EP1747419B1 - Ceramic armour plate, armouring system, and method for producing a ceramic armour plate - Google Patents

Ceramic armour plate, armouring system, and method for producing a ceramic armour plate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1747419B1
EP1747419B1 EP05746412A EP05746412A EP1747419B1 EP 1747419 B1 EP1747419 B1 EP 1747419B1 EP 05746412 A EP05746412 A EP 05746412A EP 05746412 A EP05746412 A EP 05746412A EP 1747419 B1 EP1747419 B1 EP 1747419B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
accordance
armour plate
ceramic
recesses
crack stoppers
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EP05746412A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1747419B8 (en
EP1747419A1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Heidenreich
Martin Nedele
Rüdiger Schulte
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Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ceramic armor plate which is integrally formed and comprises a plurality of contiguous segments which are functionally separated by crack arresters, the crack arresters serving to prevent the propagation of cracks from one segment to an adjacent segment as in GB2336807 A described.
  • the invention relates to an armor system comprising at least one such armor plate.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing such a ceramic armor plate, in which in an armored plate preform crack stopper are generated and the armor plate is divided over the crack stopper into coherent functional segments.
  • a tank system is for example from the EP 0 810 415 B1 ( DE 697 07 560 T2 ) known; this comprises a plurality of ceramic tiles, which are arranged in a tile layer.
  • the ceramic tiles have the task of destroying the core of an impacting bullet due to the hardness of the ceramic.
  • a ceramic sandwich material for ballistic protection comprises layers of ceramic material of a thickness between 0.5 mm and 3.0 mm, wherein a binding material is arranged between adjacent layers. Weak areas are provided over a series of groove patterns to prevent the spread of cracks within cell areas enclosed by the grooves.
  • a component made of SiC ceramic is known, which is produced from a starting body of cellulosic material by its pyrolysis and subsequent infiltration of silicon.
  • a ceramic ballistic protective layer which has a closed surface on a side facing the bombardment.
  • the side facing away from the bombardment has a segmented surface composed of individual column-defined segments, the depth of the gaps between the segments being at least 0.15 mm smaller than the thickness of the layer.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a ceramic armor plate and an armor system, which can be produced in a simple manner.
  • the crack stopper are formed on cracks that serve as the crack stopper cracks between an upper side and a lower side of the armor plate, that cover layers are provided between which run the cracks and that the cover layers are made of a material , which has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the material between the cover layers.
  • a one-piece armor plate is provided with integral tearstoppers.
  • the production is greatly simplified because not a plurality of individual tiles must be made, which then still have to be joined, but integrally a whole plate is made, which occupies a larger area. Since no joining is necessary, the associated problems are avoided. For example, in the manufacture of ceramic plates, shrinkage in size and deformation may occur. If ceramic tiles are to be added, then this requires an elaborate production, so that a precisely fitting joint with small gap widths between the tiles can be achieved. In the ceramic armor plate according to the invention but a joint is not necessary, so that the production is less expensive.
  • the tearstoppers can be easily formed during manufacture, for example via defined cracks or via grooves introduced before the ceramization. This, in turn, makes it possible to generate the functional segments defined for the desired application.
  • the crack stopper can be arranged differently. This results in a greater number of control and adjustment options for the crack during firing and thus for the ballistic properties of the armor plate.
  • the crack stopper also results in improved protection during multiple firing.
  • Crackstops are formed over cracks.
  • Such cracks can be produced in a defined manner, for example by placing cover plates (cover layers) on a solid material preform which have a different thermal expansion coefficient than the solid material preforms. Upon subsequent ceramization, an integral composite material with crack formation is produced.
  • the cracks serving as a crack stopper run between an upper side and a lower side of the armor plate. This allows the armor plate to be subdivided into functional segments, whereby the crack propagation beyond segments can be stopped.
  • the tear stops are integrated into the armor plate.
  • the armor plate can be easily manufactured and also a tank system comprising at least one armor plate according to the invention can be produced in a simple manner.
  • the crack stops are formed in the solid material of the armor plate, so that no separate and subsequently to be joined tiles must be provided.
  • the production of the armor plate is greatly simplified, with a large surface area can be easily produced.
  • the crack stops are produced during the manufacture of the armor plate.
  • tear stops are formed by recesses and / or via recesses.
  • the recesses can be in particular before the ceramization of Panzerplatten-Vorörpers in a simple manner produce. They can be arranged in a defined manner. For example, a grid can be produced at recesses. Furthermore, the recesses can be produced with a defined depth.
  • In the produced armor plate recesses are not necessarily available anymore. For example, they are filled with a release agent prior to infiltration with carbide-forming materials (such as silicon for siliconization).
  • carbide-forming materials such as silicon for siliconization
  • the Rißstopperfunktion remains but obtained because the material of the segments (for example SiC) has a much higher speed of sound than the material of the release agent in the recesses (for example, BN, C, Si). It is also a filling with carbon-rich paste, which is not converted to SiC in the silicification, or possible with pure silicon.
  • the recesses are made in the thickness direction of the armor plate.
  • the armor plate is divided into functional segments, the segments are contiguous.
  • the recesses prevent crack propagation beyond a segment when a segment undergoes an impact, for example, by a bullet impact.
  • recesses are made at an angle between 15 ° and 45 ° relative to a thickness direction of the armor plate. This can be advantageous for certain applications.
  • the recesses are non-continuous.
  • tear stops are formed by grooves and / or grooves. Such grooves can be produced in a simple manner, for example by milling or laser machining or water jet cutting.
  • the depth of the grooves ranges between 0.05 to 0.9, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.6, of the thickness of the armor plate.
  • the depth of the grooves ranges between 0.05 to 0.9, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.6, of the thickness of the armor plate.
  • tear stops are formed by perforations and / or perforations.
  • the cracks extend at least approximately in the thickness direction of the armor plate.
  • the armor plate can be divided into segments that correspond to a tile composite with joints between the tiles, but the armor plate is integrally formed.
  • the cover layers are made of C / C-SiC.
  • C / C preforms are each fixed on the underside and the top of a porous carbon precursor and it is carried out a subsequent silicization.
  • cover layers of C-C-SiC can be formed. Due to the different material properties, a crack structure can be produced during the siliconization or during the cooling of the silicon-infiltrated body, the cracks extending between the cover layers. This in turn allows the functional segments to be generated. The size of segments can be adjusted by different layers with different thermal expansion coefficients.
  • the distance between crack stops in the range between 5 mm and 100 mm, and preferably between 30 mm and 50 mm.
  • the layers are formed integrally with each other. For example, multiple layers are combined in one piece (in situ) during ceramization (such as via infiltration of liquid silicon, ie, siliconization).
  • the armor plate is made of a silicon carbide ceramic. This has a high hardness, so that an impacting bullet is destroyed. It is also conceivable to produce the armor plate via other carbide-forming metals such as titanium or chromium.
  • tearstoppers are introduced into the ceramic material of the armor plate and in particular are embedded there. In particular, there is no connection to the surfaces.
  • the armor plate can be produced in particular from a carbon-containing preform.
  • a preform is easily editable. He is at least partially ceramizable.
  • this preform is produced by means of graphite powder and binders.
  • the armor plate according to the invention can be produced inexpensively if the ceramic material of the armor plate is made by means of a biomorphic material and in particular a cellulose-containing material. Corresponding production processes are described in German patent application no. 103 29 822.3 from 30 June 2003 or in the DE 199 47 731 A1 described. These documents are expressly referred to.
  • the armor plate according to the invention can be used advantageously in an armor system comprising at least one armor plate according to the invention.
  • a corresponding armor system has in particular a multilayer structure.
  • An example is in the EP 0 810 415 B1 described, to which reference is expressly made. Instead of a plurality of tiles, as described there, at least one armor plate according to the invention can be used.
  • a backing structural support layer
  • a backing structural support layer
  • a lightweight material such as aluminum or carbon Kevlar or aramid.
  • the invention is further based on the object to provide a method of the type mentioned for the production of a ceramic armor plate, which is carried out in a simple manner.
  • the crack arrestor for the armor plate to be produced
  • the ceramic armor plate in an armor plate preform, in which the introduction can be done easily. This results in an easy manufacturability, wherein defined functional segments can be created by a defined crack stopper generation.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantages already explained in connection with the ceramic armor plate according to the invention.
  • the crack stops are made prior to ceramization of the armor plate material. It is then possible to produce the crack stopper, for example, by machining material. In the pre-ceramification stage, the material is much less hard than after ceramization and therefore easier to process.
