EP1747821A1 - Inspection device for empties crates and the containers in them - Google Patents

Inspection device for empties crates and the containers in them Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1747821A1
EP1747821A1 EP06012718A EP06012718A EP1747821A1 EP 1747821 A1 EP1747821 A1 EP 1747821A1 EP 06012718 A EP06012718 A EP 06012718A EP 06012718 A EP06012718 A EP 06012718A EP 1747821 A1 EP1747821 A1 EP 1747821A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inspection device
camera
conveyor
mirror
empties
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06012718A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1747821B1 (en
Inventor
Martin Dr. Weisgerber
Herbert Menke
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KHS GmbH
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KHS GmbH
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Priority to PL06012718T priority Critical patent/PL1747821T3/en
Publication of EP1747821A1 publication Critical patent/EP1747821A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
    • B07C5/12—Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B07C5/122—Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for for bottles, ampoules, jars and other glassware
    • B07C5/126—Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for for bottles, ampoules, jars and other glassware by means of photo-electric sensors, e.g. according to colour
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3422—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/06—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by returnable containers, i.e. reverse vending systems in which a user is rewarded for returning a container that serves as a token of value, e.g. bottles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inspection device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a method is the subject of claim 11.
  • Advantageous further developments are specified in the subclaims.
  • a system for image processing is to be understood as meaning that an image recorded by at least one camera 20 is processed in a computer system 21 connected or assigned to this camera by methods of image processing and / or image recognition.
  • the image processing takes place in such a way that relevant parameters such as e.g. Bottle color, bottle height, bottle diameter, box type, box color, etc. can be determined.
  • Object and purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for inspecting empties boxes, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above, and allows the complete inspection of the bottles located in empties box and / or the box with little equipment and high processing speed.
  • the present invention proposes to equip the at least one camera with an optical arrangement which directs the viewing direction of the camera on at least two sides of a bottle or of the box.
  • the generally designated 1 in the figures inspection device is used for optical inspection of empties boxes 13, wherein both the bottles contained in these empties boxes 13, and the boxes 15 themselves are to be subjected to an inspection.
  • the device 1 is for example part of a production line, and is arranged in front of an unpacker for unpacking the bottles from the empties boxes 13.
  • the inspection device 1 which is preferably designed as a linear machine, for example, is designed such that it at least partially surrounds the transport path of the empties boxes 13, wherein at least the essential optical elements are arranged above the transport plane of the empties boxes.
  • the empties boxes 13 are transported on a conveyor 14, wherein the empties boxes 13 can be transported relative to the transport direction both in the longitudinal or in the transverse direction.
  • Above the empties box 13 is a mirror assembly 16th
  • a disc may be provided between the upper edge of the empties box 13 and the mirror assembly 16, with parts of this disc having certain optical properties, e.g. Diffusion effect may have.
  • the mirror assembly 16 consists of several mirrors, for example, as in the illustrated embodiment, a total of four mirrors.
  • the mirror assembly 16 is formed in particular with respect to the formation and arrangement of their mirror symmetrical to a vertical center plane M, which is oriented perpendicular to the transport direction A and at which also the inspection position is located.
  • the mirror arrangement 16 is designed in such a way that, with its help, each bottle 2 located in the empties box 13 and moved past the inspection position with the latter is under two different image or imaging directions is detected, in each case at least over a part of its entire height, said imaging directions with the center plane M each include an angle ⁇ ⁇ 90 °. In this case, the angle ⁇ opens in the direction of the empties box 13 side facing away, as indicated by the beam 17.
  • the angle ⁇ is about 30 °.
  • the mirror assembly 16 has on both sides of the median plane M and from this querstandet two first deflecting mirror 18th These first deflecting mirrors 18 are oriented in the illustrated embodiment substantially in a horizontal orientation and extend for example over the entire width of the conveyor 14, wherein the actual mirror surface is inclined to the vertical in the direction of the empties boxes.
  • the deflecting mirrors 18 are further oriented so that a beam 17 emanating from a bottle or the box 15 itself is reflected at the respective deflecting mirror in the direction of the median plane M, in an axial direction substantially perpendicular to this median plane M.
  • the mirror assembly 16 further has two second deflection mirror 19, which are arranged for example on both sides of the median plane M.
  • the two second deflecting mirrors 19 are each oriented such that the horizontal light beams impinging on them are deflected in an approximately perpendicular direction approximately parallel to the center plane M, and thus in the direction of the at least one camera 20.
  • the mirror surfaces of the second deflection mirror 19 can, as shown, have a prismatic or triangular shape, with the second deflection mirrors 19 also preferably extending over the entire width of the conveyor 14.
  • the present invention it is provided that not only two, but at least three (part) images are generated and directed to the at least one camera 20, where these at least three (part) images are evaluated for improved inspection.
  • the at least one camera 20 is located above the mirror arrangement 16, wherein the camera 20 is preferably arranged centrally and above the second deflection mirrors 18.
  • a camera 20 further cameras in addition to the one shown in Figure 1, so that at a (recording) time at least one entire row of bottles, or the entire extension of a box 15 taken transversely to the transport direction or can be detected.
  • the at least one camera 20 may be, for example, electronically operating camera systems such as CCD cameras.
  • a lighting device 22 For advantageous illumination of the empties box 13 or its contents is initially provided below the second deflection mirror 19, a lighting device 22 to be arranged. In order to avoid disturbing reflections, it is provided that these lighting devices 22 emit as uniform a light as possible without preferential direction.
  • a diffuser disk can also be arranged below the lighting devices 22.
  • further illumination devices 32 in direct proximity to the at least one camera 20, these essentially emitting a light with a preferred direction.
  • this light is preferably directed to the empties boxes 13, but in particular also to the objects located in the median plane M.
  • the Leegutkarsten 13 are moved by the feed dog 14 under the mirror assembly 16 and the at least one camera 20 over. If the front wall of the box 15 is approximately in the middle plane M, the front wall can be picked up and analyzed. If the mouths of the first row of bottles are subsequently located in the median plane, it is possible to comprehensively grasp and depict the mouth, neck and shoulder regions of the bottles.
  • the center of the spatial distance of two rows of bottles in the median plane is located. It is thus also possible to record lower-lying, thus generally not or only poorly evaluable, area of the bottles.
  • the conclusion of the recordings is preferably the recording and analysis of the box back wall.
  • the device according to the invention Due to the extremely advantageous design of the device according to the invention, it is possible to comprehensively detect the bottles contained in the empties boxes, but also the boxes 15 themselves, with a few images, so that all required parameters can be determined at high speed. These parameters include e.g. the contour, the material of the bottles, height and / or color of the bottle, bottle cap inspection, logo or code recognition, box color, box geometry, testing for foreign objects or slugs, checking for damage.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The inspection device has an electronic camera (20) and computer-assisted system for electronic image processing. Each take of the camera contains at least two individual pictures from two different directions of the object under investigation. A mirror unit (16) in the beam path between bottle/crate(13) and lens fits between the inspection position and the camera lens and is formed solely by deflection mirrors (18,19) which deflect the light rays. independent claim describes method for operating inspection device where partial images recorded from different directions are used for image analysis.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Inspektionsvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. Ein Verfahren ist Gegenstand des Anspruches 11. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The present invention relates to an inspection device according to the preamble of claim 1. A method is the subject of claim 11. Advantageous further developments are specified in the subclaims.

