EP1748678B1 - Hearing device and method for the reduction of feedback - Google Patents
Hearing device and method for the reduction of feedback Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1748678B1 EP1748678B1 EP06117366A EP06117366A EP1748678B1 EP 1748678 B1 EP1748678 B1 EP 1748678B1 EP 06117366 A EP06117366 A EP 06117366A EP 06117366 A EP06117366 A EP 06117366A EP 1748678 B1 EP1748678 B1 EP 1748678B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sound
- microphone
- loudspeaker
- location
- hearing device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/40—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
- H04R25/407—Circuits for combining signals of a plurality of transducers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/45—Prevention of acoustic reaction, i.e. acoustic oscillatory feedback
- H04R25/453—Prevention of acoustic reaction, i.e. acoustic oscillatory feedback electronically
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2460/11—Aspects relating to vents, e.g. shape, orientation, acoustic properties in ear tips of hearing devices to prevent occlusion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/004—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for microphones
- H04R29/005—Microphone arrays
- H04R29/006—Microphone matching
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hearing apparatus and method for reducing feedback between a loudspeaker and a plurality of microphones.
- the present invention particularly relates to a corresponding hearing aid.
- the device has an additional handset, which is arranged in a ventilation channel.
- This additional receiver is located approximately in the middle of the ventilation channel and symmetrically in the ventilation channel are two microphones.
- One of the two microphones and the handset serve to avoid direct sound entering the ear canal, and the other microphone, together with the handset, serves to avoid feedback.
- A1 is a hearing aid with a microphone, an amplifier and a receiver that passes amplified sound to the user known.
- a second signal path is provided with a feedback suppressing microphone which is located at a location where it receives sound from the receiver causing the feedbacks.
- the output of this microphone is correspondingly attenuated and delayed by a time P corresponding to the effective acoustic distance between the second and the main microphone. In this way, the signal component in the signal from the main microphone that can achieve feedback or whistling can be substantially eliminated.
- the feedback cancellation arrangement comprises two microphones as well as a loudspeaker.
- the object of the present invention is thus to propose a hearing device with a low tendency to feedback, wherein the directional effect of the pinna is exploited and an open supply is to be ensured.
- this object is achieved by a hearing device according to claim 1.
- the invention provides a method according to claim 5.
- the hearing device is designed as a hearing aid.
- the tubular earmold is, for example, part of an otoplastic for a BTE or part of an ITE (in-the-ear hearing device).
- the hearing device has an amplifying device, with which a sound which penetrates from the outside into the earmold can be amplified differently than a sound originating from the loudspeaker.
- a corresponding signal processing unit is included in the amplification device, which separates the individual sound sources, so that feedback as far as possible is prevented.
- An advanced hearing device has a third microphone, so that sound that is reflected by an eardrum can be clearly recognized.
- This third microphone is accordingly placed in the ear canal or the earmold, so that the microphones receive a directivity in the direction of the auditory canal axis. As a result, it can be calculated from which direction the sound comes.
- the hearing device has a tubular earmold OP.
- This earmold OP has at its end faces in each case an opening 01, 02.
- a loudspeaker LS is located centrally. Its main emission direction is perpendicular to the axis of the earmold OP.
- Acoustically symmetrical to the loudspeaker LS two microphones M1 and M2 are arranged inside the earmold OP. Acoustically symmetric means the sound from the loudspeaker LS to the microphone M1 is subjected to the same transfer function as the sound from the loudspeaker LS to the microphone M2.
- Propagation directions of the sound from the speaker LS are indicated by simple arrows.
- FIG. 1 Furthermore, a geometric line of symmetry GS is shown, which is defined by the loudspeaker LS and to which the microphones M1 and M2 are arranged symmetrically.
- the acoustic symmetry differs slightly from the geometric symmetry, since the hearing device or the earmold OP is located in an ear canal GG, which is completed by an eardrum TF. This results in a closed space at one end of the earmold OP, while the space at the other end of the earmold OP is open.
- This asymmetry requires a geometric asymmetry of the locations of the microphones M1, M2 with respect to the loudspeaker LS.
- the amplitude and phase response of the sound from the loudspeaker LS are then the same in the acoustically symmetrical arrangement in both microphones M1 and M2.
