EP1794499A1 - Procede de chauffage et/ou d'evaporation d'un fluide - Google Patents

Procede de chauffage et/ou d'evaporation d'un fluide

Info

Publication number
EP1794499A1
EP1794499A1 EP05785047A EP05785047A EP1794499A1 EP 1794499 A1 EP1794499 A1 EP 1794499A1 EP 05785047 A EP05785047 A EP 05785047A EP 05785047 A EP05785047 A EP 05785047A EP 1794499 A1 EP1794499 A1 EP 1794499A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dust
hot
clean gas
gas
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05785047A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mario Mocker
Josef Starzner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Applikations- und Technikzentrum fur Energieverfahrens- Umwelt- und Stromungstechnik (atz-Evus)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004050465A external-priority patent/DE102004050465B3/de
Application filed by Applikations- und Technikzentrum fur Energieverfahrens- Umwelt- und Stromungstechnik (atz-Evus) filed Critical Applikations- und Technikzentrum fur Energieverfahrens- Umwelt- und Stromungstechnik (atz-Evus)
Publication of EP1794499A1 publication Critical patent/EP1794499A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • F23L15/02—Arrangements of regenerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/105—Granular bed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for heating and / or evaporating a fluid using hot dust-laden exhaust gases.
  • the invention further relates to a Verwen ⁇ tion of a bulk regenerator.
  • DE 44 26 356 A1 discloses a process in which hot dust-laden waste gases are formed by combustion of biomass. To separate off the dust, the waste gases are passed through a filter. Subsequently, the heat of the hot exhaust gases is transferred in a heat exchanger to compressed air, which is then expanded via a gas turbine to the drive.
  • the implementation of the proposed method requires an elaborate Vorrich ⁇ device in which both a filter for separating the dust and a heat exchanger are provided.
  • DE 43 17 947 C1 discloses a method for converting thermal energy of a gas into mechanical work.
  • gas is z.
  • air is used, which is heated by means of a regenerator alternately connected in a turbine load.
  • the regenerator is previously supplied with thermal energy by applying hot exhaust gases. Similar methods are for. From JP 610 28 726 A (Patent Abstracts of Japan), JP 620 85 136 A (Patent Abstracts of Japan) and DE 39 31 582 A1.
  • the aforementioned methods require the use of dust-free hot exhaust gases from a combustion process to avoid damage and erosion on heat exchangers and turbines. Der ⁇ like exhaust gases can usually be provided only by a precisely ge-controlled combustion of combustible gases.
  • Flammable gases can not be renewed as fossil raw material carriers.
  • the price of fossil fuels is constantly increasing as resources become smaller.
  • a method for the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical work is known.
  • the hot exhaust gases formed by combustion of biomass are dusted off by means of a separate flue gas purification device and subsequently alternately passed through one of two regenerators.
  • the regenerator As soon as the regenerator has reached a predetermined temperature, it is switched into a turbine branch of a gas turbine and pressurized pure gas is passed through the regenerator.
  • the hot and pressurized clean gas is released via a gas turbine to drive it.
  • a special device for removing dust from the hot exhaust gas is again required. Apart from that must be used to control the hot gas flow valves that withstand not only thermal loads but also Druckunter ⁇ differences.
  • DE 34 14 035 Al discloses a device for cooling a hot dusty exhaust gas.
  • a heat storage mass of a regenerator is embodied in its geometry in such a way that dust deposits are effectively prevented therein.
  • a wet scrubber is provided for separating off the dust contained in the exhaust gas.
  • DE 32 28 860 A1 describes a method for producing steam from hot exhaust gases.
  • the exhaust gases laden with dust are passed through a pressure vessel.
  • the flow rate is chosen so that the dust laden hot exhaust gases cause no erosion ver ⁇ .
  • the dust is removed by means of a separate removal device.
  • Da ⁇ is a regenerative heat exchanger on the hot gas side between a dust collector and a gas scrubber in the line ei ⁇ nes total flow of the raw gases turned on.
  • an electrostatic precipitator is provided.
  • flue gas flows from a kiln into a preheater and a downstream waste heat exchanger.
  • the temperature of the flue gas is maintained above the condensation temperature of sulfuric acid.
