EP1752017A1 - Appareil et procede de reproduction d'un son stereo large - Google Patents

Appareil et procede de reproduction d'un son stereo large

Info

Publication number
EP1752017A1
EP1752017A1 EP05745659A EP05745659A EP1752017A1 EP 1752017 A1 EP1752017 A1 EP 1752017A1 EP 05745659 A EP05745659 A EP 05745659A EP 05745659 A EP05745659 A EP 05745659A EP 1752017 A1 EP1752017 A1 EP 1752017A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
virtual
signal
filter
channel
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05745659A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1752017A4 (fr
Inventor
Sun-Min 245-1704 Hwanggol Maeul Ssangyong Ap KIM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020040043077A external-priority patent/KR100677119B1/ko
Application filed by Samsung Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Publication of EP1752017A1 publication Critical patent/EP1752017A1/fr
Publication of EP1752017A4 publication Critical patent/EP1752017A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S5/00—Pseudo-stereo systems, e.g. in which additional channel signals are derived from monophonic signals by means of phase shifting, time delay or reverberation 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
    • H04S1/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2400/00—Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2400/01—Multi-channel, i.e. more than two input channels, sound reproduction with two speakers wherein the multi-channel information is substantially preserved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/01—Enhancing the perception of the sound image or of the spatial distribution using head related transfer functions [HRTF's] or equivalents thereof, e.g. interaural time difference [ITD] or interaural level difference [ILD]

