the color separations can be formed from one of the pages to be produced, ie each of these print image locations has a print image corresponding to one of the pages to be produced, ie at each print machine selected as a function of the print product to be produced in this print machine Print image location is formed by means of at least one imaging device 13 with a corresponding to the halftone dots to be printed image. Preferably, all of the printing image locations or arranged printing forms provided in the printing machine are inline, ie imageable within the printing machine, ie with at least one imaging device 13 arranged within the printing machine with their respective print image.

Preferably, each form cylinder 12 is associated with as many imaging devices 13 as this form cylinder 12 has print image locations in its axial direction next to one another. Particularly in newspaper printing, each imaging device 13 preferably forms a printed image on a printing form arranged on a forme cylinder 12, in each case at exactly one printing image location belonging to this printing form. At least one of the printing cylinder arranged in the form of cylinder 12 can in its axial direction z. B. have several successive, preferably equal width sections, wherein in each section on the Form cylinder 12 at least one printing form can be arranged or at least one print image is provided. It can also be provided that in each section of the forme cylinder 12 in the circumferential direction a plurality of print image areas can be imaged or printed forms can be arranged. In each section of the forme cylinder 12, preferably two printed image areas are imaged in the circumferential direction thereof or two printing forms are arranged. Different sections of the same forme cylinder 12 are preferably each assigned an imaging device 13; in particular, each section of the forme cylinder 12 can also be assigned its own imaging device 13. Alternatively, it can also be provided that the same imaging device 13 images all print image locations or printing forms of the same forme cylinder 12 in a sequential or parallel workflow. If the printing press has at least two forme cylinders 12, each having at least one print image or printing form imageable by one of the imaging devices 13, it is advantageous to provide that the imaging device 13 assigned to one of these forme cylinders 12 imprints the at least one printed image or printing form, while the other forme cylinder 12 is involved with its running at least one print image or printing form on one of the printing machine, running printing process.

The imaging device 13 is a physical, a print image-generating interface and can each z. Example, a single laser system or a laser array consisting of several lasers or another at the print image point or on the printing plate, a printed image generating system, wherein the printed image generated on the printing form or on the printing form indirectly z. B. is transferred by an offset printing process or a gravure printing process on the substrate. The imaging device 13 can also z. B. be designed as an inkjet system, so that the printed image without a transmitting medium, eg. B. a transfer cylinder, directly and directly generated on the substrate.

Each imaging device 13 also has a control device 14 controlling the imaging device 13, wherein this control device 14 is likewise arranged in the printing press and is preferably integrated in the structural unit of the imaging device 13. Alternatively, the imaging device 13 and its control device 14 may also be designed as spatially and functionally closely connected modules. The imaging device 13 and its control device 14 are thus preferably coupled directly to one another, wherein the imaging device 13 physically converts the dot information obtained bit by bit from its control device 14 into the print image to be formed. The control device 14 of each imaging device 13 is in each case connected to a data line 16, wherein the data lines 16 of all z. B. in the same bridge, U or H printing unit 11 or arranged in the same printing tower control devices 14 arranged in the printing device imaging devices 13 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5 z. B. with at least one function of a data manager performing computer 17 are connected. The data lines 16 can be wired z. B. each may be formed as a fiber optic cable, as a coaxial cable or as a twisted pair cable or wirelessly as a radio transmission link. The trained as a data manager computer 17 is preferably arranged in spatial proximity to the printing tower and its printing units 11, so that the printing tower or at least its printing units 11 together with their form cylinders 12 associated imaging devices 13, their control devices 14 and the computer 17 designed as a data manager a in FIGS. 1, 3 to 5 each form a machine unit 18 indicated by a dotted border. The function of a data manager performing computer 17 may, for. B. implemented in an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) and thus be designed as a specialized on the function of data mapping circuit (data switch).

Preferably, as part of the machine unit 18, a z. B. in each case an H-pressure unit 11 associated logic unit 21 may be provided, which is connected on the one hand to the respective H-pressure unit 11 arranged control devices 14 and on the other hand to the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press, wherein the logic unit 21 each for a correct flow control within each H Printing unit 11 provides. Also preferably as part of the machine unit 18, a drive control device 22 is provided which controls the drive and thus the rotation of the arranged in each printing unit 11 form cylinder 12 and transfer cylinder and possibly also monitored. The drive control device 22 can conduct a signal corresponding to an angular position of one of the forme cylinders 12 to the control device 14 of the imaging device 13 imaging the forme cylinder 12, in order, for. B. a in the circumferential direction of the imaging plate to be imaged printing cylinder 12 directed imaging speed of the imaging device 13 with a rotational speed of this form cylinder 12, so that the rotational speed of the forme cylinder 12 is adapted to the Bebilderungsgeschwindigkeit the imaging device 13, wherein the angular position of a forme cylinder 12th corresponding signal z. B. with a preferably high-resolution encoder or other rotation of the forme cylinder 12 detecting means (not shown) is obtained. The signal to be transmitted to the control device 14 of the one of the forme cylinder 12 associated with the imaging device 13 may, for. B. transmitted via the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press and received by the respective H-printing unit 11 associated logic unit 21 and forwarded from there to the relevant control device 14 for coordinating the Bebierungsvorgangs in dependence on other processes in the printing unit 11 be, with the other the Bebierungsvorgang affecting processes z. As the leadership of the printing material during its transport through the printing press, an operating position of the forme cylinder to be imaged 12 with respect to its employment or shutdown of a cooperating with this form cylinder 12 transfer cylinder, a cutting cylinder or may relate to a folding cylinder in a folding unit downstream of the printing unit 11, a transverse fold, a longitudinal fold, a third fold or a cutter. All of the above-exemplified, the substrate printing or processing facilities have an impact on the arrangement of the zebierungsvorgang z. B. on a printing plate or directly on the forme cylinder 12 to be formed print image. Alternatively or additionally, the encoder detecting the rotation of the forme cylinder 12 can also direct its output signal directly to the control device 14 of the imaging cylinder 13 imposing this forme cylinder 12 in order to couple an imaging speed of the imaging device 13 directed in the peripheral direction of this forme cylinder 12 to a rotational speed of this forme cylinder 12, so that the rotational speed of the forme cylinder 12 is adapted to the imaging speed of the imaging device 13. This direct feed of the output signal of the encoder to the control device 14 of the imaging device 13 has the advantage that the output signal of the encoder of the control device 14 is provided virtually instantaneously over a short path, because a loop through the drive control device 22 is eliminated.

