EP1797384B1 - Kryogene destillation verwendender lufttrennprozess - Google Patents

Kryogene destillation verwendender lufttrennprozess Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1797384B1
EP1797384B1 EP05779057A EP05779057A EP1797384B1 EP 1797384 B1 EP1797384 B1 EP 1797384B1 EP 05779057 A EP05779057 A EP 05779057A EP 05779057 A EP05779057 A EP 05779057A EP 1797384 B1 EP1797384 B1 EP 1797384B1
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Prior art keywords
column
less
oxygen
air
pressure
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Revoked
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EP05779057A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1797384A1 (de
Inventor
Olivier Bruder
Patrick Le Bot
Richard Dubettier-Grenier
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/0489—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the air fractionation unit, in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
    • F25J3/04909—Structured packings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/10—Mathematical formulae, modeling, plot or curves; Design methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/20—Particular dimensions; Small scale or microdevices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air separation process using cryogenic distillation.
  • it relates to air separation processes for the production of large quantities of oxygen with a content of greater than 90 mol% with a yield of greater than 90% in a unit comprising at least one column operating at low pressure and at least one column operating at high pressure, at least one column of which containing at least one section of structured packings of the cross-corrugated type.
  • US-A-5653126 describes the use of cross-corrugated structured packings having a density of at least 500 m 2 /m 3 with a low HETP for the separation of air.
  • cross-corrugated packings have corrugations at 45° with the axis of the column in which they are installed.
  • the packings may or may not be perforated and are generally formed by folded metal foil strips.
  • the object of the present invention is to alleviate the problems of the prior art by allowing the column diameters to be reduced for a given oxygen production.
  • One object of the invention is to provide a process according to Claim 1.
  • the yield is the percentage number of oxygen molecules in all the oxygen-rich products relative to the number of oxygen molecules in the feed air for the separation unit.
  • the capacity per unit area of the column is the ratio of the molar volume of gas sent into the column to the mean cross section of the column.
  • a fluid will be called a "product" if it is output from the air separation unit with the content of one of its constituents being:
  • the extraction efficiency of a constituent will be defined by the ratio of the molar quantity of the said constituent entering the separation unit via the feed fluids to the molar quantity of the same constituent leaving via the product(s), the content of this constituent being greater than or equal to those mentioned above.
  • Cross-corrugated structured packings with a density not exceeding 500 m 2 /m 3 , or even 400 m 2 /m 3 may be installed in the medium-pressure column and/or the low-pressure column of a double column, in the medium-pressure column and/or the low-pressure column and/or the intermediate-pressure column of a triple (Etienne) column, an argon column, a mixing column or any other type of air gas separation column.
  • a packing has a density of less than 500 m 2 /m 3 if its mean density (without deducting the area of any perforations) does not exceed 500 m 2 /m 3 .
  • Figure 1 shows a process according to the invention.
  • a double column comprises a medium-measure column 1 operating at between 5 bar abs and 20 bar abs and a low-pressure column 3 operating at apressure between 1.2 bar abs and 8 bar abs.
  • the low-pressure column is larger in diameter than the medium-pressure column, but it is possible in some cases for the medium-presure column to be larger in diameter than the low pressure column.
  • the two columns are thermally coupled to each other by a reboiler/condensor 5, for example of the bath type.
  • the low-pressure column 3 contains only sections of structured packings 2 having a density not exceeding 500 m 2 /m 3 , for example having a density of 400 m 2 /m 3 .
  • the medium-pressure column 1 contains only sections of structured packings 2 having a density close or identical to the above values.
  • a stream of cooled and purified air 7 is sent to the medium-pressure column 1 and oxygen-enriched and nitrogen-enriched liquid streams 9, 11 are sent from the medium-pressure column to the low-pressure column after an expansion step.
  • a stream of gaseous oxygen 13 as product Withdrawn from the bottom of the low-pressure column is a stream of gaseous oxygen 13 as product, with an oxygen yield of greater than 90% (preferably greater than 95%).
  • the oxygen purity is greater than 90 mol% oxygen (preferably greater than 95 mol% oxygen or even 99 mol% oxygen).
  • gaseous nitrogen 15 is withdrawn with a nitrogen yield of greater than 85% (preferably greater than 90%).
