EP1777408B1 - Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1777408B1
EP1777408B1 EP06120595A EP06120595A EP1777408B1 EP 1777408 B1 EP1777408 B1 EP 1777408B1 EP 06120595 A EP06120595 A EP 06120595A EP 06120595 A EP06120595 A EP 06120595A EP 1777408 B1 EP1777408 B1 EP 1777408B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
injection valve
fuel
fuel injection
holding body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06120595A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1777408A1 (en
Inventor
Nadja Eisenmenger
Hans-Christoph Magel
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1777408A1 publication Critical patent/EP1777408A1/en
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Publication of EP1777408B1 publication Critical patent/EP1777408B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/005—Arrangement of electrical wires and connections, e.g. wire harness, sockets, plugs; Arrangement of electronic control circuits in or on fuel injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0057—Means for avoiding fuel contact with valve actuator, e.g. isolating actuators by using bellows or diaphragms

Definitions

  • Hub-driven common-rail systems are currently being used increasingly to introduce fuel into direct-injection diesel engines.
  • the valve member here the valve needle, moves and releases injection openings through which the fuel is injected into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the advantage here is that the injection pressure can be adapted to the load and the speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector includes a piezo actuator that directly controls the pressure on a nozzle needle.
  • the piezo actuator is surrounded by fuel, which is provided in a so-called rail and is under injection pressure. Between the nozzle needle and the piezo actuator, a hydraulic coupling space is provided to compensate for length tolerances and thermal drift. Since the entire piezo actuator is surrounded by the fuel, which is under the high fuel pressure of the rail, electrical supply lines must be led out of the piezo actuator to the outside in order to create the control voltage to the piezo actuator can.
  • an actuator base is formed on the piezoelectric actuator, in which the lines are led to the outside.
  • the lines are led in a Glaseinschmelzung, which are sealed fuel-tight.
  • the actuator base takes on two tasks. On the one hand, it must absorb the force exerted by the fuel pressure on the piezo actuator and, in addition, the force of a spring, which biases the piezo actuator against the actuator base. This force, which can be some 1000 N in modern fuel injection valves, must be supported on the actuator foot in such a way that it aligns as well as possible with the longitudinal axis of the piezoactuator. Otherwise, it could lead to increased wear, to lateral forces or jamming of the moving parts in the fuel injection valve.
  • the support of the Aktorfußes on the housing of the fuel injection valve for example, via a ball-and-cone contact, wherein the actuator foot, a spherical surface and the housing of the fuel injection valve, a conical surface is formed.
  • a circular sealing line Between the spherical surface and the conical surface forms a circular sealing line, which also takes over the function of the high-pressure seal in addition to the gimbal of the actuator.
  • the contact pressure and thus the sealing force on the sealing line depends on the rail pressure and on the spring used, which pretensions the piezo actuator.
  • At high Rail Room usually a sufficiently large force is present to prevent leakage at this point. Disadvantage of this construction, as for example from the DE 103 36 327 A1 is known, however, that at low Rail exam the sealing force decreases and the required sealing function is no longer ensured.
  • an injection valve with a piezoelectric actuator is known, which is arranged in a housing formed in a cavity.
  • the piezoelectric actuator has contact elements, via which the piezoelectric actuator bears against the housing and via which the electrical contacting is guided in order to supply the piezoelectric actuator with the necessary voltage.
  • EP 1 577 960 A1 has an actuator housing, which is designed as a cylindrical sleeve and is welded to the housing.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the opposite over the advantage that at each rail pressure sufficient tightness is given at the contact point between the piezoelectric actuator and the housing of the fuel injection valve.
  • a cavity is formed in the housing of a fuel injection valve, in which a piezoelectric actuator is arranged.
  • the piezo actuator comprises a piezo element, which executes a stroke when a suitable electrical voltage is applied.
  • a fuel chamber which can be filled with fuel.
  • On the outside of the housing electrical contacts are formed, to which a suitable electrical voltage can be applied and which are connected via extending in the housing lines with the piezoelectric element.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is connected to the housing by a welded connection so that the fuel chamber is closed to the outside fuel-tight.
  • the piezo actuator comprises an actuator foot, which is firmly connected to the piezo element.
  • the actuator foot is connected via a welded connection to the housing of the fuel injection valve, wherein the lines which connect the contacts with the piezoelectric element pass through the actuator foot. Since the actuator foot is not itself piezo-active, a material can be used which is easily connectable to the material of the housing, that is, for example, welded or can be securely connected by a suitable adhesive connection.
  • a planar surface is formed on the actuator base and on the holding body, which forms part of the housing, with which the actuator foot and the holding body abut each other.
  • a flat surface can be used to produce a secure adhesive bond between the holding body and the actuator base by adhesive applied between the surfaces. It is also well possible to attach a weld on the outside of the flat surfaces and so safely connect the actuator base with the holding body. In an advantageous manner, the welded connection extends over the entire circumference of the actuator base.
  • the flat surfaces are formed at the end of a cylindrical portion, wherein in each case a cylindrical portion is formed on the actuator base and on the holding body.
  • Both cylindrical sections surround a sleeve, wherein the sleeve is welded or glued to both cylindrical sections.
  • the sleeve is preferably made of a material that can be either well welded or glued both with the material of the actuator base and with the material of the holding body, so that a secure connection is also given when such a connection directly between the actuator base and holder body difficult to train.
  • both cylindrical sections advantageously have at least substantially the same diameter.
  • the actuator base on a cylindrical portion, while on the holding body, a cylindrical receptacle is formed, in which the cylindrical portion of the actuator base in the installed position of the fuel injection valve is arranged.
  • the connection is formed by a welded or glued connection between the cylindrical receptacle and the cylindrical portion of the actuator base, so that a similar good connection is achieved as through the sleeve, but with fewer components.
  • FIG. 1 a fuel injection valve according to the invention is shown in longitudinal section.
  • the fuel injection valve comprises a housing 1, which comprises a holding body 3, a pressure sleeve 5 and an orifice plate 11, wherein the holding body 3 is screwed to the pressure sleeve 5 via a clamping sleeve 6.
  • a nozzle 8 connects, which is bolted via a clamping nut 12 with the pressure sleeve 5, so that the nozzle 8 is clamped with the interposition of the throttle disk 11 against the housing 1.