Each machine unit 18 may preferably form with at least one further machine unit 18 a section of the printing press, wherein each section may be associated with a section control device 23, wherein each section control device 23 z. B. controls the assignment of the respective imaged to be printed image points as well as higher-level operating modes of the machine unit 18. Each forme cylinder 12 and / or transfer cylinder of the printing machine, the machine unit 18 or at least the printing unit 11 preferably each has its own, at least to other cylinders 12 or transfer cylinders of the printing press, this machine unit 18 or at least this printing unit 11 not in positive or mechanical drive connection drive on, z. B. a angular position-controlled electric motor, so that each of these form cylinder 12 or Transfer cylinder is independent of the other form cylinders 12 or transfer cylinders of the printing press, this machine unit 18 or at least this printing unit 11 is rotatable. It is advantageously an operating state of the printing press, the machine unit 18 or at least the printing unit 11 is provided, in which one of the forme cylinder 12 is imaged by its associated imaging device 13, while another forme cylinder 12 of the printing machine, this machine unit 18 or at least this printing unit 11 at the same time prints or transfers ink. Furthermore, it can be provided that the print image locations of all forme cylinders 12 of the same machine unit 18 or at least the same printing unit 11 of the printing machine are simultaneously imaged, while the print image locations of the forme cylinder 12 of another machine unit 18 or at least one other printing unit 11 of this printing press at the same time print or ink transfer.

The computer 17, which is designed as a data manager and is preferably arranged in or on a machine unit 18, is in turn connected to a network 19 for preferably electronic communication of at least image data 02, according to the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 also for communication of image data 02 and / or Raster data 04, connected, wherein belonging to a page to be printed image data 02 and / or at least one of the color separations of a page to be printed raster data 04 are preferably each combined in a corresponding file, wherein z. For example, at least the computer 01 of the pre-press (FIG. 5) and / or the memory device 06 (FIGS. 1 to 3) are likewise connected to the network 19 for the communication of at least image data 02.

The network 07 for preferably electronic communication of data to be processed in the prepress, the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press and / or the network 19 for the electronic communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 can be physically wired, z. B. each as a fiber optic cable, as a coaxial cable or as a twisted pair cable, or wirelessly be designed as a radio transmission link. The networks 07; 09; 19 can each z. B. in a known under the name Ethernet networking technology, also called Industrial Ethernet, be formed, for. For example, as Fast Ethernet with a data transfer rate of 100 MB / s, as Gigabit Ethernet with a data transfer rate of 1,000 MB / s or as 10 Gigabit Ethernet with a data transfer rate of 10,000 MB / s, where 19 for the communication of Image data 02 and / or raster data 04, the higher data transmission rates are preferably selected on account of the high quantities of data to be transported. Ethernet is largely standardized in the IEEE 802.3 standard, although details of the design of an Ethernet-based network can be found in this standard. An education of at least a part of at least one of the networks 07; 09; 19 with wireless links based z. IEEE 802.11 (Wireless LAN), because such a network supports the Ethernet frame format and works with Ethernet. The networks 07; 09; 19 are preferably each z. B. organized according to the TCP / IP protocol.

In the preferred embodiment it is provided that at least two of the three described networks 07; 09; 19, preferably even all three described networks 07; 09; 19, are combined into a single network, so all data required for operation of the printing press and for imaging the print image points of their form cylinder data are transported over a common network. A communication system, which in a common network all necessary for the production of a printed network functions - starting from the prepress on the execution of the print job with the printing press to the collection associated with the print job related statistical data - has the not inconsiderable economic Advantage that physical signal lines and / or transmission links can be shared, thereby reducing the installation effort required for the training Network functionality is significantly reduced. Incidentally, in a cross-sectoral communication system incorporating at least one printing press, the manufacturing process of a printed product of transparent and monitoring personnel becomes more controllable.

In the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3 generates z. For example, a single central raster image processor 03 (RIP) raster data 04 for each of the color separations belonging to a page to be produced and preferably stores this raster data 04 in a storage device 06 serving as a data buffer. Alternatively, the raster image processor 03 (RIP) can store the raster data 04 directly without a Forwarding buffering to at least one of the computer 17 designed as a data manager, so that the raster data 04 arrive in synchronism with the imaging to one of the control devices 14 of one of the respective imaging cylinders 13 assigned to the forme cylinder 12. The raster data 04 are thus in each case forwarded via the network 19 for the electronic communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 to each computer 17 designed as a data manager, from which computer 17 the raster data 04 to the respective control device 14 is one of the respective one of the forme cylinders 12 associated imaging devices 13 are passed. The needs-based assignment of the raster data 04 to the correct imaging device 13 is z. B. including an instruction of the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press, since this computer 08 in particular by a communication with the computer 01 in the prepress about data z. B. for occupancy of belonging to the printing press forme cylinder 12 having at least one printing image in each case having printing form and the printing process, in particular with regard to the order of belonging to a side to be produced ink separations with respect to the transport direction of the printing material by the printing press, and this occupancy information or arrangement information in the form of a signal z. B. to the respective control device 14 of one of the imaging devices 13 passes. The The signal provided by the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press is thus a control signal for the selective assignment of the raster data 04 to one of the imaging devices 13.