  • the purity of the nitrogen is greater than 99 mol% nitrogen (preferably greater than 99.99 mol% nitrogen or even 99.999 mol% nitrogen).
  • a stream of waste nitrogen 17 is withdrawn from an upper level of the low-pressure column.
  • the diameter (in metres) of the low-pressure column is less than: 4 ⁇ Q air ⁇ K P P 0 ⁇ 0.35 1 ⁇ 2 where:
  • the cross section of the low-pressure column will therefore be less than: 500000 / 21000 ⁇ m 2 (preferably less than (500000/23000) m 2 or even less than (500000/25000) m 2 ) and the diameter less than: 4 500000 / 21000 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 i.e. 5.5m (preferably 5.26m, or even at most 5.05m).
  • the cross section of the low-pressure column will therefore be less than: 500000 21000 ⁇ m 2 (preferably less than (500000/23000) m 2 or even less than (5000000/25000) m 2 ) and the diameter less than: 4 500000 21000 ⁇ ⁇ 3 / 2 0.35 1 ⁇ 2 i.e. 5.13m (preferably 4.9 m, or even at most 4.7 m).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Verfahren zur Zerlegung von Luft in mindestens einen Bestandteil durch Tieftemperaturdestillation von Luft in einem System von Säulen (1, 3) mit mindestens einer Säule (1, 3)
    a) zur Herstellung von mindestens gasförmigem Sauerstoff als Produkt mit einer Sauerstoffausbeute von mehr als 90% (vorzugsweise 95%) und einer Sauerstoffreinheit von mehr als 90 Mol-% Sauerstoff (vorzugsweise 95 Mol-% Sauerstoff oder sogar 99 Mol-% Sauerstoff) und/oder
    b) zur Herstellung von mindestens Stickstoff mit einer Stickstoffausbeute von mehr als 85% (vorzugsweise mehr als 90%) und einer Stickstoffreinheit von mehr als 99 Mol-% Stickstoff (vorzugsweise 99,99 Mol-% Stickstoff oder sogar 99,999 Mol-% Stickstoff),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    ■ dann, wenn der Betriebsdruck der den größten Durchmesser aufweisenden Säule (3) P < 2 bar abs. beträgt, der Durchmesser (in Meter) dieser Säule kleiner als: 4 ⁢ Q Luft πK ½
    Figure imgb0008
    ist,
    dann, wenn der Betriebsdruck der den größten Durchmesser aufweisenden Säule P > 2 bar abs. beträgt, der Durchmesser (in Meter) dieser Säule kleiner als: 4 ⁢ Q Luft πK P P 0 ⁢ 0 , 35 ½
    Figure imgb0009
    ist,
    wobei:
    QLuft die Summe der Strömungsraten der das Säulensystem speisenden Luft in Nm3/h ist;
    K die Kapazität der Säule pro Flächeneinheit ist und gleich mindestens 22153 Nm3/m2 (21.000 Sm3/m2) (vorzugsweise mindestens 24263 Nm3/m2 (23.000 Sm3/m2) oder sogar mindestens 26372 Nm3/m2 (25.000 Sm3/m2) ist und
    P0 gleich 2 bar abs. ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die den größten Durchmesser aufweisende Säule (3) des Säulensystems mindestens einen Abschnitt (2) enthält, der mit einem Stoffaustausch zwischen der Gasphase und der Flüssigphase erlaubenden Gas/Flüssigkeit-Kontaktor gefüllt ist, so daß seine Effektivität durch eine TUH (Höhe einer Übertragungseinheit) von weniger als 350 mm (vorzugsweise weniger als 300 mm) definiert ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, bei dem der Gas/Flüssigkeit-Kontaktor aus gekreuzt-gewellten geordneten Packungen mit einer Dichte von weniger als 500 m2/m3, vorzugsweise weniger als 400 m2/m3, besteht.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, bei dem das Säulensystem mindestens eine aus einer Mitteldrucksäule (3) und einer Niederdrucksäule (1) gebildete Doppelsäule umfaßt, wobei die Mitteldrucksäule thermisch mit der Niederdrucksäule gekoppelt ist und die Niederdrucksäule die Säule mit dem größten Durchmesser darstellt.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, das Sauerstoff produziert, bei dem das Verhältnis des produzierten Sauerstoffs zum Querschnitt der Niederdrucksäule größer gleich 150 t/d/m2 ist.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, bei dem das Verhältnis von Strömungsrate der dem Säulensystem zugeführten Luft zu Querschnitt der Niederdrucksäule mindestens 22153 Nm3/h/m2 (21. 000 Sm3/h/m2), vorzugsweise mindestens 24263 Nm3/h/m2 (23.000 Sm3/h/m2) und noch weiter bevorzugt mindestens 26372 Nm3/h/m2 (25.000 Sm3/h/m2) beträgt.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, 5 oder 6, bei dem das Verhältnis von der Mitteldrucksäule (1) zugeführter gasförmiger Luft zu Querschnitt der Niederdrucksäule mindestens 18988 Nm3/h/m2 (18.000 Sm3/h/m2) (vorzugsweise mindestens 21098 Nm3/h/m2 (20.000 Sm3/h/m2) und noch weiter bevorzugt mindestens 23208 Nm3/h/m2 (22.000 Sm3/h/m2)) beträgt.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem mindestens ein Abschnitt (2) der Mitteldrucksäule (1) gekreuztgewellte geordnete Packungen mit einer Dichte von höchstens 500 m2/m3 oder sogar 400 m2/m3 enthält.
EP05779057A 2004-09-21 2005-08-10 Kryogene destillation verwendender lufttrennprozess Revoked EP1797384B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0452099A FR2875588B1 (fr) 2004-09-21 2004-09-21 Procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
PCT/EP2005/053938 WO2006048341A1 (en) 2004-09-21 2005-08-10 Air separation process using cryogenic distillation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1797384A1 EP1797384A1 (de) 2007-06-20
EP1797384B1 true EP1797384B1 (de) 2009-07-22