  • the crack stops are produced by producing recesses. These can be produced by mechanical material processing, such as cutting material processing (milling, drilling, grinding, etc.), and / or by beam processing such as laser machining or water jet machining in a simple manner in a defined arrangement and shape.
  • the recesses are filled with release agent.
  • the release agent has the task to ensure the Rißstopperfunktion for the finished armor plate (which is ceramized).
  • the release agent serves to prevent wetting with carbide-forming material during ceramization.
  • it is filled with carbon-rich paste.
  • carbon webs can be produced in a ceramic armor plate.
  • a filling can also be done with silicon.
  • Cracks are generated defined as crack stopper.
  • the cracks are generated via the connection with cover plates. These cover plates are placed on a preform before ceramization. By ceramizing, for example, by siliconizing a one-piece connection of the cover plates, whereby cracks are generated.
  • cover plates are made of C / C, that is made of carbon fiber reinforced carbon.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment of an armor plate, which is not part of the invention is in FIG. 1 shown schematically and designated there as a whole with 10.
  • the armor plate 10 is made of a silicon carbide ceramic.
  • a carbonaceous armor plate preform is made.
  • a cellulosic material is used for the production of the armor plate preform body, thereby producing a porous preform.
  • the preform is then converted by pyrolysis into an open porous carbon body.
  • grooves 12 are introduced before the ceramization.
  • a rectangular grid 14 is made on grooves 12.
  • grooves 12 or recesses are introduced before the pyrolysis in a green body. (This facilitates mechanical processing.) Shrinkage during pyrolysis reduces the gap between adjacent segments. In the case of a green body with recesses or grooves, the risk of delamination during pyrolysis is reduced since gases can escape more quickly via the recesses or grooves.
  • the grooves 12 divide the armor plate 10 into individual segments 16, wherein the segments 16 are contiguous; the armor plate 10 is integrally formed.
  • the segments 16 are functionally defined. They are limited by grooves 12.
  • the grooves 12 prevent cracks occurring in one segment (for example, in the segment 18 by impact of a projectile) from spreading to adjacent segments 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h.
  • the grooves 12 are introduced after the pyrolysis before the ceramization of the armor plates Vor stresses. This is done for example by machining material processing such as milling and / or laser machining.
  • the grooves 12 extend in a thickness direction d in the armor plate 10.
  • the armor plate 10 has a thickness D (FIG. FIG. 1 ).
  • the depth of the grooves 12 is preferably in the range between 0.1 times to 0.6 times the thickness D of the armor plate 10.
  • a typical depth of the grooves 12 is about 6 mm.
  • the segments 16, defined by the grid 14 of the grooves 12, have typical transverse dimensions (perpendicular to the thickness direction d) of between 30 mm and 50 mm.
  • the armor plate preform After introduction of the grooves 12, a siliconization of the armor plate preform takes place; By infiltrating materials comprising silicon, the armor plate preform is converted into a silicon carbide armor plate.
  • cellulose-containing powder is used as the starting component for the production of the armor plate preform.
  • a corresponding production method in which a porous preform is produced from a cellulose-containing material, the porous preform is converted into an open-porous carbon body by pyrolysis, and the open-porous carbon body is formed by infiltration of silicon-comprising materials into a silicon-comprising carbide ceramic, in particular silicon carbide ceramic is converted, wherein at least cellulose-containing powder is used as the starting component for the production of the preform) is in the not prepublished German patent application no. 103 29 822.3 of June 30, 2003, by the same Applicant.
  • components which infiltrate a Sillicium-containing material and thereby comprise substantially carbide comprising silicon, particularly silicon carbide, ceramized carbon bodies, the carbon body having a substantially homogeneous pore structure by using at least cellulose-containing powder and binder as starting ingredients This application is expressly incorporated by reference.
  • the grooves 12 may be filled with a release agent such as boron nitride prior to siliconization; Silicon does not wet the release agent. As a result, defects remain in the siliconizing, which just serve as a crack stopper.
  • a release agent such as boron nitride prior to siliconization
  • Crackstoppers are introduced into the armor plate 10.
  • These crack stopper are the grooves 12, which are introduced lattice-like. If a projectile is a segment, for example the segment 18 (for illustrative purposes in FIG FIG. 1 hatched), then the grooves 12 surrounding the segment 18 prevent the propagation of cracks in the adjacent segments 20a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h.
  • the armor plate 10 can be made integral and the tearstoppers are integrally formed in the armor plate 10. For example, it is also possible to produce the armor plate 10 with corresponding curvatures.
  • FIG. 1 In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 are inserted through the grooves 12 non-continuous recesses in an armor plate preform. It is also possible to use a second exemplary embodiment 22 (FIG. FIG. 2 ) showed that prior to ceramization in an armored plate preform through recesses 24 are introduced in the form of perforations. These perforations also serve as tear stops to prevent the propagation of cracks from one segment 26 to adjacent segments.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view through the armor plate according to FIG. 1 shown.
  • a surface 30 from which the grooves 12 are introduced is preferably opposite an outer side 28 of the armor plate 10. In one application, the outside 28 preferably faces outward.
  • an armor plate as in FIG. 4 shown schematically and designated there as a whole with 32, is constructed in several layers, for example with a first layer 34a, a second layer 34b and a third layer 34c.
  • the layers 34a, 34b, 34c are integrally connected to each other, so that the armor plate 32 is integrally formed.
  • the layers 34a, 34b, 34c are produced, for example, via separate pyrolyzed preforms, the corresponding layers then being joined together in one piece via the siliconization.
  • grooves 36 are introduced as crack stopper before the ceramization (siliconization).
  • the introduction takes place in principle as described above with reference to the first embodiment.
  • functional segments 38a, 38b, 38c are generated in each layer.
  • the segments in each layer are just functionally separated by the grooves 36 as Rißstopper.
  • a typical depth of the grooves 36 is about 3 mm.
  • the segments 38b of the layer 34b overlap the segments 38c and 38a of the layers 34a and 34c, respectively.
  • grooves 42 and 44 are introduced from opposite surfaces 46, 48 ago.
  • the grooves 42, 44 are non-continuous and staggered with respect to a direction transverse to the thickness direction d.
  • This also makes functional segments in the Armor plate 40 is formed, wherein the grooves 42, 44 as a tear stopper prevent the propagation of cracks beyond a segment, when the corresponding segment is hit, for example, by a projectile.
  • an armor plate which in FIG. 6 is shown and designated there as a whole by 50, a multilayer structure with a first layer 52a, a second layer 52b and a third layer 52c is provided.
  • the layers are, for example, silicon carbide layers, which are integrally connected to one another via siliconization.
  • the middle layer 52b has cracks 54 which have been produced in a defined manner. The. Cracks extend at least approximately parallel to a thickness direction of the armor plate 50.
  • the cracks 54 serve as a crack stopper.
  • the armor plate 50 is divided into functional segments 56, wherein the respective segments are limited by cracks.
  • the cracks 54 as a kind of predetermined breaking points, prevent the propagation of cracks beyond a segment 56, if, for example, cracks occur in the segment 56 due to the impact of a projectile.
  • the cracks can also be at an angle of 15 ° to 45 ° or perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the armor plate 50 is added in multiple layers with the cracks 54 as internal defects in situ, that is, the armor plate 50 is integrally formed.
  • FIG. 7 shown by another embodiment of an armor plate 58 that cracks 60 as crack stopper, for example in a silicon carbide ceramic material 62 are formed, wherein the solid material 62 between cover layers 64, 66 made of C / C-SiC.
  • the cover layers 64, 66 are produced via cover layer preforms, for example made of C / C, which are connected to the solid material preform for the siliconization.
  • cover layer preforms for example made of C / C, which are connected to the solid material preform for the siliconization.
  • a typical thickness of the cover layers 64, 66 is about 1 mm.
  • armored plates are provided which can be produced in a simple manner.
  • technical woods can be used for the production.
  • ceramization crack stopper are produced in the armor plate preform, thereby dividing the armor plate into functional segments. Due to the functional segments, it is possible to achieve a spatial limitation of the damage zone during the impact, for example by impact of a projectile on the armor plate.
  • the armor plate itself is made integral with the Rißstoppern; It can thereby produce relatively large plates and obstruct.
  • the plates can also be made with bends to better conform to an application.
  • the crack stops can be produced in a simple manner before the ceramization in the armor plate preform, for example by machining material and / or laser machining.
  • the functional segments can be produced with defined dimensions. The corresponding distances are selected, for example, so that the so-called three-hit condition is met.
  • the armor plates of the invention can be integrated into an armor system, as in the FIG. 8 shown schematically and designated there as a whole by 68.
  • Such an armor system is in the DE 697 07 560 T2 ( EP 0 810 415 B1 ).
  • This document is expressly incorporated by reference.
  • At least one ceramic armor plate 72 according to the invention sits on a structural support layer 70 (backing).
  • the structural support layer 70 may be made of aluminum, for example, or of composite materials such as carbon Kevlar.
  • the (at least one) armor plate 72 is glued to the structural support layer 70, for example via an adhesive layer 74.
  • the fragmentation layer 76 serves to minimize fragmentation of the structural support layer 70.
  • the armor plate 72 may be covered by a plurality of cover layers 78, 80, 82. Upwards, the armor system 68 is bounded by a steel plate 84. Regarding the construction is on the EP 0 810 415 B1 directed. It can be the same structure as described there use, instead of a plurality of tiles, the at least one armor plate according to the invention is used.