In der Getränkeindustrie wird ein großer Anteil der Getränke in Mehrwegbehältern wie z.B. aus Glas bestehenden Flaschen gehandhabt und vertrieben, wobei die Flaschen in der Regel zu mehreren in Kästen zusammengefasst werden, und als Kasten mit beispielsweise 12 oder 20 Flaschen als Verkaufeinheit gehandhabt werden. Um sich von den Konkurrenzprodukten abgrenzen und unterscheiden zu können, und um somit einen besonderen Kaufanreiz zu bieten, sind in der jüngeren Vergangenheit zahlreiche Getränkehersteller dazu übergegangen, für die Abfüllung ihrer Produkte individuelle Formflaschen zu verwenden. Dieses hat zu Folge, dass die in die Getränkebetriebe rücklaufenden Leergutkisten in zunehmendem Maße mit verschiedensten Formflaschen unterschiedlichster Getränkehersteller gefüllt sind.In the beverage industry, a large proportion of the beverages in reusable containers such as e.g. handled and distributed glass bottles, the bottles are usually combined into several boxes, and handled as a box with, for example, 12 or 20 bottles as a sales unit. In order to differentiate and differentiate themselves from the competing products, and thus to offer a special incentive to buy, in the recent past many beverage producers have begun to use individual bottles for the bottling of their products. This has the consequence that the return to the beverage companies empties boxes are increasingly filled with a variety of bottles different beverage manufacturers.

