EP1746010A2 - Autonomous tracing and management of freight cars using satellite location and sensors - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves using a satellite positioning device (1) firmly mounted at a wagon. Movement tracing and disposition of the wagon are carried out by a control centre, which consists of a communication and application server and a data bank. The entire route of the wagon from the departure location to the destination is specified by a reference transportation plan stored in a data bank. The time/path information in form of geocordinates, time point of measurement and the sensor-configuration are provided to the device. An independent claim is also included for a device for autonomous movement tracing and disposition of wagon by a satellite positioning device fixed at the wagon.

Description

The invention relates to a method for autonomous tracking and disposition of freight cars using satellite positioning and sensors. This method is particularly used in railways where goods wagons that transport goods across national borders travel.

Based on the realization that a logistics company for transports to / from other European countries can not achieve consistent status information of its freight wagons through data exchange (EDI - Electronic Data Interchange) with the respective national IT systems, independent solutions become available by equipping the freight wagons used in foreign traffic used with fixed satellite tracking devices.

With the satellite positioning device, it is possible to track or monitor the transport of freight wagons on routes of the European railways at short notice without incurring assembly work on the vehicle.

• stabiles Gehäuse, das dem rauen Eisenbahnbetrieb standhält und mit dem Güterwagen diebstahlsicher fest verbunden ist.
• GPS (Global Positioning System) und GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)-Antenne,
• GPS-Empfänger,
• GSM-Handy-Modul und/oder Modem für Satellitenkommunikation,
• CPU mit Speicher-Unit,
• high-capacity-Batterie mit geringer Stromabgabe bzw alternativ
• Solarpaneel zur Aufladung eines Akkumulators,
• integrierter Stoßmesser mit einem festem Schwellwert von insbesondere 2,4 g bzw. 23,5 m/s²,
• Vibrations-/Bewegungssensor,
• frei konfigurierbare Sensorschnittstellen.

Out DE 198 16 435 C1 a satellite positioning device is known, in particular, a satellite phone is used for tracking and monitoring of rail vehicles without voltage source. The satellite phone includes various sensors, a communication module, a shock meter, optional additional interfaces and a rechargeable high-performance battery. The satellite phone is designed so that it is easily accommodated in the signal support of the freight cars, theft-proof. The permanently mounted on the freight car satellite positioning device consists in particular of the following components:

• Sturdy housing that withstands the harsh railway operation and is firmly connected to the freight car theft proof.
• GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) antenna,
• GPS receiver
• GSM mobile phone module and / or modem for satellite communication,
• CPU with memory unit,
• high-capacity battery with low current output or alternatively
• Solar panel for charging a rechargeable battery,
• integrated impact knife with a fixed threshold of in particular 2.4 g or 23.5 m / s ² ,
• Vibration / motion sensor,
• freely configurable sensor interfaces.

The satellite tracking device itself is attached to the anti-theft device fixed to the freight car at one of the respective freight wagon design suitable location so that there is a clear view to the sky, and is thus car component.

However, with the large number of freight wagons to be monitored, manual execution of the o.g. Monitoring processes and activities are neither economically sensible nor process-reliable.

• Laufüberwachung der Güterwagen samt Zielerkennung,
• Automatische Ermittlung der Standorte leerer Güterwagen im In- und Ausland,
• Aktiver Schutz diebstahlgefährdeter Güter im In- und Ausland,
• Verminderung von Energieverbrauch und Kommunikationskosten.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method with which an automatic monitoring of the following points is ensured:

• Running monitoring of freight wagons including target recognition,
• Automatic determination of the location of empty goods wagons at home and abroad,
• Active protection of theft-endangered goods at home and abroad,
• Reduction of energy consumption and communication costs.

This object is achieved for the method by the features specified in claim 1 and for the device by the features specified in claim 22.

Claims 2 to 21 and 23 to 31 include advantageous embodiments of the inventive solution of claim 1 and 22, respectively.