In connection with the rasterization process carried out in the raster image processor 03 (RIP) or within the control devices 14, one of which is assigned to each of the imaging devices 13, the image data 02 and / or the raster data 04 can be transmitted to local, e.g. B. adapted the print image location or to be imaged printing form geometry conditions. Also, if necessary, corrections can be made to the image data 02 and / or raster data 04, wherein z. B. corrected a pillow and / or keystone distortion and / or a spread and / or scaling can be made to adjust. Likewise, a correction of the fan-out effect can take place. This adaptation and / or correction of the image data 02 and / or raster data 04, which is carried out in the sense of a calibration, can alternatively or additionally provide that the control device 14 raster points determined by the raster image processor 03 (RIP) as a function of one at the print image location or on the image to be imaged Calibrated printing form to be applied ink and / or by a to be imprinted with the print image location or from the printing form to be imprinted substrate and / or that the control device 14 from Rasterimageprozessor 03 (RIP) determined halftone dots in response to a signal of a arranged in the printing press, the printing process calibrated monitoring inspection system (not shown), wherein the inspection system in particular has a directed to the printed image printed substrate and a Bildauswertesystem.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which relates to the same type of printing machine with the same control functions as those described in connection with FIG. 1, unlike the embodiment shown in FIG Communication of image data 02 and / or Raster data 04 realized a line or ring topology, wherein for the connection of the control devices 14, which are each assigned to one of the imaging devices 13, a simple redundancy to increase the reliability is provided. In this exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, in which a computer 17 performing the function of a data manager is dispensed with, so that, for B. sent by the prepress files or telegrams with image data 02 and / or raster data 04 are directly and directly applied to the respective control device 14 of the imaging devices 13, the compact routing of the data lines 16 is advantageous, but this advantage is achieved by a division of the transmittable bandwidth he buys.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, which may refer to the same type of printing machine with the same machine unit 18 and / or the same control functions as those described in connection with FIG. 1, unlike that shown in FIG illustrated embodiment for the network 19 for communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 a Doppelsterntopologie realized, which means that all the control devices 14, which are each associated with one of the Bebilderungsvorrichtungen 13, each preferably both to a first performing the function of a data manager computer 17th as well as to a further, in particular second, the function of a data manager performing computer 17 are connected, wherein the first and the z. B. second each performing the function of a data manager computer 17 are each connected to the network 19 for the electronic communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04. However, the double-star topology can also be implemented without the use of computers 17 each having the function of a data manager. By the multiple, z. B. two-way connection of the control devices 14, each associated with one of the imaging devices 13 to the network 19 for communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 also increases the reliability, because each of these control devices 14 preferably each with two each Function of a data manager performing computers 17 is connected. In addition, there is the particular advantage that the available bandwidth of the image data 02 to be transferred to the control devices 14 and / or raster data 04 is increased by a multiple connection of the control devices 14 to the network 19 for the communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 , So can at a z. B. dual connection of the control devices 14 to the network 19 for electronic communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04, the bandwidth for this image data to be transmitted 02 and / or raster data 04 are doubled. With an n-fold connection, this bandwidth can be multiplied accordingly, where n is a whole natural number. The image data 02 and / or raster data 04 tapped and / or distributed by the computer 19 for communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04, preferably by means of the computer 17 in each case performs the function of a data manager, can be used with a synchronous or, preferably, an asynchronous protocol to the respectively responsible control devices 14 are assigned. Image data 02 and / or raster data 04 provided for a specific control device 14 are composed of the data packets arriving there at different times and / or via different transmission paths, if these image data 02 and / or raster data 04 were not fed to the control device 14 in a contiguous manner.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, which relates to the same type of printing machine with the same control functions as those described in connection with FIG. 1, in the computer 01 of the prepress stage, image data 02 are respectively added to one, preferably several, e.g. , B. summarized in four different colors to print page and in the form of a file or a telegram via the network 19 for communication at least of image data 02 z. B. directed to at least one function of a data manager performing computer 17. The network 19 for electronic communication of at least image data 02 thus transports files with the complete information about the preferably in Four-color print to be produced pages of a printed product, these files z. B. may also have a TIFF format or JPEG format. Each of these files or telegrams sent from the prepress stage can also be sent directly to the respective control device 14 of the imaging devices 13 without the use of a computer 17 performing the function of a data manager.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the computer 17 executing the function of a data manager forwards each file transported via the network 19 for electronic communication at least image data 02 with the complete information about a page to be produced by the control device 14 including the imaging device 13 Dependence on an occupancy information or arrangement information provided by the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press will carry out the imaging of the print image location for the subsequent printing of the print image. Accordingly, the image data 02 belonging to the pages is sent by the computer 17 performing the function of a data-bearing arrangement information or occupancy information relating to the at least one printing form to the print image location within the printing press with respect to the printing material. In this case, the assignment performed by the computer 17 performing the function of a data manager can take into account various influences on the processing of the printing material or resulting from the intended processing of the printing material, e.g. B. influences of transport devices on the substrate as well as z. As the number of web strands of the substrate, influences by the folder or the number of pages of the printed product to be produced. The assignment of each via the network 19 for communication at least of image data 02 transported file containing complete information about one of the pages of the printed product to be produced, to the respective control device 14 by one of the imaging devices 13 is z. Example, either based on data that the network 19 for communication at least from image data 02 transported file have already been added by the computer 01 of the prepress, or this assignment of the pages to the individual print image sites performing data z. B. in which the function of a data manager performing computer 17 or linked in the respective control device 14 of one of the imaging devices 13 with each incoming there, via the network 19 for communication at least of image data 02 transported files. Thus, the data provided by the computer 01 of the prepress control with the arrangement information or the occupancy information either directly or via the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press the computer 17 performing the function of a data manager or the control device 14 of one of the Bebilderungsvorrichtungen 13 in the sense selective further processing of the file which contains complete information about one of the pages of the printed product to be produced.