- the microphones M1 and M2 are in FIG. 1 geometrically symmetrically drawn.
- the specific arrangement of the two microphones M1, M2 and the handset or loudspeaker LS in the tubular earmold OP makes it possible to use signal processing algorithms which avoid the occurrence of feedback despite - or precisely because of - the spatial proximity of microphone and loudspeaker.
- the cause lies in particular in the clear definition of the feedback path.
- the principle according to the invention thus consists in symmetrically arranging a plurality of microphones in an earmold piece which is open on both sides.
- a similar type of processing will now be applied to the applied by the microphones M1 and M2 obtained microphone signals. Since there are no further sound sources within the tube of the earmold OP, the sound from the loudspeaker LS can be influenced by external sound or useful sound (see double arrows in FIG FIG. 1 ). Often, the sound from the speaker can be largely removed from the overall signal being processed and amplified.
- FIG. 2 shows the directional characteristic RC of the microphone array of FIG. 1 for the center of the earmold OP, in which the loudspeaker LS is located. This results in the highest attenuation in the 90 ° or 270 ° direction in which the loudspeaker LS is located or from which the sound of the loudspeaker arrives. The useful sound, however, which arrives from the 0 ° direction is recorded almost undamped.
- This directional characteristic RC is in FIG. 1 also indicated in the middle of the earmold.
- FIG. 1 is also the entire signal processing, as is typical for a hearing aid indicated. Accordingly, the signals of the microphones M1 and M2 are subjected to a so-called microphone matching MM, in which an adaptation of the amplitude and phase response of the signals takes place.
- a downstream signal processing algorithm SA which also uses the signal of the microphone M1 for processing, generates the desired directivity. The resulting signal is supplied via a low-pass filter LP and a signal processor SP to the loudspeaker LS.
- the microphone matching unit MM adjusts the amplitude and phase responses of the microphone signals to each other or notes their differences.
- the signal processing algorithm SA can then be used to remove signals which have a running direction from the eardrum TF to the outwardly directed opening 01 of the earmold OP, from the useful signal. For this purpose, at least three microphone input signals are necessary.
- the loudspeaker LS is then supplied with the reflection-free useful signal.
- FIG. 4 again shows the directional characteristic RC of the microphone assembly of the hearing of FIG. 3 , Accordingly, not only from the direction of the loudspeaker LS, but also from the direction of reflection, high degrees of attenuation result, while the useful sound is absorbed virtually unattenuated.
- This directional characteristic is also in FIG. 3 for the middle of the earmold OP indicated.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Hörvorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Reduktion von Rückkopplungen zwischen einem Lautsprecher und mehreren Mikrofonen. Darüber hinaus betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung insbesondere ein entsprechendes Hörgerät.The present invention relates to a hearing apparatus and method for reducing feedback between a loudspeaker and a plurality of microphones. In addition, the present invention particularly relates to a corresponding hearing aid.
Grundsätzlich ist es erstrebenswert, folgende Eigenschaften eines im Ohr befindlichen Teils eines Hörgeräts gemeinsam zu realisieren:
- Offene Versorgung
- Ausnutzung der natürlichen Richtwirkung der Pinna (Ohrmuschel), d. h. Mikrofonposition im Gehörgang
- Rückkopplungsfreiheit bzw. geringe Rückkopplungsneigung des Systems.
- Open supply
- Use of the natural directivity of the pinna (ear cup), ie microphone position in the auditory canal
- Feedback freedom or low feedback tendency of the system.
Die drei oben genannten gewünschten Eigenschaften bzw. Anforderungen werden zur Zeit - jede für sich - folgendermaßen erreicht:
- Die offene Versorgung wird bei einem Hinter-dem-Ohr-Hörgerät (HdO) mit einem offenen Ohrpassstück erzielt.
- Die natürliche Richtwirkung der Pinna kann durch ein vollständig im Gehörgang befindliches CIC-Gerät erreicht werden, wobei jedoch wegen Rückkopplungsproblemen nur schwer eine Belüftung des Gehörgangs gewährleistet werden kann.