  • the flue gas is separated solids in a downstream separation unit, for. B. an electrostatic precipitator or filter subjected.
  • DE 100 35 710 A1 discloses a fossil-fired power plant.
  • a gas turbine is provided which is operated with preheated air.
  • switchable regenerators are alternately provided in the Tuirbinenast with which a part of the heat contained in the flue gas is ceremonies ⁇ recovered.
  • a bulk regenerator which zi ⁇ r receiving thermal energy can be flowed through radially.
  • Another bulk regenerator is known from EP 0 908 692 A2.
  • stresses occurring in the annulus are removed by an interval-wise discharge of bulk material.
  • the discharged bulk material can be returned to the annulus via a transport tube.
  • a circulating regenerative heat exchanger is known which is suitable for preheating combustion air in power plants.
  • thermal energy is usually generated by combustion of a combustible gas.
  • the resulting exhaust gases are not loaded with dust.
  • a separate device is provided for separating the dust, or measures are taken to prevent erosion of heat exchangers or clogging thereof by dust.
  • heat exchangers can be specially designed or suitable Strömungsgeschwin ⁇ dtechniken or the like can be selected.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a method and a use are to be specified with which a simple and inexpensive manner of effective heating and / or vaporization of a fluid from hot exhaust gases laden with dust is possible.
  • fluid is understood to mean a flowable material or a flowable substance. It can be a liquid, for example water or even a gas.
  • the erfin ⁇ inventive method is used in particular for the production of steam from water.
  • the inventive method allows a particularly high energy utilization of hot and dust-laden exhaust gases.
  • the dedusting of the hot exhaust gas can surprisingly be done in the regenerator.
  • the amount of heat contained in the dust is also utilized.
  • the pure gas leaves the regenerator essentially dust-free. It may be an undesirable dust-related corrosion and / or
  • a bulk regenerator is used as heat storage and dedusting device.
  • the exhaust gas is expediently passed essentially radially through a bed received in the bulk material regenerator.
  • the dust is preferably retained in the bed.
  • some of the bulk material is removed from an annular space of the bulk material regenerator, and the dust is separated from the bulk material, for example using a cyclone
  • a bulk material regenerator which is fundamentally suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention is known, for example, from EP 0 908 692 B1, but the known bulk material regenerator is still to be modified for carrying out the present invention in such a way that a device for separating dust from a transport gas used for transporting the bed is to be provided
  • These are conventional devices for separating dust from a gas, for example a cyclone, filters, in particular electrostatic filters, a sieve and the like.
  • the cleaned bed can then be suitably returned to the annulus Conveniently from spherical bodies having a mean diameter of less than 15 mm, preferably 4 to 8 mm, prepared.
  • the bodies may be made of alumina or the like.
  • the flow velocity of the exhaust gases can be slowed by more than 80% with radial flow guidance.
  • the dust settles in the bed.
  • the clean gas is advantageously conducted at a lower flow rate through the bed of the at least one regenerator than the hot exhaust gases laden with stamb.
  • the clean gas flow can be branched and passed through several regenerators. This can be prevented in a simple way that entrained in the clean gas flow in the bed dust is entrained.
  • the purified gas has a higher temperature after leaving the regenerator (s), it is not charged with dust.
  • the exhaust gas as a result of the passage through the heat storage and dedusting device to a temperature of less than 100 0 C, preferably less than 80 0 C, cooled.
  • a chhold inlet temperature is the hot exhaust gas 800 0 C to 900 0 C.
  • the hot exhaust gas is on passage through the heat storage and dedusting a Ab ⁇ cooling rate of 1000 to 2000 K, / m cooled. Due to the extremely high cooling rate, a recombination of pollutants contained in the hot exhaust gas, such as dioxins and furans, is advantageously minimized or prevented.
  • the cooled exhaust gas is at least partially used for preheating a combustion air for combustion of the organic Energyträ ⁇ gers. The energy utilization can thus be further increased.