Abstract

A ceramic armor plate is proposed which is formed in one piece and which comprises a plurality of connected segments that are functionally separated by crack stoppers, whereby the crack stoppers serve to prevent the propagation of cracks from one segment to a neighboring segment.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine keramische Panzerplatte, welche einstückig ausgebildet ist und eine Mehrzahl von zusammenhängenden Segmenten umfasst, welche durch Rissstopper funktionell getrennt sind, wobei die Rissstopper der Verhinderung der Ausbreitung von Rissen von einem Segment auf ein benachbartes Segment dienen, wie in GB2336807 A beschrieben.The invention relates to a ceramic armor plate which is integrally formed and comprises a plurality of contiguous segments which are functionally separated by crack arresters, the crack arresters serving to prevent the propagation of cracks from one segment to an adjacent segment as in GB2336807 A described.

Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Panzerungssystem umfassend mindestens eine solche Panzerplatte.Furthermore, the invention relates to an armor system comprising at least one such armor plate.

Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen keramischen Panzerplatte, bei dem in einem Panzerplatten-Vorkörper Rissstopper erzeugt werden und die Panzerplatte über die Rissstopper in zusammenhängende funktionelle Segmente unterteilt wird.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a ceramic armor plate, in which in an armored plate preform crack stopper are generated and the armor plate is divided over the crack stopper into coherent functional segments.

Ein Panzersystem ist beispielsweise aus der EP 0 810 415 B1 ( DE 697 07 560 T2 ) bekannt; dieses umfasst eine Mehrzahl von keramischen Fliesen, die in einer Fliesenschicht angeordnet sind. Die keramischen Fliesen haben die Aufgabe, aufgrund der Härte der Keramik den Kern eines auftreffenden Geschosses zu zerstören.A tank system is for example from the EP 0 810 415 B1 ( DE 697 07 560 T2 ) known; this comprises a plurality of ceramic tiles, which are arranged in a tile layer. The ceramic tiles have the task of destroying the core of an impacting bullet due to the hardness of the ceramic.

Aus der GB 2 336 807 A ist ein keramisches Sandwichmaterial für den ballistischen Schutz bekannt. Dieses Material umfasst Lagen an Keramikmaterial einer Dicke zwischen 0,5 mm und 3,0 mm, wobei zwischen benachbarten Lagen ein Bindematerial angeordnet ist. Es werden Schwachbereiche bereitgestellt über eine Serie von Nutenmustern, um das Ausbreiten von Rissen innerhalb von Zellgebieten, welche durch die Nuten umschlossen werden, zu verhindern.From the GB 2 336 807 A a ceramic sandwich material for ballistic protection is known. This material comprises layers of ceramic material of a thickness between 0.5 mm and 3.0 mm, wherein a binding material is arranged between adjacent layers. Weak areas are provided over a series of groove patterns to prevent the spread of cracks within cell areas enclosed by the grooves.

Aus der DE 199 47 731 A1 ist ein Bauteil aus SiC-Keramik bekannt, das aus einem Ausgangskörper aus zellulosehaltigem Material durch dessen Pyrolyse und nachfolgender Infiltration von Silicium hergestellt ist.From the DE 199 47 731 A1 For example, a component made of SiC ceramic is known, which is produced from a starting body of cellulosic material by its pyrolysis and subsequent infiltration of silicon.

Aus der GB 2 377 006 A ist ein ballistisches Schutzschild bekannt.From the GB 2 377 006 A is a ballistic shield known.

Aus der EP 1 536 199 A1 ist eine keramische ballistische Schutzschicht bekannt, welche eine geschlossene Oberfläche an einer dem Beschuss zugewandten Seite aufweist. Die dem Beschuss abgewandte Seite weist eine segmentierte Oberfläche auf, die aus einzelnen, von Spalten begrenzten Segmenten zusammengesetzt ist, wobei die Tiefe der Spalten zwischen den Segmenten mindestens um 0,15 mm kleiner ist als die Dicke der Schicht.From the EP 1 536 199 A1 For example, a ceramic ballistic protective layer is known which has a closed surface on a side facing the bombardment. The side facing away from the bombardment has a segmented surface composed of individual column-defined segments, the depth of the gaps between the segments being at least 0.15 mm smaller than the thickness of the layer.

Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine keramische Panzerplatte und ein Panzerungssystem bereitzustellen, welche auf einfache Weise herstellbar sind.Based on this, the present invention seeks to provide a ceramic armor plate and an armor system, which can be produced in a simple manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Rissstopper über Risse gebildet sind, dass als die Rissstopper dienenden Risse zwischen einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite der Panzerplatte verlaufen, dass Decklagen vorgesehen sind, zwischen welchen die Risse verlaufen und dass die Decklagen aus einem Material hergestellt sind, welches einen niedrigeren Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten als das Material zwischen den Decklagen aufweist.This object is achieved in that the crack stopper are formed on cracks that serve as the crack stopper cracks between an upper side and a lower side of the armor plate, that cover layers are provided between which run the cracks and that the cover layers are made of a material , which has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the material between the cover layers.

Erfindungsgemäß wird eine einstückige Panzerplatte mit integral hergestellten Rißstoppern bereitgestellt. Dadurch ist die Herstellung stark vereinfacht, da nicht eine Mehrzahl von einzelnen Fliesen hergestellt werden muß, die dann noch gefügt werden müssen, sondern integral eine ganze Platte hergestellt wird, welche einen größeren Flächenbereich einnimmt. Da keine Fügung notwendig ist, sind auch die damit verbundenen Probleme vermieden. Beispielsweise kann bei der Herstellung von Keramikplatten ein Größenschwund und eine Verformung auftreten. Wenn Keramikfliesen zu fügen sind, dann erfordert dies eine aufwendige Herstellung, damit eine paßgenaue Fügung mit geringen Spaltbreiten zwischen den Fliesen erreicht werden kann. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Panzerplatte ist aber eine Fügung nicht notwendig, so daß die Herstellung weniger aufwendig ist.According to the invention, a one-piece armor plate is provided with integral tearstoppers. As a result, the production is greatly simplified because not a plurality of individual tiles must be made, which then still have to be joined, but integrally a whole plate is made, which occupies a larger area. Since no joining is necessary, the associated problems are avoided. For example, in the manufacture of ceramic plates, shrinkage in size and deformation may occur. If ceramic tiles are to be added, then this requires an elaborate production, so that a precisely fitting joint with small gap widths between the tiles can be achieved. In the ceramic armor plate according to the invention but a joint is not necessary, so that the production is less expensive.

Die Rißstopper lassen sich auf einfache Weise während der Herstellung ausbilden, beispielsweise über definiert erzeugte Risse oder über vor der Keramisierung eingebrachte Nuten. Dadurch wiederum ist es möglich, die funktionellen Segmente definiert für die gewünschte Anwendung zu erzeugen.The tearstoppers can be easily formed during manufacture, for example via defined cracks or via grooves introduced before the ceramization. This, in turn, makes it possible to generate the functional segments defined for the desired application.

Es ist auch möglich, eine keramische Panzerplatte für bestimmte Anwendungen mit einer definierten Krümmung herzustellen. Wenn einzelne Fliesen gefügt werden, dann ist die Krümmung erheblich schwieriger herzustellen, da Fliesen im Fliesenverbund unterschiedliche Krümmungen aufweisen können.It is also possible to produce a ceramic armor plate for certain applications with a defined curvature. If individual tiles are joined, then the curvature is considerably more difficult to produce, since tiles in the tile composite can have different curvatures.

Im Vergleich zu einem Fliesenverbund ergeben sich durch die Integration von Rißstoppern in die Panzerplatte eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten zur Ausbildung der Panzerplatte. Diese läßt sich beispielsweise mehrlagig ausbilden, wobei in unterschiedlichen Lagen die Rissstopper unterschiedlich angeordnet sein können. Dadurch ergibt sich eine größere Anzahl an Steuerungs- und Einstellmöglichkeiten für den Rissverlauf beim Beschuss und damit für die ballistischen Eigenschaften der Panzerplatte.Compared to a tile composite result from the integration of Rißstoppern in the armor plate a variety of ways to form the armor plate. This can be formed, for example, multi-layer, in different layers, the crack stopper can be arranged differently. This results in a greater number of control and adjustment options for the crack during firing and thus for the ballistic properties of the armor plate.

Durch die Rissstopper ergibt sich auch ein verbesserter Schutz bei Mehrfachbeschuss.The crack stopper also results in improved protection during multiple firing.

Es lassen sich auch unterschiedliche Segmentgeometrien wie beispielsweise Rechtecke, Sechsecke, gekrümmte Segmente usw. realisieren.It is also possible to realize different segment geometries, such as rectangles, hexagons, curved segments, etc.

Rissstopper sind über Risse gebildet. Solche Risse lassen sich definiert herstellen, indem beispielsweise Deckplatten (Decklagen) auf einen Vollmaterial-Vorkörper aufgesetzt werden, welche einen unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweisen als der Vollmaterial-Vorkörper. Bei anschließender Keramisierung wird ein integraler Werkstoffverbund mit Rissbildung erzeugt.Crackstops are formed over cracks. Such cracks can be produced in a defined manner, for example by placing cover plates (cover layers) on a solid material preform which have a different thermal expansion coefficient than the solid material preforms. Upon subsequent ceramization, an integral composite material with crack formation is produced.

Die als Rissstopper dienenden Risse verlaufen zwischen einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite der Panzerplatte. Dadurch lässt sich die Panzerplatte in funktionelle Segmente unterteilen, wobei die Rissausbreitung über Segmente hinaus stopbar ist.The cracks serving as a crack stopper run between an upper side and a lower side of the armor plate. This allows the armor plate to be subdivided into functional segments, whereby the crack propagation beyond segments can be stopped.