According to the invention, a reference transport plan (RTP) stored in a database describes the entire route of the freight car from the point of departure to the destination and gives the satellite location device the time / distance information in the form of geo-coordinates (location information), time of the next measurement (time information, as delta between two Measurements, data in minutes), sensor configuration etc. It was previously agreed with the customer individually or corresponds to the regular transport plan of the railways. The satellite positioning device recognizes the start either independently by vibration sensor and / or in conjunction with leaving the blur area or by entering the relevant customer order in the regular order entry systems in the Customer Service Center (KSZ). Due to the individually definable blur range (radius in km around the measuring point), the alarm triggering can be influenced within wide limits depending on the customer's wishes, since the satellite locating device compares in the following measurements whether it reaches the measuring point at the specified time T1 or currently T2 in the direction of has left the destination. If the measurement is within the blur range, no message is triggered, thus saving energy and communication costs; the measured data are nevertheless recorded in the internal ring buffer (processor memory unit). Ideally, a single end-of-timetable message will be delivered when arriving at the destination on time, including the full run history of the car with all measurement results. The maximum number of characters that can be transmitted within an SMS (Short Message Service) is always utilized, which in turn saves communication costs (primarily roaming charges abroad). Likewise, the satellite tracking device for each existing sensor type, the alarm treatment (immediately, later, only load or the like) are assigned individually. The message, for example, of an untimely door opening of a freight car loaded with cigarettes is typically always displayed immediately and, with its relevant data, can also be forwarded immediately to a police station.

Upon arrival at the destination, the satellite tracking device always goes into sleep mode to save energy. In addition to the transport plan mode described above, the satellite positioning device can additionally or alternatively be configured to perform a localization and to report at fixed time intervals independently of the loading status of the carriage (active mode). As a result, an up-to-date location is always available in the database and can either be viewed by the customer on demand via the Internet or for internal purposes such as e.g. Disposition of the empty freight car to be used by the fleet manager.

Unlike lorries, there is no driver in rail freight transport who actively implements information about routes and timelines. As an alternative, therefore, a self-monitoring running monitoring was implemented according to the invention, which - like the truck driver - only triggers cost-intensive information in the event of a deviation.

Advantageously, it is thus achieved by the invention that after arrival at the destination the discharge is monitored (loading period) and the status change loaded / empty is reported. If defined deviations are exceeded (time, location, status the sensor) an alarm is triggered. In particular, the satellite positioning device automatically recognizes the need for a status message to minimize telecommunications costs.

Starting with the provision of an empty freight wagon for loading, its timely loaded delivery for carriage, adherence to the customer's deadline and punctual departure of the loaded freight wagon and the subsequent run monitoring by target / actual comparison from start to finish guaranteed.

Intelligent information processing in the satellite tracking device on freight wagons is supplemented by processing and cooperation with the control center software, the very heart of the overall system. The control center consists of the communication and application server as well as the database. The software is developed for the special processes of rail transport and allows a largely automated monitoring and disposition of the freight wagon fleet. The communication server is the central interface between the application server and the communication provider. It makes the incoming messages available to the application server in a defined format and conversely converts the messages of the application server into the format expected by the communications provider. The communication server makes the received SMS available to the application server as text and transfers the texts received from the application server to the communications provider as SMS. In addition, the communication server stores the incoming and outgoing SMS messages in the database. The satellite servers are configured and managed via the application server. Based on the user preferences, the application server generates the content of the messages to the satellite tracking devices. Furthermore, the application server can determine reference schedules for further transports of the same relation on the basis of transports already carried out.