For example, a file addressed with respect to a print image point with the complete information about a page to be produced passes from the computer 17 executing the function of a data manager via data lines 16 first to an interface 26 which is in each case connected to a control device 14 of an imaging device 13 and at least as a data interface. wherein the interface 26 preferably via a memory, in particular a vibration-resistant memory, for. B. has a semiconductor memory, in which at least one provided at the interface 26 file is cached with the full information about a page to be produced. At the same time, the interface 26 can also be designed as a hardware interface, which is physically connected to at least one of the data lines 16. From the interface 26, each file received there with the complete information about a page to be produced is optionally supplied after a temporary storage to a decoder 26 associated with the control device 14 of an imaging device 13 decentralized Rasterimageprozessor 03 (RIP), from the in the File contained 02 image the color separation relevant for the relevant print image point and rasterized, after which the imaging device 13 based on the previously generated in the decentralized Rasterimageprozessor 03 (RIP) raster data 04 arranged on the plate cylinder 12 printing form or the print image location on the plate cylinder 12 with a printed image imaged.

It is advantageous, the generated by a decentralized raster image processor 03 (RIP) raster data 04 z. In the memory associated with the respective interface 26 to decouple the screening process from the imaging process. However, this memory can only buffer a data stream required for imaging, ie. H. incoming data into the memory are recorded there only briefly during a current imaging process and immediately passed on to the next device requiring this data as needed.

The decentralized raster image processors 03 (RIP) provided in connection with each print image location are e.g. B. realized in an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), d. H. firmly implemented. Alternatively, the decentralized raster image processors 03 (RIP), as well as the interface 26 and / or the control device 14, also software-technically, d. H. in the form of a program executing the corresponding functions, be designed and executed on a suitable computer. Since each decentralized Rasterimageprozessor 03 (RIP) only for a single z. For example, if four color separations have to perform the screening process, the performance of this decentralized raster image processor 03 (RIP) can be reduced compared to a pre-stage raster image processor 03 (RIP).

The concept of local image data processing described in connection with FIG. 4 has the advantage that the machine unit 18, with its printing units 11 and its various control devices, forms a self-sufficient unit that can be used by the prepress received image data 02 a side to be produced independently process and evaluate. The area of the prepress and the area to be assigned to the actual printing process, which is designed in particular as a machine room, can be spatially widely separated from one another. The network 19 for the communication of at least image data 02 can also be a public, z. B. worldwide operating network, z. As the Internet or other suitable for communicating electronic data network over which network the files with the full information about a page to be produced z. B. encrypted by a publisher who has put together the respective pages of a printed product to be produced with their respective image data 02 and / or raster data 04, are sent to a remote printing. The assignment of the individual color separations to specific print image points is then preferably only in the responsible machine unit 18. It can also be provided that the computer 01 of the prepress or at least the function of a data manager performing computer 17 each file with the complete information about a page to be produced in the "broadcasting" principle simultaneously to z. B. all arranged in the relevant machine unit 18 arranged print image locations, but only that interface 26 from the z. B. via data lines 16 transported files respectively the right for them, ie the image information intended for them selects, whereby the image information intended for them results, which image information is assigned depending on the arrangement information or occupancy information that print image location, with this interface 26th corresponds. At least at each in or on the printing press arranged control device 14 of one of the imaging devices 13 can thus z. B. from a computer 01 the pre-press broadcast data and / or files from the transporting network 19, in particular due to a link with additional information, ie eg the arrangement information or occupancy information, selectively tapped, ie filtered out, and further processing , in particular a screening in a raster image processor 03 (RIP), are supplied. It is thus at the interface 26 of each raster image processor 03 each with the file Provides image data 02 to all the print images of the page of the printed product, however, only those image data 02 are selectively processed from this file, which are needed to form the print image at the respective print image location.

Also for the concept of local image data processing described in connection with FIG. 4, different, e.g. B. described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3 described network topologies such. As a ring topology, star topology or Doppelsterntopologie possible. Another advantage of decentralized raster image processor 03 (RIP) is that they are parallel, d. H. at the same time perform the screening process, which means a time advantage compared to a raster image processor 03 (RIP) centrally held in the prepress stage. The screening process can thus be carried out faster.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 builds on the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. It is also provided in the machine unit 18 preferably in association with each print image location in each case a decentralized raster image processor 03 (RIP). In contrast to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, a central file server 24 is provided, which is connected to the computer 01 in the prepress and / or to the control desk 08 and which prepares the image data 02 provided from the area of the prepress stage, preferably a multicolored one Page of a printed product stores. To the respective one imaging device 13 controlling control devices 14 is z. B. sent from the computer 01 of the prepress only information for the identification and availability of one of the pages of the printed product to be produced. Upon receipt of this information for the identification and availability of one of the pages to be produced, the control device 14 controlling an imaging device 13 fetches the file to the relevant page from the central file server 24, e.g. B. in a suitable file exchange FTP method (File Transfer Protocol). Each non-rasterized file stored in the central file server 24 contains the complete information about the complete Page of the printed product to be produced. The rasterization process is performed as in the embodiment explained with reference to FIG. 4 using decentralized raster image processors 03 (RIP), wherein only the color separation required at the relevant print image location is selected from the file and then rasterized. The central file server 24 is z. B. connected via a dedicated line with the relevant machine unit 18. The concept of a central file server 24 has the advantage that each file with the complete information on the side of the printed product to be produced can be selectively requested or retrieved selectively, ie in particular on the basis of the arrangement information concerning at least one print image location or occupancy information relating to the at least one print form.

In all embodiments described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5, it is possible to decouple the transmission of the image data 02, raster data 04 or the files with the complete information about the page to be produced of a printed product by a buffering of the Bebilderungsprozess.

