EP1749144B1 - Rock bolting method and rock bolt - Google Patents

Rock bolting method and rock bolt Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1749144B1
EP1749144B1 EP05732230A EP05732230A EP1749144B1 EP 1749144 B1 EP1749144 B1 EP 1749144B1 EP 05732230 A EP05732230 A EP 05732230A EP 05732230 A EP05732230 A EP 05732230A EP 1749144 B1 EP1749144 B1 EP 1749144B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rock
bolt
length
tubular
bolt portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05732230A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1749144A1 (en
Inventor
Fredrik ÖBERG
Mario Bureau
François Charette
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Epiroc Rock Drills AB
Original Assignee
Atlas Copco Rock Drills AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Copco Rock Drills AB filed Critical Atlas Copco Rock Drills AB
Priority to SI200530313T priority Critical patent/SI1749144T1/sl
Priority to PL05732230T priority patent/PL1749144T3/pl
Publication of EP1749144A1 publication Critical patent/EP1749144A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1749144B1 publication Critical patent/EP1749144B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/02—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection having means for indicating tension
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0046—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts formed by a plurality of elements arranged longitudinally
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0073—Anchoring-bolts having an inflatable sleeve, e.g. hollow sleeve expanded by a fluid

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a method in rock bolting According to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also concerns a rock bolt according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the previously known rock bolt is capable of supporting loads in order to i.a. stabilize a rock face belonging to a rock structure in connection with tunnelling, mining, drifting and the like.
  • a rock bolt having a tubular bolt portion can be manufactured and dimensioned such that great pulling forces, which a rock bolt typically can be subjected to at powerful but in space limited movements in the rock structure it is intended to stabilize, does not cause breakage of the rock bolt but instead results in controlled sliding of the tubular bolt portion, a limited distance inside the bore hole, whereupon the rock bolt is again capable of resisting essentially the same load as prior to the sliding, so that such movements in the rock structure will be tolerable.
  • the advantages of the invention are besides that rock bolt failure is avoided also that the number of rock bolts per surface unit can be reduced, and that the dimensions of rock bolts that are used can be reduced, since the intended and resulting yielding thus allows rock movements in a controlled manner. Thereby the rock structure does not have to be stabilized in an exaggerated and a more costly manner.
  • the length of the tubular bolt portion is determined as the result of at least one measurement, preformed during pulling of at least one rock bolt having a tubular bolt portion of a predetermined in at least one bore hole in the same or in a corresponding rock structure.
  • the rock bolts to be used at the stabilization can thereupon be produced and adequately dimensioned with respect to the length of the tubular bolt portion, so that the intended sliding at intended loads is achieved.
  • said predetermined value is the yield point load for the tubular bolt portion, which means that the material is optimized to the existing conditions in an advantageous way.
  • the yield point load for the tubular bolt portion of a rock bolt intended here can be determined by a person skilled in the art through in per se previously known load tests.
  • a number of drawing tests as for example 5 - 10 drawing tests, are performed, in order to obtain more reliable values for dimensioning.
  • the distribution in the results is considered in order to determine the marginal to the yield point when the length of a tubular bolt portion which is to be used for each rock bolt, is to determine.
  • the length of the tubular bolt portion is determined and dimensioned such that said frictional force exceeds a predetermined minimum value in order to avoid unnecessary sliding movements at less powerful rock movements.
  • a device for performing said method includes means for engagement with a rock bolt having a tubular bolt portion inserted into and expanded inside a bore hole, means for applying a pulling force to said rock bolt, means for detecting sliding of said rock bolt as a result of application of said pulling force and means for detecting and measuring the pulling force that corresponds to the detected sliding.
  • This device allows effective determining of the effective length of a rock bolt which has the ability of yielding through sliding at greater movements in the rock structure.
  • reference number 1 relates to a rock structure, wherein a rock bolt 2 is inserted inside a bore hole, the inner wall of which is referenced 3.
  • the rock bolt 2 includes a tubular expandable bolt portion 4 and a tension rod 5 which adjoins to the tubular bolt portion 4 over an adapter sleeve 6.