  • the hot clean gas when passing through the furnished (2004)leyex to a temperature to less than 150 0 C, preferably less than 140 0 C, cooled.
  • the cooled clean gas can then be passed through a device for Voricaxraen condensate.
  • the cooled IReingas to a temperature of less than 80 0 C, preferably weni ⁇ ger than 70 0 C, are further cooled.
  • the still cooled clean gas can still be used to burn the organi- see energy carrier be used.
  • the proposed method steps further contribute to the improved use of energy of the method according to the invention.
  • the thermal energy transferred to the fluid is used to drive a device for generating electricity and / or for maintaining a predetermined operating temperature of a liquid circulating in a heating network.
  • the fluid may be in the form of vapor.
  • the thermal energy stored in the steam can be used, for example, to carry out the Rankine cycle, to drive steam engines, to carry out the organic Rankine cycle, the Kalina cycle or other processes.
  • the steam can be condensed after the energy extraction. This allows a new evaporation of the condensate. In this case, the process can be recycled.
  • the use of a bulk material reactor for separating dust from hot exhaust gas is provided.
  • this invention can fulfill a further function, namely that of a filter.
  • the use according to the invention enables a considerable simplification in the construction of power plants operated with solid organic energy carriers, heat transfer nets and the like.
  • the proposed use can achieve a significant increase in the utilization of the thermal energy contained in dust laden hot exhaust gases.
  • the reference symbol A denotes a fuel boiler which is suitable for burning solid organic energy carriers, for example biomass.
  • a fuel boiler is known, for example, from DE 40 00 973 C1.
  • An inlet 1 provided on the fuel tank A serves to discharge fuel.
  • Through an outlet 2 ash is removed as a combustion residue.
  • a first line 3 leads away for discharging hot dust laden exhaust gases, which branches off in the further course.
  • the slide 3a switched on in the first line 3 alternately one of three downstream downstream regenerators B can be charged with the exhaust gas laden with hot dust.
  • the reference C is a fuel boiler which is suitable for burning solid organic energy carriers, for example biomass.
  • Suction blower referred to which serves to generate a flow of the hot dust-laden exhaust gases from the fuel boiler A through the regenerators B through to a chimney E and a recirculation blower D.
  • the recirculation blower D part of the exhaust gases can be supplied to the fuel boiler A via a second line 4.
  • the temperature can be controlled in the fuel boiler and thus the formation of NO x and / or the slagging counteracted.
  • a designated by the reference numeral F fresh air blower promotes air through a third line 5 alternately two of the regenerators B to a steam generator G.
  • the superheated steam generated in the steam generator G passes via a fourth line 6 to a turbo-generator J.
  • the cooled air leaving the steam generator G passes via a fifth line 7 into a condensate preheater H, which in turn communicates with it via a sixth line 8 a capacitor K is connected.
  • the condenser K is connected to the turbo-generator J for receiving the cooled-off steam with a seventh conduit 9.
  • the reference symbol L designates a feedwater supply, which is connected via eighth lines 10 both to the condensate preheater H and to the steam generator G.
  • the cooled air leaving the condensate preheater H flows via a ninth pipe 11 into the fuel tank A and serves as combustion air.
  • a blower M is switched on in the ninth line 11.
  • turbogenerator J and the downstream condenser K it is alternatively also possible to couple the feedwater reservoir L and the steam generator G to a heat network FW for maintaining a predetermined operating temperature in the heat network FW.
  • biomass fed through the inlet 1 is burned.
  • the air required for combustion is supplied to the fuel boiler A via the ninth line 11.
  • the air is added via the second line 4 a vorgege ⁇ bene amount of exhaust gas.
  • the hot and dust-laden exhaust gases formed during combustion in the fuel tank A pass via the first line 3, depending on the position selected by the slides 3a, through one of the regenerators B.
  • the hot exhaust gases laden with dust are present in the respective one Regenerator B is guided radially through a bed of material collected between a coaxial hot and cold grate. In this case, the thermal energy is transferred from the hot exhaust gases, in particular also from the dust contained therein, to the bed. Furthermore, the dust contained in the hot exhaust gases is retained in the bed.
