EP1750529A1 - Tripe de tabac a faible teneur en azote - Google Patents

Tripe de tabac a faible teneur en azote

Info

Publication number
EP1750529A1
EP1750529A1 EP05739814A EP05739814A EP1750529A1 EP 1750529 A1 EP1750529 A1 EP 1750529A1 EP 05739814 A EP05739814 A EP 05739814A EP 05739814 A EP05739814 A EP 05739814A EP 1750529 A1 EP1750529 A1 EP 1750529A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
fiber portion
refined
aqueous
extract
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05739814A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1750529B1 (fr
Inventor
John-Paul Mua
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc filed Critical Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
Publication of EP1750529A1 publication Critical patent/EP1750529A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1750529B1 publication Critical patent/EP1750529B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
    • A24B15/14—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco made of tobacco and a binding agent not derived from tobacco

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to tobacco and reconstituted tobacco smoking materials and methods of making same. More particularly, the present invention relates to the materials and methods that provide smoking materials with low nitrogen content.
  • BACKGROUND Tobacco material contains various nitrogenous compounds that can adversely affect its smoke quality. Among these nitrogenous compounds are proteins, amino acids, heterocyclic aromatic amines, tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA), as well as other compounds formed by pyrolysis or transfer of these nitrogenous compounds. It has been determined that tobacco quality is improved by reducing its nitrogen content.
  • Plant proteins are divided into four major classes: albumins; globulins; prolamins (also known as gliadins); and, glutelins.
  • Albumins are soluble in water, whereas globulins are soluble in dilute salt solutions.
  • Prolamins are soluble in dilute acid or alkali solutions, while glutelins are soluble in alcohol solutions.
  • Insoluble proteins make up 85% to 95% of the total proteins found in cured tobacco. These insoluble proteins are globular in conformation, and are bound to lipoidal organocellular membranes of fiber or cellulose cell walls.
  • Solubilization and extraction of these insoluble proteins have proven difficult when using water or solvents under moderate digestion conditions (i.e. less than 100° C at 65-70 psig) and with shredded tobacco of size suitable for cigarette manufacture. Partial removal of protein from cured tobacco can be accomplished by extraction with water, with the efficiency of the extraction improving as the particle size is reduced. However, for shredded tobacco of the size normally used for cigarette manufacture, most of the protein cannot be extracted by water alone. This difficulty is due in large part to the compact and rigid structure of fiber cells. Penetration of rigid cell wall structure by solvents has proven feasible only after thermal and/or mechanical sample treatment. However, the common result of such sample treatment is poor recovery of the solvated particulate material.
  • the extract is separated from the tobacco and inoculated with a yeast culture, which, as it grows, removes the soluble protein fragments in the extract by metabolic assimilation. After removal of the yeast, the protein-free extract is concentrated and added back to the tobacco strips.
  • Bernasek et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,887,618 describes a process in which tobacco is first extracted with water. The tobacco residue remaining after extraction is separated from the solution, mixed with water and treated with a proteolytic enzyme. The protein-reduced tobacco is separated from the enzyme solution, rinsed and dried. The water extract is concentrated and added back to the protein reduced tobacco.
  • Bernasek et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,887,618 describes a process in which tobacco is first extracted with water. The tobacco residue remaining after extraction is separated from the solution, mixed with water and treated with a proteolytic enzyme. The protein-reduced tobacco is separated from the enzyme solution, rinsed and dried. The water extract is concentrated and added back to the protein
  • DeGrandpre et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,311,886
  • the proteolytic enzyme if used, is chosen from the group comprising the bacterial and fungal enzymes.
  • the enzymes used commercially in the food and detergent industries ie. Savinase*, Neutrase*, Enzobake* or Alcalase*) available from Novo Inc. were found to have been effective for protein removal from tobacco. These enzymes were added to the solution in the concentration range 0.1% to 5% w/w of the tobacco material.
  • 6,508,254 relates to a method for providing a reconstituted tobacco material having a reduced nitrogenous content without having the problems associated with the use of enzymes.
  • the tobacco material in the form of flue cured and burley whole leaf, stems, fines, lamina or scraps, and/or burley stems was first contacted with an aqueous solvent. The resulting liquid extract was then separated from the tobacco fiber portion. The tobacco fiber portion was then contacted with a solution containing sodium acetate and/or sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide. This solution was also separated from the tobacco fiber portion. The tobacco fiber portion may then have been washed, refined and processed into reconstituted tobacco sheets.
  • the liquid extract from the aqueous solvent extraction may have been concentrated and added back to the sheets.
  • the process starts with flue cured and / or burley tobacco in the form of whole leaf, stems, fines, lamina or scraps.
  • the tobacco material is first contacted with an aqueous solvent.
  • the resulting liquid extract is separated from the tobacco fiber portion.
  • the tobacco fiber portion is then processed according to the present invention.
  • the weak extract liquid ( WEL) may be discarded, processed and/or concentrated and added back to the processed fiber portion.
  • the tobacco fiber portion is then refined and optionally digested with an alkali solution.
  • the resulting tobacco material is then mixed with cellulose fibers and optionally inert materials.
  • the inert materials may be inorganic or organic.
  • the inorganic inert material that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose includes CaCO 3 , MgO, MgCO 3 and combinations thereof.