- Die Rückkopplungsfreiheit kann man durch Verwenden eines sogenannten Feedbackkompensators mit dem Prinzip der gegenphasigen Auslöschung des Rückkopplungssignals erhalten. Wegen der relativ hohen Variabilität und Komplexität des Rückkopplungspfads ist die Wirkung zur Zeit auf ca. 10 dB bis maximal 15 dB Verstärkungsgewinn begrenzt. Um dies jedoch zu erreichen, ist im Allgemeinen ein sorgfältiges Verschließen des Gehörgangs nötig.
- The open supply is achieved in a behind-the-ear hearing aid (BTE) with an open ear tip.
- The natural directivity of the Pinna can be achieved by a fully in the auditory canal CIC device, but due to feedback problems is difficult to ensure ventilation of the ear canal.
- The freedom from feedback can be obtained by using a so-called feedback compensator with the principle of out-of-phase cancellation of the feedback signal. Because of the relatively high variability and complexity of the feedback path, the effect is currently limited to about 10 dB to a maximum of 15 dB gain gain. However, to achieve this, careful closure of the ear canal is generally necessary.
Aus der Patentschrift
Aus der Druckschrift
Weiterhin ist aus der Druckschrift
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht somit darin, eine Hörvorrichtung mit geringer Rückkopplungsneigung vorzuschlagen, wobei die Richtwirkung der Pinna ausgenutzt und eine offene Versorgung gewährleistet werden soll.The object of the present invention is thus to propose a hearing device with a low tendency to feedback, wherein the directional effect of the pinna is exploited and an open supply is to be ensured.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Hörvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1.According to the invention this object is achieved by a hearing device according to claim 1.
Darüber hinaus wird erfindungsgemäß bereitgestellt ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 5.In addition, the invention provides a method according to claim 5.
In vorteilhafter Weise wird durch das Aufnehmen des Schalls an akustisch symmetrischen Orten relativ zu dem Lautsprecher erreicht, dass die an den Mikrofonen eintreffenden Schallsignale der gleichen Übertragungsfunktion unterworfen werden, so dass der vom Lautsprecher stammende Schall von dem von außen kommenden Schall unterschieden werden kann. Damit lassen sich die drei oben bereits genannten Eigenschaften gemeinsam erfüllen: Offene Versorgung, Ausnutzung der natürlichen Richtwirkung der Pinna und geringe Rückkopplungsneigung.It is advantageously achieved by recording the sound at acoustically symmetrical locations relative to the loudspeaker that the sound signals arriving at the microphones are subjected to the same transfer function, so that the sound originating from the loudspeaker can be distinguished from the sound coming from the outside. Thus, the three properties already mentioned above can be fulfilled together: open supply, utilization of the natural directivity of the Pinna and low tendency to feedback.
Vorzugsweise ist die Hörvorrichtung als Hörgerät ausgestaltet. Dies bedeutet, dass das rohrförmige Ohrpassstück beispielsweise Teil einer Otoplastik für ein HdO oder Teil eines IdO (In-dem-Ohr-Hörgerät) ist.Preferably, the hearing device is designed as a hearing aid. This means that the tubular earmold is, for example, part of an otoplastic for a BTE or part of an ITE (in-the-ear hearing device).
Entsprechend einer besonderen Ausführungsform weist die Hörvorrichtung eine Verstärkungseinrichtung auf, mit der ein Schall, der von außen in das Ohrpassstück eindringt, anders verstärkbar ist, als ein Schall, der von dem Lautsprecher stammt. Dies bedeutet, dass in der Verstärkungseinrichtung eine entsprechende Signalverarbeitungseinheit enthalten ist, die die einzelnen Schallquellen separiert, so dass eine Rückkopplung soweit wie möglich verhindert wird.According to a particular embodiment, the hearing device has an amplifying device, with which a sound which penetrates from the outside into the earmold can be amplified differently than a sound originating from the loudspeaker. This means that a corresponding signal processing unit is included in the amplification device, which separates the individual sound sources, so that feedback as far as possible is prevented.