  • the nozzle 8 comprises a nozzle body 10, in which a bore is formed, in which a piston-shaped nozzle needle 13 is arranged longitudinally displaceable.
  • the nozzle needle 13 controls in the known manner the opening of at least one injection opening 14, via which the fuel is injected directly into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • a control chamber 28 is formed, wherein the two parts of the control chamber 28 are connected to each other via a throttle 29 which is formed in the throttle plate 11.
  • the control pin 25 is in this case arranged in a formed in the pressure sleeve 5 cavity 7, in which a piezoelectric actuator 15 is present.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 15 comprises a piezoelectric element 17, which consists of a piezoactive material and has a plurality of layers, between which electrodes are formed.
  • the piezoelectric element 17 lies with its end face, which faces the nozzle 8, on the control pin 25, and with the opposite end face on an actuator foot 19, which is part of the piezo-actuator 15.
  • the piezo-element 17 is in this case surrounded by a sleeve which isolates the piezoelectric element 17 to the outside in a liquid-tight manner, so that a fuel space 24 remaining between the piezoactuator 15 and the piezoelectric element 17 can be filled with fuel without the functionality of the piezo actuator 15 to affect.
  • the control pin 25 is surrounded by a tension spring 27, which is supported on the one hand on the control pin 25 and on the other hand via a sleeve 26 on the throttle plate 11. Since the tension spring 27 is arranged under pressure bias, it pushes the control pin 25 against the piezo actuator 15 and thereby characterized with the actuator base 19 against the holding body 3. Thus, the entire piezo element 17 is set under pressure bias, which ensures that the piezo Element 17 never comes under tension during operation.
  • electrical contacts 22 are formed, which are connected via electrical lines 21 which extend in the holding body 3, with the piezoelectric element 17.
  • a fuel port 32 through which the fuel injection valve is connected to a high-pressure fuel source, preferably a rail of a common rail system.
  • a high-pressure fuel source preferably a rail of a common rail system.
  • fuel can be conducted under high pressure into the fuel space 24 remaining between the piezoactuator 15 and the wall of the cavity 7. From there, the fuel can continue to flow past the pressure pin 25 through openings, not shown in the drawing, in the throttle disk 11 into the nozzle 8, where it surrounds the nozzle needle 13 and reaches into the region of the injection openings 14.
  • the operation of the fuel injection valve is as follows: If there is no injection of fuel, the piezo element 17 is energized and has reached its maximum length, so that the control pin 25 minimizes the volume of the control chamber 28. Since a high fuel pressure prevails in the control chamber 28, the valve needle 13 is in their If injection takes place, the energization of the piezoelectric element 17 is reduced, so that the piezoelectric element 14 is shortened. As a result, the valve pin 25 moves away from the nozzle 8 and increases the volume of the control chamber 28, so that the hydraulic force on the end face of the valve needle 13 decreases. By the hydraulic pressure on the valve needle 13, this is moved away from the injection openings 14 after the removal of the closing force and releases them thereby, so that an injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine takes place.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlargement of the section marked II FIG. 1 shown.
  • the lines 21, which run in the housing 1, find their continuation in the actuator foot 19, where the two lines 21 branch into the two outer electrodes 18, 18 'of the piezo-element 17.
  • Both line 21, 21 ' are here in the actuator base 19 in a Glaseinschmelzung 23, 23' out, which ensure a liquid-tight passage of the lines 21, 21 '.
  • On the actuator base 19 is a spherical or spherical shell-shaped contact surface 34 is formed, which abuts a conical contact surface 33 which is formed on the holding body 3.
  • a cylindrical portion 35 is formed, which is arranged in a cylindrical receptacle 37 which is formed on the holding body 3.
  • the receptacle 37 and the cylindrical portion 35 are in this case in their inner diameter or outer diameter matched to one another that the cylindrical portion 35 is guided with little play in the cylindrical receptacle 37.
  • a welded joint 40 is formed, which surrounds the cylindrical portion 35 on its entire circumference. In this way, a tight connection between the holding body 3 and the actuator base 19 is given, which closes the housing 1 liquid-tight to the outside regardless of the pressure in the fuel chamber 24.
  • the fuel chamber 24 is sealed liquid-tight to the outside, still being easy mountability is given. Since the holding body 3 is screwed to the pressure sleeve 5 via a clamping sleeve 6, the actuator foot 19 can first connect to the holding body 3 and then connect both parts together through the clamping sleeve 6 with the pressure sleeve 5.
  • FIG. 3 a further embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator according to the invention with the associated holding body 3 is shown.
  • On the holding body 3 here is a cylindrical portion 36 and thereon a planar end face 41 is formed and the actuator base 19 a plane planar end surface 42, wherein the actuator base 19 and holding body 3 at the end faces 41, 42 abut each other.
  • the two end faces 41, 42 are annular disk-shaped and have at least substantially the same outer diameter.
  • a weld 40 ' is formed, which surrounds the actuator base 19 or the holder body 3 over its entire circumference.
  • the welded joint 40 ' may also be provided an adhesive connection, wherein a suitable fuel-resistant adhesive between the two end faces 41, 42 is introduced.
  • the lines 21, 21 'are as in the embodiment after FIG. 2 , guided in the holding body 3 and the actuator base 19 and are completely surrounded by the welded joint 40 '.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 3 in that here a sleeve 44 is provided, which surrounds both the holding body 3 and the actuator foot 19 in the region of the flat end faces 41, 42.
  • the sleeve 44 may be formed so that it has only a small clearance, both relative to the holding body 3 and the actuator base 19.
  • the seal is made by two welds 46, 46th ', wherein the sleeve 44 is welded to both the holding body 3 and the actuator foot 19. Both welds 46, 46 'in this case surround the sleeve 44 over its entire circumference.
  • a material can be used which is well weldable both in its mating with the material of the holding body 3 and with the material of the actuator base 19, so that a tight connection over the entire life of the fuel injection valve is achieved.
  • the sleeve 44 is connected via an adhesive connection to the holding body 3 or to the actuator foot 19.
  • the fuel-resistant adhesive is in this case applied to the inside of the sleeve 44 and thus seals the passage of the lines 21 to the outside of the housing 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a non-inventive piezoelectric actuator 15 with associated housing 3 in the same representation as FIG. 3 and 4 ,
  • the actuator foot 19 is missing, so that the piezoelectric element 17 is glued directly to the housing 3.
  • the piezoelectric element 17 abuts with its end face 117 against an at least approximately equally large end face 103 of the housing 3. If the adhesive bond between the end faces 117 and 103 is fuel-resistant in this case too, it is possible to prevent the fuel from penetrating over the service life of the fuel injection valve between the piezo element 17 and the holding body 3.
  • the sealing of the lines 21, 21 ' takes place here, as in the previous embodiments, on Glaseinschmelzache 23, 23'.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)