Da die verschiedenen Formflaschen unterschiedlichste geometrische Abmessungen wie z.B. Höhen, Durchmesser und Profile aufweisen, ist ein automatisches Entpacken der Leergutkisten nicht mehr problemlos möglich, da die zum Auspacken verwendeten, automatischen Anlagen nur geringe Abweichungen des Flaschendurchmessers gestatten, die Flaschen bei Höhenabweichungen nicht erfassen oder aber sogar beschädigt werden. Ebenfalls ist es im Interesse des Getränkeherstellers ausschließlich die eigenen Formflaschen weiter zu verarbeiten und erneut zu befüllen. Auch erschweren im Kasten befindliche Fremdkörper oder aber auch so genannte Stülpflaschen, bei denen die Flaschenmündung nicht nach oben, sondern nach unten gerichtet ist eine automatische Weiterverarbeitung der Leergutkisten. Es besteht daher in der Praxis ein großes Interesse daran, die noch mit dem Leergut gefüllten Getränkekisten bereits vor dem Entpacken umfassend zu inspizieren, um z.B. ausschließlich solche Getränkekisten zur nachfolgenden, automatischen Entpackungsstation weiter zu leiten, bei denen einer automatischen Weiterverarbeitung nichts entgegensteht.Since the various forming bottles have very different geometrical dimensions, such as e.g. Have heights, diameters and profiles, an automatic unpacking of the empties boxes is no longer possible without problems, since the automatic equipment used for unpacking allow only small deviations of the bottle diameter, the bottles are not detected in height deviations or even damaged. It is also in the interest of the beverage manufacturer to process exclusively their own bottles and refill. Also complicate in the box located foreign body or else so-called Stülpflaschen in which the bottle mouth is not directed upwards, but down an automatic processing of empties boxes. Therefore, in practice there is a great interest in comprehensively inspecting the beverage crates still filled with empties even before unpacking, e.g. exclusively to forward such beverage crates to the subsequent automatic unpacking station, in which automatic processing does not conflict.

Leergutkästen, welche dem Anforderungsprofil nicht gerecht werden, weil sie z.B. Fremdkörper enthalten, sollen von der weiteren automatischen Verarbeitung ausgeschlossen und einer manuellen Weiterbehandlung zugeführt werden.Empties boxes, which do not meet the requirement profile because they are e.g. Foreign bodies are to be excluded from the further automatic processing and fed to a manual further treatment.

Da die große Vielfalt der Formflaschen mit ihren unterschiedlichen Konturen und/oder Abmessungen mechanische Lösungen zur Inspektion der Leergutkästen von vorneherein ausschließen, werden nachfolgend ausschließlich Vorrichtungen zur optischen Inspektion von Leergutkästen behandelt, wobei allen Vorrichtungen gemeinsam ist, dass diese über ein rechnergestütztes System zur Bildverarbeitung verfügen.Since the great variety of mold bottles with their different contours and / or dimensions rule out mechanical solutions for inspection of the empties boxes from the outset, only devices for optical inspection of empties boxes are treated below, with all devices have in common that they have a computerized system for image processing ,

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Anmeldung ist unter einem System zur Bildverarbeitung zu verstehen, dass ein, von mindestens einer Kamera 20 aufgenommenes Bild in einem dieser Kamera nachgeschalteten bzw. zugeordneten Rechnersystem 21 anhand von Methoden der Bildverarbeitung und/oder Bilderkennung verarbeitet wird. Dabei erfolgt die Bildverarbeitung derart, dass relevante Parameter wie z.B. Flaschenfarbe, Flaschenhöhe, Flaschendurchmesser, Kastenart, Kastenfarbe usw. ermittelt werden können.In the context of the present application, a system for image processing is to be understood as meaning that an image recorded by at least one camera 20 is processed in a computer system 21 connected or assigned to this camera by methods of image processing and / or image recognition. The image processing takes place in such a way that relevant parameters such as e.g. Bottle color, bottle height, bottle diameter, box type, box color, etc. can be determined.

Zur optischen Inspektion von Leergutkästen sind bereits Vorrichtungen bekannt geworden. So stellt z.B. die DE 195 09 631 A1 eine Vorrichtung vor, bei welcher eine Kamera oberhalb der Leergutkästen angeordnet ist, und entweder mittels eines Spiegels oder aber aufgrund ihrer Ausrichtung von einer Seite schräg in den Leergutkasten blickt. Nachteilig an einer derartigen Ausgestaltung ist, dass eine Flasche auf einer Aufnahme nur mangelhaft abgebildet ist, so dass zur Ermittlung der relevanten Parameter eine Vielzahl an Aufnahmen erforderlich ist, deren Auswertung sehr zeitaufwändig ist.For optical inspection of empties boxes devices have already become known. For example, the DE 195 09 631 A1 a device in which a camera is disposed above the empties boxes, and looks either by means of a mirror or due to their orientation from one side obliquely into the empties box. A disadvantage of such a configuration is that a bottle is mapped poorly on a recording, so that a large number of recordings is required to determine the relevant parameters, the evaluation of which is very time-consuming.

Ebenfalls bekannt wurde eine Vorrichtung entsprechend der AT E 47 974 B . Auch diese Schrift sieht vor, dass eine oberhalb des Leergutkastens angeordnete Kamera schräg von der Seite auf die Flaschen blickt. Entsprechend gelten die zuvor erläuterten Nachteile auch für eine derartige Vorrichtung.Also known was a device according to the AT E 47 974 B , This font also provides that a camera arranged above the empties box looks obliquely from the side onto the bottles. Accordingly, the disadvantages explained above also apply to such a device.