Fig. 6 shows an example of a detailed embodiment of the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press, in particular for controlling drives in the printing press, wherein the printing machine z. B. several, here three printing towers 51, which in turn each have a plurality of printing units 53, here double printing units 53 have. The printing units 53 of a printing tower 51 together with their respective drive units 58 or control units 58 with their respective drive motor M a group 68, in particular a pressure point group 68, which is connected via a subordinate drive control 67 of this group 68 to a signal line 59. A computing unit 63, z. B. a parent drive control 63 can also subgroups 52 of printing units 53, z. B. pressure units 52 or other divisions with associated drive units 58 and 58 control units manage. With the signal line 59 are also further, preferably each having its own subordinate drive control 67 units having, z. B. one or more vanes 57 and / or one or more folders 56 connected. The signal line 59 is here advantageously designed in a ring topology, in particular as a double ring, and has one or more of the properties mentioned in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5. In particular, the forming cylinders 12 of the printing units 52 are each assigned at least one imaging device 13 and a control device 14, as previously described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, wherein FIG. 6 shows the respective imaging device 13 and control device 14 for the sake of clarity are not shown. The control device 14 of each imaging device 13 is connected in the manner described above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5 in each case via at least one data line 16 to the network 19 provided for transporting image data 02 and / or raster data 04, it being possible to provide that in the printing machine laid lines for the transport of in connection with different networks 07; 09; 19 mentioned data and files are used.

According to the example of FIG. 6, drive units 58 or control units 58 are each assigned drive motors M, which in each case have at least one signal line 59 directly or indirectly with each other and with a computing and data processing unit 61, eg. As a computer 61, are connected. The computing and data processing unit 61 may additionally comprise an operating unit or with an operating unit 60, for. As a control station 60, are in communication. The drive units 58 or control units 58 can in principle (not shown) in series directly in a ring, bus or other network structure or - as shown - be connected in a tree structure by signal lines 62 to the signal line 59.

The at least one signal line 59 carries signals of a Leitachsposition Φ, which is predetermined by a higher-level drive control 63. The signal line 59 provides together with the arithmetic unit 63, the so-called virtual master axis 59, 63 (electronic wave) for the units connected to it, at which the units are oriented in their position or position. This Leitachsposition Φ is passed to the drive unit 58 and control unit 58 as a default (command variable).

The computing and data processing unit 61 supplies, in particular, a specification for the desired production speed to the higher-level drive control 63 and is thus connected to the drive units 58 or control units 58 via the higher-level drive control 63, the signal line 59 (transverse communication) and the signal lines 62.

Each of the drive units 58 or control units 58 is a specific offset ΔΦ _i , z. B. an angular offset ΔΦ _i, predetermined, which fixes a permanent but variable shift with respect to the master axis position Φ. This offset ΔΦ _i is z. B. input directly to the drive unit 58 or control unit 58 and / or via the computing and data processing unit 61 and / or stored for specific operating situations, in particular specific web guides in a memory in the computing and data processing unit 61 and retrievable. If the signal line 59 corresponding, for example, as a broadband network, preferably as a real-time fieldbus, preferably as a standardized, z. B. executed under the name SERCOS known field bus, the information about the respective predetermined and fixed offset ΔΦ _i and the "rotating" Leitachsposition Φ optionally via the common signal line 59 done. The signal line 59 may also be connected in each case with a control system 74 which, for example, the different of the drive motors M actuators and drives of the printing units 52 and printing units 53 or folders 56, z. B. ink supply, positioning movements of rollers and / or cylinders, dampening, positions, etc. controls and / or regulates.

The fieldbus known under the name SERCOS is standardized in the international standard IEC 61491. Details of the configuration of a SERCOS fieldbus can be found in this standard. In contrast to office communication applications, a fieldbus is an industrial communication system for networking a large number of field devices, with field devices being able to be designed as sensors, actuators or drives, and the data transmission security being based on the transmission paths, which are at least partially quite long, up to a few hundred meters between the decentralized ones arranged field devices despite the harsh environment in an industrial environment with their z. As wide temperature range, diverse pollution and intense electromagnetic interference is guaranteed. Different fieldbus systems with different properties have become established on the market, but basic characteristics of fieldbus systems are for example: B. standardized in the international standard IEC 61158. The SERCOS fieldbus is particularly suitable for networking drives, in particular position-controlled drives. A third-generation SERCOS fieldbus, called SERCOS III, utilizes the mechanisms of an Ethernet communication system and is real-time capable, ie the signal processing speed required to communicate field devices in a SERCOS network is at least as fast as the signal generating or controlling operations , z. B. the rotation of the forme cylinder 12 in the printing press. Another commonly used fieldbus is known as PROFIBUS, with properties of this fieldbus being specified in particular in international standard IEC 61784 in conjunction with international standard 61158. In the configuration as PROFINET are designed for the PROFIBUS field devices z. B. by means of a proxy or proxy server, ie a mediating in traffic utility, or a special, also the traffic between field devices mediating I / O controller connected to an Ethernet communication system, a proxy data preferably for both directions of communication between field devices z. B. in each case in a respective communication direction valid, standardized format brings. Thus, the various networks (07; 09; 19) are preferably connected to one another via at least one switching center mediating in the data traffic between the networks (07; 09; 19), whereby this switching center can be designed as a proxy or controller.

The respective offset ΔΦ _i with respect to the Leitachsposition Φ z. B. transferred before the start of production of the control station 60 or by the computing and data processing unit 61 to the drive units 58 and control units 58 and stored there. In one advantageous embodiment, the offset ΔΦ _i during operation or the production of the printing press on the drive unit 58 and control unit 58 itself, but in particular by the computing and data processing unit 61 variable.

