EP1754236A1 - Dielektrisches hochleistungsöl und dessen verwendung für hochspannungselektrogeräte - Google Patents

Dielektrisches hochleistungsöl und dessen verwendung für hochspannungselektrogeräte

Info

Publication number
EP1754236A1
EP1754236A1 EP05766695A EP05766695A EP1754236A1 EP 1754236 A1 EP1754236 A1 EP 1754236A1 EP 05766695 A EP05766695 A EP 05766695A EP 05766695 A EP05766695 A EP 05766695A EP 1754236 A1 EP1754236 A1 EP 1754236A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
naphthenic
dielectric
oils
ester
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05766695A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1754236B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Luc Bessede
Christophe Perrier
Abderrahmane Beroual
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
Areva T&D SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Areva T&D SAS filed Critical Areva T&D SAS
Priority to PL05766695T priority Critical patent/PL1754236T3/pl
Publication of EP1754236A1 publication Critical patent/EP1754236A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1754236B1 publication Critical patent/EP1754236B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/20—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/28—Anti-static
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
    • C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/125—Cooling by synthetic insulating and incombustible liquid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/321—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof using a fluid for insulating purposes only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high performance dielectric oil and its use in high voltage electrical equipment.
  • This equipment can be power transformers, measuring, distribution or traction, as well as tap changers, bushings, distributors, oil bath circuit breakers, power capacitors or cables.
  • Power transformers are among the most strategic and expensive components of the transmission and distribution networks of electrical energy. It is therefore essential that they work properly as long as possible. Most of these transformers are filled with a liquid that plays the role of both electrical insulation and heat transfer fluid. This liquid is almost always a mineral oil, resulting from the fractional distillation of crude oil. This preponderance of mineral oils can be explained in particular by their low cost compared to that of synthetic insulating liquids likely to be used in electro ⁇ technique such as alkylbenzenes. Ester and silicone oils are used in distribution transformers, but are rarely, because of their high cost, in power transformers.
  • the inventors have also set themselves the goal of providing an oil which, while having these advantages, has a manufacturing cost compatible with use in power transformers, knowing that a power transformer can contain more than 40,000 liters. oil.
  • a dielectric oil comprising from about 75 to about 95 volume percent of a naphthenic oil and from about 5 to about 25 percent by volume of an oil. ester.
  • the inventors have indeed found that, surprisingly, the addition of an ester oil to a naphthenic oil in the proportions indicated above results in a very clear improvement of the dielectric properties of this naphthenic oil, as well as its aging resistance, without affecting its viscosity and, therefore, its ability to ensure heat transfer. This gives an oil performance far superior to those of mineral oils currently used in power transformers, as well as those of silicone oils.
  • the naphthenic oil is an oil or a mixture of oils which has (s) an aromatic carbon content (C a ) of approximately 10 to 15%, a content of paraffinic carbon (C p ) of about 40 to 45% and a naphthenic carbon content (C n ) of about 45 to 50%.
  • aromatic carbon content C a
  • C p paraffinic carbon
  • C n naphthenic carbon content
  • the ester oil may be a vegetable or synthetic oil, or a mixture of several vegetable and / or synthetic oils.
  • a synthetic oil or a mixture of synthetic oils because these oils generally have a pour point lower than that of vegetable oils and close to that of naphthenic mineral oils, so that they remain liquids at temperatures at which vegetable oils tend to solidify.
  • synthetic ester oils oxidize less rapidly than vegetable ester oils.
  • the ester oil is therefore a synthetic ester oil or a mixture of oils containing at least one synthetic ester oil.
  • this synthetic ester oil is from the polyolefin family, and is more particularly a pentaerythritol tetraester oil.
  • this pentaerythritol tetraester-based oil has formula (I) below:
  • R represents an alkyl group ranging from C 5 H 11 to C 9 H 19 .