The application server displays the received alarms and messages to the user in the appropriate form. It offers extensive possibilities for evaluating the stored information. In addition, the application server manages the master data, the order data, and the reference schedules generated externally and by the application server itself, and transfers static data, order data, and external reference schedules from supplied files. Receiving the current location report of a freight car - especially abroad - is useful on its own Little, if not clear at the same time, where he should be on schedule, the classic target / actual comparison based on known timetable data. In connection with the ever-present compulsion to save energy due to lack of power, the principle has been pursued according to the invention, at the source of information generation, the locating device on freight wagons, set to avoid unnecessary energy and, above all, communication costs causing messages. The monitoring of the transport takes place in the terminals themselves, messages only occur if defined deviations from the transport process occur. In order to take into account a well-known peculiarity of the iron transport, not always on the same way to reach a certain goal, the software was enabled to learn deviations in the course of transport and in the future to interpret as correct. She is even in a position to set this not only on the relation alone, but also depending on different days of the road. Likewise, the software recognizes that several freight wagons are merged with the same order ie the same route / destination in a freight train and logically run in satellite tracking device on the freight car each causing the same energy and communication costs activities. In this case, only two satellite tracking devices are activated, and precisely those with the highest energy reserve. This intelligent data management can reduce communication costs by more than 50%.

Thus, a largely automated DV support provides particularly advantageous for communication and processing of the data.

The previously focused on the monitoring of the loaded freight car mode (transport plan mode) means that after reaching the planned goal of the monitoring order completed and the satellite positioning device is put into sleep mode. In accordance with the invention, using the active mode, the satellite positioning device is caused by configuration to detect the status change of the sensor from loaded to empty. The message triggered by this causes the dispatching module of the control room software to take the freight wagon as reusable and either to link it once with the daily batch run - similar to the logic of the national empty wagon management - with known requirements and deliver it to a new destination abroad or empty it to return home. This avoids the use of foreign coaches of the respective foreign railway and increases the productivity of the freight wagon, as well as the new COTIF (Convention on international freight traffic), that, in principle, provides for the commissioning of the freight wagon in Annex D (ER CUV), as railway wagons will in future also be treated as private freight wagons. The advantage is thus that self-sufficient and with sufficient data quality, the status of the freight wagon abroad can be experienced at any time and its commission for transport - loaded or empty - can be promptly arranged.

It is thus particularly advantageous automatically, as soon as the freight car has become empty abroad, triggered a location report and made a message about the disposition of the car to a reloading. Re-loading orders avoid the payment of RIV rent (International Rail Agreement on user charges for the duration of a freight car's stay on the foreign network) while at the same time increasing the productivity of the freight wagon.

The freight cars are equipped with a distance sensor, which operates in particular on ultrasound basis, which determines from the comparison of the distance car body top rail in conjunction with the known, car-typical deflection, whether the freight car is loaded or empty; he sits in particular at the end of a protective tube under the car body next to the bogie. To increase the accuracy of measurement, a flat element, in particular a flat iron, is attached to the protective tube in such a way that it lies within the ultrasound radiation range and is recognizable and thus forms a fixed reference distance to the measured distance from the upper edge of the rail. After being mounted on the empty freight wagon for the first time, the satellite positioning device determines the distance to the upper edge of the rail, compensating tolerances in future measurements. due to temperature fluctuations and material fatigue and increased by comparison to the fixed reference distance, the measurement accuracy significantly. Furthermore, used for the transport of theft goods good sliding wall wagon are mainly provided the type Hb with reed relays as door sensors that detect unauthorized openings during transport and allow immediate disclosure of information in the way described in claim 2 to the respective security services of the European railways.

In addition, by a locking system in case of need - in addition to the alarm triggering - the door opening by (accumulator) motorized bars "active" prevented.

With the shock sensor permanently installed in each device, the damage typical of rail transport is recorded by maneuvering jerks and specifically the causer in Germany and abroad, in order to be able to effectively enforce liability claims and, on the other hand, to enable causal research and to have a preventive effect.

Flats on the wheel tire cause regular "blows" to the rail and the axle bearings while driving and often lead to rail breakage and / or embankment fires caused by hot axle bearings. With a sensor, the flat spot is recognized immediately and the freight car is transported by means of a transport plan to a nearest repair shop so that consequential damage does not even occur.