The offset values ΔΦ _i for the various drive units 58 or control units 58 can also be stored in the higher-level drive control 63 in a variant. In this case, each drive unit 58 or control unit 58 receives via the signal lines 59; 62 (or in series: only 59) as a specification, the sum of the rotating Leitachsposition Φ and the specific, stored offset value ΔΦ _{i of} the respective drive unit 58 or control unit 58th

So follow all drive units 58 and control units 58, for example, the drive units 58 and control units 58 of the first two z. B. executed as printing towers 51 units and the drive unit 58 or control unit 58 of the folding unit 56 running unit each of the rotating Leitachsposition Φ from the parent drive control 63, each having a fixed offset value ΔΦ _i relative to the absolute position of the Leitachsposition Φ.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6, the signal line 59 is connected to a plurality of, here two, higher-level drive controllers 63, which are each other from one another different signals of a respective Leitachsposition Φa; Φb a control axis in the signal line 59 can feed. This is advantageous, for example, if the printing machine or its printing towers 51 and / or printing units 52 and / or printing units 53 and the associated folding units 56 and guide elements 57 have a plurality of sections 71, 71; 72 should be assignable. However, productions and web guides may exceed the section separation indicated by a broken line in Fig. 6 and may consist of printing units 53 of one, in printing units 53 of the other and / or the folding apparatus 56 of the other section 71; 72 are led. The individual printing towers 51 can be assigned, for example, to different folders 56. Even within a printing tower 51 are subgroups, z. B. printing units 53, different webs of the printing material with different web guides assignable, which can be performed on a common or even on different folders 56. The sections 71; 72 are logically not to be understood as rigid units, but as cooperating machine units 18. In this embodiment, the two, higher-level drive controls 63 each form a section control device 23, as previously described in connection with Figures 1, 4 and 5.

The higher-level drive controllers 63 obtain their specifications regarding the starting point and production speeds of the respective section 71; 72 and / or web guide from a respective associated computing and data processing unit 61, which in turn are connected to at least one control station 60. In an advantageous embodiment, the two computing and data processing units 61 are connected to one another via a signal line 64 and to another signal line 73, which connects a plurality of, here two, control stations 60 to one another. The three signal lines 59; 64; 73 thus form different levels of the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press. In an advantageous embodiment, at least via the signal line 73, but possibly also via the signal line 64, also in the network 19 for the communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 transported to transporting files, preferably the control stations 60 and / or the computing and data processing units 61, the respective on the signal lines 64; 73 to manage data to be transported and / or files with regard to their respective required data flow and feed it to their respective destination or in a z. B. held as a file server 24 trained memory ready to call. The entire network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press is preferably formed in all its different control levels Ethernet-based, z. As a SERCOS III field bus or as a PROFINET fieldbus.

For the particular drive units 58 or control units 58 relevant offset values ΔΦ _i are for the relevant production of the computing and data processing unit 61 and the computing and data processing units 61 via the signal line 64 to the respective drive units 58 and control units 58 associated subordinate drive controls 67th fed and preferably stored there and with the Leitachsposition Φa; Φb processed to the Leitachspositionen Φ _i . Are subgroups 52, z. B. pressure units 52, a group 68, z. B. a printing tower 51, associated with two different tracks, the subordinate drive control 67 processes each of the associated for the respective drive unit 58 and control unit 58 Leitachsposition Φa; Φb the leading axis, depending on the affiliation of the relevant print image to the one or the other web, with the predetermined for this web guide offset value ΔΦ.

However, the transmission to the subordinate drive controllers 67 in this example does not take place directly but via a control system 74 which is assigned to the respective group 68 or to the unit (eg folder 56) having its own subordinate drive control 67. The control system 74 is connected to the signal line 64 (or to the computing and data processing unit 61) either via its own signal lines 75, for example, or else line sections of the signal lines 75 form part of the signal line 64 implemented as network 64. The control system 74 controls and / or regulates for example, those of the Drive motors M various actuators and drives of the printing units 52 and groups of printing groups 68 or printing units 53 or folders 56, z. B. ink supply, positioning movements of rollers and / or cylinders, dampening, positions, etc. The control system 74 has one or more (in particular programmable logic controller) 76 on. This control unit 76 is connected to the subordinate drive control 67 via a signal line 77. In the case of a plurality of control units 76, these are also interconnected by the signal line 77.

The control system 74 and its control unit (s) 76 is / are in an advantageous embodiment by unillustrated coupler, z. B. each designed as an interface card network coupler, z. B. by a proxy, releasably connected to the signal line 64. As a result, the group 68 can in principle be operated alone, the control of the drive units 58 or control units 58 via the train of the subordinate drive control 67 with the signal line 62 and the control of the further functions of the group 68 via the train of the control system 74. Setpoints as well as actual values and deviations can be switched on or off via the coupler. The subordinate drive control 67 assumes the specification of a master axis position Φ in this case. For this reason and for reasons of redundancy, it is advantageous if all subordinate drive controls 67 are designed with the possibility of generating and specifying a master axis position Φ.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the offset values ΔΦ _i are thus supplied by the signal line 64 via the respective control system 74 to the relevant subordinate drive control 67. Alternatively, the offset values ΔΦ _i can be given from there to the drive units 58 or control units 58 and stored and processed there.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the parent drive control 63 can be omitted if z. B. one or more groups 68 or one of its own subordinate drive control 67 units (eg, folding unit 56) has a subordinate drive control 67. The virtual master axis or Leitachsposition Φ is then z. B. predetermined by one of the drive controls 67.

For the circulation of a not yet adapted to the individual drive units 58 and control units 58 master axis and the angular position information (offset values ΔΦ _i , register deviations) can separate signal lines 59 and 64; 75; 77 may be provided. Thus, on the one hand, the basic orientation of the individual drive units 58 or control units 58 by transmitting and / or changing the offset values ΔΦ _i and a required during production correction of the angular position with respect to the control of a longitudinal register on the separate signal line 64; 75; 77 to the subordinate drive controls 67 (or the drive units 58 or control units 58 themselves) take place. In the case of a register control, for example, a corresponding control value via the signal line 77 to the controller 67 and in the determination of the specific target angular position for the individual drive unit 58 and control unit 58 from the Leitachsposition Φ; .phi.a; Φb and offset ΔΦ _i formed superimposed setpoint. This procedure avoids an increased data flow via the signal line 59 leading the leading axis. Not many different data packets that have already been adapted to the respective drive units 58 or control units 58 need to be routed through this signal line 59. This would have a significantly reduced possible signal rate with respect to the individual drive unit 58 or control unit 58. The subordinate drive controllers 67 only manage a very limited number of drive units 58 or control units 58, so that the data in the signal lines 62 can be handled accordingly. However, this is not comparable to the number of all, one entire section 71; 72 associated drive units 58 and control units 58th