Allen bekannten Vorrichtungen zur Inspektion von Leergutkästen ist gemeinsam, dass die Kameras bzw. die mit diesen in Wirkverbindung stehenden optischen Systeme dergestalt sind, dass eine Flasche mit einer Aufnahme nur so unvollkommen abgebildet wird, dass die Ermittlung der relevanten Parameter ohne die Erstellung weiterer Aufnahmen nicht erfolgen kann. Einen weiteren Nachteil der bekannten Vorrichtung stellt die Tatsache dar, dass es ohne die Anordnung weiterer, in andere Richtungen blickende Kameras nicht gelingt, die, durch die Seitenwände der Kästen zumindest teilweise verdeckten Flaschen zu inspizieren.All known devices for inspecting empties boxes have in common that the cameras or the optical systems in operative connection with them are such that a bottle with a picture is displayed only imperfectly so that the determination of the relevant parameters without the creation of further pictures does not can be done. A further disadvantage of the known device is the fact that without the arrangement of further cameras looking in other directions, it is not possible to inspect the bottles which are at least partially hidden by the side walls of the boxes.

Ebenfalls ist allen bekannten Vorrichtung gemeinsam, dass auch die Kästen selbst ―und dabei insbesondere deren Innenseiten- ohne erheblichen mechanischen und finanziellen Aufwand, nicht im erforderlichen Umfang inspiziert werden können. Eine derartige Kasteninspektion ist jedoch in der Praxis ebenfalls gewünscht, um Beschädigungen, Fremdkästen und markenspezifische Kästen sicher erkennen zu können.It is also common to all known devices that the boxes themselves-and in particular their insides-can not be inspected to the required extent without considerable mechanical and financial expense. However, such a box inspection is also desired in practice to safely detect damage, foreign boxes and brand-specific boxes.

Aufgabe und Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zur Inspektion von Leergutkästen vorzustellen, welche die oben genannten Nachteile sicher vermeidet, und die vollständige Inspektion der in Leergutkasten befindlichen Flaschen und/oder des Kastens bei geringem apparativen Aufwand und hoher Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit erlaubt.Object and purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for inspecting empties boxes, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above, and allows the complete inspection of the bottles located in empties box and / or the box with little equipment and high processing speed.

Dazu schlägt die vorliegende Erfindung vor, die mindestens eine Kamera mit einer optischen Anordnung auszustatten, welche die Blickrichtung der Kamera auf mindestens zwei Seiten einer Flasche bzw. des Kastens lenkt.For this purpose, the present invention proposes to equip the at least one camera with an optical arrangement which directs the viewing direction of the camera on at least two sides of a bottle or of the box.

Im Nachfolgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.In the following, the present invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.

Im Einzelnen zeigt die

Figur 1
in einer vereinfachten 3-D-Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Inspektionsvorrichtung, die
Figur 2
in einer vereinfachten Darstellung die verbesserten Inspektionsmöglichkeiten, und die
Figur 3
beispielhaft die Anordnung von Beleuchtungselementen in unmittelbarer Nähe der mindestens einen Kamera.
In detail, the shows
FIG. 1
in a simplified 3-D representation of an inspection device according to the invention, the
FIG. 2
in a simplified presentation the improved inspection possibilities, and the
FIG. 3
by way of example the arrangement of lighting elements in the immediate vicinity of the at least one camera.

Weiterbildungen, Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen und der Zeichnung. Dabei bilden alle beschriebenen und/oder bildlich dargestellten Merkmale für sich oder in beliebiger Kombination den Gegenstand der Erfindung, unabhängig von ihrer Zusammenfassung in den Ansprüchen oder deren Rückbeziehung. Gleichzeitig wird der Inhalt der Ansprüche zu einem Bestandteil der Beschreibung gemacht. Die in den Figuren allgemein mit 1 bezeichnete Inspektionsvorrichtung dient zur optischen Inspektion von Leergutkästen 13, wobei sowohl die in diesen Leergutkästen 13 enthaltenden Flaschen, als auch die Kästen 15 selbst einer Inspektion unterzogen werden sollen. Die Vorrichtung 1 ist beispielsweise Bestandteil einer Produktions-Linie, und ist vor einem Entpacker zum Entpacken der Flaschen aus den Leergutkästen 13 angeordnet. Die Inspektionsvorrichtung 1, welche vorzugsweise als Linearmaschine ausgebildet ist, ist beispielsweise derart ausgebildet, dass sie den Transportweg der Leergutkästen 13 zumindest teilweise umschließt, wobei zumindest die wesentlichen optischen Elemente oberhalb der Transportebene der Leergutkästen angeordnet sind. Die Leergutkästen 13 werden auf einem Transporteur 14 transportiert, wobei die Leergutkästen 13 relativ zur Transportrichtung sowohl in Längs- oder aber auch in Querrichtung transportiert werden können. Oberhalb des Leergutkastens 13 befindet sich eine Spiegelanordnung 16.Further developments, advantages and applications of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and the drawings. All described and / or illustrated features alone or in any combination form the subject matter of the invention, regardless of their combination in the claims or their dependency. At the same time, the content of the claims is made part of the description. The generally designated 1 in the figures inspection device is used for optical inspection of empties boxes 13, wherein both the bottles contained in these empties boxes 13, and the boxes 15 themselves are to be subjected to an inspection. The device 1 is for example part of a production line, and is arranged in front of an unpacker for unpacking the bottles from the empties boxes 13. The inspection device 1, which is preferably designed as a linear machine, for example, is designed such that it at least partially surrounds the transport path of the empties boxes 13, wherein at least the essential optical elements are arranged above the transport plane of the empties boxes. The empties boxes 13 are transported on a conveyor 14, wherein the empties boxes 13 can be transported relative to the transport direction both in the longitudinal or in the transverse direction. Above the empties box 13 is a mirror assembly 16th

