EP1782632A1 - Procede et appareil de codage d'une image, et procede et appareil de decodage d'une image - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de codage d'une image, et procede et appareil de decodage d'une image

Info

Publication number
EP1782632A1
EP1782632A1 EP05780541A EP05780541A EP1782632A1 EP 1782632 A1 EP1782632 A1 EP 1782632A1 EP 05780541 A EP05780541 A EP 05780541A EP 05780541 A EP05780541 A EP 05780541A EP 1782632 A1 EP1782632 A1 EP 1782632A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image
omni
region
interest
directional
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05780541A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gwang-Hoon B-302 Donga Villa PARK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Kyung Hee University
Original Assignee
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Kyung Hee University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020040075972A external-priority patent/KR100739686B1/ko
Application filed by Samsung Electronics Co Ltd, Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Kyung Hee University filed Critical Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Publication of EP1782632A1 publication Critical patent/EP1782632A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/81—Monomedia components thereof
    • H04N21/8146—Monomedia components thereof involving graphical data, e.g. 3D object, 2D graphics
    • H04N21/8153—Monomedia components thereof involving graphical data, e.g. 3D object, 2D graphics comprising still images, e.g. texture, background image
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234363—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by altering the spatial resolution, e.g. for clients with a lower screen resolution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • H04N21/2662—Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H04N21/4728—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for selecting a Region Of Interest [ROI], e.g. for requesting a higher resolution version of a selected region

Definitions

  • the present general inventive concept relates to an image encoding/decoding technique, and more particularly, to a method of encoding/decoding an omni-di- rectional image for three-dimensional (3D) realistic broadcasting.
  • Omni-directional video camera systems are camera systems that photograph a 360
  • Omni-directional video camera systems include a camera to which a special mirror, such as a hyperboloid mirror, or a special lens, such as a fish-eye lens, is installed or a plurality of cameras to photograph an omni-directional view.
  • a special mirror such as a hyperboloid mirror
  • a special lens such as a fish-eye lens
  • all image information regarding scenes viewed from diverse viewpoints including a viewpoint of a pitcher, a viewpoint of a catcher, a viewpoint of a hitter, and a viewpoint of an audience on the first base side in a baseball game is provided to a viewer's terminal.
  • the viewer can select a desired viewpoint and view a scene from the desired viewpoint.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a con ⁇ ventional omni-directional video encoding/decoding system.
  • an omni-directional image is acquired using an omni-directional photographing unit 110.
  • An image converter 120 converts the omni-directional image into a predetermined format that can be processed by an existing MPEG-4 encoder 130.
  • An image photographed using an omni-directional camera system using a special lens or mirror or a plurality of cameras has characteristics corresponding to a 3D spherical environment. Since a conventional video codec receives, compresses, and transmits a 2D image, a 3D image photographed using an omni-directional camera system needs to be converted into a 2D image. Cartographical projection and polygonal projection have been presented to convert a 3D image into a 2D image.
  • Cartographical projection is a process of projecting a spherical shape onto a complete rectangular plane like producing a typical world map.
  • Polygonal projection is a process of projecting a spherical shape into a development figure of a polyhedron.
  • the MPEG-4 encoder 130 encodes the converted image to generate a bitstream and transmits the bitstream to a decoding unit of a user.
  • An MPEG-4 decoder 140 decodes the bitstream.
  • An image converter 150 converts the decoded bitstream into an omni ⁇ directional image.
  • a display unit 160 displays the omni-directional image.
  • the present general inventive concept provides an image encoding method and apparatus by which an omni-directional image is efficiently transmitted and a user's region-of-interest in the omni-directional image is provided to the user with improved picture quality.
  • the present general inventive concept also provides an image decoding method and apparatus by which a user's region-of-interest with improved picture quality in the omni-directional image is received and displayed.
  • a rough omni-directional image is transmitted first to a decoding apparatus through a channel having a restricted bandwidth and then a high-resolution image of a region-of-interest selected by a user from the omni-directional image is provided to the user. Therefore, the present invention can transmit an omni-directional image efficiently and improve the picture quality of a user's region-of-interest in the omni-directional image.
  • FlG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional omni-directional video encoding/ decoding system ;
  • FlG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept
  • FlG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept
  • FlG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of encoding an image according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept
  • FlG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of decoding an image according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept
  • FlG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an image encoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • FlG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an image decoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • the foregoing and/or other aspects of the present general inventive concept are achieved by providing a method of encoding an image, the method including generating a first bitstream by encoding an omni-directional image and transmitting the first bitstream to a decoding apparatus, receiving position information of a region- of-interest selected from an image reconstructed based on the first bitstream from the decoding apparatus, and generating a second bitstream by encoding an image of the region-of-interest based on the position information.