Abstract

Fuel injection valve has a cavity, which is provided with the housing in which a piezo-actuator (15) is arranged, which exhibits a piezo-element (17). The valve has a piezo-element, which is connected in such a way with the housing by welding or by adhesive bond (40) so that the fuel tank (24) is locked externally.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Zur Einbringung von Kraftstoff in direkteinspritzende Dieselmotoren werden zurzeit vermehrt hubgesteuerte Common-Rail-Systeme eingesetzt. Dies bedeutet, dass das die Einspritzung steuernde Ventilglied dauernd vom Einspritzdruck beaufschlagt ist und die Einspritzung dadurch geschieht, dass die Gegenkraft auf das Ventilglied abgesenkt wird. Dadurch bewegt sich das Ventilglied, hier die Ventilnadel, und gibt Einspritzöffnungen frei, durch die der Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird. Der Vorteil ist dabei, dass der Einspritzdruck an die Last und die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine angepasst werden kann.Hub-driven common-rail systems are currently being used increasingly to introduce fuel into direct-injection diesel engines. This means that the injector controlling the valve member is constantly acted upon by the injection pressure and the injection is done by the counterforce is lowered to the valve member. As a result, the valve member, here the valve needle, moves and releases injection openings through which the fuel is injected into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. The advantage here is that the injection pressure can be adapted to the load and the speed of the internal combustion engine.

Es sind eine Reihe von Common-Rail-Einspritzventilen bekannt, die jeweils nach unterschiedlichen Prinzipien arbeiten. Ein Konzept ist hierbei, dass das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil einen Piezo-Aktor beinhaltet, der direkt den Druck auf eine Düsennadel steuert. Der Piezo-Aktor ist hierbei vom Kraftstoff umgeben, der in einem so genannten Rail zur Verfügung gestellt wird und unter Einspritzdruck steht. Zwischen der Düsennadel und dem Piezo-Aktor ist ein hydraulischer Kopplungsraum vorgesehen, um Längentoleranzen und thermische Drift auszugleichen. Da der gesamte Piezo-Aktor vom Kraftstoff umgeben ist, der unter dem hohen Kraftstoffdruck des Rails steht, müssen elektrische Zuleitungen aus dem Piezo-Aktor nach außen geführt werden, um die Steuerspannung an die Piezo-Aktor anlegen zu können. Bei dem bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzventilen, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2004 002299 A1 bekannt sind, ist am Piezo-Aktor ein Aktorfuß ausgebildet, in dem die Leitungen nach außen geführt werden. Im Aktorfuß sind die Leitungen in einer Glaseinschmelzung geführt, die kraftstoffdicht abgeschlossen sind.There are a number of common-rail injectors known, each working on different principles. One concept here is that the fuel injector includes a piezo actuator that directly controls the pressure on a nozzle needle. The piezo actuator is surrounded by fuel, which is provided in a so-called rail and is under injection pressure. Between the nozzle needle and the piezo actuator, a hydraulic coupling space is provided to compensate for length tolerances and thermal drift. Since the entire piezo actuator is surrounded by the fuel, which is under the high fuel pressure of the rail, electrical supply lines must be led out of the piezo actuator to the outside in order to create the control voltage to the piezo actuator can. In the known fuel injection valves, as for example from the DE 10 2004 002299 A1 are known, an actuator base is formed on the piezoelectric actuator, in which the lines are led to the outside. In the actuator base, the lines are led in a Glaseinschmelzung, which are sealed fuel-tight.

Der Aktorfuß übernimmt dabei zwei Aufgaben. Zum einen muss er die Kraft aufnehmen, die durch den Kraftstoffdruck auf den Piezo-Aktor ausgeübt wird und darüber hinaus die Kraft einer Feder, die den Piezo-Aktor gegen den Aktorfuß vorspannt. Diese Kraft, die bei modernen Kraftstoffeinspritzventilen einige 1000 N betragen kann, muss dabei so am Aktorfuß abgestützt werden, dass sie möglichst gut zur Längsachse des Piezo-Aktors fluchtet. Andernfalls könnte es zu einem erhöhten Verschleiß, zu Querkräften oder zu einem Klemmen der beweglichen Teile im Kraftstoffeinspritzventil kommen.The actuator base takes on two tasks. On the one hand, it must absorb the force exerted by the fuel pressure on the piezo actuator and, in addition, the force of a spring, which biases the piezo actuator against the actuator base. This force, which can be some 1000 N in modern fuel injection valves, must be supported on the actuator foot in such a way that it aligns as well as possible with the longitudinal axis of the piezoactuator. Otherwise, it could lead to increased wear, to lateral forces or jamming of the moving parts in the fuel injection valve.

Die Abstützung des Aktorfußes am Gehäuse des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils erfolgt beispielsweise über einen Kugel-Kegel-Kontakt, wobei am Aktorfuß eine Kugelfläche und am Gehäuse des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils eine Kegelfläche ausgebildet ist. Zwischen der Kugelfläche und der Kegelfläche bildet sich eine kreisförmige Dichtlinie, die neben der kardanischen Auflage des Aktors auch die Funktion der Hochdruckdichtung übernimmt. Die Anpress- und damit die Dichtkraft auf die Dichtlinie ist abhängig vom Raildruck und von der verwendeten Feder, die den Piezo-Aktor vorspannt. Bei hohen Raildrücken ist üblicherweise eine genügend große Kraft vorhanden, um an dieser Stelle eine Leckage zu verhindern. Nachteil bei dieser Konstruktion, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE 103 36 327 A1 bekannt ist, ist jedoch, dass bei kleinen Raildrücken die Dichtkraft abnimmt und die geforderte Dichtfunktion nicht mehr sichergestellt ist.The support of the Aktorfußes on the housing of the fuel injection valve, for example, via a ball-and-cone contact, wherein the actuator foot, a spherical surface and the housing of the fuel injection valve, a conical surface is formed. Between the spherical surface and the conical surface forms a circular sealing line, which also takes over the function of the high-pressure seal in addition to the gimbal of the actuator. The contact pressure and thus the sealing force on the sealing line depends on the rail pressure and on the spring used, which pretensions the piezo actuator. At high Raildrücken usually a sufficiently large force is present to prevent leakage at this point. Disadvantage of this construction, as for example from the DE 103 36 327 A1 is known, however, that at low Raildrücken the sealing force decreases and the required sealing function is no longer ensured.

Aus der EP 1 574 702 A1 ist ein Einspritzventil mit einem Piezoaktor bekannt, der in einem in einem Gehäuse ausgebildeten Hohlraum angeordnet ist. Der Piezoaktor weist Kontaktelemente auf, über die der Piezoaktor am Gehäuse anliegt und über die die elektrische Kontaktierung geführt ist, um den Piezoaktor mit der notwendigen Spannung zu versorgen.From the EP 1 574 702 A1 an injection valve with a piezoelectric actuator is known, which is arranged in a housing formed in a cavity. The piezoelectric actuator has contact elements, via which the piezoelectric actuator bears against the housing and via which the electrical contacting is guided in order to supply the piezoelectric actuator with the necessary voltage.