Zwischen der Oberkante des Leergutkastens 13 und der Spiegelanordnung 16 kann eine nicht dargestellte Scheibe vorgesehen sein, wobei Teilebereich dieser Scheibe bestimmte optische Eigenschaften wie z.B. Diffusionswirkung aufweisen können.A disc, not shown, may be provided between the upper edge of the empties box 13 and the mirror assembly 16, with parts of this disc having certain optical properties, e.g. Diffusion effect may have.

Die Spiegelanordnung 16, besteht aus mehreren Spiegeln, beispielsweise, wie bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform aus insgesamt vier Spiegeln. Die Spiegelanordnung 16 ist insbesondere auch bezüglich der Ausbildung und Anordnung ihrer Spiegel symmetrisch zu einer vertikalen Mittelebene M ausgebildet, die senkrecht zur Transportrichtung A orientiert ist und an der sich auch die Inspektionsposition befindet. Die Spiegelanordnung 16 ist derart ausgebildet, dass mit ihrer Hilfe jede im Leergutkasten 13 befindliche und mit diesem an der Inspektionsposition vorbeibewegte Flasche 2 unter zwei unterschiedlichen Bild- oder Abbildungsrichtungen erfasst wird, und zwar jeweils zumindest über einen Teil ihrer gesamte Höhe, wobei diese Abbildungsrichtungen mit der Mittelebene M jeweils einen Winkel α < 90° einschließen. Dabei öffnet sich der Winkel α in Richtung der, dem Leergutkasten 13 abgewandten Seite, wie dies mit dem Strahl 17 angedeutet ist. Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform beträgt der Winkel α etwa 30°. Die Spiegelanordnung 16 besitzt auf beiden Seiten der Mittelebene M und von dieser beanstandet zwei erste Umlenkspiegel 18.
Diese ersten Umlenkspiegel 18 sind bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform im Wesentlichen in horizontaler Ausrichtung orientiert und erstrecken sich beispielweise über die gesamte Breite des Transporteurs 14, wobei die eigentliche Spiegelfläche gegen die Senkrechte in Richtung der Leergutkästen geneigt ist. Die Umlenkspiegel 18 sind weiterhin so orientiert, dass ein Strahl 17, der von einer Flasche oder aber dem Kasten 15 selbst ausgeht, an dem betreffenden Umlenkspiegel in Richtung zu der Mittelebene M hin reflektiert wird, und zwar in einer Achsrichtung im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu dieser Mittelebene M. Die Spiegelanordnung 16 besitzt weiterhin zwei zweite Umlenkspiegel 19, die beispielsweise beidseitig von der Mittelebene M angeordnet sind. Die beiden zweiten Umlenkspiegel 19 sind jeweils so orientiert, dass die auf diese auftreffenden horizontale Lichtstrahlen in eine in etwa senkrechte Richtung näherungsweise parallel zur Mittelebene M, und somit in Richtung der mindestens einen Kamera 20 umgelenkt werden. Die Spiegelflächen der zweiten Umlenkspiegel 19 können, wie dargestellt eine prisma- oder dreieckförmige Gestalt aufweisen, wobei sich auch die zweiten Umlenkspiegel 19 vorzugsweise über die gesamte Breite des Transporteurs 14 erstrecken.The mirror assembly 16, consists of several mirrors, for example, as in the illustrated embodiment, a total of four mirrors. The mirror assembly 16 is formed in particular with respect to the formation and arrangement of their mirror symmetrical to a vertical center plane M, which is oriented perpendicular to the transport direction A and at which also the inspection position is located. The mirror arrangement 16 is designed in such a way that, with its help, each bottle 2 located in the empties box 13 and moved past the inspection position with the latter is under two different image or imaging directions is detected, in each case at least over a part of its entire height, said imaging directions with the center plane M each include an angle α <90 °. In this case, the angle α opens in the direction of the empties box 13 side facing away, as indicated by the beam 17. In the illustrated embodiment, the angle α is about 30 °. The mirror assembly 16 has on both sides of the median plane M and from this querstandet two first deflecting mirror 18th
These first deflecting mirrors 18 are oriented in the illustrated embodiment substantially in a horizontal orientation and extend for example over the entire width of the conveyor 14, wherein the actual mirror surface is inclined to the vertical in the direction of the empties boxes. The deflecting mirrors 18 are further oriented so that a beam 17 emanating from a bottle or the box 15 itself is reflected at the respective deflecting mirror in the direction of the median plane M, in an axial direction substantially perpendicular to this median plane M. The mirror assembly 16 further has two second deflection mirror 19, which are arranged for example on both sides of the median plane M. The two second deflecting mirrors 19 are each oriented such that the horizontal light beams impinging on them are deflected in an approximately perpendicular direction approximately parallel to the center plane M, and thus in the direction of the at least one camera 20. The mirror surfaces of the second deflection mirror 19 can, as shown, have a prismatic or triangular shape, with the second deflection mirrors 19 also preferably extending over the entire width of the conveyor 14.