Es sind Decklagen vorgesehen, zwischen welchen die Risse verlaufen. Dadurch wird die Panzerplatte zu ihrer Oberseite und Unterseite hin durch eine rissfreie Decklage abgedeckt. Über die Decklagen wiederum ist es möglich, während der Herstellung der Panzerplatte definiert Risse zu erzeugen.Cover layers are provided between which the cracks run. As a result, the armor plate is covered to its top and bottom through a crack-free top layer. In turn, over the topsheets, it is possible to create defined cracks during the manufacture of the armor plate.

Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Rissstopper in die Panzerplatte integriert sind. Dadurch lässt sich die Panzerplatte einfach herstellen und auch ein Panzersystem, welches mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße Panzerplatte umfasst, lässt sich auf einfache Weise herstellen.It is particularly advantageous if the tear stops are integrated into the armor plate. As a result, the armor plate can be easily manufactured and also a tank system comprising at least one armor plate according to the invention can be produced in a simple manner.

Insbesondere sind die Rissstopper in dem Vollmaterial der Panzerplatte gebildet, so dass keine getrennten und nachträglich zu fügenden Fliesen vorgesehen werden müssen. Dadurch ist die Herstellung der Panzerplatte stark vereinfacht, wobei sich ein großer Flächenbereich auf einfache Weise herstellen lässt.In particular, the crack stops are formed in the solid material of the armor plate, so that no separate and subsequently to be joined tiles must be provided. As a result, the production of the armor plate is greatly simplified, with a large surface area can be easily produced.

Insbesondere werden die Rissstopper bei der Herstellung der Panzerplatte erzeugt.In particular, the crack stops are produced during the manufacture of the armor plate.

Bei einer Ausführungsform sind Rissstopper durch Ausnehmungen und/oder über Ausnehmungen gebildet. Die Ausnehmungen lassen sich insbesondere vor der Keramisierung eines Panzerplatten-Vorkörpers auf einfache Weise herstellen. Sie lassen sich definiert anordnen. Beispielsweise kann ein Gitter an Ausnehmungen erzeugt werden. Weiterhin lassen sich die Ausnehmungen mit definierter Tiefe herstellen. Bei der hergestellten Panzerplatte sind die Ausnehmungen nicht unbedingt mehr vorhanden. Beispielsweise werden diese vor Infiltrierung mit carbidbildenden Stoffen (wie Silicium für die Silicierung) mit einem Trennmittel gefüllt. Die Rißstopperfunktion bleibt dabei aber erhalten, da der Werkstoff der Segmente (beispielsweise SiC) eine deutlich höhere Schallgeschwindigkeit aufweist als der Werkstoff des Trennmittels in den Ausnehmungen (beispielsweise BN, C, Si). Es ist auch eine Befüllung mit kohlenstoffreicher Paste, die bei der Silicierung nicht zu SiC konvertiert wird, oder mit reinem Silicium möglich.In one embodiment, tear stops are formed by recesses and / or via recesses. The recesses can be in particular before the ceramization of Panzerplatten-Vorörpers in a simple manner produce. They can be arranged in a defined manner. For example, a grid can be produced at recesses. Furthermore, the recesses can be produced with a defined depth. In the produced armor plate recesses are not necessarily available anymore. For example, they are filled with a release agent prior to infiltration with carbide-forming materials (such as silicon for siliconization). The Rißstopperfunktion remains but obtained because the material of the segments (for example SiC) has a much higher speed of sound than the material of the release agent in the recesses (for example, BN, C, Si). It is also a filling with carbon-rich paste, which is not converted to SiC in the silicification, or possible with pure silicon.

Insbesondere sind die Ausnehmungen in der Dickenrichtung der Panzerplatte hergestellt. Dadurch wird die Panzerplatte in funktionelle Segmente unterteilt, wobei die Segmente zusammenhängend sind. Die Ausnehmungen verhindern eine Rißausbreitung über ein Segment hinaus, wenn ein Segment einen Impact beispielsweise durch Geschoßaufschlag erfährt.In particular, the recesses are made in the thickness direction of the armor plate. As a result, the armor plate is divided into functional segments, the segments are contiguous. The recesses prevent crack propagation beyond a segment when a segment undergoes an impact, for example, by a bullet impact.

Es ist auch möglich, daß Ausnehmungen in einem Winkel zwischen 15° und 45° bezogen auf eine Dickenrichtung der Panzerplatte hergestellt sind. Dies kann für bestimmte Anwendungen vorteilhaft sein.It is also possible that recesses are made at an angle between 15 ° and 45 ° relative to a thickness direction of the armor plate. This can be advantageous for certain applications.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Ausnehmungen nichtdurchgehend sind. Beispielsweise werden Rißstopper durch Nuten und/oder über Nuten gebildet. Solche Nuten lassen sich auf einfache Weise herstellen, beispielsweise durch Fräsung oder Laserbearbeitung oder Wasserstrahlschneiden.It may be provided that the recesses are non-continuous. For example, tear stops are formed by grooves and / or grooves. Such grooves can be produced in a simple manner, for example by milling or laser machining or water jet cutting.

Vorzugsweise liegt die Tiefe der Nuten im Bereich zwischen 0,05 bis 0,9 und vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 und 0,6 der Dicke der Panzerplatte. Dadurch lässt sich zum einen eine Risstopwirkung erzielen und zum anderen eine einstückige Panzerplatte ausbilden.Preferably, the depth of the grooves ranges between 0.05 to 0.9, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.6, of the thickness of the armor plate. As a result, on the one hand can achieve a Risstopwirkung and on the other form a one-piece armor plate.

Es ist auch möglich, dass in der Dickenrichtung durchgehende Ausnehmungen vorgesehen sind. Beispielsweise werden dazu Rissstopper durch Perforationen und/oder über Perforationen gebildet.It is also possible that continuous recesses are provided in the thickness direction. For example, tear stops are formed by perforations and / or perforations.

Günstig ist es, wenn die Risse zumindest näherungsweise in der Dickenrichtung der Panzerplatte verlaufen. Dadurch lässt sich die Panzerplatte in Segmente unterteilen, die einem Fliesenverbund mit Fugen zwischen den Fliesen entsprechen, wobei jedoch die Panzerplatte einstückig ausgebildet ist.It is favorable if the cracks extend at least approximately in the thickness direction of the armor plate. As a result, the armor plate can be divided into segments that correspond to a tile composite with joints between the tiles, but the armor plate is integrally formed.

Beispielsweise werden die Decklagen aus C/C-SiC hergestellt. Dazu werden beispielsweise C/C-Vorkörper jeweils auf der Unterseite und der Oberseite eines porösen C-Vorkörpers fixiert und es wird eine anschließende Silicierung durchgeführt. Dadurch lassen sich Decklagen aus C-C-SiC bilden. Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Materialeigenschaften lässt sich während der Silicierung bzw. bei der Abkühlung des mit Silicium infiltrierten Körpers eine Rissstruktur erzeugen, wobei die Risse zwischen den Decklagen verlaufen. Dadurch wiederum lassen sich die funktionellen Segmente erzeugen. Die Größe von Segmenten kann durch unterschiedliche Lagen mit unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten eingestellt werden.For example, the cover layers are made of C / C-SiC. For this purpose, for example, C / C preforms are each fixed on the underside and the top of a porous carbon precursor and it is carried out a subsequent silicization. As a result, cover layers of C-C-SiC can be formed. Due to the different material properties, a crack structure can be produced during the siliconization or during the cooling of the silicon-infiltrated body, the cracks extending between the cover layers. This in turn allows the functional segments to be generated. The size of segments can be adjusted by different layers with different thermal expansion coefficients.

Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, als Rissstopper Fehlstellen wie beispielsweise Risse vorzusehen.In principle, it is possible to provide defects such as cracks as a crack stopper.

Es hat sich als günstig erwiesen, wenn der Abstand zwischen Rissstoppern im Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 100 mm liegt und vorzugsweise zwischen 30 mm und 50 mm liegt.It has proved to be advantageous if the distance between crack stops in the range between 5 mm and 100 mm, and preferably between 30 mm and 50 mm.

Es kann günstig sein, einen mehrlagigen Aufbau vorzusehen. Die Lagen sind dabei einstückig aneinander gebildet. Beispielsweise werden mehrere Lagen bei der Keramisierung (wie beispielsweise über die Infiltration von flüssigem Silicium, d.h. Silicierung) einstückig (in situ) zusammengefügt.It may be convenient to provide a multi-layered structure. The layers are formed integrally with each other. For example, multiple layers are combined in one piece (in situ) during ceramization (such as via infiltration of liquid silicon, ie, siliconization).

Beispielsweise ist die Panzerplatte aus einer Siliciumcarbid-Keramik hergestellt. Diese weist eine hohe Härte auf, so daß ein auftreffendes Geschoß zerstört wird. Es ist auch denkbar, die Panzerplatte über andere carbidbildende Metalle wie Titan oder Chrom herzustellen.For example, the armor plate is made of a silicon carbide ceramic. This has a high hardness, so that an impacting bullet is destroyed. It is also conceivable to produce the armor plate via other carbide-forming metals such as titanium or chromium.