Knowledge of the current weight of a freight wagon is essential to the safety of the railway operation and not least a criterion for freight calculation. To accelerate on the one hand internal operations at the customer and on the other hand of the railway transport itself provides the possibility of weighing the freight car by sensors under the rolling wheel i. without any delay due to an intermediate weighing process high commercial benefit and increases the productivity of the freight car by accelerating its orbit frequency. From the measured values of strain gauges attached to both bogies or to the longitudinal or transverse girder of the wagon body, the satellite positioning device forms an average value and reports the weight determined in particular to be accurate for further processing in the production and order processing systems of the logistics company. Other sensors e.g. For temperature measurement of cargo in tank wagons, pressure measurements of the cargo in tank wagons, filling level indicator of tanks or functionality of generators in refrigerated trucks can be connected to the standard existing sensor interfaces.

Particularly advantageous thus creates a high added benefit by connecting sensors to freely assignable open interfaces in the satellite tracking device. In addition to the location information, the dispatcher thus receives a much broader picture of the status of the wagon, the load and the transport process. This makes it clear at any time whether the freight car is loaded or empty. For goods with a high value, a loss is detected by sensors, thus avoiding or reducing damage. Furthermore, damage to the freight wagon is detected and reported in order to avoid unnecessary maintenance costs. Through the use of measuring sensors - eg for weighing the freight wagons under the rolling wheel - the business processes and organizational processes provide further internal and commercial benefits.

To round off its service via the Internet, the logistics company offers a Tracking & Tracing Service for customers and a loading space exchange for dispatchers. Authorized customers can access the current location data of all active as well as closed orders via an access portal via the Internet at any time either by specifying the wagon or the associated order number in list form or graphically deposited; if desired also as expression. Visible, however, are only the location information as determined above and agreed with the customer. Should the customer currently wish a location information, he has the instrument of Pollingabfrage available and he has the ability to change the future reporting and working behavior by changing the configuration of the satellite positioning device. Since these actions are costly (communication costs and energy consumption), the inputs are recorded and the operating costs are billed.

The location of one or more freight cars can be displayed graphically. The software selects the map section in particular so that all requested carriage locations are visible at the same time.

Authorized dispatchers of the logistics company, sales staff of the respective international train as well as fleet dispatchers have the opportunity to use a loading exchange to identify freight wagons that have become empty abroad with time and place information already on departure from the airport and to book them if necessary. As a result, these freight cars are automatically scheduled and commissioned as described in claim 1 to the new point of use.

An energy balance calculation of the satellite positioning device is based on the following basic assumption: The satellite positioning device books in particular hourly to query messages in the GSM network, in particular four times a day, i. every 6 hours, its current position and informs it in particular twice daily of the control center.

Furthermore, all components are designed to save energy, so that the entire unit - the satellite tracking device - its power supply self-sufficient over a period of at least six years (maintenance cycle of the freight car) ensures without having to approach or replace a charging point for charging the battery.

The geo-coordinates determined by GPS are supplemented by further information such as sensor technology via the GSM network or in the absence of network coverage transmitted via communication satellites such as Orbcomm to the communication server of the control center; In the opposite way, information about the transport order is transmitted to the satellite positioning device in order to trigger the event and interval management according to the invention in the device.

Fig. 1

schematisch ein System, das aus fest am Güterwagen angeschweißten Satellitenortungsgerät besteht,

Fig. 2

schematisch die Sensorikausstattung der Satellitenortungsgeräte zum Festanbau,

Fig. 3

schematisch eine autonome Überwachung durch einen Referenztransportplan,

Fig. 4

schematisch eine Meldung z.B. einer unzeitigen Türöffnung an eine Polizeidienststelle.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment and a drawing with four figures. The figures show in

Fig. 1

schematically a system consisting of permanently welded to the freight car satellite positioning device,

Fig. 2

schematically the sensor equipment of the satellite locating devices for permanent cultivation,

Fig. 3

schematically an autonomous monitoring by a reference transport plan,

Fig. 4

schematically a message such as an untimely door opening to a police department.

