EP1783281A1 - Derrick for drilling or ramming tools - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine has a leader (10) arranged on a chassis (2) for the longitudinally displaceable guidance of a drive head. A pivot drive (30) is provided for the pivoting of the leader about a pivot axis (6). A locking unit is displaced between a position, in which it fixes the leader on the chassis in a rotationally fixed manner about the pivot axis, and another position, in which the leader is released. A setting device is provided for the remote-controlled displacement of the locking unit.

Description

The invention relates to a construction machine for civil engineering according to the preamble of claim 1. A construction machine according to the invention is formed with a chassis, arranged on the chassis leader for longitudinally displaceable guiding a drive head, the broker on the chassis about an at least approximately parallel to Mäklerlängsachse extending pivot axis is pivotally mounted, and a pivot drive for the driven pivoting of the leader about the pivot axis.

Such construction machines are known and can be used in particular as drilling and / or piling equipment. In a drilling machine, the drive head is used to receive a drilling tool and can be designed, for example, as a rotary drilling head or percussion rotary head. By moving the drive head while the drilling tool is rotating at the leader, a hole is drilled.

In a pile driver, the drive head serves as a holding element for sheet pile wall elements or other foundation element or tillage tools that are pressed by lowering the drive head along the leader in the ground. The drive head may in particular have a vibrator. In addition, a construction machine according to the invention can also be used as an injection device serve, in which case an injection tool is attached to the drive head.

To produce dense sheet pile walls, it is necessary to arrange the individual sheet pile wall elements precisely next to each other. Also, for example, when creating overcut holes for the production of sealing walls in the soil exact positioning of the individual holes relative to each other required.

A necessary positioning of the drive head with the there arranged sheet pile wall element or tillage tool in the horizontal can be achieved by moving the chassis together with the broker arranged thereon. Not least because of the large masses involved, however, this procedure is comparatively complicated. It is also possible to arrange the leader together with the drive head about an approximately horizontally extending pivot axis pivotally mounted on the chassis, wherein a pivot drive is provided for the active pivoting of the leader. This additional degree of freedom makes it possible to position the element to be introduced into the ground exactly in the horizontal without having to move the entire chassis.

However, it has been found in the use of such construction machines with hinged leader that the precision in the positioning of the elements to be introduced into the soil, in particular with changing soil geologies and / or when cutting existing foundation elements may be poor. In particular, a bleeding of the element to be introduced into the soil during introduction could be observed.

The object of the invention is to develop a generic construction machine so that a particularly high precision in the positioning of the drive head and arranged thereon, to be introduced into the soil element is ensured even during the Einbringvorgangs itself.

This object is achieved by a construction machine with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

A construction machine according to the invention is characterized in that at least one locking element is provided, which between a first position in which it determines the leader about the pivot axis rotationally fixed to the chassis, and a second position in which the broker is released, is movable, and that an adjusting device for remote controlled operation of the locking element is provided.

A first basic idea of the invention can be seen in that at least one movable locking element is provided on the pivotable mounting of the leader, which in a first position hinders a relative movement of the leader to the chassis about the pivot axis. In a second position, however, the locking element releases the leader for rotation about the pivot axis on the chassis.

Another basic idea of the invention can be seen in that the locking element can be controlled remotely by means of an adjusting device, in particular by a driver's cab arranged on the chassis.

The locking element according to the invention absorbs the torques occurring during operation of the construction machine about the pivot axis and thus relieves the pivot drive. In particular, can with the device according to the invention an undesired pivoting of the leader about the pivot axis due to the operating forces occurring during tillage are effectively counteracted. The invention makes it possible that the position of the drive head and the tool arranged thereon in the horizontal plane is maintained particularly accurate even during drilling operation, which allows a particularly precise tillage.

A particularly reliable operation of the construction machine according to the invention is given in accordance with a preferred embodiment in that the adjusting device has at least one hydraulic drive. Alternatively or additionally, for example, an electric motor or another type of drive could be used for moving the locking element.

The hydraulic drive of the adjusting device may for example have an independent hydraulic linear motor, on which end the locking element is arranged. However, according to the invention, a particularly simple construction machine results from the fact that the locking element forms a hydraulic piston of the hydraulic drive. In this case, therefore, the locking element itself is part of a hydraulic linear motor and hydraulic fluid is applied directly to the movable locking element itself to move this. As a result, the number of movable components is reduced, thus increasing the reliability of the device according to the invention.