Es ist günstig, wenn die Rißstopper in das Keramikmaterial der Panzerplatte eingebracht sind und insbesondere dort eingebettet sind. Insbesondere besteht keine Verbindung zu den Oberflächen.It is favorable if the tearstoppers are introduced into the ceramic material of the armor plate and in particular are embedded there. In particular, there is no connection to the surfaces.

Die Panzerplatte läßt sich insbesondere aus einem kohlenstoffhaltigen Vorkörper herstellen. Ein solcher Vorkörper ist auf einfache Weise bearbeitbar. Er ist zumindest teilweise keramisierbar. Beispielsweise wird dieser Vorkörper mittels Graphitpulver und Bindemitteln hergestellt.The armor plate can be produced in particular from a carbon-containing preform. Such a preform is easily editable. He is at least partially ceramizable. For example, this preform is produced by means of graphite powder and binders.

Die erfindungsgemäße Panzerplatte läßt sich kostengünstig herstellen, wenn der keramische Werkstoff der Panzerplatte mittels eines biomorphen Materials und insbesondere eines Cellulose enthaltenden Materials hergestellt ist. Entsprechende Herstellungsverfahren sind in der nicht vorveröffentlichten deutschen Anmeldung Nr. 103 29 822.3 vom 30. Juni 2003 oder in der DE 199 47 731 A1 beschrieben. Auf diese Dokumente wird ausdrücklich Bezug genommen.The armor plate according to the invention can be produced inexpensively if the ceramic material of the armor plate is made by means of a biomorphic material and in particular a cellulose-containing material. Corresponding production processes are described in German patent application no. 103 29 822.3 from 30 June 2003 or in the DE 199 47 731 A1 described. These documents are expressly referred to.

Die erfindungsgemäße Panzerplatte läßt sich vorteilhaft in einem Panzerungssystem einsetzen, welches mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße Panzerplatte umfaßt.The armor plate according to the invention can be used advantageously in an armor system comprising at least one armor plate according to the invention.

Ein entsprechendes Panzerungssystem weist insbesondere einen mehrlagigen Aufbau auf. Ein Beispiel ist in der EP 0 810 415 B1 beschrieben, auf die ausdrücklich Bezug genommen wird. Anstatt einer Mehrzahl von Fliesen, wie dort beschrieben, lässt sich mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße Panzerplatte verwenden.A corresponding armor system has in particular a multilayer structure. An example is in the EP 0 810 415 B1 described, to which reference is expressly made. Instead of a plurality of tiles, as described there, at least one armor plate according to the invention can be used.

Insbesondere sitzt dann die mindestens eine Panzerplatte auf einem Backing (Strukturträgerschicht), die vorzugsweise aus einem Leichtbaumaterial wie Aluminium oder Kohle-Kevlar oder Aramid hergestellt ist.In particular, then sits the at least one armor plate on a backing (structural support layer), which is preferably made of a lightweight material such as aluminum or carbon Kevlar or aramid.

Der Erfindung liegt ferner die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zur Herstellung einer keramischen Panzerplatte bereitzustellen, welches auf einfache Weise durchführbar ist.The invention is further based on the object to provide a method of the type mentioned for the production of a ceramic armor plate, which is carried out in a simple manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 23 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 23.

Erfindungsgemäß werden während der Herstellung der keramischen Panzerplatte die Rissstopper (für die herzustellende Panzerplatte) eingebracht, und zwar in einem Panzerplatten-Vorkörper, in dem die Einbringung unkompliziert erfolgen kann. Dadurch ergibt sich eine leichte Herstellbarkeit, wobei durch eine definierte Rissstoppererzeugung definierte funktionelle Segmente erstellbar sind.According to the crack arrestor (for the armor plate to be produced) are introduced during the manufacture of the ceramic armor plate, in an armor plate preform, in which the introduction can be done easily. This results in an easy manufacturability, wherein defined functional segments can be created by a defined crack stopper generation.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist die bereits im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Panzerplatte erläuterten Vorteile auf.The method according to the invention has the advantages already explained in connection with the ceramic armor plate according to the invention.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wurden ebenfalls bereits im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Panzerplatte erläutert.Further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention have also already been explained in connection with the ceramic armor plate according to the invention.

Eine Einbringung von Rißstoppern nach der Keramisierung ist grundsätzlich möglich.An introduction of Rißstoppern after ceramization is possible in principle.

Insbesondere werden die Rißstopper vor der Keramisierung des Panzerplatten-Werkstoffes hergestellt. Es ist dann möglich, die Rißstopper beispielsweise durch spanabhebende Materialbearbeitung herzustellen. In dem Stadium vor der Keramisierung ist das Material weitaus weniger hart als nach der Keramisierung und daher leichter verarbeitbar.In particular, the crack stops are made prior to ceramization of the armor plate material. It is then possible to produce the crack stopper, for example, by machining material. In the pre-ceramification stage, the material is much less hard than after ceramization and therefore easier to process.

Beispielsweise werden die Rißstopper durch Herstellung von Ausnehmungen erzeugt. Diese lassen sich durch mechanische Materialbearbeitung, wie spanabhebende Materialbearbeitung (Fräsen, Bohren, Schleifen usw.), und/oder durch Strahlbearbeitung wie Laserbearbeitung oder Wasserstrahlbearbeitung auf einfache Weise in definierter Anordnung und Form herstellen.For example, the crack stops are produced by producing recesses. These can be produced by mechanical material processing, such as cutting material processing (milling, drilling, grinding, etc.), and / or by beam processing such as laser machining or water jet machining in a simple manner in a defined arrangement and shape.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Ausnehmungen mit Trennmittel gefüllt werden. Das Trennmittel hat die Aufgabe, die Rißstopperfunktion für die fertige Panzerplatte (welche keramisiert ist) sicherzustellen. Insbesondere dient das Trennmittel dazu, eine Benetzung mit carbidbildendem Material während der Keramisierung zu verhindern. Beispielsweise erfolgt eine Befüllung mit kohlenstoffreicher Paste. Dadurch lassen sich Kohlenstoffstege in einer keramischen Panzerplatte herstellen. Eine Befüllung kann auch mit Silicium erfolgen.It can be provided that the recesses are filled with release agent. The release agent has the task to ensure the Rißstopperfunktion for the finished armor plate (which is ceramized). In particular, the release agent serves to prevent wetting with carbide-forming material during ceramization. For example, it is filled with carbon-rich paste. As a result, carbon webs can be produced in a ceramic armor plate. A filling can also be done with silicon.

Risse werden als Rissstopper definiert erzeugt.Cracks are generated defined as crack stopper.

Die Risse werden über die Verbindung mit Deckplatten erzeugt. Diese Deckplatten werden vor der Keramisierung auf einen Vorkörper aufgelegt. Durch die Keramisierung beispielsweise durch Silicierung erfolgt eine einstückige Verbindung der Deckplatten, wobei Risse erzeugbar sind.The cracks are generated via the connection with cover plates. These cover plates are placed on a preform before ceramization. By ceramizing, for example, by siliconizing a one-piece connection of the cover plates, whereby cracks are generated.

Insbesondere werden die Deckplatten aus C/C hergestellt, das heißt aus kohlefaserverstärktem Kohlenstoff hergestellt.In particular, the cover plates are made of C / C, that is made of carbon fiber reinforced carbon.

Es ist auch günstig, einen mehrlagigen Aufbau vorzusehen, wobei die Lagen bei der Keramisierung in situ zur Bildung einer einstückigen Panzerplatte verbunden werden. Dadurch lassen sich die Eigenschaften der keramischen Panzerplatte definiert steuern bzw. einstellen. Beispielsweise lassen sich in individuelle Lagen jeweils Rissstopperstrukturen einbringen. Dadurch lässt sich ein beim Beschuss entstehender Bruchhagel steuern, um den ballistischen Schutz zu erhöhen.It is also convenient to provide a multi-layered structure wherein the layers are bonded in situ to form a one-piece armor plate during ceramization. This allows the properties of the ceramic armor plate defined control or adjust. For example, crack-breaker structures can be introduced into individual layers. As a result, a hailstorm of fire can be controlled to increase ballistic protection.

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen dient im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung der näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer keramischen Panzerplatte, welches nicht Teil der Erfindung ist ;
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels, welches Teil der Erfindung ist ;
Figur 3
eine Schnittansicht der Panzerplatte gemäß Figur 1;
Figur 4
eine Schnittansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels, welches nicht Teil der Erfindung ist ;
Figur 5
eine Schnittansicht eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels, welches nicht Teil der Erfindung ist ;
Figur 6
eine Schnittansicht eines fünften Ausführungsbeispiels, welches nicht Teil der Erfindung ist ;
Figur 7
eine Schnittansicht eines sechsten Ausführungsbeispiels und
Figur 8
eine perspektivische Teilschnittansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Panzerungssystems, welches eine erfindungsgemäße keramische Panzerplatte umfaßt.
The following description of preferred embodiments is used in conjunction with the drawings for a more detailed explanation of the invention. Show it:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a ceramic armor plate, which is not part of the invention;
FIG. 2
a schematic representation of a second embodiment, which is part of the invention;
FIG. 3
a sectional view of the armor plate according to FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 4
a sectional view of a third embodiment, which is not part of the invention;
FIG. 5
a sectional view of a fourth embodiment, which is not part of the invention;
FIG. 6
a sectional view of a fifth embodiment, which is not part of the invention;
FIG. 7
a sectional view of a sixth embodiment and
FIG. 8
a partial perspective sectional view of an embodiment of an armor system comprising a ceramic armor plate according to the invention.

Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Panzerplatte, welches nicht Teil der Erfindung ist ist in Figur 1 schematisch gezeigt und dort als Ganzes mit 10 bezeichnet. Die Panzerplatte 10 ist aus einer Siliciumcarbid-Keramik hergestellt.A first embodiment of an armor plate, which is not part of the invention is in FIG. 1 shown schematically and designated there as a whole with 10. The armor plate 10 is made of a silicon carbide ceramic.

Dazu wird ein kohlenstoffhaltiger Panzerplatten-Vorkörper hergestellt. Beispielsweise wird zur Herstellung des Panzerplatten-Vorkörpers ein cellulosehaltiger Werkstoff verwendet und dadurch ein poröser Vorkörper hergestellt. Der Vorkörper wird mittels Pyrolyse dann in einen offen porösen Kohlenstoffkörper umgewandelt. In diesen Vorkörper werden vor der Keramisierung Nuten 12 eingebracht. Beispielsweise wird ein rechteckförmiges Gitter 14 an Nuten 12 hergestellt. Durch die Nuten 12 sind Rißstopper gebildet, welche die Ausbreitung von Rissen verhindern.For this purpose, a carbonaceous armor plate preform is made. For example, a cellulosic material is used for the production of the armor plate preform body, thereby producing a porous preform. The preform is then converted by pyrolysis into an open porous carbon body. In this precursor grooves 12 are introduced before the ceramization. For example, a rectangular grid 14 is made on grooves 12. By the grooves 12 crack stops are formed, which prevent the propagation of cracks.

Es ist auch möglich, daß die Nuten 12 bzw. Ausnehmungen vor der Pyrolyse in einen Grünkörper eingebracht werden. (Dadurch ist die mechanische Bearbeitung erleichtert.) Durch Schrumpfung während der Pyrolyse wird der Spalt zwischen benachbarten Segmenten verkleinert. Bei einem Grünkörper mit Ausnehmungen bzw. Nuten ist die Delaminationsgefahr bei der Pyrolyse verringert, da Gase über die Ausnehmungen bzw. Nuten schneller entweichen können.It is also possible that the grooves 12 or recesses are introduced before the pyrolysis in a green body. (This facilitates mechanical processing.) Shrinkage during pyrolysis reduces the gap between adjacent segments. In the case of a green body with recesses or grooves, the risk of delamination during pyrolysis is reduced since gases can escape more quickly via the recesses or grooves.

Die Nuten 12 unterteilen die Panzerplatte 10 in einzelne Segmente 16, wobei die Segmente 16 zusammenhängend sind; die Panzerplatte 10 ist einstückig ausgebildet. Die Segmente 16 sind funktionell definiert. Sie sind durch Nuten 12 begrenzt. Die Nuten 12 verhindern, daß Risse, welche in einem Segment (beispielsweise in dem Segment 18 durch Aufprall eines Geschosses) entstehen, sich auf benachbarte Segmente 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h ausbreiten können.The grooves 12 divide the armor plate 10 into individual segments 16, wherein the segments 16 are contiguous; the armor plate 10 is integrally formed. The segments 16 are functionally defined. They are limited by grooves 12. The grooves 12 prevent cracks occurring in one segment (for example, in the segment 18 by impact of a projectile) from spreading to adjacent segments 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h.

Die Nuten 12 werden nach der Pyrolyse vor der Keramisierung des Panzerplatten-Vorkörpers eingebracht. Dies erfolgt beispielsweise durch spanabhebende Materialbearbeitung wie Fräsen und/oder durch Laserbearbeitung.The grooves 12 are introduced after the pyrolysis before the ceramization of the armor plates Vorkörpers. This is done for example by machining material processing such as milling and / or laser machining.

Die Nuten 12 erstrecken sich in einer Dickenrichtung d in der Panzerplatte 10. Die Panzerplatte 10 hat eine Dicke D (Figur 1). Die Tiefe der Nuten 12 liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen dem 0,1-fachen bis 0,6-fachen der Dicke D der Panzerplatte 10. Eine typische Tiefe der Nuten 12 liegt bei ca. 6 mm.The grooves 12 extend in a thickness direction d in the armor plate 10. The armor plate 10 has a thickness D (FIG. FIG. 1 ). The depth of the grooves 12 is preferably in the range between 0.1 times to 0.6 times the thickness D of the armor plate 10. A typical depth of the grooves 12 is about 6 mm.

Die Segmente 16, definiert durch das Gitter 14 der Nuten 12, weisen typische Querabmessungen (senkrecht zur Dickenrichtung d) zwischen 30 mm und 50 mm auf.The segments 16, defined by the grid 14 of the grooves 12, have typical transverse dimensions (perpendicular to the thickness direction d) of between 30 mm and 50 mm.

Nach Einbringen der Nuten 12 erfolgt eine Silicierung des Panzerplatten-Vorkörpers; über Infiltration von Silicium umfassenden Materialien wird der Panzerplatten-Vorkörper in eine Siliciumcarbid-Panzerplatte umgewandelt.After introduction of the grooves 12, a siliconization of the armor plate preform takes place; By infiltrating materials comprising silicon, the armor plate preform is converted into a silicon carbide armor plate.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß zur Herstellung des Panzerplatten-Vorkörpers als Ausgangsbestandteil cellulosehaltiges Pulver verwendet wird. Ein entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren (bei welchem aus einem cellulosehaltigen Werkstoff ein poröser Vorkörper hergestellt wird, der poröse Vorkörper mittels Pyrolyse in einen offenporösen Kohlenstoffkörper umgewandelt wird und der offenporöse Kohlenstoffkörper durch Infiltration von.Silicium umfassenden Materialien in eine Silicium umfassende Carbid-Keramik, insbesondere Siliciumcarbid-Keramik, umgewandelt wird, wobei zur Herstellung des Vorkörpers als Ausgangsbestandteil mindestens cellullosehaltiges Pulver verwendet wird) ist in der nicht vorveröffentlichten deutschen Patentanmeldung Nr. 103 29 822.3 vom 30. Juni 2003 des gleichen Anmelders offenbart. In dieser Anmeldung sind auch Bauteile offenbart, welche einen mit Sillicium umfassende Materialien infiltrierten und dadurch im wesentlichen zu Silicium umfassenden Carbid, insbesondere Siliciumcarbid, keramisierten Kohlenstoffkörper umfassen, wobei der Kohlenstoffkörper eine durch Verwendung von mindestens cellulosehaltigem Pulver und Bindemittel als Ausgangsbestandteile im wesentlichen homogene Porenstruktur aufweist. Auf diese Anmeldung wird ausdrücklich Bezug genommen.It can be provided that cellulose-containing powder is used as the starting component for the production of the armor plate preform. A corresponding production method (in which a porous preform is produced from a cellulose-containing material, the porous preform is converted into an open-porous carbon body by pyrolysis, and the open-porous carbon body is formed by infiltration of silicon-comprising materials into a silicon-comprising carbide ceramic, in particular silicon carbide ceramic is converted, wherein at least cellulose-containing powder is used as the starting component for the production of the preform) is in the not prepublished German patent application no. 103 29 822.3 of June 30, 2003, by the same Applicant. Also disclosed in this application are components which infiltrate a Sillicium-containing material and thereby comprise substantially carbide comprising silicon, particularly silicon carbide, ceramized carbon bodies, the carbon body having a substantially homogeneous pore structure by using at least cellulose-containing powder and binder as starting ingredients , This application is expressly incorporated by reference.

Die Nuten 12 können vor der Silicierung mit einem Trennmittel wie Bornitrid befüllt werden; Silicium benetzt das Trennmittel nicht. Dadurch verbleiben beim Silicieren Fehlstellen, welche eben als Rißstopper dienen.The grooves 12 may be filled with a release agent such as boron nitride prior to siliconization; Silicon does not wet the release agent. As a result, defects remain in the siliconizing, which just serve as a crack stopper.

Rißstopper sind in die Panzerplatte 10 eingebracht. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 sind diese Rißstopper die Nuten 12, welche gitterförmig eingebracht sind. Wenn ein Geschoß ein Segment, beispielsweise das Segment 18 (zur Veranschaulichung in Figur 1 schraffiert) trifft, dann verhindern die das Segment 18 umgebenden Nuten 12 eine Ausbreitung von Rissen in die benachbarten Segmente 20a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h.Crackstoppers are introduced into the armor plate 10. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 These crack stopper are the grooves 12, which are introduced lattice-like. If a projectile is a segment, for example the segment 18 (for illustrative purposes in FIG FIG. 1 hatched), then the grooves 12 surrounding the segment 18 prevent the propagation of cracks in the adjacent segments 20a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h.