EP 1 577 960 A1 weist ein Aktorgehäuse auf, das als zylindrische Hülse ausgeführt ist und mit dem Gehäuse verschweißt ist. EP 1 577 960 A1 has an actuator housing, which is designed as a cylindrical sleeve and is welded to the housing.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 weist dem gegenüber den Vorteil auf, dass bei jedem Raildruck eine ausreichende Dichtheit an der Anlagestelle zwischen Piezo-Aktor und dem Gehäuse des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils gegeben ist. Hierzu ist im Gehäuse eines Kraftstoffeinspritzventils ein Hohlraum ausgebildet, in dem ein Piezo-Aktor angeordnet ist. Der Piezo-Aktor umfasst ein Piezo-Element, das bei Anlegen einer geeigneten elektrischen Spannung einen Hub ausführt. Zwischen der Wand des Hohlraums und dem Piezo-Aktor verbleibt ein Kraftstoffraum, der mit Kraftstoff befüllbar ist. An der Außenseite des Gehäuses sind elektrische Kontakte ausgebildet, an die eine geeignete elektrische Spannung anlegbar ist und die über im Gehäuse verlaufende Leitungen mit dem Piezo-Element verbunden sind. Der Piezo-Aktor ist mit dem Gehäuse durch eine Schweißverbindung so verbunden, dass der Kraftstoffraum nach außen kraftstoffdicht verschlossen ist.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the opposite over the advantage that at each rail pressure sufficient tightness is given at the contact point between the piezoelectric actuator and the housing of the fuel injection valve. For this purpose, a cavity is formed in the housing of a fuel injection valve, in which a piezoelectric actuator is arranged. The piezo actuator comprises a piezo element, which executes a stroke when a suitable electrical voltage is applied. Between the wall of the cavity and the piezo actuator remains a fuel chamber which can be filled with fuel. On the outside of the housing electrical contacts are formed, to which a suitable electrical voltage can be applied and which are connected via extending in the housing lines with the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric actuator is connected to the housing by a welded connection so that the fuel chamber is closed to the outside fuel-tight.

Der Piezo-Aktor umfasst einen Aktorfuß, der fest mit dem Piezo-Element verbunden ist. Der Aktorfuß wird über eine Schweißverbindung mit dem Gehäuse des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils verbunden, wobei die Leitungen, die die Kontakte mit dem Piezo-Element verbinden, durch den Aktorfuß verlaufen. Da der Aktorfuß nicht selbst piezoaktiv ist, kann ein Material verwendet werden, das mit dem Material des Gehäuses leicht verbindbar ist, also beispielsweise verschweißt oder durch eine geeignete Klebeverbindung sicher verbunden werden kann.The piezo actuator comprises an actuator foot, which is firmly connected to the piezo element. The actuator foot is connected via a welded connection to the housing of the fuel injection valve, wherein the lines which connect the contacts with the piezoelectric element pass through the actuator foot. Since the actuator foot is not itself piezo-active, a material can be used which is easily connectable to the material of the housing, that is, for example, welded or can be securely connected by a suitable adhesive connection.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist am Aktorfuß und am Haltekörper, der einen Teil des Gehäuses bildet, jeweils eine plane Fläche ausgebildet, mit der der Aktorfuß und der Haltekörper aneinander anliegen. Durch eine solche plane Fläche kann durch zwischen den Flächen aufgetragenen Klebstoff eine sichere Klebeverbindung zwischen dem Haltekörper und dem Aktorfuß hergestellt werden. Es ist hier auch gut möglich, eine Schweißnaht an der Außenseite der planen Flächen anzubringen und so den Aktorfuß mit dem Haltekörper sicher zu verbinden. In vorteilhafter Weise erstreckt sich die Schweißverbindung hierbei über den gesamten Umfang des Aktorfußes.In an advantageous embodiment, in each case a planar surface is formed on the actuator base and on the holding body, which forms part of the housing, with which the actuator foot and the holding body abut each other. Such a flat surface can be used to produce a secure adhesive bond between the holding body and the actuator base by adhesive applied between the surfaces. It is also well possible to attach a weld on the outside of the flat surfaces and so safely connect the actuator base with the holding body. In an advantageous manner, the welded connection extends over the entire circumference of the actuator base.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung sind die planen Flächen am Ende eines zylindrischen Abschnitts ausgebildet, wobei jeweils ein zylindrischer Abschnitt am Aktorfuß und am Haltekörper ausgebildet ist. Beide zylindrischen Abschnitte umgibt eine Hülse, wobei die Hülse mit beiden zylindrischen Abschnitten verschweißt oder verklebt ist. Die Hülse ist vorzugsweise aus einem Material gefertigt, das sowohl mit dem Material des Aktorfußes als auch mit dem Material des Haltekörpers entweder gut verschweißt oder verklebt werden kann, sodass eine sichere Verbindung auch dann gegeben ist, wenn sich eine solche Verbindung direkt zwischen Aktorfuß und Haltekörper nur schwer ausbilden lässt. In vorteilhafter Weise weisen hierbei beide zylindrischen Abschnitte zumindest im wesentlichen den gleichen Durchmesser auf.In a further advantageous embodiment, the flat surfaces are formed at the end of a cylindrical portion, wherein in each case a cylindrical portion is formed on the actuator base and on the holding body. Both cylindrical sections surround a sleeve, wherein the sleeve is welded or glued to both cylindrical sections. The sleeve is preferably made of a material that can be either well welded or glued both with the material of the actuator base and with the material of the holding body, so that a secure connection is also given when such a connection directly between the actuator base and holder body difficult to train. In this case, both cylindrical sections advantageously have at least substantially the same diameter.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist der Aktorfuß einen zylindrischen Abschnitt auf, während am Haltekörper eine zylindrische Aufnahme ausgebildet ist, in der der zylindrische Abschnitt des Aktorfußes in Einbaulage des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils angeordnet ist. Die Verbindung wird durch eine Schweiß- oder Klebeverbindung zwischen der zylindrischen Aufnahme und dem zylindrischen Abschnitt des Aktorfußes ausgebildet, sodass eine ähnlich gute Verbindung wie durch die Hülse erreicht wird, jedoch mit weniger Bauteilen.In a further advantageous embodiment, the actuator base on a cylindrical portion, while on the holding body, a cylindrical receptacle is formed, in which the cylindrical portion of the actuator base in the installed position of the fuel injection valve is arranged. The connection is formed by a welded or glued connection between the cylindrical receptacle and the cylindrical portion of the actuator base, so that a similar good connection is achieved as through the sleeve, but with fewer components.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Gegenstandes der Erfindung sind der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen entnehmbar.Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the invention can be taken from the description and the claims.