A particularly reliable operation of the construction machine according to the invention can also be ensured by the fact that the adjusting device with the locking element form a parking brake, which can also be referred to as a holding brake. Such a holding brake sets the broker on the chassis in the absence of resource supply and opens only when supplies. If a hydraulic drive is used, then the adjusting device is preferably designed such that the locking element is moved in the first position at a pressure drop on the hydraulic drive. Such a holding brake is thus hydraulically released. By using a holding brake ensures that the broker is safe and rotatably connected to the chassis even when transporting the construction machine, so if it is not in operation.

A particularly simple and reliable construction machine according to the invention can be obtained by providing a spring, in particular a plate spring, for returning the locking element to the first position. In this case, the locking force can be applied in a particularly simple manner by spring force. The spring may in particular also be designed as a cup spring package.

A construction machine with a particularly accurately positionable broker can be obtained by providing at least one friction surface for the non-positive fixing of the leader on the chassis in the first position of the locking element on the locking element. In this case, the brake can engage in any position of the leader.

For particularly secure setting of the leader, it may alternatively or additionally be provided that at least one toothed element is arranged on the arresting element for the positive fixing of the leader on the chassis in the first position of the locking element. The tooth element may be, for example, a tooth or a recess provided for receiving a tooth.

It is preferred that the broker has a shaft formed about the pivot axis, which is arranged from one on the chassis Sleeve is surrounded. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the chassis has a shaft formed about the pivot axis, which is surrounded by a sleeve arranged on the leader. The locking element is suitably formed on the sleeve, but may in principle also be arranged on the shaft. As a result, a secure rotationally fixed mounting of the leader in the first position of the locking element is ensured in a compact design.

A particularly good locking effect with a simple construction can be given by the fact that the locking element is formed like a ring and surrounds arranged on the broker or on the chassis shaft. For moving the locking element between the first position and the second position, this is suitably moved approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the leader, that is to say as a rule, ie. in the case of an approximately vertical broker, move vertically up and down.

A particularly good locking effect results suitably in that at least one disc element is arranged on the shaft, on which the locking element can be applied in the first position. To form a multi-disc brake, a plurality of disc elements and locking elements can also be provided.

A particularly high torsional strength of the leader is further ensured according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in that two contact surfaces are provided on the shaft, in particular on the disc element, wherein in the first position of the locking element, a first contact surface with the locking element and a second contact surface with the Sleeve is in contact. In this case, the broker is fixed to the chassis at the first position of the locking element at two different locations. A first non-rotatable Connection between broker and chassis is between the locking element and the shaft at the first contact surface. A second non-rotatable connection exists at the second contact surface between shaft and sleeve. In order to establish the contact on both contact surfaces can be provided in particular that the shaft relative to the sleeve during retraction of the locking element in the first position in the direction of the pivot axis is displaceable. Advantageously, the disc element has a frusto-conical, ie conical, lateral surface over which a force, in particular a normal force, can be applied for fixing the leader by means of the arresting element.

It is particularly suitable that the lateral surface of the disc element is formed doppelkonisch, wherein the first contact surface on a first conical shell portion and the second contact surface on a second conical shell portion which is formed inversely to the first conical shell portion is arranged. Under the inverse arrangement is understood in this case that the two conical shell sections taper in the opposite direction. By such an arrangement particularly large contact surfaces are provided with compact disc elements, resulting in a particularly high holding force results.

A particularly reliable and precise pivoting of the leader on the chassis can be achieved in that the pivot drive has a rotary motor, in particular a hydraulic rotary motor. The rotary actuator can, however, in principle also have, for example, at least one hydraulic linear motor.

A particularly reliable construction machine can be given according to a preferred embodiment in that a Control is provided, which is designed for automatic movement of the locking element in the second position during operation of the pivot drive. For this purpose, for example, be provided that the adjusting device of the locking element is acted upon by the operating pressure of the hydraulic rotary actuator, to which a hydraulic line may be provided which is on the one hand with an operating pressure line of the hydraulic rotary motor and on the other hand with the adjusting device in connection. In this way it can be achieved that the locking element automatically upon actuation of the pivot drive, in particular hydraulically, is released. Conversely, the controller can also be designed so that the locking element is automatically moved at standstill of the pivot drive in the first position in which it determines the leader rotatably on the chassis.