  • the organic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose include chitosan, liposan and combinations thereof. Additionally, both the organic and inorganic inert materials may be mixed together with the tobacco and cellulose material. These combined materials may then be cast into sheet via a papermaking process or a binder and a humectant may be added and the material cast into sheet via bandcast sheet processing.
  • the inert materials may include up to 20% of the finished sheet produced by the present invention.
  • the tobacco fiber portion may make up to 50% of the finished sheet produced by the present invention.
  • the finished sheet includes between approximately 10% to 50% tobacco.
  • the liquid extract or WEL from the aqueous solvent extraction may be discarded or added back to the fiber portion. If the WEL is to be added back to the fiber portion, it may be processed and/or concentrated. If the smoking material is to be cast into sheet by a paper making process, then the WEL is added back directly to the formed sheet. If the smoking material is to be cast into sheet by a bandcast process, then the WEL is added back just prior to the bandcast sheet processing. These finished sheets may then be used in smoking articles, such as cigarettes.
  • the reduction of nitrogenous compounds in the smoking material provides for improved smokability and a reduction in nitrogen containing pyrolitic products emitted from smoking articles which contain the tobacco material.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of the process steps representative of the present invention.
  • tobacco materials 10 in the form of flue cured and/or burley stems, scraps, fines, and cut lamina are contacted at process station 11 with an aqueous solvent, such as water, at a temperature of about 60° C to 90° C for about 0.25 to 1 hour.
  • an aqueous solvent such as water
  • the contacting of the tobacco with an aqueous solvent, process station 11, may be conducted in a tank or similar mixing vessel in which the solvent and tobacco are heated and may be agitated or stirred.
  • the resulting aqueous tobacco extract or weak extract liquid (WEL), containing flavor compounds is separated from the tobacco fiber portion at process station 12.
  • WEL weak extract liquid
  • the tobacco/solvent mixture formed at process station 11 is then pumped into a centrifuge from the mixing vessel and centrifugally separated or alternatively the mixture may be filtered to remove the tobacco fiber portion 17 from the WEL 13 at process station 12.
  • the WEL 13 may be reserved for reapplication to the fiber portion 17 with or without separate processing 14.
  • the WEL 13 may be deproteinated by contacting it with a solid phase adsorbent at process station 14.
  • a solid phase adsorbent such as such as a bentonite and carbon containing adsorbent, is mixed with the WEL 13 in a vessel and then separated therefrom by centrifugation, or a similar separation process well known in the art.
  • the WEL 13, whether treated at process station 14 or untreated, containing flavor compounds may then be concentrated at process station 16 by vacuum evaporation.
  • the tobacco fiber portion 17 may undergo several alternative processes.
  • the tobacco fiber portion 17 may be refined and digested at process station 18.
  • the refining process at process station 18 consists of fiberizing or breaking down the tobacco into smaller fibers.
  • the digestion process at process station 18 consists of adding one part of the refined tobacco to about eight parts of an alkali solution having about 1.25 % to 12 % NaOH or KOH.
  • the tobacco is digested in the alkali solution at about 170° F to 190° F for up to 3 hours. Alternatively, digestion may be accomplished by autoclaving the tobacco at about 120° C for about 15 to 30 minutes at about 17 to 27 psig.
  • the resulting tobacco material is then mixed with cellulose fibers and optionally inert materials at process station 19.
  • Tobacco may make up to 50% of the sheet formed at process station 21.
  • tobacco will make up between about 10% to 50% of the sheet formed at process station 21.
  • the optional inert materials at process station 19 may be inorganic or organic.
  • the inorganic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose at process station 19 include CaCO 3 , MgO, MgCO 3 and combinations thereof.
  • the organic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose at process station 19 include chitosan, liposan and combinations thereof. Additionally, both the organic and inorganic inert materials may be mixed together with the tobacco and cellulose material at process station 19.
  • the inert materials added at process station 19 may include up to 20% of the sheet formed at process station 21. These combined materials may then be mixed with the WEL 13, whether treated 14, untreated 13 and/or concentrated 16.
  • a binder and humectant is added to the mixture.
  • the mixture resulting from process station 20 is then cast into sheets via a bandcast process at process station 21.
  • the sheets resulting from process station 21 is then cut and added to tobacco producing a tobacco blend at process station 34.
  • the tobacco fiber portion may be refined at process station 22 and mixed with cellulose fibers and optionally inert materials at process station 23.
  • the optional inert materials at process station 23 may be inorganic or organic.
  • the inorganic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose at process station 23 include CaCO 3 , MgO, MgCO 3 and combinations thereof.
  • the organic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose at process station 23 include chitosan, liposan, and combinations thereof. Additionally, both the organic and inorganic inert materials may be mixed together with the tobacco and cellulose material at process station 23.
  • the inert materials may include up to 20% of the bandcast sheet formed at process station 25.
  • the tobacco fiber portion may make up to 50% of the bandcast sheet formed at process station 25.
  • a binder and humectant is added to the mixture.
  • the mixture resulting from process station 24 is then cast into sheets via a bandcast process at process station 25.
  • the sheets resulting from process station 25 are then cut and added to tobacco producing a tobacco blend at process station 34.
  • the process of the present invention may produce sheet via a paper making process. Two embodiments of the present invention are shown in Figure 1 to incorporate a paper making process station.
  • the tobacco fiber portion 17 is refined and digested at process station 26.
  • the refined and digested tobacco fiber is then mixed with cellulose fibers and optionally inert materials at process station 27.
  • the optional inert materials at process station 27 may be inorganic or organic.
  • the inorganic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose at process station 27 include CaCO 3 , MgO, MgCO 3 and combinations thereof.
