EP1747526B1 - Verfahren zur Maskierung eines digitalen Datenelements wie etwa eines biometrischen Abdrucks und Verwendung dafür zur Sicherung eines Sicherheitsdokuments - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Maskierung eines digitalen Datenelements wie etwa eines biometrischen Abdrucks und Verwendung dafür zur Sicherung eines Sicherheitsdokuments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1747526B1
EP1747526B1 EP05749585A EP05749585A EP1747526B1 EP 1747526 B1 EP1747526 B1 EP 1747526B1 EP 05749585 A EP05749585 A EP 05749585A EP 05749585 A EP05749585 A EP 05749585A EP 1747526 B1 EP1747526 B1 EP 1747526B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
datum
security document
masked
masking
minutiae
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05749585A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1747526A2 (de
Inventor
David Naccache
Eric Brier
Jean-Sébastien CORON
Cédric CARDONNEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales DIS France SA
Original Assignee
Gemalto SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gemalto SA filed Critical Gemalto SA
Publication of EP1747526A2 publication Critical patent/EP1747526A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1747526B1 publication Critical patent/EP1747526B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
    • G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
    • G07C9/257—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition electronically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to identification systems and / or biometric authentication. These systems manipulate biometric data of all types such as, for example, fingerprints, digital fingerprints of the eye, skin, face, or even the voice.
  • biometric fingerprints are increasingly being considered to supplement user passwords or a manual signature, especially for applications requiring a high level of security.
  • a biometric imprint is a good complement to a password or a manual signature, insofar as a biometric imprint can hardly be stolen from its real owner and can not be imitated, copied .
  • it is essential to prevent direct access to this fingerprint to ensure the safety of people and the reliability of the footprint.
  • a first object of the invention is to propose a masking method using a new hash function, better adapted to hide biometric fingerprints than known hash functions.
  • the masking method according to the invention is used to secure a biometric fingerprint.
  • a second object of the invention is a use of the masking method of the invention for securing a security document such as for example a bank check.
  • p is a prime number of large size and the elements of the set of prime numbers are small.
  • the actual minutiae and the false minutiae are mixed randomly.
  • the function uses as parameters a set (q n , ..., q 1 ) of small prime numbers, for example integers of about 60 bits.
  • the function also uses a parameter p, which is a large integer, for example about 1024 bits. p is preferably chosen such that 2 * q n ⁇ 2t ⁇ p ⁇ 4 * q n ⁇ 2t, where t is a number of accepted errors.
  • the function according to the invention is not very sensitive to errors, that is to say that, knowing two data m, ⁇ masked by this function, it is possible to say whether the clear data of origin b, ⁇ corresponding are identical, with at most t errors.
  • the sum of the sizes of the sets ⁇ i and ⁇ i is at most equal to t, t being the number of bits of ⁇ different from the bits of b of the same rank, corresponding to the maximum number of accepted errors.
  • a decomposition of a and ⁇ into prime numbers finally makes it possible to factor a and ⁇ . Decomposition is facilitated by taking advantage of the fact that a and ⁇ decompose in principle into small prime numbers. If a and ⁇ decompose on the set (q n , ..., q 1 ), then we deduce that the original data b and ⁇ are identical, with at most t errors.
  • the physical biometric fingerprint that is to be masked is a fingerprint characterized by a predefined number of actual minutiae.
  • a real minutia is a detail of a footprint at a given point in the physical footprint, such as a break in a line, a fork on a line, and so on.
  • a minutia can be translated by a string of characters including information on the position and the form of the minutia.
  • a set of t false minutiae also defined by a string of characters but which do not correspond to a real minutia of the physical footprint.
  • the masked data m can then be stored in a database, on an identity card, in a memory of a smart card, etc.
  • the masked data m can be used as reference data, for example to verify the identity of a person, as follows.
  • An intended application of the masking method according to the invention is to secure a security document such as for example a bank check.
  • a biometric fingerprint of the owner of the security document is masked by a masking method as described above, to produce a reference data.
  • the reference data is stored on or in the security document, for example by printing.
  • the reference datum is associated with a barcode
  • the associated datum / barcode pair is stored in a database
  • the barcode is stored, for example by printing, on the security document.
  • the verification can be done by any person, the data of reference being stored directly on the document.
  • the verification may be done by anyone having access to the database, and who is not necessarily the person who receives the document.
  • the bar code is produced according to known techniques, for example a one-dimensional barcode consisting of a series of vertical bars of varying thickness and spacing may be used.
  • the choice of the form of the bar code is in practice a function of the number of reference data to be memorized, each reference datum corresponding to different persons.
  • the database in which the reference datum pairs / associated bar code are stored is accessible for verification only to a limited number of people, depending on the desired level of security: the access can for example be authorized for any person to receive security documents or, to a lesser extent, only to a certifying authority.
  • the security document is a bank check and the fingerprint of its owner is stored on the check in the form of a bar code.
  • a merchant has a device for reading and masking a fingerprint with means for reading a fingerprint, hide it and then print the associated masked data.
  • the bank issuing the check only has the right of access to the database in which are stored the masked reference data (corresponding to the initial masked print) and the associated bar code; this access allows him to verify that the impression left by the person who presented the check to the merchant, and that the latter has hidden and printed on the check, corresponds to that of the owner of the check.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Collating Specific Patterns (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Maskierungsverfahren einer klaren Angabe b von n Bits, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man eine maskierte Angabe m erzeugt, indem man die folgende Hash-Funktion verwendet: m = Π i = 1 n q i b i ⁢ mod p ,
    Figure imgb0012
     wobei p eine Primzahl ist, bi der Bit des Rangs i der klaren Angabe b ist, qi die Primzahl des Rangs i einer Einheit von Primzahlen (q1, ..., qn) ist.
  2. Maskierungsverfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem p eine große Primzahl ist und die Elemente der Einheit von Primzahlen klein sind.
  3. Maskierungsverfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, angewendet auf einen biometrischen Abdruck, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man eine Einheit von s echten Minutien bestimmt, die charakteristisch sind für den genannten Abdruck, dass man die echten Minutien mit t falschen Minutien vermischt und ordnet, dass man eine gemischte Angabe b von n = s + t Bits bildet, so dass für ganz i:
    bi - 1, wenn der Rang i einer echten Minutie entspricht, und
    b1 = 0, wenn der Rang i einer falschen Minutie entspricht,
    und dass man die Hash-Funktion auf diese gemischte Angabe anwendet, um eine maskierte Angabe zu erzeugen.
  4. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3, bei dem die echten Minutien und die falschen Minutien zufällig gemischt werden.
  5. Sicherungsverfahren einer Sicherheitsunterlage, beispielsweise eines Bankschecks, bei dem man, nach Erhalt einer Referenzangabe durch Maskierung eines biometrischen Abdrucks gemäß einem Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 und 4,
    . die genannte Referenzangabe auf oder in der Sicherheitsunterlage speichert, oder
    . die genannte Referenzangabe mit einem Strichcode verbindet, den man auf oder in der Sicherheitsunterlage speichert, wobei die Referenzangabe und der Strichcode ferner in einer Tabelle gespeichert werden.
  6. Prüfverfahren einer Sicherheitsunterlage, die durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 gesichert wurde, Prüfverfahren bei dem man:
    . einen physischen biometrischen Abdruck einer Person digitalisiert, die die Sicherheitsunterlage präsentiert,
    . den digitalisierten Abdruck nach einem Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 4 maskiert, um eine maskierte Angabe zu erzeugen,
    . die maskierte Angabe mit einer Referenzangabe vergleicht, und
    . die Sicherheitsunterlage akzeptiert, wenn die maskierte Angabe und die Referenzangabe bis auf eine Vorbestimmte Fehlerrate identisch sind, oder man die Unterlage ansonsten ablehnt.
  7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6, bei dem man während des Vergleichsschritts, wenn ein Strichcode, verbunden mit der Referenzangabe, auf der Sicherheitsunterlage gespeichert ist:
    . den Strichcode liest und in einer Tabelle die mit dem Strichcode verbundene Referenzangabe sucht, und
    . die Referenzangabe mit der maskieren Angabe vergleicht.
EP05749585A 2004-05-14 2005-05-11 Verfahren zur Maskierung eines digitalen Datenelements wie etwa eines biometrischen Abdrucks und Verwendung dafür zur Sicherung eines Sicherheitsdokuments Not-in-force EP1747526B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0405236A FR2870413B1 (fr) 2004-05-14 2004-05-14 Procede de chiffrement de donnes numeriques, procede de masquage d'une empreinte biometrique, et application a la securisation d'un document de securite
PCT/EP2005/052151 WO2005111915A2 (fr) 2004-05-14 2005-05-11 Procede de masquage d'une donnee numerique, telle que par exemple un empreinte biometrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1747526A2 EP1747526A2 (de) 2007-01-31
EP1747526B1 true EP1747526B1 (de) 2012-01-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05749585A Not-in-force EP1747526B1 (de) 2004-05-14 2005-05-11 Verfahren zur Maskierung eines digitalen Datenelements wie etwa eines biometrischen Abdrucks und Verwendung dafür zur Sicherung eines Sicherheitsdokuments