Zeichnungdrawing

In der Zeichnung sind verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzventils dargestellt. Es zeigt

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
Figur 2
eine vergrößerte Darstellung des mit II bezeichneten Ausschnitts von Figur 1
Figur 3
eine alternative Ausgestaltung in einer ähnlichen Darstellung wie Figur 2, wobei hier nur der Haltekörper und der Piezo-Aktor gezeichnet sind,
Figur 4
in der gleichen Darstellung wie Fig. 3 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Figur 5
in der gleichen Darstellung wie Figur 3 ein weiteres Beispiel, nicht Teil der Erfindung.
In the drawing, various embodiments of the fuel injection valve according to the invention are shown. It shows
FIG. 1
a longitudinal section through a fuel injection valve according to the invention
FIG. 2
an enlarged view of the designated II section of FIG. 1
FIG. 3
an alternative embodiment in a similar representation as FIG. 2 , wherein here only the holding body and the piezo actuator are drawn,
FIG. 4
in the same representation as Fig. 3 a further embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 5
in the same representation as FIG. 3 another example, not part of the invention.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In Figur 1 ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Kraftstoffeinspritzventil im Längsschnitt dargestellt. Das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil umfasst ein Gehäuse 1, das einen Haltekörper 3, eine Druckhülse 5 und eine Drosselscheibe 11 umfasst, wobei der Haltekörper 3 mit der Druckhülse 5 über eine Spannhülse 6 verschraubt ist. An die Drosselscheibe 11 schließt sich eine Düse 8 an, die über eine Spannmutter 12 mit der Druckhülse 5 verschraubt ist, sodass die Düse 8 unter Zwischenlage der Drosselscheibe 11 gegen das Gehäuse 1 verspannt ist.In FIG. 1 a fuel injection valve according to the invention is shown in longitudinal section. The fuel injection valve comprises a housing 1, which comprises a holding body 3, a pressure sleeve 5 and an orifice plate 11, wherein the holding body 3 is screwed to the pressure sleeve 5 via a clamping sleeve 6. To the throttle disk 11, a nozzle 8 connects, which is bolted via a clamping nut 12 with the pressure sleeve 5, so that the nozzle 8 is clamped with the interposition of the throttle disk 11 against the housing 1.

Die Düse 8 umfasst einen Düsenkörper 10, in dem eine Bohrung ausgebildet ist, in der eine kolbenförmige Düsennadel 13 längsverschiebbar angeordnet ist. Die Düsennadel 13 steuert in der bekannten Weise die Öffnung wenigstens einer Einspritzöffnung 14, über die der Kraftstoff direkt in einen Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird. Zwischen der Drosselscheibe 11 und der brennraumabgewandten Stirnfläche der Düsennadel 13 einerseits und zwischen der Drosselscheibe 11 und einem in der Druckhülse 5 angeordneten Steuerbolzen 25 ist ein Steuerraum 28 ausgebildet, wobei die beiden Teile des Steuerraums 28 über eine Drossel 29 miteinander verbunden sind, die in der Drosselscheibe 11 ausgebildet ist. Der Steuerbolzen 25 ist hierbei in einem in der Druckhülse 5 ausgebildeten Hohlraum 7 angeordnet, in dem auch ein Piezo-Aktor 15 vorhanden ist. Der Piezo-Aktor 15 umfasst ein Piezo-Element 17, das aus einem piezoaktiven Material besteht und eine Vielzahl von Schichten aufweist, zwischen denen Elektroden ausgebildet sind. Das Piezo-Element 17 liegt mit seiner Stirnfläche, die der Düse 8 zugewandt ist, am Steuerbolzen 25 an, und mit der entgegen gesetzten Stirnfläche an einem Aktorfuß 19, der Teil des Piezo-Aktors 15 ist. Das Piezo-Element 17 ist hierbei von einer Hülse umgeben, die das Piezo-Element 17 nach außen flüssigkeitsdicht isoliert, so dass ein zwischen dem Piezo-Aktor 15 bzw. Piezo-Element 17 verbleibender Kraftstoffraum 24 mit Kraftstoff befüllt werden kann, ohne die Funktionsfähigkeit des Piezo-Aktors 15 zu beeinträchtigen.The nozzle 8 comprises a nozzle body 10, in which a bore is formed, in which a piston-shaped nozzle needle 13 is arranged longitudinally displaceable. The nozzle needle 13 controls in the known manner the opening of at least one injection opening 14, via which the fuel is injected directly into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. Between the throttle plate 11 and the combustion chamber facing away from the end face of the nozzle needle 13 on the one hand and between the throttle plate 11 and arranged in the pressure sleeve 5 control pin 25 is a control chamber 28 is formed, wherein the two parts of the control chamber 28 are connected to each other via a throttle 29 which is formed in the throttle plate 11. The control pin 25 is in this case arranged in a formed in the pressure sleeve 5 cavity 7, in which a piezoelectric actuator 15 is present. The piezoelectric actuator 15 comprises a piezoelectric element 17, which consists of a piezoactive material and has a plurality of layers, between which electrodes are formed. The piezoelectric element 17 lies with its end face, which faces the nozzle 8, on the control pin 25, and with the opposite end face on an actuator foot 19, which is part of the piezo-actuator 15. The piezo-element 17 is in this case surrounded by a sleeve which isolates the piezoelectric element 17 to the outside in a liquid-tight manner, so that a fuel space 24 remaining between the piezoactuator 15 and the piezoelectric element 17 can be filled with fuel without the functionality of the piezo actuator 15 to affect.