For all described embodiments, at least one Leitachsposition Φ; Φa; .phi.b by at least one drive control 63; 67 predetermined, at which or at which the drive units 58 or control units 58 of the various mechanically independently driven units oriented in their position. Each of these drive units 58 or control units 58 can be assigned a specific offset value ΔΦ _i , which in each case determines the relative desired position relative to the master axis position Φ; .phi.a; Φb expresses the assigned leading axis. Thus, for example, for a specific production of all mechanically independent drive units 58 or control units 58 of the printing towers 51 (or printing units 52 and printing units 53) and the associated drive unit 58 or control unit 58 of the folder 56 and optionally guide elements 57 each have specific offset values .DELTA..PHI _i in relation to the relevant for the production master axis assigned.

These offset values ΔΦ _i are based essentially on purely geometric conditions. On the one hand, they depend on the selected web guide, ie on the web path between the individual units. On the other hand, they can depend on a random or selected zero position of the individual drive unit 58 or control unit 58. The latter is omitted for the individual drive unit 58 or control unit 58, when their defined zero position coincides with the zero position of the leading axis.

Fig. 7 shows a simplified representation of a folding apparatus 81 of the printing press by way of example. Preferably, a plurality of strands 82 of the formed as a material web, previously printed in the printing substrate run each of a z. As motor driven Zugwalzenpaar 83 pulled into the folder 81, wherein z. B. several strand bundles 85 are brought together on a pair of rollers 84. The merged and superimposed strands 82 of the substrate to be a with a z. B. four times cutting cylinder 86 cooperating z. B. 7-fold transport cylinder 87 transported. The cutting cylinder 86 has at its periphery in the axial direction extending, preferably equidistantly offset cutting blade 88, which with the on Circumference of the transport cylinder 87 formed cutting gaps 89 cooperate. Each copy of the printed product, which is cut transversely to the transport direction of the strands 82, is pressed against the lateral surface of the transport cylinder 87 by a holding device 91 arranged on its circumference, for. B. spur strip 91, held.

On the transport cylinder 87 seven folding blades 92 are also mounted, which are each extended upon reaching a gap 93 (depending on the collection or normal operation each or every multiple times) between the transport cylinder 87 and a downstream in the transport direction of the printing material jaw cylinder 94 to the on Transport cylinder 87 transported copies of the printed product to the jaw cylinder 94 to pass and fold. For this purpose, the jaw cylinder 94 in the circumferential direction uniformly spaced z. B. as many jaws (not shown) on how the number of folding blades 92 and / or the holding devices 91 on the transport cylinder 87, in particular seven. The folded copies of the printed product are transferred from the jaw cylinder 94 to a paddle wheel 96 and from this to a delivery device 97, z. B. a conveyor belt 97, designed. Preferably within the folder 81, a device for forming a third fold, i. H. a second longitudinal fold, be provided (not shown).

The folding apparatus 81, which likewise constitutes a machine unit 18 of the printing machine, like a printing unit 11, is likewise preferably integrated into the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press, for example by means of a printer. As a result, at least one, but preferably each of the imaging devices 13 provided in the printing machine can be controlled in conjunction with their respective control device 14 as a function of the folding product to be produced in the folding apparatus 81. In particular, at least one print image location to be imaged can be controlled as a function of a cut register of the folding apparatus 81.

As already mentioned in connection with FIG. 6, a printing press, for. B. a large printing press for newspaper printing, a plurality of machine units 18, d. H. especially several, z. B. over 50 printing units 11 and also several, z. B. four and more folders 81, z. B. in two or more independently operable sections 71; 72 are organized. Each of these machine units 18 is i. d. R. manufactured as a single module regardless of the other provided for the printing press modules, sometimes even at different production sites. The individual modules are then only at the site of the printing press, d. H. after delivery from the manufacturer to the customer, arranged in the intended configuration for this printing machine and interconnected by connection to a communication system, wherein the communication system several networks 07, assigned to different task areas; 09; 19 have and z. B. from a network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press and / or from a network 19 for transmitting at least image data 02 to at least one imaging device 13 and / or from a network 07 for communication to be processed in the prepress data to be processed , The communication system is preferably designed as an Ethernet network.

In the communication system incorporating the printing press with its various machine units 18, each field device, i. H. each drive, each sensor and each actuator, and each computer 01; 08 or control station 08, each memory device 06, each control device 14, each drive control device, each section control device 23, each file server 24, each interface 26, etc., a separate address, based on the respective component in the communication system is clearly identifiable and responsive.

It is advantageous to have a machine unit 18 with all its belonging to each other make cross-linked components regardless of the addresses that the respective components are obtained in the communication system involving the printing machine with all its machine units 18 during assembly or start-up of the printing press. On the other hand, during the production of each machine unit 18, an address must be assigned to each of its individual components, so that after completion of each machine unit 18, its functionality can be tested.

In order to avoid a readdressing of the address already assigned during production of each machine unit 18 to its individual components during assembly or commissioning of the printing press having a plurality of machine units 18, it is proposed to assign an arbitrary selected address to the individual components of each machine unit 18 during production assign, wherein the addresses assigned to the components of the same machine unit 18 addresses differ from each other, so that each component of a machine unit 18 is uniquely identifiable and responsive. In the case of identical machine units 18, their respective corresponding components can each be assigned the same address. Moreover, it is proposed to associate each machine unit 18 with an address converter, wherein the address converter has a valid in the printing machine with all their machine units 18 involving communication system address, the z. B. assigned during assembly or commissioning of the printing press of a particular component of a particular machine unit 18 of the printing press, converts into a given in the manufacture of the respective machine unit 18 to their individual components address. Thus, each component in one of the machine units 18 of the printing press has a unique address in the communication system incorporating the printing machine with all of its machine units 18, by which the particular component in the communication system can be uniquely identified and addressed, but the respective machine units 18 of the press can also without Knowing their later respective arrangement in the multiple machine units 18 having printing machine are individually checked for their respective function, because each machine unit to be examined 18 without their involvement in the printing machine with all their machine units 18 involving communication system with respect to their respective interconnected components can be tested. The address converter can z. B. may be formed as a router, which translates based on a table stored in the valid in the printing machine with all their machine units 18 involving communication system address in an internal in the respective machine unit 18 valid address. The table of the address converter is preferably freely programmable.