  • Such an oil is in particular available from M & I under the trade name Midel 7131.
  • ester oils may also be used, for example synthetic oils ProEco TR3746 from COGNIS or Envirotemp 200 from CPS or Biotemp vegetable oils from ABB or Envirotemp FR3 from CPS.
  • the dielectric oil comprises a naphthenic oil having an aromatic carbon content (C a ) of about 14%, a paraffinic carbon content (C p ) of about 41% and a content of naphthenic carbon (C n ) of about 45%, and a pentaerythritol tetraester oil of formula (I) above.
  • the volume ratio between these two oils ranges from 75:25 to 85:15, a ratio of Particularly preferred volume is about 80:20.
  • the oil according to the invention also has the advantage of being economically attractive, insofar as it consists mainly of mineral oil.
  • high voltage means any voltage greater than 1000 V AC and 1500 V DC, in accordance with the specifications of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
  • IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
  • the oil according to the invention is likely to be advantageously used in power transformers, measuring, distribution or traction, and in particular in power distributors.
  • the invention will be better understood in the light of the additional description, which refers to an embodiment of an oil according to the invention and to demonstrate its properties.
  • this example is given as an illustration of the subject of the invention and does not constitute a limitation of this object.
  • FIG. 1 represents the evolution of the viscosity (in mm 2 / s) of a naphthenic oil (curve A), an oil according to the invention composed of this naphthenic oil and an ester oil synthetic in a volume ratio of 80:20 (curve B), and an oil composed of this same naphthenic oil and a silicone oil in a volume ratio of 80:20 (curve C), depending on the temperature (in ° C). VS) .
  • FIG. 2 represents the cumulative Gaussian probabilities of occurrence of a breakdown for a naphthenic oil (curve A), for an oil according to the invention composed of this naphthenic oil and of a synthetic ester oil in an 80:20 volume ratio.
  • FIG. 3 represents the acidity (in mg of KOH / g of oil) of a naphthenic oil (curve A), an oil according to the invention composed of this naphthenic oil and a synthetic ester oil in a volume ratio of 80:20 (curve B), and an oil composed of this same naphthenic oil and a silicone oil in a volume ratio of 80:20 (curve C), before aging (point 0 of the axis abscissas) and after aging without a metal catalyst (point 1 of the x-axis), in the presence of a metal catalyst (point 2 of the abscissa axis) and in the presence of a cellulose insulation called Kraft paper (point 3 of the x-axis).
  • FIG. 4 represents the dissipation factor (or tan ⁇ ) of a naphthenic oil (curve A), an oil according to the invention comprising this naphthenic oil and a synthetic ester oil in a volume ratio of 80:20 (curve B), and an oil composed of the same naphthenic oil and a silicone oil in a volume ratio of 80:20 (curve C), before aging (point 0 of the abscissa axis) and after aging without a metal catalyst (point 1 of the abscissa axis), in the presence of a catalyst metal (point 2 of the abscissa axis) and in the presence of a cellulose insulation called Kraft paper (point 3 of the abscissa axis).
  • FIG. 5 represents the charge density of a naphthenic oil (point 1 of the abscissa axis), of a synthetic ester oil (point 2 of the abscissa axis), of an oil according to the compound invention of this naphthenic oil and of this synthetic ester oil in a volume ratio of 80:20 (point 3 of the abscissa axis), and of an oil composed of this same naphthenic oil and a silicone oil in a volume ratio 80:20 (point 4 of the abscissa) before and after filtration, under a vacuum of 3 bar, on a sintered glass 11-16 microns porosity.
  • the oil thus obtained is subjected to four series of tests intended to assess respectively the evolution of its viscosity as a function of temperature, its dielectric strength, its resistance to aging and its tendency to be electrically charged.
  • Viscosity tests The viscosity of the oils is determined according to IEC 60296 / ISO 3104.
  • the inter-electrode gap is set to 2.5 ⁇ 0.05 mm.
  • the voltage is steadily increased (2.0 ⁇ 0.2 kV / sec) until breakdown and each test oil sample is shaken throughout the test.
  • the oil samples Prior to each test, the oil samples are filtered on a sintered glass 11 to 16 microns in porosity, under a vacuum of 3 bar. Their water content is determined according to IEC 60814 (coulometric Karl Fischer titration); the number of particles is counted according to the IEC 60970 standard and particulate contamination of the samples is classified from 1 to 12 according to the German standard NAS 1638.