Der Steuerbolzen 25 wird von einer Spannfeder 27 umgeben, die sich einerseits am Steuerbolzen 25 und andererseits über eine Hülse 26 an der Drosselscheibe 11 abstützt. Da die Spannfeder 27 unter Druckvorspannung angeordnet ist, drückt sie den Steuerbolzen 25 entgegen den Piezo-Aktor 15 und diesen dadurch mit dem Aktorfuß 19 gegen den Haltekörper 3. Damit ist das gesamte Piezo-Element 17 unter Druckvorspannung gesetzt, was sicherstellt, dass das Piezo-Element 17 während des Betrieb nie unter Zugspannung gerät. Im Haltekörper 3 sind elektrische Kontakte 22 ausgebildet, die über elektrische Leitungen 21, die im Haltekörper 3 verlaufen, mit dem Piezo-Element 17 verbunden sind. Im Haltekörper 3 befindet sich daneben ein Kraftstoffanschluss 32, über den das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit einer Kraftstoffhochdruckquelle, vorzugsweise einem Rail eines Common-Rail-Systems, verbunden ist. Über den Kraftstoffanschluss 32 lässt sich Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck in den zwischen dem Piezo-Aktor 15 und der Wand des Hohlraums 7 verbleibenden Kraftstoffraum 24 leiten. Von dort kann der Kraftstoff weiter am Druckbolzen 25 vorbei durch in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Öffnungen in der Drosselscheibe 11 in die Düse 8 fließen, wo er die Düsennadel 13 umspült und bis in den Bereich der Einspritzöffnungen 14 gelangt.The control pin 25 is surrounded by a tension spring 27, which is supported on the one hand on the control pin 25 and on the other hand via a sleeve 26 on the throttle plate 11. Since the tension spring 27 is arranged under pressure bias, it pushes the control pin 25 against the piezo actuator 15 and thereby characterized with the actuator base 19 against the holding body 3. Thus, the entire piezo element 17 is set under pressure bias, which ensures that the piezo Element 17 never comes under tension during operation. In the holding body 3 electrical contacts 22 are formed, which are connected via electrical lines 21 which extend in the holding body 3, with the piezoelectric element 17. In the holding body 3 is located next to a fuel port 32 through which the fuel injection valve is connected to a high-pressure fuel source, preferably a rail of a common rail system. Via the fuel connection 32, fuel can be conducted under high pressure into the fuel space 24 remaining between the piezoactuator 15 and the wall of the cavity 7. From there, the fuel can continue to flow past the pressure pin 25 through openings, not shown in the drawing, in the throttle disk 11 into the nozzle 8, where it surrounds the nozzle needle 13 and reaches into the region of the injection openings 14.

Die Funktionsweise des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils ist wie folgt: Wenn keine Einspritzung von Kraftstoff erfolgen soll, ist das Piezo-Element 17 bestromt und hat seine maximale Länge erreicht, sodass der Steuerbolzen 25 das Volumen des Steuerraums 28 minimiert. Da ein hoher Kraftstoffdruck im Steuerraum 28 herrscht, wird die Ventilnadel 13 in ihre Schließstellung gedrückt und verschließt die Einspritzöffnungen 14. Soll eine Einspritzung erfolgen, so wird die Bestromung des Piezo-Elements 17 zurückgefahren, sodass sich das Piezo-Element 14 verkürzt. Dadurch bewegt sich der Ventilbolzen 25 von der Düse 8 weg und vergrößert das Volumen des Steuerraums 28, sodass die hydraulische Kraft auf die Stirnfläche der Ventilnadel 13 abnimmt. Durch den hydraulischen Druck auf die Ventilnadel 13 wird diese nach Wegfall der Schließkraft von den Einspritzöffnungen 14 wegbewegt und gibt diese dadurch frei, sodass eine Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine erfolgt.The operation of the fuel injection valve is as follows: If there is no injection of fuel, the piezo element 17 is energized and has reached its maximum length, so that the control pin 25 minimizes the volume of the control chamber 28. Since a high fuel pressure prevails in the control chamber 28, the valve needle 13 is in their If injection takes place, the energization of the piezoelectric element 17 is reduced, so that the piezoelectric element 14 is shortened. As a result, the valve pin 25 moves away from the nozzle 8 and increases the volume of the control chamber 28, so that the hydraulic force on the end face of the valve needle 13 decreases. By the hydraulic pressure on the valve needle 13, this is moved away from the injection openings 14 after the removal of the closing force and releases them thereby, so that an injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine takes place.

In Figur 2 ist eine Vergrößerung des mit II bezeichneten Ausschnitts von Figur 1 dargestellt. Die Leitungen 21, die im Gehäuse 1 verlaufen, finden ihre Fortsetzung im Aktorfuß 19, wo die beiden Leitungen 21 in die beiden Außenelektroden 18, 18' des Piezo-Elements 17 verzweigen. Beide Leitung 21, 21' sind hierbei im Aktorfuß 19 in einer Glaseinschmelzung 23, 23' geführt, die eine flüssigkeitsdichte Durchleitung der Leitungen 21, 21' gewährleisten. Am Aktorfuß 19 ist eine ballige oder kugelschalenförmige Anlagefläche 34 ausgebildet, die an eine konische Anlagefläche 33, die am Haltekörper 3 ausgebildet ist, anliegt. Durch die ballige Ausgestaltung der Anlagefläche 34 wird ein leichter axialer Versatz des Aktorfußes 19 und damit des gesamten Piezo-Aktors 15 ausgeglichen, sodass auch bei leichter Schrägstellung eine Dichtlinie zwischen den beiden Anlageflächen 33, 34 entsteht, die den Aktorfuß 19 auf seinem gesamten Umfang umgibt.In FIG. 2 is an enlargement of the section marked II FIG. 1 shown. The lines 21, which run in the housing 1, find their continuation in the actuator foot 19, where the two lines 21 branch into the two outer electrodes 18, 18 'of the piezo-element 17. Both line 21, 21 'are here in the actuator base 19 in a Glaseinschmelzung 23, 23' out, which ensure a liquid-tight passage of the lines 21, 21 '. On the actuator base 19 is a spherical or spherical shell-shaped contact surface 34 is formed, which abuts a conical contact surface 33 which is formed on the holding body 3. Due to the convex configuration of the contact surface 34, a slight axial offset of the actuator base 19 and thus of the entire piezo actuator 15 is compensated, so that even with slight inclination a sealing line between the two contact surfaces 33, 34 is formed, which surrounds the actuator base 19 on its entire circumference ,

Am Aktorfuß 19 ist ein zylindrischer Abschnitt 35 ausgebildet, der in einer zylindrischen Aufnahme 37 angeordnet ist, die am Haltekörper 3 ausgebildet ist. Die Aufnahme 37 und der zylindrische Abschnitt 35 sind hierbei in ihrem Innendurchmesser bzw. Außendurchmesser so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass der zylindrische Abschnitt 35 mit nur geringem Spiel in der zylindrischen Aufnahme 37 geführt ist. Zwischen der zylindrischen Aufnahme 37 und dem zylindrischen Abschnitt 35 ist eine Schweißverbindung 40 ausgebildet, die den zylindrischen Abschnitt 35 auf seinem gesamten Umfang umgibt. Hierdurch ist eine dichte Verbindung zwischen dem Haltekörper 3 und dem Aktorfuß 19 gegeben, die unabhängig vom Druck im Kraftstoffraum 24 das Gehäuse 1 flüssigkeitsdicht nach außen abschließt. Es ist hierbei auch möglich, dass zwischen der zylindrischen Aufnahme 37 und dem zylindrischen Abschnitt 35 eine Klebeverbindung besteht, wobei in diesem Fall ein geeigneter, kraftstoffresistenter Kleber zwischen dem zylindrischen Abschnitt 35 und der zylindrischen Aufnahme 37 eingebracht wird.On the actuator base 19, a cylindrical portion 35 is formed, which is arranged in a cylindrical receptacle 37 which is formed on the holding body 3. The receptacle 37 and the cylindrical portion 35 are in this case in their inner diameter or outer diameter matched to one another that the cylindrical portion 35 is guided with little play in the cylindrical receptacle 37. Between the cylindrical receptacle 37 and the cylindrical portion 35, a welded joint 40 is formed, which surrounds the cylindrical portion 35 on its entire circumference. In this way, a tight connection between the holding body 3 and the actuator base 19 is given, which closes the housing 1 liquid-tight to the outside regardless of the pressure in the fuel chamber 24. It is also possible that between the cylindrical receptacle 37 and the cylindrical portion 35 is an adhesive bond, in which case a suitable, fuel-resistant adhesive between the cylindrical portion 35 and the cylindrical receptacle 37 is introduced.