Definitions

  • the present general inventive concept relates to an audio reproduction system, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus to reproduce a wide stereo sound by widening a stereo sound output by an audio reproducing apparatus using only speakers of two channels that are disposed close to each other.
  • the conventional stereo enhancement system processes a difference signal generated from left and right input signals to create a stereo sound.
  • the difference signal is processed through equalization characterized by amplification of auditory frequencies of high and low bands.
  • the processed difference signal is combined with a sum signal, generated from the left and right input signals, and the original left and right input signals. Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem
  • the present general inventive concept provides a method of reproducing a wide stereo sound by widening a stereo sound stage output by an audio reproducing apparatus using only speakers of two channels that are disposed close to each other.
  • the present general inventive concept also provides an apparatus to reproduce a wide stereo sound according to the above-described method Advantageous Effects
  • a widening filter is obtained by convolving a binaural synthesis portion with a crosstalk canceller to thereby reduce calculations. Also, sounds are output not only through virtual speakers using HRTFs but also through actual speakers.
  • a panorama filter is designed to be a matrix in which the widening filter coefficients for the virtual speakers and direct filter coefficients for the actual speakers are convolved.
  • Each of the filters is designed to have an optimal performance, and the optimal performance is maintained through various hearing tests. Due to the use of frequency sampling, each of the filter coefficients has an optimal performance and minimizes the amount of calculation.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus to reproduce a wide stereo sound, according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of implementing the apparatus of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed block diagram illustrating binaural synthesis portions of the apparatus of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a detailed block diagram illustrating a crosstalk canceller of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a matrix relationship between a pair of direct filters and a widening filter of the apparatus of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a panorama filter of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a production of a wide stereo sound from a mono sound according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a production of an adaptive wide stereo sound according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept. Best Mode
  • D(z) denotes a diagonal matrix comprising filter coefficients (D (z), D (z)) having a delay time and an amplitude of the stereo-channel audio signal.
  • an apparatus to reproduce a stereo sound including a binaural synthesis portion, a crosstalk canceller, and direct filters.
  • the binaural synthesis portion forms virtual sound sources corresponding to arbitrary locations from a stereo-channel audio signal using head related transfer functions measured at predetermined locations.
  • the crosstalk canceller cancels crosstalk from the virtual sound sources formed by the binaural synthesis portion, using filter coefficients based on information about angles at which actual speakers are disposed.
  • the direct filters adjust a signal amplitude of and a time delay of the stereo- channel audio signal based on the crosstalk-cancelled virtual sound sources using filter coefficients of the direct filters.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus to reproduce a wide stereo sound, according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • the apparatus includes a widening filter 120 and left and right direct filters 140 and 150.
  • the widening filter 120 is formed by convolving left and right binaural synthesis portions 122 and 124 and a crosstalk canceller 128 together.
  • a panorama filter 100 is formed by convolving the widening filter 120 with the left and right direct filters 140 and 150.
  • the left and right binaural synthesis portions 122 and 124 produce virtual sound sources from a 2-channel audio signal based on head related transfer functions (HRTFs) measured at predetermined locations (angles) with respect to a sound source.
  • HRTFs head related transfer functions
  • the left and right binaural synthesis portions 122 and 124 render virtual speakers 182 and 192 symmetrically disposed in front of a listener, using the HRTFs.
  • a left-channel audio signal of the 2-channel audio signal is convolved with HRTFs measured at - 30 degrees.
  • a right-channel audio signal of the 2-channel audio signal is convolved with HRTFs measured at +30 degrees.
  • an audio signal convolved with the HRTF for the left ear at - 30 degrees and an audio signal convolved with the HRTF for the left ear at +30 degrees are summed to form a left virtual audio signal corresponding to a left virtual speaker 182.
  • An audio signal convolved with the HRTF for the right ear at - 30 degrees and an audio signal convolved with the HRTF for the right ear at +30 degrees are summed to form a right virtual audio signal corresponding to a right virtual speaker 192.
  • the crosstalk canceller 128 cancels crosstalk between the left and right virtual audio signals formed by the left and right binaural synthesis portions 122 and 124, based on filter coefficients in which the HRTFs are reflected. In other words, the crosstalk canceller 128 cancels the crosstalk between the left and right virtual audio signals so that the listener cannot hear the left virtual audio signal corresponding to the left virtual speaker 182 through the right ear and cannot hear the right virtual audio signal corresponding to the right virtual speaker 192 through the left ear.
  • the left and right direct filters 140 and 150 adjust a level of and an output timing of the 2-channel audio signal with respect to the left and right virtual audio signals of which the crosstalk has been canceled by the crosstalk canceller 128.
  • the left and right direct filters 140 and 150 can filter an input stereo sound and adjust an output timing of and a signal level of a sound to be output through actual speakers 180 and 190 with respect to a sound (left and right virtual audio signals) corresponding to the virtual speakers 182 and 192 to thereby produce a natural sound.
  • the 2-channel audio signal filtered by the left and right direct filters 140 and 150 and the left and right virtual audio signals filtered by the widening filter 120 are summed and output to left and right actual speakers 180 and 190.
  • the left and right actual speakers 180 and 190 output the 2-channel audio signal adjusted by the left and right direct filters 140 and 150 and the left and right virtual audio signals so that the listener hears the adjusted 2 channel audio signal from the left and right actual speakers 180 and 190, and the listener hears the left and right virtual audio signals from the left and right virtual speakers 182 and 192 although outputs (left and right audio signals of the 2-channel audio signal) of the left and right direct filters 140 and 150 and the left and right virtual audio signals of the widening filter 120 are output through the left and right actual speakers 180 and 190, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of implementing the apparatus of FIG. 1.
  • An acoustic transfer function between a speaker and an eardrum is referred to as an HRTF.
  • the HRTF contains information representing characteristics of a space into which a sound is transferred, including a difference between timings when sound wave signals reach the right and left ears, a difference between levels of the sound wave signals for the right and left ears, and shapes of the right and left pinnas.
  • the HRTF can include information about the pinnas that critically affect localizations of upper and lower sound images. The information about the pinnas can be obtained through measurements because modeling the pinnas is not easy.
  • angles at which the virtual speakers 182 and 192 are disposed are selected.
  • the virtual speakers 182 and 192 are disposed based on binaural synthesis.
  • the virtual sound sources can be formed at arbitrary locations by the use of an HRTF database measured at predetermined locations (angles) with respect to the speakers 180 and 190 and/or the virtual speakers 182 and 192. For example, if an HRTF measured at 30 degrees and an actual sound source are convolved, a sense of a virtual sound source at 30 degrees can be obtained.
  • 2N virtual speakers are symmetrically disposed in front of a listener to widen a stereo sound stage. Right- and left-channel signals of a stereo sound pass through N virtual speakers located on the right side of the listener and N virtual speakers located on the left side of the listener, respectively.