  • an apparatus to encode an image including a first encoder to encode an omni-directional image to generate a first bitstream, a data communicator to transmit the first bitstream to decoding apparatus and to receive position information of a region-of-interest selected from an image reconstructed based on the first bitstream from the decoding apparatus, and a second encoder to encode an image of the region- of-interest based on the position information to generate a second bitstream.
  • the foregoing and/or other aspects of the present general inventive concept are also achieved by providing a method of decoding an image, the method including receiving a first bitstream generated by encoding an omni-directional image from an encoding apparatus, decoding the first bitstream and displaying a reconstructed image, transmitting position information of a region-of-interest selected from the re ⁇ constructed image to the encoding apparatus, receiving a second bitstream generated by encoding an image of the region-of-interest from the encoding apparatus, and decoding the second bitstream.
  • an apparatus to decode an image including a first decoder to receive a first bitstream generated by encoding an omni-directional image from an encoding apparatus and to decode the first bitstream to generate a reconstructed omni ⁇ directional image, a first display unit to display the reconstructed omni-directional image output from the first decoder, a data communicator to transmit position in ⁇ formation of a region-of-interest selected from the reconstructed omni-directional image displayed through the first display unit to the encoding apparatus, and a second decoder to receive a second bitstream generated by encoding an image of the region- of-interest from the encoding apparatus and to decode the second bitstream.
  • a user may want to make a viewpoint transition based on information regarding the full omni-directional image and closely and partially observe a region-of-interest in the full omni-directional image.
  • embodiments of the present general inventive concept provide a method and apparatus to transmit a portion of the omni-directional image other than the user's region- of-interest to the user's terminal using a minimum bandwidth and transmitting an image of the region-of-interest at a high resolution.
  • a full panorama image is provided to a decoding apparatus at a low definition to provide the user a rough view of the panorama image.
  • a high-resolution image of the region-of-interest is provided to the decoding apparatus.
  • FlG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • the image encoding apparatus includes a first encoder 210, a data communicator 220, a first conversion unit 240, a second conversion unit 230, a region-of-interest selector 250, a subtractor 260, and a second encoder 270.
  • the omni-directional image may be an annular image, but is not limited thereto.
  • the omni-directional camera system may be a camera system including a special lens or a combination of a mirror and a lens, and can photograph up to a 360 ° omni ⁇ directional view from a single viewpoint.
  • Sony's TVR-900 and HDW F900 are examples of such an omni-directional camera system.
  • the TVR-900 can photograph a 180 ° view and the HDW F900 can photograph a 360 ° view.
  • the omni ⁇ directional camera system can obtain an omni-directional image using a plurality of cameras.
  • An annular image is an image that is photographed after being reflected from a mirror in a mirror-based omni-directional camera system and implies a 360 ° omni ⁇ directional image.
  • the first encoder 210 receives and encodes the annular image using a pre ⁇ determined method to generate an annular image bitstream.
  • An encoder complying with a Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG)-4 Part 2 standard or an H.264 (or MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC) standard may be used as the first encoder 210.
  • MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group
  • H.264 or MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC
  • the present general inventive concept is not restricted thereto, and an encoder modified to be suitable to an annular image may alternatively be used as the first encoder 210.
  • An annular image bitstream generated by the first encoder 210 is transmitted via the data communicator 220 to an image decoding apparatus, such as the image decoding apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the image decoding apparatus decodes the annular image bitstream to obtain a reconstructed annular image, converts the re ⁇ constructed annular image into a panorama image, and displays the panorama image through a panorama image display unit 330 (see FIG. 3).
  • the first encoder 210 also generates a reconstructed annular image suitable to a particular bandwidth based on the annular image bitstream and stores it in a reconstructed annular image buffer (not shown).
  • the first encoder 210 generates the reconstructed annular image by decoding the annular image bitstream generated therein, and therefore the first encoder 210 has a decoding capability as well as an encoding capability.
  • the reconstructed annular image generated by the first encoder 210 is input to the second conversion unit 230.
  • the first conversion unit 240 includes a first annular-to-panorama converter (APC)
  • the second conversion unit 230 includes a second APC 231 and a second PPIC 233.
  • the first conversion unit 240 and the second conversion unit 230 respectively convert the original annular image and the reconstructed annular image into a pre ⁇ determined image format.
  • the first APC 241 and the second APC 231 convert the original annular image and the reconstructed annular image into first and second panorama images, respectively.
  • Cartographical projection and polygonal projection are methods that can be used by the first APC 241 and the second APC 231 to covert the original annular image and the reconstructed annular image into two-dimensional (2D) images (i.e. the first and second panorama images).
  • the first PPIC 243 and the second PPIC 233 convert the first and second panorama images into first and second perspective images, respectively.
  • Parallel projection and perspective projection are methods that can be used by the first PPIC 243 and the second PPIC 237 to convert the first and second panorama images into the first and second perspective images.