Durch die Glaseinschmelzung 23, 23' einerseits und die Schweißverbindung 40 andererseits wird der Kraftstoffraum 24 flüssigkeitsdicht nach außen abgedichtet, wobei nach wie vor eine leichte Montierbarkeit gegeben ist. Da der Haltekörper 3 mit der Druckhülse 5 über eine Spannhülse 6 verschraubt ist, lässt sich der Aktorfuß 19 mit dem Haltekörper 3 zuerst verbinden und beide Teile dann gemeinsam durch die Spannhülse 6 mit der Druckhülse 5 verbinden.By the Glaseinschmelzung 23, 23 'on the one hand and the welded joint 40 on the other hand, the fuel chamber 24 is sealed liquid-tight to the outside, still being easy mountability is given. Since the holding body 3 is screwed to the pressure sleeve 5 via a clamping sleeve 6, the actuator foot 19 can first connect to the holding body 3 and then connect both parts together through the clamping sleeve 6 with the pressure sleeve 5.

In Figur 3 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Piezo-Aktors mit dem zugehörigen Haltekörper 3 gezeigt. Am Haltekörper 3 ist hier ein zylindrischer Abschnitt 36 und daran eine plane Stirnfläche 41 ausgebildet und am Aktorfuß 19 eine eben solche plane Stirnfläche 42, wobei Aktorfuß 19 und Haltekörper 3 an den Stirnflächen 41, 42 aneinander anliegen. Die beiden Stirnflächen 41, 42 sind ringscheibenförmig ausgebildet und weisen zumindest im wesentlichen denselben Außendurchmesser auf. Zur Verbindung des Haltekörpers 3 mit dem Aktorfuß 19 ist eine Schweißnaht 40' ausgebildet, die den Aktorfuß 19 bzw. den Haltekörper 3 auf ihrem gesamten Umfang umgibt. Statt der Schweißverbindung 40' kann auch eine Klebeverbindung vorgesehen sein, wobei ein geeigneter kraftstoffresistenter Kleber zwischen die beiden Stirnflächen 41, 42 eingebracht wird. Die Leitungen 21, 21' sind, ebenso wie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2, im Haltekörper 3 und im Aktorfuß 19 geführt und werden von der Schweißverbindung 40' vollständig umgeben. Zur Abdichtung der Leitungen 21, 21' dienen auch hier Glaseinschmelzungen 23, 23'.In FIG. 3 a further embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator according to the invention with the associated holding body 3 is shown. On the holding body 3 here is a cylindrical portion 36 and thereon a planar end face 41 is formed and the actuator base 19 a plane planar end surface 42, wherein the actuator base 19 and holding body 3 at the end faces 41, 42 abut each other. The two end faces 41, 42 are annular disk-shaped and have at least substantially the same outer diameter. To connect the holder body 3 with the actuator base 19, a weld 40 'is formed, which surrounds the actuator base 19 or the holder body 3 over its entire circumference. Instead of the welded joint 40 'may also be provided an adhesive connection, wherein a suitable fuel-resistant adhesive between the two end faces 41, 42 is introduced. The lines 21, 21 'are, as in the embodiment after FIG. 2 , guided in the holding body 3 and the actuator base 19 and are completely surrounded by the welded joint 40 '. To seal the lines 21, 21 'are here also Glaseinschmelzungen 23, 23'.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4 unterscheidet sich vom Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 3 dadurch, dass hier eine Hülse 44 vorgesehen ist, die sowohl den Haltekörper 3 als auch den Aktorfuß 19 im Bereich der planen Stirnflächen 41, 42 umgibt. Durch den gleichen oder annähernd gleichen Außendurchmesser im Bereich der Stirnflächen 41, 42 kann die Hülse 44 so ausgebildet sein, dass sie nur ein geringes Spiel aufweist, sowohl gegenüber dem Haltekörper 3 als auch dem Aktorfuß 19. Die Abdichtung erfolgt durch zwei Schweißverbindungen 46, 46', wobei die Hülse 44 sowohl mit dem Haltekörper 3 als auch mit dem Aktorfuß 19 verschweißt wird. Beide Schweißnähte 46, 46' umgeben hierbei die Hülse 44 auf ihrem gesamten Umfang. Durch die Verwendung einer separaten Hülse 44 kann ein Material verwendet werden, das sowohl in seiner Paarung mit dem Material des Haltekörpers 3 als auch mit dem Material des Aktorfußes 19 gut schweißbar ist, sodass eine dichte Verbindung über die gesamte Lebensdauer des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils erreicht wird.The embodiment according to FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 3 in that here a sleeve 44 is provided, which surrounds both the holding body 3 and the actuator foot 19 in the region of the flat end faces 41, 42. By the same or approximately the same outer diameter in the region of the end faces 41, 42, the sleeve 44 may be formed so that it has only a small clearance, both relative to the holding body 3 and the actuator base 19. The seal is made by two welds 46, 46th ', wherein the sleeve 44 is welded to both the holding body 3 and the actuator foot 19. Both welds 46, 46 'in this case surround the sleeve 44 over its entire circumference. By using a separate sleeve 44, a material can be used which is well weldable both in its mating with the material of the holding body 3 and with the material of the actuator base 19, so that a tight connection over the entire life of the fuel injection valve is achieved.

Neben einer Schweißverbindung 46, 46' kann es auch hier vorgesehen sein, dass die Hülse 44 über eine Klebeverbindung mit dem Haltekörper 3 bzw. mit dem Aktorfuß 19 verbunden wird. Der kraftstoffresistente Klebstoff wird hierbei auf die Innenseite der Hülse 44 aufgebracht und dichtet so die Durchführung der Leitungen 21 zur Außenseite des Gehäuses 1 ab.In addition to a welded connection 46, 46 ', it can also be provided here that the sleeve 44 is connected via an adhesive connection to the holding body 3 or to the actuator foot 19. The fuel-resistant adhesive is in this case applied to the inside of the sleeve 44 and thus seals the passage of the lines 21 to the outside of the housing 1.