Fig. 1 shows schematically a system consisting of permanently welded to the freight car satellite locating device 1, the position determination using the GPS, the detection of information with additional sensors of FIG. 2 and a data transmission with SMS via GSM or alternatively via satellite modem via Communication satellites such as Orbcomm to a communication provider 2 enable. The communication provider provides the data transmitted by the satellite positioning device, from where they are transmitted by leased line to the communication server 3. The application server 4 interprets the data transmitted by the communication server into the database management system, assigns them to orders, interprets the positions geographically, alerts employees when intervention needs are needed, and provides geographically prepared protocols. The database management system 5 serves as a common repository for data in the communication server and in the application server.

In the opposite direction, the application server 4 allows the configuration of the satellite positioning devices with order-specific parameters, which are transmitted via the communication server 3 via a leased line to the communications provider 2. The communications provider 2 forwards this configuration message as an SMS to the satellite positioning device 1.

The communication server is the central interface between the application server and the communication provider. It makes the incoming messages available to the application server in a defined format and conversely converts the messages of the application server into the format expected by the communications provider. The communication server makes the received SMS available to the application server as text and transfers the texts received from the application server to the communications provider as SMS. In addition, the communication server stores the incoming and outgoing SMS messages in the database.

Via a leased line, he hands over and receives SMS messages to and from the communications provider.

The satellite servers are configured and managed via the application server. Based on the user preferences, the application server generates the content of the messages to the satellite tracking devices. Furthermore, the application server can determine reference schedules for further transports of the same relation on the basis of transports already carried out.

The application server displays the received alarms and messages to the user in an appropriate form. The application server offers extensive possibilities for evaluating the stored information. In addition, the application server manages the master data, the order data, and the reference schedules generated externally and by the application server itself, and transfers static data, order data, and external reference schedules from supplied files.

• ■ Messung von Stoßbelastung im rauen Eisenbahnbetrieb
• ■ unzeitige Türöffnung (Diebstahlmeldung)
• ■ Zeitpunkt einer Ladezustandsänderung (Diebstahldetektion, Ladefristüberwachung)
• ■ Sensorschnittstellen für Temperaturüberwachung des Ladegutes, technischer Daten des Güterwagens (Laufleistung, Bremssohlenzustand, Lauflagerschäden etc) sowie nicht zuletzt
• ■ zeitnah abrufbare aktuelle Transportstatusinformation via Internet-Zugangsportal (web-basierte, graphisch aufbereitete Standortabfrage)

With the system, additional quality features with their own added value are to be realized, such as:

• ■ Measurement of impact load in rough railway operations
• ■ untimely door opening (theft message)
• ■ Time of charge state change (theft detection, charging period monitoring)
• ■ Sensor interfaces for temperature monitoring of the load, technical data of the freight wagon (mileage, brake fluid condition, bearing damage etc.) and last but not least
• ■ promptly retrievable current transport status information via Internet access portal (web-based, graphically processed location query)

• Abfahrtszeit und Ort
• Wegepunkte
• Ankunftszeit und Ort jeweils mit Toleranzbereich
• Unschärfebereiche um Wegpunktorte (Geokoordinaten)
• automatische Starterkennung.

Before leaving a shipping station 7 of Fig. 3 by the freight car, the following data of the timetable is transmitted to the satellite tracking device of the freight car:

• Departure time and location
• waypoints
• Arrival time and location in each case with tolerance range
• Blur areas around waypoint locations (geocoordinates)
• automatic start detection.

When the freight car leaves the blur area around the dispatch station 7, the freight vehicle's satellite tracking device sends out a departure message 12.

If the freight car reaches the border station 8 or 9, it is checked whether the target location with a predetermined defocus range has been reached at the given time. Optionally, the satellite tracking device of the freight car between the border station 9 and the marshalling yard 10 sends a delay message 13 from.