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ID=34950006

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05779057A Revoked EP1797384B1 (de) 2004-09-21 2005-08-10 Kryogene destillation verwendender lufttrennprozess

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20100115995A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1797384B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2008513719A (de)
CN (1) CN100547327C (de)
AT (1) ATE437347T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2579450A1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005015603D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2875588B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2006048341A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200702344B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113654302B (zh) * 2021-08-12 2023-02-24 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 一种低温空气分离的装置和方法

Family Cites Families (16)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2057804A (en) * 1934-05-09 1936-10-20 Lee S Twomey Method of separating the constituents of air
US3236059A (en) * 1962-08-29 1966-02-22 Air Prod & Chem Separation of gaseous mixtures
WO1993013373A1 (en) * 1989-09-12 1993-07-08 Ha Bao V Cryogenic air separation process and apparatus
ES2087268T3 (es) * 1990-12-17 1996-07-16 Air Liquide Columna de destilacion de aire con relleno ondulado-cruzado.
FR2686405B1 (fr) * 1992-01-20 2001-02-09 Air Liquide Procede et application de separation d'air, et application d'une telle installation.
DE4224068A1 (de) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-23 Linde Ag Verfahren zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft und luftzerlegungsanlage
FR2692663B1 (fr) * 1992-06-17 1994-08-19 Air Liquide Procédé de construction d'une unité cryogénique de séparation de gaz, unité cryogénique, sous-ensemble et ensemble transportable pour la construction d'une telle unité.
US5396772A (en) * 1994-03-11 1995-03-14 The Boc Group, Inc. Atmospheric gas separation method
JP3319174B2 (ja) * 1994-09-19 2002-08-26 株式会社日立製作所 充填物及び空気分離装置
DE69511217T2 (de) * 1994-11-25 1999-11-25 Fujikoki Mfg. Co. Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo Abflusspumpe
US5984282A (en) * 1998-01-20 1999-11-16 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Packed liquid-vapor contact column having at least one band of packing sheets surrounding a central core of packing sheets
US6009723A (en) * 1998-01-22 2000-01-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Elevated pressure air separation process with use of waste expansion for compression of a process stream
FR2774753B1 (fr) * 1998-02-06 2000-04-28 Air Liquide Installation de distillation d'air comprenant plusieurs unites de distillation cryogenique de meme nature
FR2802293B1 (fr) * 1999-12-09 2002-03-01 Air Liquide Appareil et procede de separation par distillation cryogenique
US6378332B1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-04-30 Praxair Technology, Inc. Packing with low contacting crimp pattern
FR2814229B1 (fr) * 2000-09-19 2002-10-25 Air Liquide Procede et installation de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA200702344B (en) 2008-08-27
EP1797384A1 (de) 2007-06-20
WO2006048341A1 (en) 2006-05-11
CN100547327C (zh) 2009-10-07
FR2875588A1 (fr) 2006-03-24
JP2008513719A (ja) 2008-05-01
CA2579450A1 (en) 2006-05-11
FR2875588B1 (fr) 2007-04-27
CN101023309A (zh) 2007-08-22
ATE437347T1 (de) 2009-08-15
US20100115995A1 (en) 2010-05-13
DE602005015603D1 (de) 2009-09-03

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