Suitably, the chassis on an erectile boom on which the broker is pivotally mounted about said pivot axis. Such a boom can be moved to transport the construction machine from an approximately vertical position to an approximately horizontal position, whereby the broker is folded. Suitably, the pivot axis extends outside of the leader, in particular between the broker and the boom. For accurate positioning of the leader in the tillage, in addition to the pivot drive according to the invention, further pivot drives for adjusting the leader, in particular about approximately horizontally extending axes of rotation, can be provided. The broker may be formed in particular height adjustable.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Baumaschine;

Fig. 2

eine teilweise geschnittene Detailansicht der Baumaschine der Fig. 1 im Bereich des Schwenkantriebes, wobei das Arretierelement und das Scheibenelement der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht dargestellt sind; und

Fig. 3

eine stark schematisierte Detailansicht der Baumaschine im Bereich A der Fig. 2, d.h. im Bereich des Arretierelementes, wobei sich das Arretierelement in der zweiten Stellung befindet, in welcher der Mäkler freigegeben ist.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments, which are shown schematically in the figures. In the figures show:

Fig. 1

a side view of a construction machine according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a partially sectioned detail view of the construction machine of Figure 1 in the region of the pivot drive, wherein the locking element and the disk element for clarity are not shown. and

Fig. 3

a highly schematic detailed view of the construction machine in the area A of Fig. 2, ie in the region of the locking element, wherein the locking element is in the second position in which the broker is released.

An inventive construction machine with an erectable and pivotable leader is shown in Fig. 1. The construction machine has a broker 10, which is arranged on a chassis 2 about an approximately perpendicular to the bottom surface and parallel to Mäklerlängsachse 7 pivot axis 6 pivotally. The chassis 2, which is only roughly illustrated, has a chassis 21 designed as a chain drive, on which a superstructure 22 is rotatably arranged about an approximately vertical axis of rotation.

The broker 10 has a mast element 12, which is movable on a guide carriage 13 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 14 for height adjustment. On the mast element 12, in turn, a carriage 18 is arranged longitudinally displaceable, which serves to hold a drive head, not shown, for a harrow.

The chassis 2 has a front arm 71, on which an erectile arm 73 about an approximately horizontally extending Axis is provided pivotably. To transport the construction machine, this erectile arm 73 can be tilted about the approximately horizontal axis by means of a hydraulic cylinder 74 from its approximately perpendicular position to an approximately horizontal position.

For pivoting the leader 10 about the pivot axis 6, this is rotatably mounted on its guide carriage 13 at an upper bearing 78 and at a lower bearing 79 on the erectile arm 73. In this case, the pivot axis 6 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the hydraulic cylinder 14 provided for height adjustment of the mast element 12.

As can be seen in FIG. 1 and in particular also in FIG. 2, a pivoting drive 30 designed as a hydraulic rotary motor for pivoting the leader 10 about the pivot axis 6 is provided in the region of the lower bearing 79. At the lower bearing 79, a bearing ring 76 is provided for the rotatable mounting of the leader 10 on the chassis 2, which is connected via a web 77 with the guide carriage 13 of the leader 10. In the interior of this bearing ring 76, symmetrically to the pivot axis 6, a shaft 33 is arranged, which extends from the bearing ring 76 in the direction of the mast base. In this shaft 33 engages a drive pin 31 of the rotary actuator 30 rotatably. The motor housing of the pivot drive 30 is in turn arranged on a sleeve 37 which surrounds the shaft 33 and is connected via a web 40 with the erectable arm 73 of the chassis 2. On the sleeve 37 of the bearing ring 76 is located.

A detailed view of the construction machine according to the invention in area A of FIG. 2 is roughly schematic in FIG. 3, with omission the pivot drive 30, shown. As can be seen in FIG. 3, a locking element 51 which is displaceable parallel to the swivel axis 6 is provided in the interior of the sleeve 37, and the shaft 33 on the chassis 2 is arranged on the chassis 2 for rotationally fixed fixing of the leader 10 37, from a second position shown in the figure, in which the leader 10 is released, in the direction of the arrow upwards into a first position is movable.

Fig. 3 shows the locking member 51 in the second position in which the broker 10 is released. In this position, the locking element 51 is moved by means of a control device remotely in the direction of the mast base to a stop with the sleeve 37. For moving to the second position, an annular piston chamber 56 is formed between the locking element 51, which surrounds the shaft 33 annularly, and the sleeve 37 surrounding the locking element 51 above the locking element 51, which can be acted upon by pressurized fluid via a hydraulic line 57 formed in the sleeve 37 is. In this case, the locking element 51 forms a hydraulic piston of the adjusting device.

To return the locking member 51 from the lower, second position in which the leader 10 is released, in the first position in which the leader 10 is locked, is below the locking member 51, between the locking member 51 and the sleeve 37, a as Compression spring shown spring 53 is provided, which is preferably designed as a plate spring. With decreasing hydraulic pressure in the piston chamber 56, the spring 53 pushes the locking member 51 upwards, so that this comes to rest on the shaft 33 and a relative movement of the shaft 33 against the locking member 51 locks. So that a relative movement between the shaft 33 and the sleeve 37th is locked, the locking member 51 is in particular a form-fitting rotationally fixed in the sleeve 37 is arranged.