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7895440B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1747526B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE541267T1 (de)
DK (1) DK1747526T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2870413B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005111915A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8417960B2 (en) * 2006-09-06 2013-04-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Method for generating an encryption key using biometrics authentication and restoring the encryption key and personal authentication system
JP5287550B2 (ja) * 2009-07-01 2013-09-11 富士通株式会社 生体認証システム，生体認証方法，生体認証装置，生体情報処理装置，生体認証プログラムおよび生体情報処理プログラム
JP6375775B2 (ja) * 2014-08-19 2018-08-22 日本電気株式会社 特徴点入力支援装置、特徴点入力支援方法及びプログラム

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6185316B1 (en) * 1997-11-12 2001-02-06 Unisys Corporation Self-authentication apparatus and method
JP2000011176A (ja) * 1998-06-23 2000-01-14 Fujitsu Ltd 認証装置及び記憶媒体
US6658626B1 (en) * 1998-07-31 2003-12-02 The Regents Of The University Of California User interface for displaying document comparison information
US6697947B1 (en) * 1999-06-17 2004-02-24 International Business Machines Corporation Biometric based multi-party authentication
US7152786B2 (en) * 2002-02-12 2006-12-26 Digimarc Corporation Identification document including embedded data

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2870413A1 (fr) 2005-11-18
FR2870413B1 (fr) 2006-08-04
DK1747526T3 (da) 2012-05-14
US7895440B2 (en) 2011-02-22
WO2005111915A2 (fr) 2005-11-24
ATE541267T1 (de) 2012-01-15
EP1747526A2 (de) 2007-01-31
WO2005111915A3 (fr) 2006-08-10
US20070183636A1 (en) 2007-08-09

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