When the freight car reaches the destination station 11, the freight car's satellite tracking device sends a message about the end of the train and, in principle, automatically enters the idle mode

As shown in Fig. 4 , the message, for example, an untimely door opening of a freight car loaded with cigarettes is displayed immediately and forwarded with their relevant data to a police station.

For this purpose, the load sensor, the door sensors and the shock sensor of the freight car are activated by a message 15 before departure of the freight car.

If the freight car leaves the blur area around the dispatch station 7, the freight vehicle's satellite tracking device sends a message about the proper loading and a departure message 16.

During the journey, the freight car's satellite locator emits each registered shock as a burst alarm 17 and each registered door opening as a door-on alarm 18.

When the freight car reaches the destination station 11, the sensors are deactivated either automatically (information was contained in the RTP) or by radio through a message 19.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Satellite-tracking device

2

communications provider

3

Communication server

4

Application server

5

Database management system

7

forwarding station

8th

border station

9

border station

10

marshalling yard

11

destination station

12

departure message

13

delay message

14

Communication about the end of the train

15

Activation of the charge sensor, the door sensors and the shock sensor

16

Message about the proper loading and departure message

17

shock alarm

18

Door-to-Alarm

19

Deactivation of the sensors

Claims (31)

A method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of fixed to the freight cars satellite positioning devices, a satellite positioning device includes sensors, a communication module, interfaces and an energy storage and is permanently mounted on the freight car, the tracking and disposition is performed from a control center, consisting of a communication and application server and a database, characterized in that by a stored in the database reference transport plan (RTP) the entire route of the freight car from the departure point to the destination is described and the satellite positioning device, the time / distance information in the form of geocoordinates, time of next measurement and sensor configuration. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by satellite tracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reference transport plan is agreed individually and / or corresponds to a regular transport plan of the railways. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the start of the transport process by the satellite positioning device independently by vibration sensor and / or in conjunction with leaving a blur area around the starting point and / or by the detection of the relevant customer order in regular order entry systems. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that is influenced by the individually definable blur area around a start, end and / or intermediate point, the alarm triggering according to customer requirements within wide limits by the satellite positioning device compares in the following measurements, whether it is too a predetermined time T1 has reached the corresponding point or at a time T2 has left in the direction of the following point. Method for tracking and disposition of freight wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, if the measurement within the blur range is no message is triggered and the measurement data are kept in an internal memory. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by satellite tracking device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that only at punctual arrival at the destination, a single schedule end message is issued, which includes the entire running history of the car with all the measurement results. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that within a SMS (Short Message Service) can be transmitted optimally utilized maximum number of characters. Method for tracking and disposition of freight wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the satellite locating device for each sensor type present an alarm treatment is mandated individually. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by satellite tracking device according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the message of an untimely door opening of a freight car is displayed and forwarded with their relevant data to a security center. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that after arrival at the destination, the satellite positioning device is set in a sleep mode. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that by the satellite positioning device in fixed Time intervals a location made and regardless of the loading status of the car is transmitted. Method for tracking and disposition of freight wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that an information processing in satellite tracking device on freight wagons is supplemented by processing and cooperation with the control room software and - the control center software takes into account special process flows of the rail transport and enables largely automated monitoring and disposition of the freight wagon fleet, the communication server is the central interface between the application server and the communication provider and makes incoming messages available to the application server in a defined format and, conversely, converts the messages of the application server into the format expected by the communication provider, - SMS received by the communication server is made available to the application server as text and the texts received from the application server are transmitted to the communications provider as SMS, the incoming and outgoing SMS messages are stored in the database by the communication server, - The satellite server is configured and managed via the application server. Method for tracking and disposition of freight wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the content of the messages to the satellite positioning devices are generated on the basis of user preferences by the application server. Method for the tracking and disposition of freight wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that due to already performed transports Reference schedules for further transports of the same relation are determined by the application server. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that by the application server - received alarms and messages are presented to the user in appropriate form, - stored information is evaluated, - master data, order data and externally and by the application server itself generated reference transport plans are managed, - Static data, order data and external reference schedules are transferred from provided files. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that using an active mode, the satellite positioning device is caused by configuration to detect the status change of the sensor from loaded to empty and the disposition module of the control room Software causes the triggered message to take the freight wagon as reusable into the disposition stock and either to link the once-daily batch run with known needs and deliver it to a new destination abroad or to return it empty home. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by satellite tracking device according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that over the Internet, a tracking and tracing service for customers and a loading space exchange for dispatchers is offered and authorized customers via an access portal via the Internet at any time a view is given to the current location data of all active as well as already closed orders either by specifying the car or the associated order number in list form or graphically deposited. Method for tracking and disposition of freight wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that via a change in the configuration of Satellite locating device, the future reporting and working behavior is changed, recorded the inputs and the operating costs are billed. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the location of one or more freight cars is displayed graphically deposited. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars using satellite tracking device according to at least one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the emptying abroad freight cars recognized by authorized persons on a loading space exchange with time and location already at the departure inland and booked if necessary become. Method for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that geo coordinates determined by GPS supplemented by further information about a GSM network and / or lack of network coverage via communication satellites to the communication server be transmitted to the control center and transmitted in the reverse way the satellite positioning device information such as the transport order. Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite tracking devices attached to the freight wagon, wherein a satellite positioning device includes sensors, a communication module, interfaces and an energy storage and is permanently mounted on the freight wagon, wherein the tracking and disposition is performed from a control station consisting of a communication - And application server and a database, characterized in that at sensor interfaces of the satellite positioning device sensors for the measurement of - Distance between car body and top edge rail and / or - Temperature of cargo in tank cars and / or - Printing of cargo in tank cars and / or - Level of tanks and / or - Functioning of generators in refrigerated trucks and / or - Impacts on the car in horizontal and / or vertical and / or transverse direction, which occur once or several times and / or - Weight of the car and / or - Temperature of the axes and / or - Temperature of the axle bearings and / or - damage to the tire and / or - Derailment and / or - Condition of locking devices (eg doors, dome covers on tank cars, valves etc) - condition of the wagon brake (eg position P / G, wear etc) - train completion check are connected. Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars by satellite tracking device according to claim 22, characterized in that the distance sensor from the comparison of the distance between the car body and upper edge rail in conjunction with the known, car-typical deflection determines whether the freight car is loaded or empty. Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to claim 23, characterized in that the sensor is designed as an ultrasonic sensor. Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 23 to 24, characterized in that the sensor is mounted at the end of a protective tube under the car body next to the bogie. Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars by means of satellite positioning device according to claim 25, characterized in that the protective tube, a flat element, in particular a flat iron, is mounted within the ultrasonic radiation region and thereby forms a fixed reference distance to the measured distance to the rail top. Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars by satellite tracking device according to at least one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that after the first attachment to the empty freight car, the satellite positioning device determines the distance to the rail top and compensates tolerances in the following measurements, for example, by temperature fluctuations and fatigue. Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars by satellite tracking device according to claim 22, characterized in that the weight sensor is designed as a strain gauge on the bogie and / or longitudinal and / or cross member of the car body. Device for tracking and disposition of freight wagons by means of satellite positioning device according to at least one of claims 22 to 28, characterized in that a closure system prevents the door from being opened by accumulator-operated latches. Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars using satellite tracking device according to at least one of claims 22 to 29, characterized in that the satellite positioning device in particular hourly to query messages in the GSM network, several times a day determines its current position and in particular twice daily tells the control center , Device for tracking and disposition of freight cars by satellite tracking device according to at least one of claims 22 to 30, characterized in that a contact system detects the opening of the door during transport and transmitted immediately with place and time to the control room.

Images