In the region of the locking element 51, the shaft 33 has a disk element 42, on which the outer circumference of the shaft 33 is enlarged. On the jacket of the disc element 42, a truncated cone-shaped first contact surface 34 is provided, on which the arresting element 51 comes to rest in its first position with a likewise frustoconical surface region. The first contact surface 34 tapers in the direction of the mast base.

On the jacket of the disc element 42, a second truncated cone-shaped contact surface 35 is also provided, which tapers towards the top of the mast. This second contact surface 35 is provided for engagement with a corresponding contact surface of the sleeve 37 in the first position of the locking element 51. In the second position shown in Fig. 3, however, the second contact surface 35 is spaced from the sleeve 37. So that the shaft 33 with its second contact surface 35 in the first position on the sleeve 37 can come to rest, the sleeve 37 and the shaft 33 are arranged relative to each other in the direction of the pivot axis 6 movable.

If the pressure in the piston chamber 56 drops in the second position of the locking element 51 shown in FIG. 3, this is pressed against the disk element 42 by means of the spring 53 on the first, lower contact surface 34. The locking member 51 now takes the disc member 42 and the shaft 33 relative to the sleeve 37 up with, whereby the disc member 42 is pressed against the sleeve 37 also on the second, upper contact surface 35. As a result, a frictional engagement between sleeve 37 and shaft 33, which locks the broker 10 on the chassis 2, is produced on both contact surfaces 34, 35. To improve the Frictional connection between the shaft 33 and the sleeve 37 are provided on the disc element 42 on the contact surfaces 34, 35 friction linings 45. Corresponding friction linings can also be provided on the corresponding surfaces of the sleeve 37 and the locking element 51.

In order to allow a relative movement between sleeve 37 and shaft 33 and at the same time to ensure a secure Mäklerlagerung on the lower bearing 79, the sleeve 37 may in particular comprise a plurality of sleeve members, not all of which are movable relative to the shaft 33.

Claims (11)

Construction machine, in particular drilling and / or pile driving apparatus, for civil engineering, with a chassis (2), - A on the chassis (2) arranged leader (10) for longitudinally displaceable guiding a drive head, - Wherein the broker (10) on the chassis (2) about an at least approximately parallel to Mäklerlängsachse (7) extending pivot axis (6) is pivotally mounted, and a pivot drive (30) for the driven pivoting of the leader (10) about the pivot axis (6), characterized, - That at least one locking element (51) is provided, which between a first position in which it determines the leader (10) about the pivot axis (6) rotatably on the chassis (2), and a second position in which the leader (10 ), is movable, and - That an adjusting device for remote controlled operation of the locking element (51) is provided. Construction machine according to claim 1,
characterized, - That the adjusting device has at least one hydraulic drive, and - That the locking element (51) in particular forms a hydraulic piston of the hydraulic drive. Construction machine according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the adjusting device is designed so that the locking element (51) is moved in the first position at a pressure drop on the hydraulic drive. Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that a spring (53), in particular a cup spring, for returning the locking element (51) is provided in the first position. Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that at least one friction surface for frictionally locking and / or at least one toothed element for the positive fixing of the leader (10) on the chassis (2) is arranged on the arresting element (51) in the first position of the arresting element (51). Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized, - That the broker (10) or the chassis (2) has a about the pivot axis (6) formed shaft (33) which is surrounded by a on the chassis (2) or on the broker (10) arranged sleeve (37), - That the locking element (51) on the sleeve (37) is formed, and - That the locking element (51) is preferably formed like a ring and the at the broker (10) or chassis (2) arranged shaft (33) surrounds. Construction machine according to claim 6,
characterized,
in that at least one disc element (42), on which the locking element (51) can be applied in the first position, is arranged on the shaft (33). Construction machine according to one of claims 6 or 7,
characterized,
in that on the shaft (33), in particular on the disk element (42), two contact surfaces (34, 35) are provided, wherein in the first position of the locking element (51) a first contact surface (34) with the locking element (51) and a second Contact surface (35) with the sleeve (37) is in contact. Construction machine according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the outer surface of the disc member (42) is formed as a double cone, wherein the first contact surface (34) at a first conical shell portion and the second contact surface (35) at a second conical shell portion, which is inversely adapted to first conical jacket portion, is disposed. Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
in that the swivel drive (30) has a rotary motor, in particular a hydraulic rotary motor. Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
that a control is provided which is arranged to automatically process the locking member (51) in the second position during operation of the pivot drive (30).

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