Für eine weitere Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass zur verbesserten Inspektion nicht nur zwei, sondern mindestens drei (Teil)-Bilder erzeugt und zu der mindestens einen Kamera 20 geleitet werden, wo diese mindestens drei (Teil)-Bilder ausgewertet werden. Dazu ist vorgesehen, die zweiten Umlenkspiegel 19 mit Abstand von einander anzuordnen, so dass durch die mindestens eine Kamera 20 - zwischen ihnen hindurchein drittes Bild der Flaschen aufnehmbar ist.
Die mindestens eine Kamera 20 befindet sich oberhalb der Spiegelanordnung 16, wobei die Kamera 20 vorzugsweise mittig und oberhalb der zweiten Umlenkspiegeln 18 angeordnet ist. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist vorgesehen, neben der in der Figur 1 gezeigten einen Kamera 20 weitere Kameras anzuordnen, so dass zu einem (Aufnahme)zeitpunkt zumindest eine gesamte Flaschenreihe, bzw. die gesamte Erstreckung eines Kastens 15 quer zur Transportrichtung aufgenommen oder erfasst werden kann. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung ist beispielhaft in der Figur 3 dargestellt. Bei der mindestens einen Kamera 20 kann es sich z.B. um elektronisch arbeitende Kamerasysteme wie z.B. CCD-Kameras handeln. Zur vorteilhafte Beleuchtung des Leergutkastens 13 bzw. seines Inhaltes ist zunächst vorgesehen unterhalb der zweiten Umlenkspiegel 19 eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 22 anzuordnen. Zur Vermeidung störender Reflektionen ist vorgesehen, dass diese Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen 22 ein möglichst gleichmäßiges Licht ohne Vorzugsrichtung abgeben. Dazu kann unterhalb der Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen 22 auch eine Diffusorscheibe angeordnet sein.For a further embodiment of the present invention it is provided that not only two, but at least three (part) images are generated and directed to the at least one camera 20, where these at least three (part) images are evaluated for improved inspection. For this purpose, it is provided to arrange the second deflecting mirrors 19 at a distance from one another, so that a third image of the bottles can be accommodated by the at least one camera 20 - between them.
The at least one camera 20 is located above the mirror arrangement 16, wherein the camera 20 is preferably arranged centrally and above the second deflection mirrors 18. In a further embodiment of the present invention, it is provided to arrange a camera 20 further cameras in addition to the one shown in Figure 1, so that at a (recording) time at least one entire row of bottles, or the entire extension of a box 15 taken transversely to the transport direction or can be detected. Such a configuration is shown by way of example in FIG. The at least one camera 20 may be, for example, electronically operating camera systems such as CCD cameras. For advantageous illumination of the empties box 13 or its contents is initially provided below the second deflection mirror 19, a lighting device 22 to be arranged. In order to avoid disturbing reflections, it is provided that these lighting devices 22 emit as uniform a light as possible without preferential direction. For this purpose, a diffuser disk can also be arranged below the lighting devices 22.