  • the region-of-interest selector 250 receives position information of a region- of-interest selected by a user from an image decoding apparatus, such as the image decoding apparatus illustrated in FlG. 3, and controls the first PPIC 243 and the second PPIC 233 to output the first and second perspective images corresponding to the region-of-interest.
  • the subtractor 260 outputs an error image between the first perspective image output from the first PPIC 243 and the second perspective image output from the second PPIC 233 to the second encoder 270.
  • the second encoder 270 encodes the error image using a predetermined method to generate a perspective image bitstream to be transmitted to the image decoding apparatus.
  • An encoder complying with the MPEG-4 Part 2 standard or the H.264 (or MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC) standard may be used as the second encoder 270, but the present general inventive concept is not restricted thereto.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of encoding an image according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • an omni-directional annular image is generated by an omni-di- rectional camera system (not shown).
  • the omni-directional annular image is input to the first encoder 210.
  • the omni-directional annular image is encoded by the first encoder 210 using a predetermined encoding method, such as the MPEG-4 Part 2 or the H.264, and thus an annular image bitstream, i.e., a first bitstream, is generated.
  • the annular image bitstream (first bitstream) is transmitted via the data communicator 220 to the image decoding apparatus, as il ⁇ lustrated in FIG. 3, over a predetermined channel.
  • the image decoding apparatus decodes the received annular image bitstream (first bitstream) to obtain a reconstructed annular image, converts the reconstructed annular image into a panorama image, and displays the panorama image through a panorama image display unit, such as the panorama image display unit 330 of FIG. 3 to be described in more detail infra.
  • the picture quality of the panorama image displayed through the panorama image display unit 330 cannot be guaranteed, but a user can view a full image through the panorama image display unit 330.
  • the user may input a command to select a region-of-interest, which the user wants to view more closely, in the full image displayed by the panorama image display unit 330, using a user interface (UI) 340 (see FIG. 3).
  • UI user interface
  • Position information of the region-of-interest is output from the UI 340 and transmitted through a data communicator 350 (see FlG. 3) to the image encoding apparatus of FlG. 2. Then, at operation S440, the position information of the region- of-interest is received by the region-of-interest selector 250 of the image encoding apparatus.
  • the region-of-interest selector 250 controls the first PPIC 243 and the second PPIC 233 to output images corresponding to the region-of-interest according to the position information of the region-of-interest.
  • the first PPIC 243 extracts an image corresponding to the region-of-interest from a first panorama image output from the first APC 241 and converts the extracted image into a first perspective image.
  • the second PPIC 233 extracts an image corresponding to the region- of-interest from a second panorama image output from the second APC 231 and converts the extracted image into a second perspective image.
  • the first perspective image output from the first PPIC 243 is a result of converting an original annular image into the first panorama image and then converting the first panorama image into the first perspective image.
  • the second perspective image output from the second PPIC 233 is a result of converting a reconstructed annular image output from the first encoder 210 into the second panorama image and then converting the second panorama image into the second perspective image.
  • the first perspective image output from the first PPIC 243 may be referred to as an original region-of-interest image and the output image from the second PPIC 233 may be referred to as a reconstructed region-of-interest image.
  • the subtractor 260 outputs an error image between the original region-of-interest image and the reconstructed region-of-interest image to the second encoder 270.
  • an amount of transmission data can be reduced as compared to encoding all of the original region-of-interest image.
  • the second encoder 270 encodes the error image using a predetermined encoding method, such as the MPEG-4 Part 2 or the H.264, to generate a perspective image bitstream, i.e. a second bitstream, to be transmitted to the image decoding apparatus.
  • the perspective image bitstream (second bitstream) is transmitted to the image decoding apparatus.
  • the user can view a high-resolution image of the region-of-interest.
  • FlG. 3 illustrates an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • the image decoding apparatus includes a first decoder 310, a conversion unit 320, the UI 340, the data communicator 350, a region-of-interest selector 360, a second decoder 370, and a mixer 380.
  • the image decoding apparatus of FlG. 3 receives an annular image bitstream and a perspective image bitstream from an image encoding apparatus, such as the image encoding apparatus of FlG. 2, and displays a full panorama image through the panorama image display unit 330 and a perspective image of a region-of-interest through a perspective image display unit (not shown).
  • the first decoder 310 receives and decodes the annular image bitstream generated by encoding an annular image.
  • the conversion unit 320 includes an APC 321 and a PPIC 323.
  • the conversion unit 320 receives a reconstructed annular image output from the first decoder 310 and converts the reconstructed annular image into a pre ⁇ determined image format.
  • the APC 321 converts the reconstructed annular image into a panorama image.
  • the PPIC 323 converts the panorama image into a perspective image.
  • the UI 340 receives a command input by a user.
  • the data communicator 350 performs data communication with an image encoding apparatus, such as the image encoding apparatus of FlG. 2.