  • a tension rod in the form of a number of tubular sections 5', in pairs joined with the aid of a joining sleeve 5". This arrangement allows the use of rock bolts having a great total length also in narrow drifts, which otherwise would limit the length of a tension rod in one piece.
  • the tubular bolt portion 4 is completed with a terminal sleeve 7.
  • a rock plate 8 is as usually applied, which through preloading of the tension rod 5 exerts an inwardly directed stabilizing pressing force against an outer part of the rock structure 1.
  • Fig. 1 9 indicates a crevice in the rock structure in order to somewhat illustrate the inherent instability of the rock structure 1.
  • movements in the rock structure which tend to displace the rock plate 8 axially outwards, that is to the right in Fig. 1 , and that subject the rock bolt to a sufficiently high force, result in a sliding of the tubular bolt portion 4 against the inner wall of the bore hole 3. In particular this occurs if the force exerted on the rock bolt by the moveable portion of the rock structure, exceeds a minimum value.
  • a device 14 for measuring frictional forces that are present in a certain type of expandable rock bolts in connection with a certain contracture is shown.
  • This device is intended for dimensioning of rock bolts according to the invention and in particular the length of the tubular bolt portion.
  • a process is undertaken in order to determine the effective length of a tubular bolt portion of a rock bolt before the positioning of a number of rock bolts in a rock structure in order to stabilize the rock face, as an example in tunnelling or drifting in mining.
  • the measurement is made such that a test specimen in the form of a rock bolt 10 having a tubular bolt portion of a predetermined length is inserted inside a bore hole 12 in the rock structuring 13 in question.
  • the length of the tubular bolt portion is suitably chosen such that sliding of the rock bolt is safely achieved at a force that is below the yield point of the tubular bolt portion. If the yield point would be reached before sliding is obtained, a new rock bolt with a shorter tubular bolt portion 11 will be selected.
  • the device for measuring 14 includes a tension rod 15 for adjoining to the expandable tubular bolt portion, a supporting portion 16 for applying against the side of the rock structure, an engagement portion 17 for the engagement with the tension rod 15 and a pulling mechanism 18 which, for example with hydraulic means, applies a pulling force to the rock bolt 9.
  • a control unit 19 senses the applied pulling force and detects when sliding occurs, and at which pulling force this occurs.
  • rock bolts can be dimensioned with adequate length of tubular bolt portion so that a pulling force corresponding to sliding for the chosen rock bolt with a tubular bolt portion of selected length as an example corresponds to about 60 - about 90% of said yield point load. Selection of an adequate length can as an example be made practically through lists, diagrams or the like.
  • Fig. 3 is illustrated a sequence for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • Position 20 indicates the start of the sequence.
  • Position 21 concerns inserting and expanding a tubular rock bolt having a certain predetermined length in a predrilled bore hole in a rock structure.
  • Position 22 concerns axially pulling of the rock bolt in a direction outwardly.
  • Position 23 concerns detecting of sliding of the rock bolt and the pulling force, at which sliding occurs. Through the interrupted line 26 is indicated that a plurality of drawing tests can be performed.
  • Position 24 concerns calculating of the length of the tubular bolt portion for a rock bolt, either through manual control in tables, diagrams etc. or automatically through a circuit which is connected to the control unit. This is performed starting from the drawing test or the drawing tests and associated detections performed in positions 22 - 24.
  • Position 25 concerns termination of the sequence.
  • the device for performing the method can be designed otherwise as long as it includes means for exerting a pulling force, detecting sliding and measuring pulling force at sliding.
  • the yield point is used as reference when dimensioning of rock bolts according to the invention. It is, however, not excluded that also other values that are significant for a rock bolt can be used for dimensioning. As an example the break load of the rock bolt could be used, wherein the tubular portion of the rock bolt could be dimensioned to have a length corresponding to a frictional force which is a certain determined part of the break load. It is also not excluded that dimensioning starts from the fact that the fictional force is to comprise a certain determined part of a significant value of the strength of the rock.
  • rock bolt according to the invention could be of different embodiments. It is for example not excluded that a rock bolt according to the invention includes more than one tubular bolt portion arranged one after the other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Hooks, Suction Cups, And Attachment By Adhesive Means (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
EP05732230A 2004-05-24 2005-04-18 Rock bolting method and rock bolt Active EP1749144B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200530313T SI1749144T1 (sl) 2004-05-24 2005-04-18 Postopek sidranja v skalo in sidrni vijak
PL05732230T PL1749144T3 (pl) 2004-05-24 2005-04-18 Sposób łączenia śrubami skał i śruba do skał