  • the regenerators B are alternately charged with the hot dust laden exhaust gases. Once a predetermined temperature has been reached in the respective regenerator B, the hot and dust-laden exhaust gases are passed through a corresponding change in the position of the slide 3a on one of the other of the regenerators B. Subsequently, air is passed through these regenerators B through one or more of the heated regenerators B via the fresh air blower F. The air absorbs the thermal energy stored in the regenerators B. The hot air formed passes via the first line 3 to the steam generator G. Steam generated in the steam generator G can be converted into electrical energy by means of the turbo generator J. The cooled vapor is condensed in a downstream condenser K.
  • the condensate passes via the sixth line 8 in a condensate preheater H, which in turn is connected via the eighth lines 10 with a supply of water supply L.
  • the condensate preheater H is acted on the input side with ist ⁇ cooled air leaving the steam generator G leaves.
  • the air further cooled in the condensate preheater H finally arrives via the ninth line 11 to the fuel boiler A and serves as combustion air.
  • the superheated steam generated in the steam generator G can also be used to maintain a preset operating temperature in a heat network FW.
  • the method that can be carried out with the proposed device is characterized by high energy utilization.
  • the high energy utilization is achieved in particular by the use according to the invention of bulk material regenerators B for separating off dust from hot exhaust gases.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de chauffage et/ou d'évaporation d'un fluide consistant a) à brûler une source d'énergie organique solide ; b) à guider de façon alternée les gaz chauds, chargés de poussières, ainsi produits, au travers d'au moins un dispositif d'accumulation thermique et de dépoussiérage (B) parmi deux dispositifs d'accumulation thermique et de dépoussiérage, la chaleur des gaz chauds étant transférée vers le dispositif d'accumulation thermique et de dépoussiérage (B) et les poussières contenues dans les gaz étant ainsi retenues au moyen du dispositif d'accumulation thermique et de dépoussiérage (B) ; c) à guider de façon alternée un gaz pur froid, ne contenant essentiellement pas de poussières, au travers du ou des autres dispositifs d'accumulation thermique et de dépoussiérage de manière à transférer de la chaleur contenue dans ledit dispositif vers le gaz pur et à former un gaz pur chaud ; et d) à guider le gaz pur chaud au travers d'un échangeur thermique afin de chauffer et/ou évaporer le fluide.
EP05785047A 2004-09-28 2005-09-07 Procede de chauffage et/ou d'evaporation d'un fluide Withdrawn EP1794499A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004047410 2004-09-28
DE102004050465A DE102004050465B3 (de) 2004-09-28 2004-10-16 Verfahren zur Erwärmung und/oder Verdampfung eines Fluids
PCT/EP2005/009580 WO2006034771A1 (fr) 2004-09-28 2005-09-07 Procede de chauffage et/ou d'evaporation d'un fluide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1794499A1 true EP1794499A1 (fr) 2007-06-13

Family

ID=35457124

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05785047A Withdrawn EP1794499A1 (fr) 2004-09-28 2005-09-07 Procede de chauffage et/ou d'evaporation d'un fluide

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1794499A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006034771A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE442777B (sv) * 1984-03-16 1986-01-27 Lennart Karlsson Anordning for luftforvermning och rening av gas, fremst rokgas
DE4116356C2 (de) * 1991-05-18 1995-11-16 Westfael Elekt Werke Feuerungsanlage
DE4444845A1 (de) * 1994-12-16 1996-07-18 Kuehschweiger & Co Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entsorgung von festen Abfallstoffen unter Anwendung hoher Temperaturen und Erzeugung nützlicher Produkte
DE19744387C1 (de) * 1997-10-08 1999-04-29 Atz Evus Applikations & Tech Vorrichtung zum Spannungsabbau in radialdurchströmten Schüttgutregeneratoren
DE10134821A1 (de) * 2001-07-17 2003-02-06 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zur Staubsabscheidung aus Rauchgasen von Verbrennungsanlagen, vorzugsweise Festbrennstoffverbrennungsanlagen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006034771A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006034771A1 (fr) 2006-04-06

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