  • the organic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose at process station 27 include chitosan, liposan, and combinations thereof. Additionally, both the organic and inorganic inert materials may be mixed together with the tobacco and cellulose material at process station 27.
  • the inert materials may include up to 20% of the sheet formed at process station 28.
  • the tobacco fiber portion may make up to 50% of the sheet formed at process station 28.
  • the paper sheet resulting from process station 28 may then have the WEL 13, whether treated 14, untreated 13 and/or concentrated 16 added back at process station 29.
  • the paper sheets resulting from process station 29 are then cut and added to tobacco producing a tobacco blend at process station 34.
  • the tobacco fiber portion 17 is first refined at process station 30.
  • the refined tobacco fiber is then mixed with cellulose fibers and optionally inert materials at process station 31.
  • the optional inert materials at process station 31 may be inorganic or organic.
  • the inorganic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose at process station 31 include CaCO 3 , MgO, MgCO 3 and combinations thereof.
  • the organic inert materials that may be mixed with the tobacco fibers and cellulose at process station 31 include chitosan, liposan, and combinations thereof. Additionally, both the organic and inorganic inert materials may be mixed together with the tobacco and cellulose material at process station 31.
  • the inert materials may include up to 20% of the sheet formed at process station 32.
  • the tobacco fiber portion may make up to 50% of the sheet formed at process station 32.
  • Example 1 Burley tobacco in the form of whole leaf, stems, fines, lamina and scraps was first extracted with water. This was accomplished by placing approximately 1 part of tobacco material into a vessel having approximately 11 parts of water. The tobacco and water were contacted at about 160° F for about 30 minutes. The tobacco and water was periodically mixed during this extraction. The tobacco and extract were then separated by basket centrifuge forming a WEL and an extracted tobacco fiber. The WEL was discarded, while the fiber was refined or fiberized. A portion of the extracted burley tobacco fiber was formed into sheet with a MKS sheet former and analyzed to provide control data.
  • Another portion of the fiber was treated with Savinase* in accordance with the process in DeGrandpre et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,311,886). This was accomplished by placing approximately 3.8 to 4.8 kg of extracted tobacco fiber into solution having approximately 200 ml. Savinase*, 40 g NaOH and 114 L water. The tobacco fiber was digested in the solution at about 57° C for about 30 minutes while the solution was periodically stirred. The Savinase* solution was then separated from the tobacco fiber by basket centrifuge and discarded. The Savinase* treated burley tobacco fiber was rinsed three times with a salt solution having 1.84 kg NaCl in 80 L water.
  • the rinsed burley tobacco fiber was autoclaved (heated to 121°C and held for 15 min, at 17 psig) to inactivate any remaining enzymes and formed into sheet with a MKS sheet former and analyzed for Hoffmann anlaytes.
  • a separate portion of the burley tobacco fiber was treated with alkali in accordance with Mua et al. This was accomplished by adding 1 part of tobacco fiber having about 60% moisture to about 8 parts of an alkali solution having about 2.5 % NaOH. The tobacco was digested in the alkali solution at about 190° F for about 2 hours. The tobacco fiber was then separated by basket centrifuge and the alkali solution was discarded.
  • the flue/burley tobacco was processed in accordance with the present invention where a finished base sheet was5 produced having 15% tobacco and separately 50% tobacco. These base sheets were analyzed for Hoffmann ayalytes and the results are as shown below. Protein (nitrogen) and other Hoffmann analyte precursor removal/reduction from Flue/Burley Base Sheet Reconstitution Total Protein Total Polyphenols Alkaloids Nitrate process nitrogen (% dwb) TSNAs (% dwb) (% dwb) (% dwb) (% dwb) (ppm) Chlorogenic Rutin 5 acid Washed 1.48 8.50 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 flue/burley- Control Flue/burley - 0.56 3.38 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.1 Savinase* treated
  • the WEL was treated with an adsorbent having bentonite and carbon, to remove nitrogenous compounds, and the treated WEL was added back to the5 tobacco sheets.
  • the burley tobacco containing sheets were processed in accordance with the present invention where a finished sheet was produced having 50% tobacco (15% tobacco fiber + 35% concentrated extract). These finished sheets were analyzed for Hoffmann ayalytes and the results are as shown below.
  • Example 4 A mixture of tobacco having flue and burley tobacco in a ratio of about one to one 15 was processed in accordance with the procedures in Example 3 to obtain a washed burley control, Savinase* treated, and alkali treated tobacco sheets.
  • the flue/burley tobacco containing sheets were processed in accordance with the present invention where a finished sheet was produced having 65% and 45% tobacco. These finished sheets were analyzed for Hoffmann ayalytes and the results are as shown below.
  • the process of the present invention substantially reduced the total nitrogen and 0 protein content in the smoking material.
  • Neither the Savinase* nor the alkali treated tobacco lowered the nitrogen and protein content of the smoking material near the 77% and 75% reductions as obtained in this example having 45% tobacco.
  • the aforementioned examples show that the present invention substantially reduces total nitrogen and protein content of smoking materials. Additionally, the problems5 associated with the prior art of having enzyme residues in the smoking material and having problems in the paper making process have been resolved in the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Indole Compounds (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à fumer comprenant des teneurs réduites en composés d'azote et consistant à mettre en contact un matériau de tabac avec un solvant aqueux, à séparer le solvant aqueux de la partie fibreuse du tabac, à mélanger la partie fibreuse du tabac avec un matériau renfermant de la cellulose et éventuellement à ajouter à nouveau le solvant aqueux pouvant avoir été traité et/ou concentré.
EP05739814A 2004-05-27 2005-04-27 Tripe de tabac a faible teneur en azote Active EP1750529B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/855,925 US20050263161A1 (en) 2004-05-27 2004-05-27 Tobacco filler of low nitrogen content
PCT/US2005/014477 WO2005117619A1 (fr) 2004-05-27 2005-04-27 Tripe de tabac a faible teneur en azote