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0401317A SE527107C2 (sv) 2004-05-24 2004-05-24 Förfarande vid bergbultning jämte bergbult
PCT/SE2005/000555 WO2005113939A1 (en) 2004-05-24 2005-04-18 Rock bolting method and rock bolt

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1749144A1 EP1749144A1 (en) 2007-02-07
EP1749144B1 true EP1749144B1 (en) 2008-05-14

Family

ID=32589777

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05732230A Active EP1749144B1 (en) 2004-05-24 2005-04-18 Rock bolting method and rock bolt

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (1) US20070253783A1 (sl)
EP (1) EP1749144B1 (sl)
JP (1) JP2008500474A (sl)
CN (1) CN1957159A (sl)
AT (1) ATE395501T1 (sl)
AU (1) AU2005245752A1 (sl)
BR (1) BRPI0510935A (sl)
CA (1) CA2564291A1 (sl)
DE (1) DE602005006794D1 (sl)
DK (1) DK1749144T3 (sl)
ES (1) ES2306132T3 (sl)
HR (1) HRP20080360T3 (sl)
IL (1) IL178669A0 (sl)
NO (1) NO20066000L (sl)
PL (1) PL1749144T3 (sl)
PT (1) PT1749144E (sl)
RU (1) RU2006145897A (sl)
SE (1) SE527107C2 (sl)
SI (1) SI1749144T1 (sl)
WO (1) WO2005113939A1 (sl)
ZA (1) ZA200609069B (sl)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE535912C2 (sv) * 2011-06-30 2013-02-12 Leif Eriksson Expanderbar bergbult och ett förfarande för tillverkning av en bergbult
PT3019700T (pt) * 2013-07-12 2017-10-30 Minova Int Ltd Tirante de ancoragem ajustável
CN105610093B (zh) * 2016-03-01 2018-01-30 国家电网公司 一种锚固装置及锚固方法
CN110662883B (zh) * 2017-05-11 2022-08-30 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 摩擦岩石锚杆
CN118305907B (zh) * 2024-05-11 2024-10-11 中铁建电气化局集团第四工程有限公司 一种轨道交通配件打孔设备及其使用方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3148577A (en) * 1962-02-27 1964-09-15 Edward W Parsons Rock bolt anchored by explosive forming
US3349567A (en) * 1964-06-03 1967-10-31 John E Munn Mine roof support and method of providing same
US3665719A (en) * 1969-05-28 1972-05-30 Atlantic Richfield Co Apparatus for counterstressing in situ rock for support of underground openings
US3837258A (en) * 1970-02-03 1974-09-24 C Williams Rock bolts
SE427764B (sv) * 1979-03-09 1983-05-02 Atlas Copco Ab Bergbultningsforfarande jemte rorformig bergbult

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HRP20080360T3 (en) 2008-09-30
AU2005245752A1 (en) 2005-12-01
PT1749144E (pt) 2008-06-27
ZA200609069B (en) 2008-07-30
ES2306132T3 (es) 2008-11-01
WO2005113939A1 (en) 2005-12-01
IL178669A0 (en) 2007-02-11
SE0401317L (sv) 2005-11-25
ATE395501T1 (de) 2008-05-15
US20070253783A1 (en) 2007-11-01
SI1749144T1 (sl) 2008-10-31
DE602005006794D1 (de) 2008-06-26
SE0401317D0 (sv) 2004-05-24
JP2008500474A (ja) 2008-01-10
PL1749144T3 (pl) 2008-10-31
RU2006145897A (ru) 2008-06-27
SE527107C2 (sv) 2005-12-27
NO20066000L (no) 2006-12-22
CN1957159A (zh) 2007-05-02
DK1749144T3 (da) 2008-09-15
BRPI0510935A (pt) 2007-11-20
EP1749144A1 (en) 2007-02-07
CA2564291A1 (en) 2005-12-01

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