Ebenfalls ist vorgesehen, in direkter Nähe zu der mindestens einen Kamera 20 weitere Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen 32 anzuordnen, wobei diese im Wesentlichen ein Licht mit einer Vorzugsrichtung abgeben. Dabei ist dieses Licht vorzugsweise auf die Leergutkästen 13, insbesondere aber auch auf die in der Mittelebene M befindlichen Objekte gerichtet. Wie in der Figur 2 dargestellt, werden die Leegutkästen 13 durch die Transporteur 14 unter der Spiegelanordnung 16 und der mindestens einen Kamera 20 vorbei bewegt. Befindet sich die Vorderwand des Kastens 15 in etwa in der Mittelebene M, so kann die Vorderwand aufgenommen und analysiert werden.
Befinden sich anschließend die Mündungen der ersten Flaschenreihe in der Mittelebene, so ist es möglich, Mündungs-, Hals- und Schulterbereich der Flaschen umfassend zu erfassen und abzubilden.It is also provided to arrange further illumination devices 32 in direct proximity to the at least one camera 20, these essentially emitting a light with a preferred direction. In this case, this light is preferably directed to the empties boxes 13, but in particular also to the objects located in the median plane M. As shown in Figure 2, the Leegutkästen 13 are moved by the feed dog 14 under the mirror assembly 16 and the at least one camera 20 over. If the front wall of the box 15 is approximately in the middle plane M, the front wall can be picked up and analyzed.
If the mouths of the first row of bottles are subsequently located in the median plane, it is possible to comprehensively grasp and depict the mouth, neck and shoulder regions of the bottles.

Befindet sich nach einem Weitertransport des Leergutkastens die Mitte des räumlichen Abstands zweier Flaschenreihen in der Mittelebene. so können auch tiefer liegende, uns somit in der Regel nicht oder nur schlecht auswertbare Bereich der Flaschen erfasst werden. Den Abschluss der Aufnahmen bildet vorzugsweise die Aufnahme und Analyse der Kastenrückwand.After a further transport of the empties box, the center of the spatial distance of two rows of bottles in the median plane is located. it is thus also possible to record lower-lying, thus generally not or only poorly evaluable, area of the bottles. The conclusion of the recordings is preferably the recording and analysis of the box back wall.

Es versteht sich von selbst, dass die aufgenommenen Bilder nachfolgend anhand eines Verfahrens zur elektronischen Bildverarbeitung und -analyse untersucht werden.It goes without saying that the recorded images are subsequently examined by means of a method for electronic image processing and analysis.

Durch die überaus vorteilhafte Gestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird es ermöglicht, die in den Leergutkästen enthaltenen Flaschen, aber auch die Kästen 15 selbst, mit wenigen Aufnahmen umfassend zu erfassen, so dass alle erforderlichen Parameter mit hoher Geschwindigkeit ermittelt werden können. Zu diesen Parametern zählen z.B. die Kontur, das Material der Flaschen, Höhe und/oder Farbe der Flasche, Flaschenverschlusskontrolle, Logo- oder Code-Erkennung, Kastenfarbe, Kastengeometrie, Prüfung auf Fremdkörper oder Stülpflaschen, Prüfung auf Beschädigungen.Due to the extremely advantageous design of the device according to the invention, it is possible to comprehensively detect the bottles contained in the empties boxes, but also the boxes 15 themselves, with a few images, so that all required parameters can be determined at high speed. These parameters include e.g. the contour, the material of the bottles, height and / or color of the bottle, bottle cap inspection, logo or code recognition, box color, box geometry, testing for foreign objects or slugs, checking for damage.

Aufgrund der zuvor beschriebenen Arbeitsweise können Leergutkästen, welche ein oder mehrere der oben genannten Parameter nicht wunschgemäß erfüllen, sicher von der weiteren automatischen Verarbeitung ausgeschlossen werden.Due to the procedure described above, empties boxes, which do not fulfill one or more of the above-mentioned parameters as desired, can be safely excluded from further automatic processing.

Die Erfindung wurde voranstehend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben. Es versteht sich, dass zahlreiche Änderungen sowie Abwandlungen möglich sind, ohne das dadurch der der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Erfindungsgedanke verlassen wird.
In Rahmen der vorliegenden Anmeldung wurde zur Verdeutlichung der Erfindung als Ausführungsbeispiel ein sogenannter Linearinspektor herangezogen. Die Anwendung der vorgestellten Inspektionsvorrichtung an einer als Rundläufer ausgebildeten Inspektionsmaschine führt nicht dazu, dass der Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung verlassen wird.The invention has been described above by means of an embodiment. It is understood that numerous changes and modifications are possible without thereby departing from the inventive idea underlying the invention.
In the context of the present application, a so-called linear inspector was used to illustrate the invention as an exemplary embodiment. The application of the presented inspection device on a trained as a rotary inspection machine does not lead to the frame of the present invention is abandoned.