Die Panzerplatte 10 läßt sich integral herstellen und die Rißstopper sind integral in der Panzerplatte 10 gebildet. Beispielsweise ist es auch möglich, die Panzerplatte 10 mit entsprechenden Krümmungen herzustellen.The armor plate 10 can be made integral and the tearstoppers are integrally formed in the armor plate 10. For example, it is also possible to produce the armor plate 10 with corresponding curvatures.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 sind durch die Nuten 12 nichtdurchgehende Ausnehmungen in einen Panzerplatten-Vorkörper eingebracht. Es ist auch möglich, wie anhand eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels 22 (Figur 2) gezeigt, daß vor der Keramisierung in einem Panzerplatten-Vorkörper durchgehende Ausnehmungen 24 in der Form von Perforationen eingebracht sind. Diese Perforationen dienen ebenfalls als Rißstopper, um die Ausbreitung von Rissen von einem Segment 26 auf benachbarte Segmente zu verhindern.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 are inserted through the grooves 12 non-continuous recesses in an armor plate preform. It is also possible to use a second exemplary embodiment 22 (FIG. FIG. 2 ) showed that prior to ceramization in an armored plate preform through recesses 24 are introduced in the form of perforations. These perforations also serve as tear stops to prevent the propagation of cracks from one segment 26 to adjacent segments.

In Figur 3 ist schematisch eine Schnittansicht durch die Panzerplatte gemäß Figur 1 gezeigt. Man erkennt die oberflächlich eingebrachten Nuten 12 als Rißstopper. Eine Oberfläche 30, von welcher die Nuten 12 her eingebracht sind, liegt vorzugsweise einer Außenseite 28 der Panzerplatte 10 gegenüber. Bei einer Anwendung weist die Außenseite 28 vorzugsweise nach außen.In FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view through the armor plate according to FIG. 1 shown. One recognizes the superficially introduced grooves 12 as crack stopper. A surface 30 from which the grooves 12 are introduced is preferably opposite an outer side 28 of the armor plate 10. In one application, the outside 28 preferably faces outward.

Es ist auch möglich, daß eine Panzerplatte, wie in Figur 4 schematisch gezeigt und dort als Ganzes mit 32 bezeichnet, mehrlagig aufgebaut ist, beispielsweise mit einer ersten Lage 34a, einer zweiten Lage 34b und einer dritten Lage 34c. Die Lagen 34a, 34b, 34c sind integral miteinander verbunden, so daß die Panzerplatte 32 einstückig ausgebildet ist. Die Lagen 34a, 34b, 34c werden beispielsweise über getrennte pyrolysierte Vorkörper hergestellt, wobei die entsprechenden Lagen dann über die Silicierung miteinander einstückig verbunden werden.It is also possible that an armor plate, as in FIG. 4 shown schematically and designated there as a whole with 32, is constructed in several layers, for example with a first layer 34a, a second layer 34b and a third layer 34c. The layers 34a, 34b, 34c are integrally connected to each other, so that the armor plate 32 is integrally formed. The layers 34a, 34b, 34c are produced, for example, via separate pyrolyzed preforms, the corresponding layers then being joined together in one piece via the siliconization.

In den Lagen 34a, 34b, 34c werden vor der Keramisierung (Silicierung) Nuten 36 als Rißstopper eingebracht. Die Einbringung erfolgt grundsätzlich so wie oben anhand des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben. Dadurch werden in jeder Lage funktionelle Segmente 38a, 38b, 38c erzeugt. Die Segmente in jeder Lage sind dabei eben durch die Nuten 36 als Rißstopper funktionell getrennt.In the layers 34a, 34b, 34c grooves 36 are introduced as crack stopper before the ceramization (siliconization). The introduction takes place in principle as described above with reference to the first embodiment. As a result, functional segments 38a, 38b, 38c are generated in each layer. The segments in each layer are just functionally separated by the grooves 36 as Rißstopper.

Eine typische Tiefe der Nuten 36 liegt bei ca. 3 mm.A typical depth of the grooves 36 is about 3 mm.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß sich die Segmente benachbarter Lagen überdecken. Beispielsweise überdecken die Segmente 38b der Lage 34b jeweils die Segmente 38c und 38a der Lagen 34a und 34c.It can be provided that overlap the segments of adjacent layers. For example, the segments 38b of the layer 34b overlap the segments 38c and 38a of the layers 34a and 34c, respectively.

Bei einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel einer Panzerplatte, welche in Figur 5 schematisch gezeigt und dort mit 40 bezeichnet ist, sind Nuten 42 und 44 von gegenüberliegenden Oberflächen 46, 48 her eingebracht. Die Nuten 42, 44 sind nichtdurchgehend und bezogen auf eine Richtung quer zur Dickenrichtung d versetzt zueinander. Auch dadurch werden funktionelle Segmente in der Panzerplatte 40 gebildet, wobei die Nuten 42, 44 als Rißstopper die Ausbreitung von Rissen über ein Segment hinaus verhindern, wenn das entsprechende Segment beispielsweise von einem Geschoß getroffen wird.In a further embodiment of an armor plate, which in FIG. 5 shown schematically and designated 40, grooves 42 and 44 are introduced from opposite surfaces 46, 48 ago. The grooves 42, 44 are non-continuous and staggered with respect to a direction transverse to the thickness direction d. This also makes functional segments in the Armor plate 40 is formed, wherein the grooves 42, 44 as a tear stopper prevent the propagation of cracks beyond a segment, when the corresponding segment is hit, for example, by a projectile.

Bei einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel einer Panzerplatte, welche in Figur 6 gezeigt und dort als Ganzes mit 50 bezeichnet ist, ist ein mehrlagiger Aufbau mit einer ersten Lage 52a, einer zweiten Lage 52b und einer dritten Lage 52c vorgesehen. Bei den Lagen handelt es sich beispielsweise um Siliciumcarbid-Lagen, welche über Silicierung integral miteinander verbunden sind. Es kann dabei vorgesehen sein, daß die mittlere Lage 52b Risse 54 aufweist, welche definiert hergestellt wurden. Die. Risse verlaufen zumindest näherungs-weise parallel zu einer Dickenrichtung der Panzerplatte 50. Die Risse 54 dienen als Rißstopper. Über sie wird die Panzerplatte 50 in funktionelle Segmente 56 unterteilt, wobei die entsprechenden Segmente durch Risse begrenzt sind. Die Risse 54 verhindern als eine Art von Sollbruchstellen die Ausbreitung von Rissen über ein Segment 56 hinaus, wenn beispielsweise durch Aufprall eines Geschosses in dem Segment 56 Risse entstehen.In a further embodiment of an armor plate, which in FIG. 6 is shown and designated there as a whole by 50, a multilayer structure with a first layer 52a, a second layer 52b and a third layer 52c is provided. The layers are, for example, silicon carbide layers, which are integrally connected to one another via siliconization. It may be provided that the middle layer 52b has cracks 54 which have been produced in a defined manner. The. Cracks extend at least approximately parallel to a thickness direction of the armor plate 50. The cracks 54 serve as a crack stopper. About them, the armor plate 50 is divided into functional segments 56, wherein the respective segments are limited by cracks. The cracks 54, as a kind of predetermined breaking points, prevent the propagation of cracks beyond a segment 56, if, for example, cracks occur in the segment 56 due to the impact of a projectile.

Die Risse können auch in einem Winkel von 15° bis 45° verlaufen oder senkrecht zur Dickenrichtung.The cracks can also be at an angle of 15 ° to 45 ° or perpendicular to the thickness direction.

Die Panzerplatte 50 ist mehrlagig mit den Rissen 54 als innenliegende Fehlstellen in situ gefügt, das heißt die Panzerplatte 50 ist einstückig ausgebildet.The armor plate 50 is added in multiple layers with the cracks 54 as internal defects in situ, that is, the armor plate 50 is integrally formed.

Es ist auch möglich, wie in Figur 7 anhand eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer Panzerplatte 58 gezeigt, daß Risse 60 als Rißstopper beispielsweise in einem Siliciumcarbid-Keramikvollmaterial 62 gebildet sind, wobei das Vollmaterial 62 zwischen Decklagen 64, 66 aus C/C-SiC liegt. Die Decklagen 64, 66 werden über Decklagen-Vorkörper beispielsweise aus C/C hergestellt, welche für die Silicierung mit dem Vollmaterial-Vorkörper verbunden werden. Durch den Siliciervorgang können dadurch definiert Risse zwischen den Decklagen 64, 66 in dem Siliciumcarbid-Keramikvollmaterial 62 gebildet sein, und zwar insbesondere bei der Abkühlung.It is also possible, as in FIG. 7 shown by another embodiment of an armor plate 58 that cracks 60 as crack stopper, for example in a silicon carbide ceramic material 62 are formed, wherein the solid material 62 between cover layers 64, 66 made of C / C-SiC. The cover layers 64, 66 are produced via cover layer preforms, for example made of C / C, which are connected to the solid material preform for the siliconization. As a result of the siliconizing process, cracks between the cover layers 64, 66 may be defined in the silicon carbide ceramic material 62, in particular during the cooling process.

Eine typische Dicke der Decklagen 64, 66 liegt bei ca. 1 mm.A typical thickness of the cover layers 64, 66 is about 1 mm.