  • Equation 1 is:
  • L Li (z) denotes an HRTF between an i-th left virtual speaker and the left ear
  • R Li (z) denotes an HRTF between an i-th right virtual speaker and the left ear
  • L Ri (z) denotes an HRTF between the i-th left virtual speaker and the right ear
  • R Ri (z) denotes an HRTF between the i-th right virtual speaker and the right ear.
  • the crosstalk canceller 128 is used to prevent a stereo sound effect from being degraded due to generation of crosstalk between the two actual speakers 180 and 190 and the two ears of the listener upon sound reproduction through only the two actual speakers 180 and 190.
  • FIG. 4 is a detailed block diagram of the crosstalk canceller 128. Referring to FIG. 4, d(z) denotes a binaural-synthesized signal, u(z) denotes an output of a speaker, and e(z) denotes an error to be minimized.
  • Reference character H(z) denotes a transfer function matrix (e.g., a 2 x 2 square matrix) between two speakers and two ears of a listener
  • reference character C(z) denotes a crosstalk-cancellation matrix designed to be inverse to the transfer function matrix H(z).
  • Reference numeral A(z) denotes a pure delay filter matrix to satisfy causality. Since the transfer function matrix H(z) can have a shape of a finite impulse response (FIR) filter, the crosstalk-cancellation matrix C(z) can have a shape of an IIR filter because the crosstalk-cancellation matrix C(z) is inverse to the transfer function matrix H(z).
  • FIR finite impulse response
  • the wide stereo sound reproducing apparatus of FIG. 1 can include a portion to convert an IIR filter into an FIR filter and optimize the order of the filter, such that an optimized IIR filter can be applied to a crosstalk canceller.
  • the crosstalk cancellation matrix C(z) designed based on IIR filter coefficients is divided into a stable portion and an unstable portion.
  • the stable portion is formed of the IIR filter
  • the unstable portion is formed of the FIR filter.
  • the two portions are convolved to obtain a single stable IIR filter.
  • the binaural synthesis and the crosstalk canceller 128 are convolved to design the widening filter 120 based on the IIR filter. If 2N virtual speakers are arranged, a binaural synthesis is a 2x2 square matrix, and the crosstalk cancellation matrix C(z) is also a 2x2 square matrix. Hence, the widening filter is a 2x2 square matrix corresponding to a product of the two 2x2 square matrixes. The widening filter is obtained by Equation 2:
  • W(z) denotes a widening filter matrix
  • C(z) denotes the crosstalk cancellation matrix
  • L (z) denotes the HRTF between the left virtual speaker 182 and the left ear
  • R (z) denotes the HRTF between the right virtual speaker 192 and the left ear
  • L (z) denotes the HRTF between the left virtual speaker 182 and the right ear
  • R R R (z) denotes the HRTF between the right virtual speaker 192 and the right ear.
  • the crosstalk canceller 128 is optimized based on the IIR filter, the order of the widening filter 120 can be increased like the crosstalk canceller filter 128. Thus, there can be difficulty in implementing the widening filter 120 in real time.
  • the widening filter 120 converts the IIR filter into the FIR filter using frequency sampling to minimize the order of the widening filter. At this time, a frequency interval in a frequency band is adjusted using the frequency sampling to thereby adjust the order of the FIR filter. A minimum filter order that does not degrade a performance of a filter is determined through a hearing test.
  • the direct filters 140 and 150 are designed so that the actual speakers 180 and 190 can also output sounds.
  • the direct filters 140 and 150 adjust the sizes of outputs of the actual and virtual speakers 180, 190, 182 and 192 and a time delay between the actual and virtual speakers 180, 190, 182, and 192.
  • the time delay by the direct filters 140 and 150 is matched with a predesigned time delay by the widening filter 120 to prevent a deterioration of the tone of the sound.
  • the direct filters 140 and 150 determine a ratio of output levels of the actual speakers 180 and 190 to output levels of the virtual speakers 182 and 192.
  • the direct filters can adjust a degree to which the stereo sound is divided.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a relationship between a matrix D(z) of each of the direct filters 140 and 150 and the matrix W(z) of the widening filter 120.
  • the widening filter 120 forms the left and right virtual audio signals from the input stereo sound and outputs the left and right virtual audio signals corresponding to the virtual speakers 182 and 192.
  • the direct filters 140 and 150 adjust signal characteristics of the input stereo sound based on the left and right virtual audio signals and outputs an adjusted input stereo sound to the actual speakers 180 and 190.
  • a panorama filter 100 is designed by convolving the widening filter 120 and the direct filters 140 and 150.
  • a parameter filter matrix P(z) which is a single filter, is obtained by adding the widening filter matrix W(z) and the direct filter matrix D(z).
  • Equation 4 Each element of the matrix P(z) is calculated using Equation 4 :
  • each element of the matrixes P(z) and W(z) is an FIR filter coefficient
  • D(z) denotes a diagonal matrix comprising filter coefficients (D (z), D R (z)) having a pure delay time and a pure size.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the panorama filter 100 to reproduce the wide stereo sound.
  • the stereo sound is a 2 x 2 vector
  • the stereo sound passes through the panorama filter 100 in the shape of a 2 x 2 square matrix
  • a 2-channel widened stereo sound is output.
  • the amplitude of a signal not yet passed through the panorama filter 100 and a signal passed through the panorama filter 100 can be adjusted through various hearing tests to obtain the greatest sound quality when the wide stereo sound is played.
  • the values of the final output signals are obtained using Equation 5:
  • L and R denote left and right input signals of two channels, respectively, and y L, and y R denote left and right output signals of two channels, respectively.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an apparatus to reproduce a wide stereo sound from a mono sound, according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • TV broadcasting stations generally output mono-sounds.
  • the panorama filter matrix P(z), of FIG. 6 has a symmetrical structure as shown in Equation 4.
  • the mono-sound passes through the panorama filter matrix P(z)
  • identical signals are output to the actual speakers 180 and 190.
  • the mono-sound is input to the panorama filter 100 of FIG. 6, a stereo sound effect is not generated.
  • the mono audio signal input through a single channel is converted into a 2-channel audio signal while passing through a phase inverter 710, which inverts a phase of the input mono signal by 180 degrees.
  • the input mono audio signal and a mono audio signal having a 180 ° -converted phase are input to a panorama filter 100, which is pre-designed with an optimal filter.
  • the stereo sound produced from the mono sound can be expressed as in Equation 6:
  • L denotes a left channel
  • R denotes a right channel
  • M denotes the mono sound
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a system to produce an adaptive wide stereo sound, according to an embodiment of the present general inventive concept.
  • a location ascertaining unit 810 ascertains a location of the listener using an iris recognition technology.
  • the location ascertaining unit 810 is not limited to using the iris recognition technology, but may variously determine the location of the user.
  • a controller 830 reads the filter coefficients P , P , P , and P corresponding to 11 12 21 22 the listener's location ascertained by the location ascertaining unit 810 from the filter coefficient table 820 and outputs the filter coefficients P 11 , P 12 , P 21 , and P 22 to the panorama filter 100.
  • the panorama filter 100 generates the stereo sound corresponding to the input 2-channel audio signal using the received filter coefficients P 11 , P 12 , P 21 , and P . Consequently, the system of FIG. 8 can provide the stereo sound effect adaptive to each location of the listener.
  • the general inventive concept can also be embodied as computer readable codes on a computer readable recording medium.
  • the computer readable recording medium can be any data storage device that can store data which can be thereafter read by a computer system. Examples of the computer readable recording medium include readonly memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and carrier waves (such as data transmission through the Internet).
  • ROM readonly memory
  • RAM random-access memory
  • CD-ROMs compact discs
  • magnetic tapes magnetic tapes
  • floppy disks optical data storage devices
  • carrier waves such as data transmission through the Internet