  • x is the value of the breakdown voltage (in kV)
  • u is the average breakdown voltage (in kV)
  • (7 is the coefficient of variation)
  • Aging Tests The resistance to aging of the oils is assessed according to ASTM D1934-95 (2000) which proposes two oxidative aging procedures, one without a metal catalyst, the other in the presence of a metal catalyst, namely a copper wire.
  • Static Electricity Tests The tendency of oils to charge electrically is appreciated by means of a device called a "ministerial charge tester". This test consists in forcing the tested oil to pass through a filter consisting of a cellulose film to cause separation of the charges. The charges remaining on the filter are measured using an electrometer and the results are expressed in terms of charge density, that is to say the amount of charges generated per unit volume of oil in the flow. .
  • the charge density is determined by the following formula:
  • i the current (in amperes)
  • t the oil flow (in seconds)
  • v the volume of oil (in ml).
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 represent: FIG. 1: the evolution of the viscosity, expressed in mm 2 / s, of the naphthenic oil (curve A), of the oil according to FIG. invention (curve B) and oil to
  • FIG. 2 the cumulative Gaussian probabilities of occurrence of a breakdown as obtained for the naphthenic oil (curve A), for the oil according to the invention (curve B) and for the oil at 20% oil silicone (curve C); 3: the acidity, expressed in mg of KOH / g of oil, of the naphthenic oil (curve A), of the oil according to the invention (curve B) and of the oil at 20% d silicone oil (curve C), before aging (point 0 of the abscissa axis) and after aging without a metal catalyst (point 1 of the abscissa axis), in the presence of the metal catalyst (point 2 of the axis of the abscissa) and on Kraft paper (point 3 of the abscissa);
  • Figure 4 the tan ⁇ of the naphthenic oil
  • curve A the oil according to the invention (curve B) and the oil at 20% of silicone oil (curve C), before aging (point 0 of the abscissa axis) and after aging without metal catalyst (point 1 of the abscissa axis), in the presence of the metal catalyst (point 2 of the abscissa axis) and on Kraft paper (point 3 of the abscissa axis).
  • the oil according to the invention has a viscosity that is almost identical to that of the naphthenic oil which constitutes it, over the entire range of temperatures studied. Oil with 20% silicone oil it has a viscosity which, of course, is lower at low temperatures but is higher at the usual operating temperatures of power transformers (80-90 ° C). 2. Of the three oils tested, the oil according to the invention is the one which has the most interesting dielectric strength properties, with mean values of breakdown voltage and a safety factor significantly higher than those obtained for the oil naphthenic and for oil with 20% silicone.
  • the safety factor is, in fact, 86 kV for the oil according to the invention (for a water content of 66 ppm and a particulate pollution of 5), whereas it is only 50 kV for l naphthenic oil (for a water content of 10 ppm and particulate pollution of 6) and 72 kV for oil with 20% silicone oil (for a water content of 12 ppm and particulate pollution of 5) .
  • This can be explained by the fact that the resistance to breakdown depends strongly on the water content of an oil, and that for the synthetic ester oils, the solubility of the water in the oil is much higher than for the mineral oils. 3.
  • the oil according to the invention is also the one with the most interesting aging behavior, its acidity and its tan ⁇ increasing less under aging conditions than those of the naphthenic oil and the oil with 20% silicone oil. 4.
  • the oil according to the invention has a tendency to be electrically charged higher than those of the naphthenic oil which constitutes it or the oil with 20% of silicone oil and this, whatever its water content .
  • the charge density values obtained for the oil according to the invention remain perfectly compatible with use as electrical insulation in power transformers, and are significantly lower than for the synthetic ester oil alone.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
EP05766695A 2004-05-28 2005-05-24 Verwendung von dielektrisches hochleistungsöl für hochspannungselektrogeräte Not-in-force EP1754236B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05766695T PL1754236T3 (pl) 2004-05-28 2005-05-24 Stosowanie oleju dielektrycznego o wysokiej skuteczności w urządzeniach elektrycznych wysokiego napięcia