Claims (12)

Inspektionsvorrichtung für eine optische Inspektion von Leergutkästen (13) und/oder der in ihnen enthaltenen Flaschen oder dgl. Behälter, mit mindestens einer elektronischen Kamera (20) und einem rechnergestützten System zur elektronischen Bildverarbeitung, mit einer oberhalb eines Transporteurs (14) angeordneten, im Strahlengang zwischen dem Behälter und einem Objektiv der mindestens einen Kamera (20) befindlichen Spiegelanordnung (16), mit oberhalb des Transporteurs (14) angeordneten Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen (22, 32), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Aufnahme der mindestens einen Kamera (20) wenigstens zwei Einzelbilder von dem zu untersuchenden Gegenstand aus wenigstens zwei unterschiedlichen Aufnahme- oder Bildrichtungen enthält.Inspection device for optical inspection of empties boxes (13) and / or the bottles or the like contained in them. Containers, with at least one electronic camera (20) and a computer-aided system for electronic image processing, with an above a conveyor (14) arranged in Beam path between the container and a lens of at least one camera (20) located mirror assembly (16), above the conveyor (14) arranged lighting devices (22, 32), characterized in that each recording of the at least one camera (20) at least two Contains individual images of the object to be examined from at least two different recording or image directions. Inspektionsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spiegelanordnung (16) im Strahlengang zwischen der Inspektionsposition und dem Kameraobjektiv ausschließlich von die Lichtstrahlen umlenkenden optischen Komponenten, beispielsweise von Umlenkspiegeln (18, 19) gebildet ist.Inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mirror arrangement (16) is formed in the beam path between the inspection position and the camera lens exclusively of the light beams deflecting optical components, for example of deflecting mirrors (18, 19). Inspektionsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spiegelanordnung (16) erste Umlenkspiegel (18) und zweite Umlenkspiegel (19) umfasst, welche die mindestens zwei Einzelbilder aus den unterschiedlichen Aufnahme und Bildrichtungen in eine gemeinsame Ebene umlenken, wobei beide Teilbilder von einer gemeinsamen Kamera aufgenommen werden.Inspection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mirror arrangement (16) comprises first deflecting mirrors (18) and second deflecting mirrors (19) which deflect the at least two individual images from the different recording and image directions into a common plane, both partial images of a common camera. Inspektionsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spiegelanordnung (16) symmetrisch zu einer Mittelebene (M) ausgebildet und/oder angeordnet sind, die senkrecht zur Transportrichtung der Behälter (2) und zur Oberfläche des Transporteurs orientiert ist.Inspection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mirror arrangement (16) symmetrical to a center plane (M) are formed and / or arranged, which is oriented perpendicular to the transport direction of the container (2) and to the surface of the conveyor. Inspektionsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufnahme- oder Bildrichtungen mit der Mittelebene (M) jeweils den selben Winkel (α) einschließen, beispielsweise einen Winkel von etwa 30°.Inspection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recording or image directions with the median plane (M) each include the same angle (α), for example an angle of about 30 °. Inspektionsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kamera (20) und die Spiegelanordnung (16) auf der selben Seite des Transporteurs (14) angeordnet sind.Inspection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the camera (20) and the mirror arrangement (16) are arranged on the same side of the conveyor (14). Inspektionsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Umlenkspiegel (18) und/ oder die zweiten Umlenkspiegel (19) quer zur Transportrichtung des Transporteurs (14) ausgerichtet sind.Inspection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first deflection mirror (18) and / or the second deflection mirror (19) are aligned transversely to the transport direction of the conveyor (14). Inspektionsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die ersten Umlenkspiegel (18) und/ oder die zweiten Umlenkspiegel (19) über die gesamte Breite des Transporteurs (14) erstrecken.Inspection device according to claim 7, characterized in that the first deflecting mirrors (18) and / or the second deflecting mirrors (19) extend over the entire width of the conveyor (14). Inspektionsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die ersten Umlenkspiegel (18) und/ oder die zweiten Umlenkspiegel (19) über die maximale Breite des größten zu untersuchenden Leegutkastens (13) erstrecken.Inspection device according to claim 7, characterized in that the first deflection mirror (18) and / or the second deflection mirror (19) extend beyond the maximum width of the largest to be examined Leegutkastens (13). Inspektionsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Umlenkspiegel (19) derart auf Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, dass die Kamera (20) mindestens ein drittes Teilbild aus einer dritten Blickrichtung aufnimmt.Inspection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second deflection mirrors (19) are arranged at a distance from one another such that the camera (20) receives at least a third partial image from a third viewing direction. Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Inspektionsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Bildanalyse aus verschiedenen Blickrichtungen aufgenommene Teil-Bilder herangezogen werden.Method for operating an inspection device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that used for image analysis from different viewing directions partial images are used. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Abhängigkeit der Position des Leergutkastens (13) Merkmale des Kastens (15) und/oder der Flaschen aufgenommen und analysiert werden.A method according to claim 10, characterized in that depending on the position of the empties box (13) features of the box (15) and / or the bottles are recorded and analyzed.
EP06012718A 2005-07-30 2006-06-21 Inspection device for empties crates and the containers in them Active EP1747821B1 (en)

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ATE531464T1 (en) 2011-11-15
PL1747821T3 (en) 2012-03-30
DE102005035868A1 (en) 2007-02-08
EP1747821B1 (en) 2011-11-02

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