Figur 5 zeigt ein Beispiel eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Piezo-Aktors 15 mit dazu gehörigem Gehäuse 3 in derselben Darstellung wie Figur 3 und 4. Im Gegensatz zu den vorangegangenen Ausführungsbeispielen fehlt hier der Aktorfuß 19, sodass das Piezo-Element 17 direkt mit dem Gehäuse 3 verklebt ist. Hierbei liegt das Piezo-Element 17 mit seiner Stirnfläche 117 an einer zumindest in etwa ebenso großen Stirnfläche 103 des Gehäuses 3 an. Ist auch hier die Klebeverbindung zwischen den Stirnflächen 117 und 103 kraftstoffresistent ausgebildet, kann verhindert werden, dass der Kraftstoff über die Lebensdauer des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils zwischen das Piezo-Element 17 und den Haltekörper 3 dringt. Die Abdichtung der Leitungen 21, 21' erfolgt hier, wie schon bei den vorangegangenen Ausführungsbeispielen, über Glaseinschmelzungen 23, 23'. FIG. 5 shows an example of a non-inventive piezoelectric actuator 15 with associated housing 3 in the same representation as FIG. 3 and 4 , In contrast to the preceding embodiments, here the actuator foot 19 is missing, so that the piezoelectric element 17 is glued directly to the housing 3. Here, the piezoelectric element 17 abuts with its end face 117 against an at least approximately equally large end face 103 of the housing 3. If the adhesive bond between the end faces 117 and 103 is fuel-resistant in this case too, it is possible to prevent the fuel from penetrating over the service life of the fuel injection valve between the piezo element 17 and the holding body 3. The sealing of the lines 21, 21 'takes place here, as in the previous embodiments, on Glaseinschmelzungen 23, 23'.

Für alle gezeigten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiele kann bei einem Piezo-Element 17 mit innenliegenden Kontakten bzw. mit stirnseitig angebrachten Kontakten die elektrischen Leitungen innerhalb der durch die Schweißverbindung gegebenen Dichtlinie erfolgen. Nicht erfindungsgemäß führt dies dazu, dass gegebenenfalls die Durchführung der elektrischen Leitungen über Glaseinschmelzungen entfallen kann, da die Leitungen nicht mehr vom Kraftstoffdruck im Kraftstoffraum 24 beaufschlagt wären.For all embodiments of the invention shown can be done within the given by the weld joint sealing line in a piezo element 17 with internal contacts or with frontally mounted contacts. Not according to the invention this leads to the fact that possibly the implementation of the electrical lines can be omitted via Glaseinschmelzungen, since the lines would not be acted upon by the fuel pressure in the fuel chamber 24.

Claims (7)

  1. Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, having a housing (1) and having a cavity (7) which is formed therein and in which is arranged a piezoelectric actuator (15), with the piezoelectric actuator (15) having a piezo element (17) which performs a stroke when a suitable electrical voltage is applied, and having a fuel chamber (24) remaining between the wall of the cavity (7) and the piezoelectric actuator (15), which fuel chamber (24) can be filled with fuel, and having electrical contacts (22) which are arranged on the outer side of the housing (1) and to which an electrical voltage can be applied, with the contacts (22) being connected to the piezo element (18) by means of lines (21; 21') which run in the housing (1), with the piezoelectric actuator (15) comprising an actuator base (19) to which the piezo element (17) is fixedly connected, characterized in that the housing (1) is connected to the actuator base (19) by means of a welded connection (40; 40'; 46; 46'), with the lines (21; 21') being guided in a fused glass seal (23, 23') in the actuator base (19) such that the fuel chamber (24) is closed off to the outside in a fuel-tight manner by means of firstly the fused glass seal (23, 23') and secondly the welded connection (40, 40').
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lines (21; 21') running in the actuator base are surrounded by the welded connection (40; 40'; 46; 46').
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the housing (1) comprises a holding body (3) in which the lines (21; 21') run, with in each case one planar end surface (41; 42) being formed on the actuator base (19) and on the holding body (3), by means of which planar end surfaces (41; 42) the actuator base (19) and the holding body (3) bear against one another.
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that a welded connection (40; 40') is formed between the actuator base (19) and the holding body (3), with the welded connection (40; 40') extending over the entire circumference of the actuator base (19).
  5. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that in each case one cylindrical section (35; 36) is formed on the actuator base (19) and on the holding body (3), on which cylindrical sections (35; 36) the planar end surfaces (41; 42) are formed, and having a sleeve (26) which surrounds both cylindrical sections (35; 36) and which is welded to both cylindrical sections (35; 36) and thereby forms the welded connection (46; 46').
  6. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 5, characterized in that the two cylindrical sections (35; 36) have at least substantially the same diameter.
  7. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that a cylindrical section (35) is formed on the actuator base (19) and a cylindrical receptacle (37) is formed on a holding body (3) which is part of the housing (1), in which cylindrical receptacle (37) the cylindrical section (35) is arranged when in the installed position in the fuel injection valve, with the welded connection (40) being formed between the cylindrical receptacle (37) and the cylindrical section (35).
EP06120595A 2005-10-24 2006-09-13 Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines Not-in-force EP1777408B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005050784A DE102005050784A1 (en) 2005-10-24 2005-10-24 Fuel injection valves for internal combustion engines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1777408A1 EP1777408A1 (en) 2007-04-25
EP1777408B1 true EP1777408B1 (en) 2010-05-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06120595A Not-in-force EP1777408B1 (en) 2005-10-24 2006-09-13 Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines

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EP (1) EP1777408B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE469297T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005050784A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008003849A1 (en) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Holding device of a fuel injection device

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19932760A1 (en) * 1999-07-14 2001-01-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector
DE10205909B4 (en) * 2002-02-13 2005-11-10 Siemens Ag Sealing element for the piezoelectric actuator of a fuel injection valve
DE10336327B4 (en) * 2003-08-07 2016-03-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, in particular direct injection diesel engines
DE102004002299A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-08-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector with directly controlled injection valve member
ATE329149T1 (en) 2004-03-11 2006-06-15 Delphi Tech Inc METHOD OF ASSEMBLING A FUEL INJECTION VALVE
DE102004012926A1 (en) * 2004-03-17 2005-10-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh actuator module
DE102005015732B4 (en) * 2005-04-06 2017-02-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector with hydraulic driver

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502006007016D1 (en) 2010-07-08
ATE469297T1 (en) 2010-06-15
DE102005050784A1 (en) 2007-04-26
EP1777408A1 (en) 2007-04-25

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