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé de reproduction d'un son stéréo large par élargissement de la sortie du son stéréo à l'aide d'un appareil de reproduction audio utilisant uniquement des haut-parleurs à deux canaux disposés de façon rapprochée et comprenant une opération de filtrage d'élargissement ainsi qu'une opération de filtrage direct. Dans l'opération de filtrage d'élargissement, des sources de son virtuel pour des points arbitraires sont formées à partir d'un signal audio de canaux stéréo à l'aide de fonctions de transfert par rapport à la tête et mesurée en des points prédéterminés, la diaphonie étant annulée des sources de son virtuel à l'aide de coefficients de filtre dans lesquels sont reflétées les fonctions de transfert par rapport à la tête. Dans l'opération de filtre direct, les caractéristiques du signal audio des canaux stéréo sont ajustées sur la base des sources de son virtuel à diaphonie supprimée.
EP05745659.2A 2004-06-04 2005-05-27 Appareil et procede de reproduction d'un son stereo large Withdrawn EP1752017A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US57661804P 2004-06-04 2004-06-04
KR1020040043077A KR100677119B1 (ko) 2004-06-04 2004-06-11 와이드 스테레오 재생 방법 및 그 장치
US57886004P 2004-06-14 2004-06-14
PCT/KR2005/001559 WO2005120133A1 (fr) 2004-06-04 2005-05-27 Appareil et procede de reproduction d'un son stereo large

Publications (2)

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EP1752017A1 true EP1752017A1 (fr) 2007-02-14
EP1752017A4 EP1752017A4 (fr) 2015-08-19

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EP (1) EP1752017A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008502200A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005120133A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2008502200A (ja) 2008-01-24
WO2005120133A1 (fr) 2005-12-15
EP1752017A4 (fr) 2015-08-19

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