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0451069A FR2870983A1 (fr) 2004-05-28 2004-05-28 Huile dielectrique de haute performance et son utilisation dans des equipements electriques a haute tension
PCT/FR2005/050356 WO2005119702A1 (fr) 2004-05-28 2005-05-24 Huile dielectrique de haute performance et son utilisation dans des equipements electriques a haute tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1754236A1 true EP1754236A1 (de) 2007-02-21
EP1754236B1 EP1754236B1 (de) 2008-07-02

Family

ID=34946565

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05766695A Not-in-force EP1754236B1 (de) 2004-05-28 2005-05-24 Verwendung von dielektrisches hochleistungsöl für hochspannungselektrogeräte

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US7833440B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1754236B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100583308C (de)
AT (1) ATE400057T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2005248992B2 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0511289A (de)
CA (1) CA2568426A1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005007892D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2309777T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2870983A1 (de)
PL (1) PL1754236T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2005119702A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1675807A2 (de) * 2003-10-02 2006-07-05 Cooper Industries, Inc. Zusatzstoff für dielektrisches fluid

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100279904A1 (en) * 2007-07-31 2010-11-04 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Electrical insulating oil compositions and preparation thereof
US20100255288A1 (en) * 2009-04-06 2010-10-07 Golner Thomas M Solid dielectric material for fluid-filled transformer
US9028727B2 (en) 2011-09-23 2015-05-12 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Dielectric fluids comprising polyol esters
GB2541929B (en) * 2015-09-04 2018-05-09 M&I Mat Limited Ester compositions for dielectric fluids
JP6045766B1 (ja) * 2016-06-15 2016-12-14 三菱電機株式会社 油入電気機器の過熱温度の推定方法
CN108630401B (zh) * 2018-04-12 2020-05-22 西安交通大学 一种基于用合成酯油部分替代原变压器油的滤油机滤油方法
CN115960652A (zh) * 2023-02-08 2023-04-14 广东电网有限责任公司 一种复合纳米材料及其制备方法和应用

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JPS5015320B1 (de) * 1970-09-24 1975-06-04
JPS5163499A (ja) * 1974-11-29 1976-06-01 Hitachi Ltd Ekitaijudensoseibutsuo funyushita denkisochi
JPH0673247B2 (ja) * 1987-01-30 1994-09-14 日本石油株式会社 難燃性電気機器
US5766517A (en) * 1995-12-21 1998-06-16 Cooper Industries, Inc. Dielectric fluid for use in power distribution equipment
DE19946641A1 (de) 1999-09-14 2000-04-20 Hossein Borsi Verfahren zur Verbesserung der elektrischen und Alterungseigenschaften von mineralölgefüllten Hochspannungsgeräten durch Beimischung einer hygroskopischen Isolierflüssigkeit
MXPA03000964A (es) * 2000-08-02 2004-02-17 Mj Res & Dev L P Sistema de aceite lubricante y refrigerante.

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1675807A2 (de) * 2003-10-02 2006-07-05 Cooper Industries, Inc. Zusatzstoff für dielektrisches fluid
EP1675807A4 (de) * 2003-10-02 2010-06-23 Cooper Ind Inc Zusatzstoff für dielektrisches fluid
US8097187B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2012-01-17 Cooper Industries, Inc. Additive for dielectric fluid
US8361351B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2013-01-29 Cooper Industries, Inc. Additive for dielectric fluid
US8617434B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2013-12-31 Cooper Industries, Llc Additive for dielectric fluid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2309777T3 (es) 2008-12-16
BRPI0511289A (pt) 2007-12-04
CA2568426A1 (en) 2005-12-15
EP1754236B1 (de) 2008-07-02
AU2005248992A1 (en) 2005-12-15
PL1754236T3 (pl) 2008-12-31
CN1961383A (zh) 2007-05-09
US20070222546A1 (en) 2007-09-27
AU2005248992B2 (en) 2011-08-11
WO2005119702A1 (fr) 2005-12-15
ATE400057T1 (de) 2008-07-15
FR2870983A1 (fr) 2005-12-02
DE602005007892D1 (de) 2008-08-14
US7833440B2 (en) 2010-11-16
CN100583308C (zh) 2010-01-20

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