Eine weiterentwickelte, erfindungsgemäße Hörvorrichtung weist ein drittes Mikrofon auf, so dass Schall, der von einem Trommelfell reflektiert wird, eindeutig erkannt werden kann. Dieses dritte Mikrofon ist also entsprechend in dem Gehörgang bzw. dem Ohrpassstück platziert, so dass die Mikrofone eine Richtwirkung in Richtung der Gehörgangsachse erhalten. Dadurch lässt sich errechnen, aus welcher Richtung der Schall kommt.An advanced hearing device according to the invention has a third microphone, so that sound that is reflected by an eardrum can be clearly recognized. This third microphone is accordingly placed in the ear canal or the earmold, so that the microphones receive a directivity in the direction of the auditory canal axis. As a result, it can be calculated from which direction the sound comes.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert, in denen zeigen:
- FIG 1
- eine Prinzipskizze einer erfindungsgemäßen Hörvorrichtung mit zwei Mikrofonen;
- FIG 2
- ein Richtdiagramm mit den einfallenden Schallrichtungen für die Vorrichtung von
FIG 1 ; - FIG 3
- eine Prinzipskizze einer erfindungsgemäßen Hörvorrichtung mit drei Mikrofonen zur Unterdrückung von Reflektionen; und
- FIG 4
- ein Richtdiagramm mit einfallenden Schallrichtungen zu der Vorrichtung von
FIG 3 .
- FIG. 1
- a schematic diagram of a hearing device according to the invention with two microphones;
- FIG. 2
- a directional diagram with the incident sound directions for the device of
FIG. 1 ; - FIG. 3
- a schematic diagram of a hearing device according to the invention with three microphones for the suppression of reflections; and
- FIG. 4
- a directional diagram with incident sound directions to the device of
FIG. 3 ,
Die nachfolgend näher geschilderten Ausführungsbeispiele stellen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung dar.The embodiments described in more detail below represent preferred embodiments of the present invention.
In einer ersten Ausführungsform gemäß
In
Die spezifische Anordnung der beiden Mikrofone M1, M2 und des Hörers bzw. des Lautsprechers LS in dem rohrförmigen Ohrpassstück OP ermöglicht es, Signalverarbeitungsalgorithmen einzusetzen, die das Auftreten von Rückkopplungen trotz - oder gerade wegen - der räumlichen Nähe von Mikrofon und Lautsprecher vermeiden. Die Ursache liegt insbesondere in der klaren Definiertheit des Rückkopplungspfads.The specific arrangement of the two microphones M1, M2 and the handset or loudspeaker LS in the tubular earmold OP makes it possible to use signal processing algorithms which avoid the occurrence of feedback despite - or precisely because of - the spatial proximity of microphone and loudspeaker. The cause lies in particular in the clear definition of the feedback path.
Das erfindungsgemäße Prinzip besteht also darin, in einem beidseitig offenen Ohrpassstück mehrere Mikrofone symmetrisch anzuordnen. Wie aus der Richtmikrofontechnik bekannt ist, ist es dann möglich, Schalle, die gleichzeitig an zwei Mikrofonen eintreffen, von Schallen zu trennen, die eine gewisse Verzögerung zwischen ihrem Auftreffen auf die Mikrofone aufweisen. Eine ähnliche Art der Verarbeitung wird nun auch hier auf die von den Mikrofonen M1 und M2 gewonnenen Mikrofonsignale angewandt. Da sich innerhalb der Röhre des Ohrpassstücks OP keine weiteren Schallquellen befinden, kann der Schall aus dem Lautsprecher LS von von außen einfallendem Schall bzw. Nutzschall (vgl. Doppelpfeile in
In
Wenn der Nutzschall durch das Ohrpassstück OP hindurch zum Trommelfell gelangt, wird er dort zum Teil reflektiert (vgl.