  • the region-of-interest selector 360 receives position in ⁇ formation of a region-of-interest selected by the user from the UI 340 and controls the PPIC 323 to output an image of the region-of-interest.
  • the mixer 380 mixes an output image from the second decoder 370 and the image output from the PPIC 323 to generate a perspective image to be displayed by the perspective image display unit.
  • the output image from the second decoder 370 is the error image between the original region-of-interest image and the reconstructed region-of-interest image. Accordingly, a complete perspective image can be obtained by mixing the error image, i.e., the output image from the second decoder 370 and the reconstructed region-of-interest image, i.e., the output image from the PPIC 323.
  • FlG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of decoding an image according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • an annular image bitstream i.e., a first bitstream generated by encoding an omni-directional annular image
  • the annular image bitstream is decoded by the first decoder 310 and then converted into a panorama image by the APC 321, and the panorama image is displayed by the panorama image display unit 330.
  • a user can view the panorama image that is not a high-resolution image but provides an omni-directional image through the panorama image display unit 330.
  • the user may input a command to select a region-of-interest, which the user wants to view more closely in the omni-directional image displayed by the panorama image display unit 330, using the UI 340.
  • position information of the region- of-interest is output from the UI 340 and received by the region-of-interest selector 360.
  • the position information of the region-of-interest output from the UI 340 is transmitted through the data communicator 350 to an image encoding apparatus, such as the image encoding apparatus illustrated in FTG. 2.
  • the image encoding apparatus generates a perspective image bitstream including high-resolution perspective image data corresponding to the region-of-interest based on the position in ⁇ formation of the region-of-interest and transmits the perspective image bitstream to the image decoding apparatus of FTG.
  • the perspective image bitstream i.e., a second bitstream
  • the perspective image bitstream is received through the data communicator 350 and input to the second decoder 370.
  • the perspective image bitstream (second bitstream) is decoded by the second decoder 370 and then output to the mixer 380.
  • the mixer 380 mixes an output image from the second decoder 370 and an output image from the PPIC 323, thereby generating a perspective image of the region-of-interest.
  • the perspective image of the region-of-interest is displayed by the perspective image display unit (not shown).
  • FTG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an image encoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • the image encoding apparatus of FIG. 6 has a similar structure to the image encoding apparatus of FTG. 2, with the exception that the image encoding apparatus of FTG. 6 further includes a down-sampler 205 and an up-sampler 215 to provide spatial scalability.
  • FTG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an image decoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • the image decoding apparatus of FIG. 7 is provided to correspond to the image encoding apparatus of FTG. 6 and has a similar structure to the image decoding apparatus of FIG. 3, with the exception that the image decoding apparatus of FTG. 7 further includes an up-sampler 315 to up-sample an output image from the first decoder 310 in order to correspond to the image encoding apparatus of FIG. 6, which provides spatial scalability.
  • the present general inventive concept can also be embodied as computer readable codes on a computer readable recording medium.
  • the computer readable recording medium can be any data storage device that can store data which can be thereafter read by a computer system. Examples of the computer readable recording medium include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and carrier waves (such as data transmission through the Internet).
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random-access memory
  • CD-ROMs compact discs
  • magnetic tapes magnetic tapes
  • floppy disks floppy disks
  • optical data storage devices such as data transmission through the Internet
  • carrier waves such as data transmission through the Internet
  • a rough omni-directional image is transmitted first to a decoding apparatus through a channel having a restricted bandwidth and then a high-resolution image of a region-of-interest selected by a user from the omni-directional image is provided to the user.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de codage d'une image, et un procédé et un appareil de décodage d'une image. L'appareil de codage d'image comprend un premier codeur conçu pour coder une image omnidirectionnelle afin que soit généré un premier train de bits, un communicateur de données conçu pour transmettre le premier train de bits à un appareil de décodage d'image et pour recevoir des informations de position d'une région d'intérêt sélectionnée à partir d'une image reconstruite en fonction du premier train de bits provenant de l'appareil de décodage, et un deuxième codeur conçu pour coder une image de la région d'intérêt en fonction des informations de position afin que soit généré un deuxième train de bits.
EP05780541A 2004-08-13 2005-08-12 Procede et appareil de codage d'une image, et procede et appareil de decodage d'une image Withdrawn EP1782632A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60114704P 2004-08-13 2004-08-13
KR1020040075972A KR100739686B1 (ko) 2004-08-13 2004-09-22 영상 코딩 방법, 코딩 장치, 영상 디코딩 방법 및 디코딩장치
PCT/KR2005/002638 WO2006016782A1 (fr) 2004-08-13 2005-08-12 Procede et appareil de codage d'une image, et procede et appareil de decodage d'une image

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EP1782632A1 true EP1782632A1 (fr) 2007-05-09

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