Erfindungsgemäß werden Panzerplatten bereitgestellt, welche sich auf einfache Weise herstellen lassen. Beispielsweise lassen sich technische Hölzer zur Herstellung einsetzen. Vor oder nach der Pyrolyse und vor der Keramisierung werden im Panzerplatten-Vorkörper Rißstopper hergestellt und dadurch die Panzerplatte in funktionelle Segmente unterteilt. Durch die funktionellen Segmente läßt sich eine räumliche Begrenzung der Schadenszone beim Impact, beispielsweise durch Auftreffen eines Geschosses, auf die Panzerplatte erreichen.According to the invention armored plates are provided which can be produced in a simple manner. For example, technical woods can be used for the production. Before or after pyrolysis and before ceramization crack stopper are produced in the armor plate preform, thereby dividing the armor plate into functional segments. Due to the functional segments, it is possible to achieve a spatial limitation of the damage zone during the impact, for example by impact of a projectile on the armor plate.

Die Panzerplatte selber wird mit den Rißstoppern integral hergestellt; es lassen sich dadurch relativ große Platten herstellen und verbauen. Die Platten können auch mit Krümmungen hergestellt werden, um so eine bessere Anpassung an eine Anwendung zu erreichen.The armor plate itself is made integral with the Rißstoppern; It can thereby produce relatively large plates and obstruct. The plates can also be made with bends to better conform to an application.

Die Rißstopper lassen sich auf einfache Weise vor der Keramisierung in dem Panzerplatten-Vorkörper herstellen, beispielsweise durch spanabhebende Materialbearbeitung und/oder Laserbearbeitung. Die funktionellen Segmente lassen sich dadurch mit definierten Abmessungen herstellen. Die entsprechenden Abstände werden beispielsweise so gewählt, daß die sogenannte Drei-Treffer-Bedingung erfüllt wird.The crack stops can be produced in a simple manner before the ceramization in the armor plate preform, for example by machining material and / or laser machining. The functional segments can be produced with defined dimensions. The corresponding distances are selected, for example, so that the so-called three-hit condition is met.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Panzerplatten lassen sich in ein Panzerungssystem integrieren, wie es in der Figur 8 schematisch gezeigt und dort als Ganzes mit 68 bezeichnet ist. Ein solches Panzerungssystem ist in der DE 697 07 560 T2 ( EP 0 810 415 B1 ) beschrieben. Auf dieses Dokument wird ausdrücklich Bezug genommen. Auf einer Strukturträgerschicht 70 (Backing) sitzt mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße keramische Panzerplatte 72. Die Strukturträgerschicht 70 kann beispielsweise aus Aluminium hergestellt sein oder aus Verbundwerkstoffen wie Kohle-Kevlar.The armor plates of the invention can be integrated into an armor system, as in the FIG. 8 shown schematically and designated there as a whole by 68. Such an armor system is in the DE 697 07 560 T2 ( EP 0 810 415 B1 ). This document is expressly incorporated by reference. At least one ceramic armor plate 72 according to the invention sits on a structural support layer 70 (backing). The structural support layer 70 may be made of aluminum, for example, or of composite materials such as carbon Kevlar.

Die (mindestens eine) Panzerplatte 72 ist beispielsweise über eine Klebstoffschicht 74 mit der Strukturträgerschicht 70 verklebt.The (at least one) armor plate 72 is glued to the structural support layer 70, for example via an adhesive layer 74.

Es kann auch noch eine Zertrümmerungsschicht 76 vorgesehen sein, auf welcher die Strukturträgerschicht 70 angeordnet ist. Die Zertrümmerungsschicht 76 dient dazu, die Zertrümmerung der Strukturträgerschicht 70 zu minimieren.It is also possible to provide a fragmentation layer 76 on which the structure carrier layer 70 is arranged. The fragmentation layer 76 serves to minimize fragmentation of the structural support layer 70.

Die Panzerplatte 72 kann durch mehrere Abdeckschichten 78, 80, 82 abgedeckt sein. Nach oben ist das Panzerungssystem 68 durch ein Stahlplatte 84 begrenzt. Bezüglich des Aufbaus wird auf die EP 0 810 415 B1 verwiesen. Es läßt sich der gleiche Aufbau wie dort beschrieben verwenden, wobei anstatt einer Mehrzahl von Fliesen die mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße Panzerplatte eingesetzt wird.The armor plate 72 may be covered by a plurality of cover layers 78, 80, 82. Upwards, the armor system 68 is bounded by a steel plate 84. Regarding the construction is on the EP 0 810 415 B1 directed. It can be the same structure as described there use, instead of a plurality of tiles, the at least one armor plate according to the invention is used.

Claims (31)

  1. A ceramic armour plate which is formed in one-piece and comprises a plurality of connected segments (16) that are functionally separated by crack stoppers (12; 24; 60), wherein the crack stoppers (12; 24; 60) serve to prevent the propagation of cracks from one segment (16) to a neighbouring segment,
    characterized in that the crack stoppers are formed from cracks (60), in that the cracks (60) serving as crack stoppers run between an upper surface and a lower surface of the armour plate, in that there are provided covering layers (64; 66) between which the cracks (60) extend, and in that the covering layers are made of a material which has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the material between the covering layers.
  2. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the crack stoppers (12; 24; 42; 44; 54; 60) are integrated into the armour plate.
  3. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crack stoppers (12; 24; 60) are formed in the solid material of the armour plate.
  4. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the crack stoppers (12; 24; 60) are produced when manufacturing the armour plate.
  5. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the crack stoppers are formed by recesses (12; 24) and/or from recesses (12; 24).
  6. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with Claim 5, characterized in that the recesses (12; 24) are produced in the thickness direction (d) of the armour plate.
  7. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the recesses are produced at an angle of between 15° and 45° with respect to a thickness direction (d) of the armour plate.
  8. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that non-through recesses (12) are provided.
  9. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the crack stoppers are formed by grooves (12) and/or from grooves (12).
  10. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with Claim 9, characterized in that the depth of the grooves (12) lies in a range of between 0.05 to 0.9 of the thickness (D) of the armour plate.
  11. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the Claims 5 to 10, characterized in that through recesses (24) are provided.
  12. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the Claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the crack stoppers are formed by perforations (24) and/or from perforations (24).
  13. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the cracks (60) run at least approximately in the thickness direction (d) of the armour plate.
  14. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the covering layers (64; 66) are made of C/C - SiC.
  15. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the crack stoppers are in the form of defects.
  16. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the spacing between the crack stoppers (12; 24; 60) lies in a range of between 5 mm and 100 mm.
  17. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized by a multi-layer structure.
  18. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims, which is of a carbide ceramic material.
  19. A ceramic armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims, characterized by production from a silicon carbide ceramic.
  20. An armour system, comprising at least one armour plate in accordance with any of the preceding Claims.
  21. An armour system in accordance with Claim 20, characterized by a multi-layer structure.
  22. An armour system in accordance with Claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the at least one armour plate (72) is arranged on a backing (70).
  23. A method of manufacturing a ceramic armour plate in accordance with Claim 1, in which crack stoppers are produced in an armour plate preform and the armour plate is subdivided into connected functional segments by the crack stoppers, characterized in that the crack stoppers are produced in the form of cracks, and these cracks are produced by the process of connection to covering layers.
  24. A method in accordance with Claim 23, characterized in that the crack stoppers are produced before the armour plate material is subjected to the ceramicization process.
  25. A method in accordance with Claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the crack stoppers are formed by the production of recesses.
  26. A method in accordance with Claim 25, characterized in that the recesses are produced by a mechanical material-working process.
  27. A method in accordance with Claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the recesses are produced by beam processing.
  28. A method in accordance with any of the Claims 23 to 27, characterized in that the recesses are filled with a parting agent.
  29. A method in accordance with any of the Claims 23 to 28, characterized in that the covering layers are made of C/C.
  30. A method in accordance with any of the Claims 23 to 29, characterized in that the armour plate preform is a carbon-containing preform.
  31. A method in accordance with any of the Claims 23 to 30, characterized in that there is provided a multi-layer structure, wherein the layers are connected for the purposes of forming a one-piece armour plate during the ceramicizing process.
EP05746412A 2004-05-19 2005-05-12 Ceramic armour plate, armouring system, and method for producing a ceramic armour plate Not-in-force EP1747419B8 (en)

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DE102004026515A DE102004026515A1 (en) 2004-05-19 2004-05-19 Ceramic armor plate, tank system and method of making a ceramic armor plate
PCT/EP2005/005172 WO2005114089A1 (en) 2004-05-19 2005-05-12 Ceramic armour plate, armouring system, and method for producing a ceramic armour plate

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1747419B8 (en) 2010-09-15
ZA200609276B (en) 2007-09-26
ATE476636T1 (en) 2010-08-15
US20070125223A1 (en) 2007-06-07
WO2005114089A1 (en) 2005-12-01
IL179146A0 (en) 2007-03-08
IL179146A (en) 2012-10-31
EP1747419A1 (en) 2007-01-31
DE502005010042D1 (en) 2010-09-16
DE102004026515A1 (en) 2005-12-15

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