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1750529A1 true EP1750529A1 (fr) 2007-02-14
EP1750529B1 EP1750529B1 (fr) 2012-08-29

Family

ID=34967214

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05739814A Active EP1750529B1 (fr) 2004-05-27 2005-04-27 Tripe de tabac a faible teneur en azote

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20050263161A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1750529B1 (fr)
AR (1) AR049507A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0511528B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2566712C (fr)
WO (1) WO2005117619A1 (fr)

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EP2617299A1 (fr) 2012-01-18 2013-07-24 Delfortgroup AG Papier rempli de particules de tabac
CN103211287B (zh) * 2012-09-27 2014-11-12 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 一种降低造纸法再造烟叶木浆纤维用量的方法
US9220296B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-12-29 Safall Fall Method of reducing tobacco-specific nitrosamines
CN103315378B (zh) * 2013-06-28 2015-06-17 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 提高造纸法再造烟叶抗张强度和感官品质的方法
WO2016067226A1 (fr) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-06 Recon Inc. Tabac reconstitué par nano-stratification
US10765143B2 (en) * 2017-09-14 2020-09-08 Altria Client Services Llc Smoking article with reduced tobacco
CN108776464B (zh) * 2018-06-08 2020-09-08 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 一种再造烟叶生产过程浆液匹配的控制方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0511528A (pt) 2008-01-02
WO2005117619A1 (fr) 2005-12-15
BRPI0511528B1 (pt) 2016-05-31
CA2566712A1 (fr) 2005-12-15
US20050263161A1 (en) 2005-12-01
CA2566712C (fr) 2009-11-03
EP1750529B1 (fr) 2012-08-29
AR049507A1 (es) 2006-08-09

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