The address converter can z. Example, in the function of a data manager performing computer 17 and / or in a for a proper flow control within a printing unit 11 providing logic unit 21 and / or in a drive of arranged in a printing unit 11 form cylinder 12 and transfer cylinder controlling and optionally monitoring drive control device 22nd and / or be integrated in a section control device 23, wherein the function of a data manager performing computer 17 with the network 19 for transmitting at least image data 02 and the logic unit 21 and / or the drive control device 22 and / or the section control device 23 each with the network 09 connected to the control and / or monitoring of the printing machine, wherein the section control device 23 z. B. superordinate operating modes of each one section 71; 72 associated machine units 18 controls or regulates.

As a result, each machine unit 18 can be made self-sufficient and neutral with respect to the addresses of its components. Also, no special effort is required to already in the manufacture of the individual machine units 18 of the multiple machine units 18 having printing machine to manage the final addresses that the individual components of the respective machine units 18 in the the printing machine with all its machine units 18 involving communication system can be obtained.

It is advantageous to the address converter of an at least one imaging device 13 having machine unit 18 z. B. an arrangement information relating to at least one print image location or occupancy information relating to at least one printing form z. B. from a computer 01 of the pre-press or from the press assigned control room 08 zuzuleiten, so that the address translation z. B. is performed for the arranged in the machine unit 18 imaging device 13 only if the addressed imaging device 13 is to be active. The address converter can thus be extended to a filter by combining several signals containing different information.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

computer

02

image data

03

Calculator, raster image processor

04

raster data

05

-

06

storage device

07

Network in prepress

08

Calculator, control room

09

Network for controlling the printing press

10

-

11

Printing unit, H printing unit

12

form cylinder

13

The imaging

14

control device

15

-

16

data line

17

computer

18

machine unit

19

Network for image data and / or raster data

20

-

21

logic unit

22

Drive control device

23

Section control device

24

File server

25

-

26

interface

27 to 50

-

51

printing tower

52

Subgroup, printing unit

53

Printing unit, double printing unit

54

-

55

-

56

folding

57

vane

58

Drive unit, control unit

59

Signal line, connection

60

Operating unit, control station

61

Calculation and data processing unit, calculator

62

Signal line, network, bus

63

Arithmetic unit, drive control, superordinate

64

Signal line, network

65

-

66

-

67

Drive control, subordinate

68

Group, pressure point group

69

-

70

-

71

section

72

section

73

signal line

74

control system

75

signal line

76

control unit

77

signal line

78

-

79

-

80

-

81

folding

82

strand

83

pair of drawing rollers

84

roller pair

85

strand bundle

86

cutting cylinder

87

transport cylinder

88

cutting blade

89

cutting gap

90

Holding device, spur strip

91

folding blade

92

gap

93

jaw cylinder

94

-

95

paddle wheel

96

Delivery device, conveyor belt

Φ

Master axis

.phi.a

Master axis

.phi.b

Master axis

M

drive motor

Claims (15)

A machine unit (18) of a printing machine having a plurality of machine units (18) with at least one component having an address, the at least one component being connectable to a communication system common to the plurality of machine units (18), the address of the component being in the one of the plurality of machine units (18) common communication system is unique, characterized in that an address converter is provided, wherein the address converter in the common for the multiple machine units (18) common communication system address of the at least one arranged in the machine unit (18) component in a only within this Machine unit (18) converts valid address. Machine unit (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the address converter is designed as a router. Machine unit (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the address converter based on a table stored in it converts the valid in the communication system address into a valid only in the machine unit (18) address. Machine unit (18) according to claim 3, characterized in that the table of the address converter is freely programmable. Machine unit (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the machine unit (18) is designed as a printing unit (11). Machine unit (18) according to claim 5, characterized in that the printing unit (11) comprises at least one forme cylinder (12), a transfer cylinder and / or a pressure cylinder, wherein at least one of these cylinders is driven independently of at least one other of these cylinders, each Drive unit (58) is designed as a self-addressable component. Machine unit (18) according to claim 5, characterized in that the pressure unit (11) is designed with respect to its cylinder as an H-pressure unit (11). Machine unit (18) according to claim 5, characterized in that the printing unit (11) is designed with respect to its cylinder as a 9-satellite arrangement. Machine unit (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the machine unit (18) as a folding apparatus (81) is formed. Machine unit (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one independently addressable component is designed as an at least one forme cylinder (12) associated with an imaging device (13). Machine unit (18) according to claim 10, characterized in that the imaging device (13) data technically connected to at least one of the function of a data manager performing computer (17). Machine unit (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the address converter in the function of a data manager performing computer (17) and / or in one for a correct sequence control within a printing unit (11) providing logic unit (21) and / or in a drive of the in a printing unit (11) arranged in the form of cylinder (12) and transfer cylinder at least controlling drive control device (22) and / or in a section control device (23) is integrated. Machine unit (18) according to claim 12, characterized in that the function of a data manager performing computer (17) to the network (19) for transmitting at least image data (02) is connected. Machine unit (18) according to claim 12, characterized in that the logic unit (21) and / or the drive control device (22) and / or the section control device (23) are each connected to the network (09) for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press , Machine unit (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication system is designed as an Ethernet network.

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