Die Mikrofon-Matching-Einheit MM passt die Amplituden- und Phasengänge der Mikrofonsignale aneinander an bzw. stellt ihre Unterschiede fest. Durch den Signalverarbeitungsalgorithmus SA können anschließend Signale, die eine Laufrichtung vom Trommelfell TF zur nach außen gerichteten Öffnung 01 des Ohrpassstücks OP aufweisen, aus dem Nutzsignal entfernt werden. Hierzu sind mindestens drei Mikrofoneingangssignale notwendig. Der Lautsprecher LS wird dann mit dem reflexionsfreien Nutzsignal versorgt.The microphone matching unit MM adjusts the amplitude and phase responses of the microphone signals to each other or notes their differences. The signal processing algorithm SA can then be used to remove signals which have a running direction from the eardrum TF to the outwardly directed
Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die in den
Claims (5)
- Hearing device comprising- a tubular ear fitting piece (OP) to be inserted into an auditory canal (GG),- a loudspeaker (LS), which is arranged in the ear fitting piece (OP),- a first and at least a second microphone (M1, M2, M3) and- a signal-processing unit (SA),
characterized in that- the first and second microphone (M1, M2) are arranged either side of the loudspeaker (LS) in the ear fitting piece (OP) when the hearing device is inserted, and the sound from the loudspeaker (LS) to the first microphone (M1) is subjected to the same transfer function as the sound from the loudspeaker (LS) to the second microphone (M2),- a microphone-matching unit (MM), which can be used to determine difference in the microphone signals from the at least two microphones, is connected to the microphones and- the signal-processing unit (SA), which is connected to the microphone-matching unit (MM), only routes to the loudspeaker (LS) in a processed fashion those components of the microphone signals that differ from one another at any given time. - Hearing device according to Claim 1, which is embodied as a hearing aid.
- Hearing device according to Claim 1 or 2, which has an amplifier that can provide different amplification to sound penetrating into the ear fitting piece from the outside than to sound that originates from the loudspeaker.
- Hearing device according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises a third microphone (M3), therein a combination of the microphone signal from the third microphone (M3) and the microphone signals from the first and second microphones brings about a damping of the sound that is reflected from an eardrum.
- Method for reducing feedback in a hearing device by- emitting sound in an auditory canal (GG) at a first location,- recording sound at least at a second and third location in the auditory canal, wherein the two locations are situated either side of the first location in the auditory canal (GG) and the sound from the first location to the second location is subjected to the same transfer function as the sound from the first location to the third location, and wherein the recorded sound contains the emitted sound and sound penetrating into the auditory canal (GG) from the outside and- only amplifying those sound components of the recorded sound that at any given time differ at the second and the third location.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005034646A DE102005034646B3 (en) | 2005-07-25 | 2005-07-25 | Hearing apparatus and method for reducing feedback |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1748678A2 EP1748678A2 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
EP1748678A3 EP1748678A3 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
EP1748678B1 true EP1748678B1 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
Family
ID=37188779
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP06117366A Not-in-force EP1748678B1 (en) | 2005-07-25 | 2006-07-18 | Hearing device and method for the reduction of feedback |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7860263B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1748678B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1905762B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005034646B3 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1748678T3 (en) |
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DE10313330B4 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2005-04-14 | Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh | Method for suppressing at least one acoustic interference signal and apparatus for carrying out the method |
JP4010968B2 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2007-11-21 | リオン株式会社 | Hearing aid with howling suppression |
DE10327890A1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-01-20 | Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh | Method for operating a hearing aid and hearing aid with a microphone system, in which different directional characteristics are adjustable |
DE10332119B3 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2004-12-09 | Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh | Hearing aid worn in ear or with otoplastic worn in ear generates second acoustic earpiece signal region of ventilation channel to inhibit acoustic signal entering closed ear canal volume from outside |
DK1665881T3 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2008-09-15 | Widex As | Method for controlling the directional determination of the sound reception characteristic of a hearing aid and a signal processing apparatus for a hearing aid with controllable directional characteristics |
-
2005
- 2005-07-25 DE DE102005034646A patent/DE102005034646B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-07-18 DK DK06117366.2T patent/DK1748678T3/en active
- 2006-07-18 EP EP06117366A patent/EP1748678B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-07-25 US US11/493,267 patent/US7860263B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-25 CN CN2006101513306A patent/CN1905762B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1905762A (en) | 2007-01-31 |
US7860263B2 (en) | 2010-12-28 |
EP1748678A2 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
US20070030990A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
DE102005034646B3 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
EP1748678A3 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
CN1905762B (en) | 2011-05-18 |
DK1748678T3 (en) | 2012-01-09 |
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